Thoracic cavity decompression device capable of alarming

Abstract

The thoracic cavity decompression device comprises a thoracic cavity inner catheter (1), a thoracic cavity outer catheter (2), a thoracic cavity inner fixing air bag (3), a decompression alarm mechanism (4) and a bacteria filtering mechanism (5). The intrathoracic catheter (1) is communicated with the extrathoracic catheter (2), an intrathoracic fixing air bag (3) is arranged on the intrathoracic catheter (1), a decompression alarm mechanism (4) and a bacteria filtering mechanism (5) are arranged on the extrathoracic catheter (2), and the bacteria filtering mechanism (5) is arranged on the side, away from the intrathoracic catheter (1), of the decompression alarm mechanism (4). Compared with the prior art, the device has the advantages that one-way decompression of the long-term indwelling thoracic cavity can be achieved, meanwhile, the pressure change in the thoracic cavity is effectively detected, and re-pneumothorax is prompted in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a chest cavity decompression device capable of providing an alarm. Background Art

[0002] Refractory pneumothorax refers to a spontaneous pneumothorax in which air leakage persists after 7-14 days of active closed chest drainage and / or negative pressure suction, and the patient cannot tolerate thoracic intervention or surgery due to cardiopulmonary function or underlying diseases. It is a more difficult problem in the treatment of pleural-related diseases. It is often accompanied by underlying lung complications, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung infection, pleural disease, etc. In addition to actively treating the primary disease, the existing treatments for refractory pneumothorax mainly include (1) chemical pleurodesis: that is, injecting a sclerosing agent (including talcum powder, tetracycline, minocycline, bevacizumab, etc.) into the pleural cavity to cause aseptic pleurisy, thereby causing adhesion and fixation of the visceral pleura and the parietal pleura. However, it is not suitable for patients with infectious pleurisy or hepatic and renal insufficiency, and the postoperative pain is more obvious, and the patient's tolerance is poor; (2) transbronchial occlusion: using a double-lumen balloon under bronchoscope to find the pleural fistula and inject it into the pleural cavity. Responsible drainage involves infusing occluding agents or placing occluding devices in the bronchus to block or reduce air leakage and promote lung re-expansion. However, it is not suitable for patients with uncontrolled acute or chronic lung infections or respiratory failure, or patients with contraindications to bronchoscopy. (3) Closed chest drainage tube: It is currently the most commonly used conservative treatment for refractory pneumothorax. However, long-term indwelling of chest tubes requires high nursing care, significantly prolongs hospital stay, and is prone to the risk of secondary nosocomial infection and catheter-related infection. At the same time, the drainage bottle needs to be connected for a long time, which leads to limited patient activity and reduced quality of life, greatly increasing the economic burden on patients and society.

[0003] At the same time, refractory pneumothorax is often prone to alveolar rupture again, resulting in aggravation of pneumothorax, which may cause dyspnea, etc., and in severe cases, it may threaten life safety. Therefore, it is very important to monitor the intrapleural pressure. The monitoring method mainly relies on the observation of symptoms and signs such as chest pain, dyspnea, and subcutaneous emphysema, as well as direct pleural pressure measurement (water column pressure measurement or digital manometer) and chest X-ray measurement of pneumothorax compression ratio. However, there are certain requirements for medical monitoring and equipment, and currently, whether chemical pleural fixation, transbronchial occlusion, or closed chest drainage, there is no effective and simple pressure measurement function. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore simple, sterile, and long-term indwelling chest one-way decompression and alarm devices in clinical practice. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a chest decompression device with an alarm, so as to realize long-term one-way chest decompression, effectively detect the change of intrathoracic pressure, and promptly prompt the occurrence of pneumothorax again.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: a chest decompression device with alarm, comprising an intrathoracic catheter, an extrathoracic catheter, an intrathoracic fixed airbag, a decompression alarm mechanism and a bacterial filtering mechanism;

[0006] The intrathoracic catheter is communicated with the extrathoracic catheter, and the intrathoracic catheter is provided with an intrathoracic fixed airbag, and the extrathoracic catheter is provided with a decompression alarm mechanism and a bacterial filtering mechanism, and the bacterial filtering mechanism is arranged on the side of the decompression alarm mechanism away from the intrathoracic catheter.

[0007] Preferably, the decompression alarm mechanism comprises a one-way valve for one-way exhaust from the chest cavity to the outside and an alarm component for overpressure alarm.

[0008] Further preferably, the one-way valve comprises a first housing, a partition, and a compression spring;

[0009] The first shell input end (connected to the lung end) and output end (connected to the outlet end) are both connected to the extrathoracic catheter, a partition is arranged at the first shell input end, a compression spring is arranged at the first shell output end and connected to the partition, and the partition can block the first shell input end in a natural state.

[0010] More preferably, the alarm assembly includes a fuse which is arranged in the first housing and can be broken when the compression spring is compressed into place, and an alarm connected to the fuse.

[0011] Preferably, the fuse is connected to a control circuit of an alarm, and when the fuse is disconnected, the alarm sounds.

[0012] Preferably, the first shell includes a cylindrical main body and a conical transition part, the diameter of the main body is larger than that of the extrathoracic catheter, one end of the conical transition part is connected to the main body, and the other end is connected to the extrathoracic catheter, the compression spring is coaxially arranged with the main body (the compression direction is parallel to the axis of the main body), one end is fixed to the conical transition part, and the other end is connected to the partition, the fuse is arranged in the main body, perpendicular to the axis of the main body, and interferes with the compression spring (that is, the fuse will be deformed or even torn off during the deformation of the compression spring).

[0013] Further preferably, the partition has a conical structure matching the conical transition portion on a side close to the conical transition portion.

[0014] Preferably, a guide rod is provided in the first shell for assisting the partition to translate along the axis direction of the first shell.

[0015] Further preferably, the guide rod is arranged along the axial direction of the first shell, with both ends fixed on the first shell, and the partition plate is passed through the guide rod.

[0016] Further preferably, a plurality of guide rods are provided in the first shell along the circumference of the partition.

[0017] Alternatively, preferably, the alarm assembly includes a transparent window and a warning line arranged on the first shell.

[0018] Preferably, the intrathoracic catheter is arranged inside the thoracic cavity, is a soft curled catheter, and is provided with an air hole.

[0019] Further preferably, the intrathoracic catheter is made of silicone, polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene.

[0020] Preferably, the intrathoracic fixation airbag is arranged on a side of the intrathoracic catheter close to the chest wall.

[0021] Further preferably, the intrathoracic fixation airbag is connected to an airbag inflation tube.

[0022] Further preferably, the airbag inflation tube is connected to a switch valve.

[0023] Further preferably, the volume of the intrathoracic fixation airbag after being filled is 3-5 mL, preferably 4 mL.

[0024] Further preferably, the material of the intrathoracic fixation airbag includes silicone, latex, polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene.

[0025] Preferably, the bacterial filtering mechanism comprises a second shell having both ends connected to the extrathoracic catheter and a bacterial filtering membrane arranged in the second shell.

[0026] Further preferably, the bacterial filtration membrane is air permeable, and the material includes polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethersulfone or cellulose acetate.

[0027] Further preferably, the second shell includes a cylindrical main body and a conical transition portion, the main body has a diameter larger than the extrathoracic catheter, one end of the conical transition portion is connected to the main body, and the other end is connected to the extrathoracic catheter, and the bacterial filter membrane is arranged in the main body and is perpendicular to the axial direction of the main body.

[0028] Preferably, the alarmable chest decompression device further comprises an interface;

[0029] The extrathoracic catheter is divided into a first tube section and a second tube section. One end of the first tube section is connected to the intrathoracic catheter, and the other end is connected to an interface. The second tube section is provided with a decompression alarm mechanism and a bacterial filtering mechanism. The first tube section is detachably connected to the second tube section through the interface.

[0030] Further preferably, when the first tube segment is separated from the second tube segment (ie, when the second tube segment is detached from the first tube segment), the first tube segment can be connected to a chest drainage bottle via an interface.

[0031] More preferably, the interface includes a threaded tube and an interface protective sleeve. When a chest drainage bottle needs to be transferred, the interface of the device is first rotated open, the intrathoracic interface is directly connected to the chest drainage bottle interface, fixed by the threaded tube, and then the interface protective sleeve is rotated to the interface to prevent the connection from being disconnected and reduce the possibility of contamination.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. The present invention can achieve long-term one-way chest decompression, and effectively detect changes in intrathoracic pressure, and promptly prompt the occurrence of re-pneumothorax.

[0034] 2. Advantages of usage scenarios: The device of the present invention can achieve out-of-hospital chest drainage and reduce the patient's hospital stay and economic burden because it is not easy to drag out and has low nursing requirements.

[0035] 3. Advantage of reducing infection: The outermost part of the device of the present invention includes a bacterial filtration membrane, which effectively prevents bacteria from entering the device and reduces the risk of causing intracavitary infection.

[0036] 4. Fixation advantage: The device of the present invention is fixed to the chest wall surface by airbags instead of traditional sutures, which can reduce the need for care and the risk of the device falling out of the chest cavity, making it more conducive to the device to achieve out-of-hospital drainage and reduce the patient's hospitalization time.

[0037] 5. Alarm advantage: The device of the present invention contains an alarm mechanism, which can effectively alarm when the intrathoracic pressure is high, prompting patients and medical staff to pay attention to the patient's vital signs and take appropriate measures in time, avoiding the suspicion of new pneumothorax only when the patient has discomfort symptoms.

[0038] 6. The fuse break alarm method of the present invention is safer than the switch type alarm.

[0039] 7. The transparent window and warning line alarm method of the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to observe, and can achieve low-cost and reliable alarm.

[0040] 8. Transfer advantage: The device of the present invention includes an interface that can be connected to a chest drainage bottle, and has the function of being tightly connected and separated from a closed drainage bottle as needed. It can be selected according to the patient's condition, effectively reducing repeated intubation operations on the patient.

[0041] 9. The device of the present invention is simple, sterile, can be retained for a long time, and has both unidirectional chest decompression and alarm functions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the device of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intrathoracic catheter and the intrathoracic fixed airbag of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a decompression alarm mechanism of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 The working principle of a decompression alarm mechanism of the present invention is Figure 1 ;

[0046] Figure 5 The working principle of a decompression alarm mechanism of the present invention is Figure 2 ;

[0047] Figure 6 The working principle of a decompression alarm mechanism of the present invention is Figure 3 ;

[0048] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bacterial filtration mechanism of the present invention;

[0049] In the figure: 1-intrathoracic catheter, 11-air hole, 2-extrathoracic catheter, 3-intrathoracic fixed airbag, 31-airbag inflation tube, 4-decompression alarm mechanism, 41-first shell, 42-partition, 43-compression spring, 44-fuse, 45-alarm, 5-bacterial filtering mechanism, 51-second shell, 52-bacterial filtering membrane, 6-interface, a-chest wall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The following embodiments are implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operation processes, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0051] In the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention; the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; in addition, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] A chest decompression device capable of alarming, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes an intrathoracic catheter 1, an extrathoracic catheter 2, an intrathoracic fixed airbag 3, a decompression alarm mechanism 4 and a bacterial filtering mechanism 5.

[0054] Among them, the intrathoracic catheter 1 and the extrathoracic catheter 2 are respectively arranged on the inner and outer sides of the thoracic cavity and are connected to each other. The intrathoracic catheter 1 is provided with an intrathoracic fixing airbag 3 for fixing it in the thoracic cavity, and the upper edge of the extrathoracic catheter 2 is provided with a decompression alarm mechanism 4 and a bacterial filtering mechanism 5 in sequence from the side close to the thoracic cavity to the side away from the thoracic cavity. The decompression alarm mechanism 4 can perform thoracic decompression and overpressure alarm, and the bacterial filtering mechanism 5 can reduce the possibility of infection caused by external bacteria entering the device of this embodiment.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] A transthoracic chest decompression device with an alarm, such as Figure 2 As shown, the intrathoracic catheter 1 is arranged on the inner side of the chest wall a, is a soft curled catheter, and is provided with a plurality of air holes 11, the intrathoracic fixation airbag 3 is arranged on the intrathoracic catheter 1 and is connected to an airbag inflation tube 31 extending out of the chest wall a, and when the intrathoracic fixation airbag is inflated, the intrathoracic catheter 1 can be fixed. The rest is the same as that of the embodiment 1.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] A transthoracic chest decompression device with an alarm, such as Figure 3As shown, the decompression alarm mechanism 4 includes a first shell 41, a partition 42 and a compression spring 43. The first shell 41 includes a cylindrical main body and a tapered transition portion arranged at the lung end and the outlet end of the main body. The diameter of the main body is larger than the extrathoracic catheter 2. The compression spring 43 is arranged in the first shell 41, one end of which is fixed to the tapered transition portion, and the other end is connected to the partition 42, and the compression direction is parallel to the axial direction of the main body. The partition 42 is arranged on the side of the compression spring 43 close to the lung end, and can abut against the tapered transition portion connected to the lung end under the compression of the compression spring 43.

[0059] In this embodiment, the decompression alarm mechanism 4 also includes a fuse 44 and an alarm 45. The fuse 44 is arranged in the main body, with both ends fixed and perpendicular to the axial direction of the main body, and interferes with the compression spring 43. During the compression process of the compression spring 43, the fuse 44 can be deformed until it breaks.

[0060] The working principle of the decompression alarm mechanism 4 of this embodiment is as follows: when the pressure in the chest cavity is higher than the atmospheric pressure, the diaphragm 42 at the lung end will retreat, the compression spring 43 will be compressed, and the gas in the chest cavity will flow out through the gap between the first shell 41 and the diaphragm 42; when the pressure in the chest cavity is lower than the atmospheric pressure, the diaphragm 42 cannot be pushed and still abuts against the conical transition part to achieve the blocking effect, and the external gas cannot enter the chest cavity; when a new pneumothorax occurs, the pressure in the chest cavity increases rapidly and is significantly higher than the atmospheric pressure, the compression spring 43 is compressed to a large extent, and the fuse 44 can be pulled off, causing the alarm 45 to alarm. The rest is the same as that of embodiment 2.

[0061] Example 4

[0062] A chest decompression device that can alarm through the chest wall. In this embodiment, the decompression alarm mechanism 4 includes not only a first shell 41, a partition 42 and a compression spring 43, but also a transparent window and a warning line arranged on the first shell 41, that is, the alarm component composed of a fuse 44 and an alarm 45 is replaced by an alarm component composed of a transparent window and a warning line.

[0063] In this embodiment, the transparent window is arranged along the axial direction of the first shell 41, and a red warning line is provided next to the transparent window. The transparent window can facilitate observation of the retreated position of the partition 42. When the partition 42 retreats to the red warning line, it indicates overpressure in the chest cavity, achieving an alarm effect.

[0064] And, if Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the bacterial filtering mechanism 5 includes a second shell 51 and a bacterial filtering membrane 52 disposed in the second shell 51. The extrathoracic catheter 2 is divided into a first pipe section and a second pipe section, one end of the first pipe section is connected to the intrathoracic catheter 1, and the other end is detachably connected to the second pipe section through an interface 6, and the decompression alarm mechanism 4 and the bacterial filtering mechanism 5 are disposed on the second pipe section. The rest is the same as that of embodiment 3.

[0065] Example 5

[0066] A chest drainage device capable of alarming and draining through the chest wall comprises: an air bag (air bag inflation tube), an interface (capable of connecting a chest drainage bottle), a check valve with an alarm device, and a bacterial filter, wherein the above parts are connected in series in sequence through a chest drainage tube.

[0067] Next, the various parts of the device of this embodiment will be introduced in sequence from the inside to the outside of the chest wall.

[0068] 1. Inner part of the chest wall

[0069] The chest wall portion of the device of this embodiment is composed of an intrathoracic segment catheter with an air bag and air holes. The intrathoracic segment catheter is soft and curled to prevent damage to lung tissue during catheterization; there are air holes on it to facilitate gas discharge. The intrathoracic segment catheter has an air bag near the parietal pleura, and the volume of the air bag is 4mL when filled. The air bag can be inflated and deflated through the air bag inflation tube outside the chest wall, and the intrathoracic segment catheter is fixed in the chest cavity.

[0070] 2. Check valve + alarm device

[0071] The one-way valve uses a partition and a spring to achieve the function of exhausting only the chest cavity to the outside, preventing external gas from entering the chest cavity. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, when the pressure in the chest cavity is higher than the atmospheric pressure, the air pressure pushes the diaphragm back, compresses the spring, and the gas in the cavity flows out; Figure 5 As shown in , when the pressure in the chest cavity is less than the atmospheric pressure, the partition cannot be pushed and the gas cannot enter the chest cavity; Figure 6 As shown, when a new pneumothorax occurs, the pressure in the chest cavity increases rapidly and is significantly higher than the atmospheric pressure. The spring is compressed to a large extent, breaking the fuse and causing the alarm device to sound, alerting the patient and nursing staff that a new pneumothorax has occurred and that timely measures need to be taken.

[0072] 3. Interface

[0073] The interface can be connected to a chest drainage bottle to avoid repeated intubation during replacement of the device of this embodiment and the chest drainage bottle, thereby reducing the patient's pain and the burden on medical care.

[0074] 4. Bacteria filtration membrane

[0075] This part reduces the possibility of external bacteria entering the device and causing infection through the bacterial filter membrane it contains. The filter membrane is located on the outermost side of the entire device and is easy to replace.

[0076] The method of use and working principle of the device of this embodiment are as follows: during the thoracotomy, the location and range of the pneumothorax are determined by imaging and physical examination. After local anesthesia, the sterile intrathoracic section of the device is inserted. After the appropriate length is inserted, the airbag is inflated into the chest cavity through the airbag inflation tube to prevent the device from falling out of the chest cavity. Through the one-way valve, when the intrathoracic pressure is higher than the atmospheric pressure, the chest cavity can be decompressed by the device; when the atmospheric pressure is higher than the intrathoracic pressure, the device is closed. When a new pneumothorax occurs, the intrathoracic pressure rises rapidly, causing the partition compression spring to exceed the fuse limit, and the fuse breaks and begins to alarm. When it is necessary to connect to a conventional chest drainage bottle, the chest drainage bottle can be directly connected to the interface by opening the interface to avoid puncture again.

[0077] The above description of the embodiments is to facilitate the understanding and use of the present invention by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A chest decompression device capable of alarming, characterized in that: It comprises an intrathoracic catheter (1), an extrathoracic catheter (2), an intrathoracic fixed air bag (3), a decompression alarm mechanism (4) and a bacterial filtering mechanism (5); The intrathoracic catheter (1) is connected to the extrathoracic catheter (2), and the intrathoracic catheter (1) is provided with an intrathoracic fixed airbag (3), and the extrathoracic catheter (2) is provided with a decompression alarm mechanism (4) and a bacterial filtering mechanism (5), and the bacterial filtering mechanism (5) is arranged on the side of the decompression alarm mechanism (4) away from the intrathoracic catheter (1).

2. The chest decompression device with alarm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The decompression alarm mechanism (4) comprises a one-way valve for one-way exhaust from the chest cavity to the outside and an alarm component for overpressure alarm.

3. The chest decompression device with alarm according to claim 2, characterized in that: The one-way valve comprises a first housing (41), a partition (42), and a compression spring (43); The input end and the output end of the first shell (41) are both in communication with the extrathoracic catheter (2); the partition (42) is arranged at the input end of the first shell (41); the compression spring (43) is arranged at the output end of the first shell (41) and is connected to the partition (42), so that the partition (42) can block the input end of the first shell (41) in a natural state; The alarm assembly comprises a fuse (44) which is arranged in the first housing (41) and can be broken by a compression spring (43), and an alarm (45) connected to the fuse (44); Alternatively, the alarm component comprises a transparent window and a warning line arranged on the first housing (41).

4. The alarmable chest decompression device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first shell (41) comprises a cylindrical main body and a conical transition part, the diameter of the main body is larger than that of the extrathoracic catheter (2), one end of the conical transition part is connected to the main body, and the other end is connected to the extrathoracic catheter (2), the compression spring (43) is coaxially arranged with the main body, one end is fixed to the conical transition part, and the other end is connected to the partition (42), the fuse (44) is arranged in the main body, perpendicular to the axial direction of the main body, and interferes with the compression spring (43).

5. The chest decompression device capable of alarming according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intrathoracic catheter (1) is arranged inside the thoracic cavity and is a soft curled catheter with an air hole (11) provided thereon.

6. The chest decompression device with alarm function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intrathoracic fixed airbag (3) is arranged on the side of the intrathoracic catheter (1) close to the chest wall. The intrathoracic fixed airbag (3) is connected to an airbag inflation tube (31), and the volume after being filled is 3 to 5 mL.

7. The chest decompression device capable of alarming according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bacterial filtering mechanism (5) comprises a second shell (51) with both ends connected to the extrathoracic catheter (2) and a bacterial filtering membrane (52) arranged in the second shell (51).

8. The chest decompression device capable of alarming according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second shell (51) comprises a cylindrical main body and a conical transition portion, wherein the diameter of the main body is larger than that of the extrathoracic catheter (2), one end of the conical transition portion is connected to the main body, and the other end is connected to the extrathoracic catheter (2), and the bacterial filter membrane (52) is arranged in the main body and is perpendicular to the axial direction of the main body.

9. The chest decompression device capable of alarming according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes an interface (6); The extrathoracic catheter (2) is divided into a first tube section and a second tube section. One end of the first tube section is connected to the intrathoracic catheter (1), and the other end is connected to an interface (6). The second tube section is provided with a decompression alarm mechanism (4) and a bacterial filtering mechanism (5). The first tube section is detachably connected to the second tube section via the interface (6).

10. The chest decompression device capable of alarming according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the first tube section is separated from the second tube section, the first tube section can be connected to a chest drainage bottle via an interface (6).

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