Hydrogenation reactor based on microchannel

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of reactors, in particular to a micro-channel-based hydrogenation reactor which comprises a reaction shell, a micro-channel reactor is arranged at the top in the reaction shell, and a gas inlet pipe and a hydrogenation gas pipe are connected to the top of the reaction shell; the bearing net is fixedly connected with the reaction shell; the sufficient reaction mechanism is arranged in the reaction shell, the sufficient reaction mechanism comprises a driving assembly, a mounting seat, an elastic element, a connecting shaft, an ejector rod and a push plate, and through the design of the sufficient reaction mechanism, catalyst particles can be thrown up in the reaction process, the contact degree of the catalyst particles and reactants is increased, and the reaction efficiency is improved. The catalyst particles can be uniformly distributed, so that the reaction efficiency and the reaction sufficiency are improved, the push plate can push back the gas, on one hand, the gas is disturbed and the distribution of the gas is changed, and on the other hand, the gas can be pushed back to be in contact with the catalyst particles again, so that the gas which is not fully reacted reacts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of reactors, and in particular to a hydrogenation reactor based on a microchannel. Background Art

[0002] Microreactors are an important application of microchannels in the field of chemistry. Microreactors can achieve efficient chemical reactions and have the advantages of high mass and heat transfer efficiency, short reaction time, and good safety.

[0003] Reactors are commonly used equipment for chemical reactions, usually for reactions of two or more chemical substances. Common reactions include catalytic hydrogenation reactions. Catalytic hydrogenation is a typical exothermic reaction. Its function is to react the reactants with hydrogen through a catalyst, thereby accelerating the reaction rate and improving the selectivity of the reaction. Catalytic hydrogenation reactors are widely used in many fields.

[0004] Common catalytic hydrogenation reactors do not have stirring devices, and hydrogen and reactants are not fully mixed, which requires increased reaction time to complete the reaction. In existing reactors, the catalyst is generally fixed in place by fillers at both ends. At this time, the contact area between the catalyst and the reactants is small, and the catalytic effect is poor. In the catalytic hydrogenation process, common catalysts with higher catalytic activity have the characteristic of higher density of metal catalysts. During the reaction, they tend to sink inside the reactor and concentrate at the bottom, which also leads to insufficient utilization of the reaction catalyst and poor reaction effect. Catalytic hydrogenation is an exothermic reaction, and existing reactors will experience temperature runaway, which will have certain safety issues. On the other hand, the gas in the gas reactor flows in one direction, resulting in incomplete reaction of the gas at the edge. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in order to overcome the problem that in the prior art, the catalyst in the reactor is generally fixed at a certain position by fillers at both ends, the contact area between the catalyst and the reactants is small, and the catalytic effect is poor, a microchannel-based hydrogenation reactor is provided.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a microchannel-based hydrogenation reactor, comprising:

[0007] A reaction shell, in which a microchannel reactor is arranged on the top, an air intake pipe and a hydrogenation pipe are connected to the top of the reaction shell, the output end of the air intake pipe is connected to the input end of the microchannel reactor, the output end of the hydrogenation pipe is connected to the input end of the microchannel reactor, the microchannel reactor is used to mix the gas input from the air intake pipe and the gas input from the hydrogenation pipe and output them into the reaction shell, and a discharge pipe connected to the inner cavity is arranged on the bottom surface of the reaction shell;

[0008] A supporting net, which is fixedly connected to the reaction shell and is located below the microchannel reactor. The supporting net is used for placing catalyst particles and the mesh holes on the supporting net can allow gas to pass through;

[0009] A full reaction mechanism is used to make the reaction fully proceed. The full reaction mechanism is arranged in the reaction shell. The full reaction mechanism includes a driving assembly, a mounting seat, an elastic element, a connecting shaft, a push rod and a push plate. The connecting shaft is slidably connected to the reaction shell, the mounting seat is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting shaft, one end of the elastic element abuts the mounting seat, and the other end abuts the reaction shell. The push plate is fixedly connected to the top surface of the connecting shaft, and the push rod is arranged on the top surface of the push plate. The output end of the driving assembly is transmission-connected to the mounting seat. The driving assembly is used to provide power for the elastic force accumulated by the elastic element. The push plate can push the gas to flow in the opposite direction. The push rod is used to push the support to make the catalyst particles on the support net be thrown up. Through the design of the full reaction mechanism, it can throw up the catalyst particles during the reaction process, increase the contact degree between the catalyst particles and the reactants, and also make the catalyst particles evenly distributed, thereby improving the reaction efficiency and the reaction sufficiency. The push plate can push back the gas, on the one hand disturbing the gas and changing the distribution of the gas, and on the other hand pushing the gas back to contact the catalyst particles again, thereby making the gas that has not reacted fully react.

[0010] It further includes a driving component including a rack, a gear and a motor. The rack is fixedly connected to a mounting seat and extends vertically. The teeth of the gear are distributed in a semi-arc shape so that toothless sections and toothed sections are formed on the outer periphery of the gear. The teeth of the gear are meshed with the teeth of the rack. The motor is fixedly connected to a reaction housing, and the output end of the motor is connected to the gear transmission. The motor is used to provide power for the rotation of the gear.

[0011] The supporting net further comprises a cone-shaped structure which shrinks inward from top to bottom.

[0012] The invention further comprises a filter screen arranged in the reaction shell, and the filter screen is arranged between the microchannel reactor and the supporting net.

[0013] It further comprises a plurality of limit sliding sleeves which are arranged on the inside of the reaction shell and are distributed at intervals in the vertical direction, and the connecting shaft is slidably arranged in the limit sliding sleeves.

[0014] The hydrogenation reactor further includes a temperature control mechanism, which is used to adjust the temperature of the catalyst particles. The preheating mechanism includes a water tank, a water pump, a heat exchange tube, a heating rod and a refrigerator. The water tank is fixedly connected to the reaction shell, and the water tank is located outside the reaction shell. The water pump is fixedly connected to the water tank, the input end of the water pump is connected to the water tank, the output end of the water tank is connected to the input end of the heat exchange tube, the heat exchange tube is located below the supporting net, and the heat exchange tube is attached to the supporting net, the output end of the heat exchange tube is connected to the water tank, and the heat exchange tube is fixedly connected to the reaction shell.

[0015] The heat exchange tube further comprises a plurality of annular tubes with gradually decreasing diameters and a plurality of connecting tubes, the annular tubes are sleeved in sequence, and the annular tubes are coaxially arranged, and two adjacent annular tubes are connected by connecting tubes.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a microchannel-based hydrogenation reactor,

[0017] 1. The design of the microchannel reactor allows the reacting hydrogen and other gases to be fully mixed;

[0018] 2. Through the design of the full reaction mechanism, it can throw up the catalyst particles during the reaction process to increase the contact degree between the catalyst particles and the reactants, and can also make the catalyst particles evenly distributed, thereby improving the reaction efficiency and reaction completeness. The push plate can push back the gas, on the one hand disturbing the gas and changing the gas distribution, on the other hand pushing the gas back to contact the catalyst particles again, so that the gas that has not fully reacted can react. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 The present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 4 The present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B in the middle;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the supporting net of the present invention when viewed from above.

[0025] In the figure: 1, reaction shell, 11, air inlet pipe, 12, hydrogenation pipe, 13, discharge pipe;

[0026] 2. Microchannel reactor;

[0027] 3. Supporting net;

[0028] 4. Fully responsive mechanism, 41. Driving assembly, 411. Rack, 412. Gear, 413. Motor, 42. Mounting seat, 43. Elastic element, 44. Connecting shaft, 45. Push rod, 46. Push plate, 47. Limiting sleeve;

[0029] 5. Filter;

[0030] 6. Temperature control mechanism, 61. Water tank, 62. Water pump, 63. Heat exchange tube, 631. Ring tube, 632. Connecting tube, 64. Heating rod, 65. Refrigerator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the components related to the present invention.

[0032] like Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention, a microchannel-based hydrogenation reactor, comprising:

[0033] A reaction shell 1 is provided with a microchannel reactor 2 on the top thereof, an air intake pipe 11 and a hydrogenation pipe 12 are connected to the top of the reaction shell 1, the output end of the air intake pipe 11 is communicated with the input end of the microchannel reactor 2, the output end of the hydrogenation pipe 12 is communicated with the input end of the microchannel reactor 2, the microchannel reactor 2 is used to mix the gas input from the air intake pipe 11 and the gas input from the hydrogenation pipe 12 and output them into the reaction shell 1, a discharge pipe 13 communicated with the inner cavity is arranged on the bottom surface of the reaction shell 1, and the microchannel reactor 2 allows the hydrogen gas and other gases to be fully mixed;

[0034] A supporting net 3, which is fixedly connected to the reaction shell 1 and is located below the microchannel reactor 2. The supporting net 3 is used for placing catalyst particles and the mesh holes on the supporting net 3 are capable of allowing gas to pass through;

[0035] The full reaction mechanism 4 is used to make the reaction fully proceed. The full reaction mechanism 4 is arranged in the reaction shell 1. The full reaction mechanism 4 includes a driving assembly 41, a mounting seat 42, an elastic element 43, a connecting shaft 44, a push rod 45 and a push plate 46. The connecting shaft 44 is slidably connected to the reaction shell 1, the mounting seat 42 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting shaft 44, one end of the elastic element 43 abuts against the mounting seat 42, and the other end abuts against the reaction shell 1. The elastic element 43 is a spring. The push plate 46 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the connecting shaft 44, and the push rod 45 is arranged on the top surface of the push plate 46. The output end of the driving assembly 41 is transmission-connected to the mounting seat 42. The driving assembly Component 41 is used to provide power for accumulating elastic force of elastic element 43, push plate 46 can push gas to flow in the opposite direction, and push rod 45 is used to push the support to make the catalyst particles on the support net 3 thrown up. Through the design of full reaction mechanism 4, it can throw up the catalyst particles during the reaction process to increase the contact degree between the catalyst particles and the reactants, and can also make the catalyst particles evenly distributed, thereby improving the reaction efficiency and reaction sufficiency. Push plate 46 can push back the gas, on the one hand disturbing the gas and changing the distribution of the gas, on the other hand pushing the gas back to contact with the catalyst particles again, thereby making the gas that has not fully reacted react.

[0036] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the driving assembly 41 includes a rack 411, a gear 412 and a motor 413. The rack 411 is fixedly connected to the mounting seat 42, and the rack 411 extends vertically. The teeth of the gear 412 are distributed in a semi-arc shape, so that toothless segments and toothed segments are formed on the outer periphery of the gear 412. The teeth of the gear 412 are meshed with the teeth of the rack 411. The motor 413 is fixedly connected to the reaction shell 1, and the output end of the motor 413 is transmission-connected to the gear 412. The motor 413 is used to provide power for the rotation of the gear 412, and the output shaft of the motor 413 can be transmission-connected to the gear 412 through a gear transmission mechanism or a transmission belt.

[0037] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the support net 3 is a cone-shaped structure that shrinks inward from top to bottom. The support net 3 can gather the catalyst particles, making the catalyst particles easier to eject and facilitating the early preheating of the catalyst particles.

[0038] A plurality of limiting sliding sleeves 47 are arranged on the inside of the reaction shell 1 and are spaced apart in the vertical direction. The connecting shaft 44 is slidably arranged in the limiting sliding sleeves 47 . The limiting sliding sleeves 47 can guide the connecting shaft 44 .

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, a filter screen 5 is arranged in the reaction shell 1, and the filter screen 5 is arranged between the microchannel reactor 2 and the supporting net 3. The filter screen 5 can filter out impurities.

[0040] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the hydrogenation reactor also includes a temperature control mechanism 6, which is used to adjust the temperature of the catalyst particles. The preheating mechanism includes a water tank 61, a water pump 62, a heat exchange tube 63, a heating rod 64 and a refrigerator 65. The water tank 61 is fixedly connected to the reaction shell 1, and the water tank 61 is located outside the reaction shell 1. The water pump 62 is fixedly connected to the water tank 61. The input end of the water pump 62 is connected to the water tank 61, and the output end of the water tank 61 is connected to the input end of the heat exchange tube 63. The heat exchange tube 63 is located below the supporting net 3, and the heat exchange tube 63 is attached to the supporting net 3. The output end of the heat exchange tube 63 is connected to the water tank 61, and the heat exchange tube 63 is fixedly connected to the reaction shell 1.

[0041] like Figure 5 As shown, the heat exchange tube 63 includes a plurality of annular tubes 631 with gradually decreasing diameters and a plurality of connecting tubes 632 . The annular tubes 631 are sleeved in sequence and arranged coaxially. Two adjacent annular tubes 631 are connected via the connecting tube 632 .

[0042] In the process of accumulating elastic potential energy, in the initial state, the head end of the toothed segment of the gear 412 is meshed with the rack 411, the motor 413 is started, and the gear 412 rotates to move the rack 412 downward. At this time, the elastic element 43 accumulates elastic potential energy until it runs to the tail end of the toothed segment of the gear 412; in the process of releasing elastic potential energy, the gear 412 continues to rotate, the toothed segment of the gear 412 is disengaged from the rack 411, so that the rack 411 is disengaged from the fixation of the gear 412, thereby releasing the elastic element 43, and under the elastic force of the elastic element 43, the push plate 46 and the push rod 45 move upward, the push plate 46 pushes the gas flow, and the push rod 45 pushes the supporting net 3, so that the catalyst particles on the supporting net 3 are thrown up.

[0043] To preheat the catalyst particles, the heating rod 64 is started to heat the heat exchange medium in the water tank 61 so that it reaches the optimal catalytic temperature of the catalyst particles. The water pump 62 is started to input heat exchange fluid into the heat exchange tube 63 to heat the catalyst particles. In this process, the full reaction mechanism 4 is started to throw up the catalyst particles and change their internal and external distribution, thereby improving the uniformity of the temperature distribution of the catalyst particles.

[0044] During the preheating process of the catalyst particles, the reaction gas is introduced into the air inlet pipe 11 and the hydrogenation gas pipe 12 and continues to flow after being mixed by the microchannel reactor 2. The full reaction mechanism 4 is started to make the catalyst particles thrown up and the push plate 46 can push back the gas. On the one hand, it disturbs the gas and changes the distribution of the gas. On the other hand, it can push the gas back to contact the catalyst particles again, so that the gas that has not fully reacted can react; during the reaction process, since catalytic hydrogenation is an exothermic reaction, the temperature inside the reaction shell 1 will rise, the heating rod 64 stops heating, and the refrigerator 65 starts to reduce the temperature of the heat exchange medium, thereby maintaining the temperature inside the reaction shell 1.

[0045] A temperature sensor is also arranged in the water tank 61 , which is used to detect the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the water tank 61 , so as to control the opening and closing of the heating rod 64 and the refrigerator 65 .

[0046] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A microchannel-based hydrogenation reactor, characterized in that: include: A reaction shell (1) is provided with a microchannel reactor (2) at the top thereof; an air intake pipe (11) and a hydrogenation pipe (12) are connected to the top of the reaction shell (1); the output end of the air intake pipe (11) is connected to the input end of the microchannel reactor (2); the output end of the hydrogenation pipe (12) is connected to the input end of the microchannel reactor (2); the microchannel reactor (2) is used to mix the gas input from the air intake pipe (11) and the gas input from the hydrogenation pipe (12) and output the mixed gas to the reaction shell (1); and a discharge pipe (13) connected to the inner cavity is provided on the bottom surface of the reaction shell (1); A support net (3) which is fixedly connected to the reaction shell (1), the support net (3) being located below the microchannel reactor (2), the support net (3) being used for placing catalyst particles and having mesh holes thereon capable of allowing gas to pass through; A full reaction mechanism (4) is used to make the reaction fully proceed. The full reaction mechanism (4) is arranged in a reaction housing (1). The full reaction mechanism (4) comprises a driving assembly (41), a mounting seat (42), an elastic element (43), a connecting shaft (44), a push rod (45) and a push plate (46). The connecting shaft (44) and the reaction housing (1) are slidably connected. The mounting seat (42) and the bottom of the connecting shaft (44) are fixedly connected. One end of the elastic element (43) abuts against the mounting seat. (42), the other end of which is against the reaction shell (1), the push plate (46) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the connecting shaft (44), the push rod (45) is arranged on the top surface of the push plate (46), the output end of the driving component (41) is transmission-connected to the mounting seat (42), the driving component (41) is used to provide power for the elastic element (43) to accumulate elastic force, the push plate (46) can push the gas to flow in the opposite direction, and the push rod (45) is used to push the support to cause the catalyst particles on the support net (3) to be thrown up.

2. A microchannel-based hydrogenation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly (41) comprises a rack (411), a gear (412) and a motor (413); the rack (411) is fixedly connected to the mounting seat (42), and the rack (411) extends vertically; the teeth of the gear (412) are distributed in a semi-arc shape, so that a toothless segment and a toothed segment are formed on the outer periphery of the gear (412); the teeth of the gear (412) are meshed with the teeth of the rack (411); the motor (413) is fixedly connected to the reaction shell (1); the output end of the motor (413) is transmission-connected to the gear (412); and the motor (413) is used to provide power for the rotation of the gear (412).

3. A microchannel-based hydrogenation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting net (3) is in a cone-shaped structure that contracts inwards from top to bottom.

4. A microchannel-based hydrogenation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter screen (5) is arranged inside the reaction shell (1), and the filter screen (5) is arranged between the microchannel reactor (2) and the supporting net (3).

5. A microchannel-based hydrogenation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of limiting sliding sleeves (47) are arranged on the inside of the reaction shell (1) and are distributed at intervals in the vertical direction. The connecting shaft (44) is slidably arranged in the limiting sliding sleeves (47).

6. A microchannel-based hydrogenation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogenation reactor further comprises a temperature control mechanism (6), the temperature control mechanism (6) being used to adjust the temperature of the catalyst particles. The preheating mechanism comprises a water tank (61), a water pump (62), a heat exchange tube (63), a heating rod (64) and a refrigerator (65). The water tank (61) is fixedly connected to the reaction shell (1), and the water tank (61) is located outside the reaction shell (1). The water pump (62) is fixedly connected to the water tank (61). The input end of the water pump (62) is in communication with the water tank (61), and the output end of the water tank (61) is in communication with the input end of the heat exchange tube (63). The heat exchange tube (63) is located below the supporting net (3), and the heat exchange tube (63) is in contact with the supporting net (3). The output end of the heat exchange tube (63) is in communication with the water tank (61), and the heat exchange tube (63) is fixedly connected to the reaction shell (1).

7. A microchannel-based hydrogenation reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube (63) comprises a plurality of annular tubes (631) with gradually decreasing diameters and a plurality of connecting tubes (632); the annular tubes (631) are sleeved in sequence, and the annular tubes (631) are coaxially arranged; two adjacent annular tubes (631) are connected via a connecting tube (632).

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