Automatic casting equipment based on visual identification and operation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses automatic casting equipment based on visual identification and an operation method of the automatic casting equipment, and belongs to the technical field of casting. The automatic casting equipment comprises a rack, a heating furnace is fixedly connected to one side of the top face of the rack, a crucible is movably connected into the heating furnace, and a sand casting box is placed on the other side of the rack; the visual identification part is mounted on the support frame and is used for shooting and identifying a real-time image of the pouring gate; the movable part is fixedly connected to the supporting frame and comprises a moving mechanism, an opening and closing mechanism, a clamping mechanism and a rotating mechanism, and the moving mechanism, the opening and closing mechanism, the clamping mechanism and the rotating mechanism are jointly matched for clamping, moving and rotating the crucible; and the controller is used for receiving the signal generated by the visual identification part and controlling the movement of the movable part. Automation of the casting process is achieved, the labor burden of operators is relieved, the personal safety coefficient of the operators is increased, the operation process is simplified, the efficiency is improved, positioning is more accurate, the casting quality is improved, and the integration degree is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of casting, and in particular relates to an automatic casting device based on visual recognition and an operation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Casting is a common manufacturing process. In traditional casting processes, the positioning of the casting mouth mainly relies on manual operation. This manual positioning method has many disadvantages:

[0003] 1. Inaccurate positioning: Operators rely on experience and the naked eye to judge the location of the casting port, which is prone to deviations, thus affecting the casting quality and may cause product defects, such as uneven metal distribution and local material shortages.

[0004] 2. Low efficiency: The manual operation process is cumbersome and requires a lot of time for positioning and adjustment, resulting in low casting efficiency.

[0005] 3. The operator's safety factor is low: Manual positioning requires close-range operation, and the pouring liquid temperature is high. Any carelessness will cause irreversible impact on the operator's personal safety.

[0006] With the development of automation technology, visual recognition technology has been introduced into the casting process, which provides a possibility to solve the above problems. However, the existing technology has the following shortcomings:

[0007] 1. Low equipment integration: Related equipment is often composed of multiple independent components, and the coordination between the components is not smooth enough, resulting in poor stability and reliability of the entire system.

[0008] 2. Complex operation process: The existing casting equipment based on visual recognition requires professionals to perform complex settings and debugging. The operation is complicated, prone to errors, and not conducive to practical application.

[0009] Therefore, it is necessary to develop an automatic casting device and an operating method thereof with simple structure, convenient operation and precise positioning to overcome the defects of the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0010] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes an automatic casting device based on visual recognition and an operating method thereof.

[0011] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an automatic casting device based on visual recognition, comprising:

[0012] The frame comprises a base, a support frame is fixedly connected to the base, a heating furnace is fixedly connected to one side of the top surface of the base, a crucible is movably connected in the heating furnace, and a sand-turning box is placed on the other side of the base;

[0013] A visual recognition unit, installed on the support frame, is used to capture and recognize the real-time image of the casting port;

[0014] The movable part is fixedly connected to the support frame, and the movable part includes a moving mechanism, an opening and closing mechanism, a clamping mechanism and a rotating mechanism, and the moving mechanism, the opening and closing mechanism, the clamping mechanism and the rotating mechanism cooperate to clamp, move and rotate the crucible;

[0015] The controller receives the signal generated by the visual recognition part, recognizes the signal and sends a control instruction to the movable part according to the signal to control the movement of the movable part.

[0016] According to an automatic casting device based on visual recognition provided by the present invention,

[0017] The moving mechanism is fixedly connected to the frame, and the moving mechanism includes at least two groups of moving components;

[0018] The opening and closing mechanism is fixedly connected to the movable end of the moving mechanism;

[0019] The clamping mechanism comprises two connecting plates, the inner sides of the two connecting plates are both rotatably connected with clamping claws, a rotating shaft runs through the two connecting plates and the clamping claws, a connecting sleeve is arranged between the rotating shaft and the connecting plates, the inner wall of the connecting sleeve is slidably connected with the rotating shaft, the outer wall is rotatably connected with the connecting plates, and the rotating shaft is slidably connected with the clamping claws;

[0020] The rotating mechanism is fixedly connected to the moving mechanism, and the movable end of the rotating mechanism is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft.

[0021] According to an automatic casting equipment based on visual recognition provided by the present invention, the moving mechanism includes a left-right moving component and an up-down moving component, the left-right moving component is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame, the up-down moving component is fixedly connected to the movable end of the left-right moving component, and the movable end of the up-down moving component is fixedly connected to the opening and closing mechanism.

[0022] According to an automatic casting equipment based on visual recognition provided by the present invention, the left-right moving component includes a left-right moving motor and a belt group, the left-right moving motor drives the belt group to rotate, a first mounting plate is fixedly connected to the belt group, and the up-and-down moving component is fixedly connected to the first mounting plate.

[0023] According to an automatic casting equipment based on visual recognition provided by the present invention, the opening and closing mechanism includes an opening and closing motor, the opening and closing motor is connected to a bidirectional screw through an opening and closing worm gear module, both ends of the bidirectional screw are threadedly connected to an opening and closing plate, the movable end of the up and down moving component is fixedly connected to a second mounting plate, and the top of the opening and closing plate is slidably connected to the bottom of the second mounting plate.

[0024] According to an automatic casting device based on visual recognition provided by the present invention, the rotating mechanism includes a rotating motor, the rotating motor is fixed to the first mounting plate, and the rotating motor is transmission-connected to the rotating shaft through a rotating worm gear module.

[0025] According to an automatic casting device based on visual recognition provided by the present invention, the visual recognition unit includes a camera and an image processor, the camera is electrically connected to the image processor, and the image processor is electrically connected to the controller.

[0026] According to an automatic casting device based on visual recognition provided by the present invention, baffles are fixedly connected around the support frame, the baffles are made of transparent high-temperature resistant material, and a heat dissipation fan is fixedly connected to the baffles.

[0027] According to the automatic casting equipment based on visual recognition provided by the present invention, a moving wheel set is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base.

[0028] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an operation method of an automatic casting device based on visual recognition, which can be cross-referenced with an automatic casting device based on visual recognition provided by the present invention.

[0029] First, select the designed model and place it in the sand casting box or fix it into a model shape in the sand casting box;

[0030] Put the metal into the crucible and place the crucible in a heating furnace;

[0031] Start the heating furnace to melt the metal into liquid;

[0032] The visual recognition unit captures a real-time image of the casting port, recognizes the image data, generates coordinate data, and transmits it to the controller;

[0033] The controller receives the coordinate data of the visual mechanism group, generates a control instruction according to the coordinate data, and sends the instruction to the active part;

[0034] The movable part executes the command issued by the controller to move, moves to the top of the crucible, grasps the neck of the crucible and then rises to a safe position and moves to the top of the casting port. Then the movable part tilts the crucible, and pours the metal liquid in the crucible into the model through the casting port. After pouring, the crucible is returned to its original position.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0036] In the present invention, the position of the pouring port is identified by the visual recognition unit and the position coordinates are generated. The controller generates a series of instructions to control the activity of the movable unit according to the position coordinates, so that the movable unit can clamp the crucible and accurately move the crucible to the top of the pouring port, and control the crucible to flip, so that the metal liquid in the crucible is poured out of the crucible and enters the mold cavity of the sand box through the pouring port to achieve casting. The present invention realizes the automation of the casting process through the visual recognition technology in conjunction with the controller and the movable unit, reduces the labor burden of the operator, increases the personal safety factor of the operator, simplifies the operation process, improves efficiency, and more accurately locates the pouring port through visual recognition, so that the deviation during pouring is small, and the casting quality is improved. The moving mechanism, opening and closing mechanism, clamping mechanism and rotating mechanism in the movable unit are all controlled by the controller, cooperate with each other, work together to complete the pouring, and have a high degree of integration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic casting equipment based on visual recognition of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a side view of the automatic casting equipment based on visual recognition of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 It is a rear view of the automatic casting equipment based on visual recognition of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structures of the opening and closing mechanism, the rotating mechanism and the clamping mechanism in the present invention.

[0042] In the figure: 1. Heating furnace; 2. Sand casting box; 3. Crucible; 4. Opening and closing mechanism; 401. Opening and closing motor; 402. Opening and closing worm gear module; 403. Bidirectional screw; 404. Opening and closing plate; 5. Rotating mechanism; 501. Rotating motor; 502. Rotating worm gear module; 6. Up and down moving assembly; 7. Left and right moving assembly; 701. Left and right moving motor; 702. Belt group; 8. First mounting plate; 9. Clamping mechanism; 901. Connecting plate; 902. Clamping claw; 903. Rotating shaft; 904. Connecting sleeve; 10. Frame; 1001. Base; 1002. Support frame; 11. Controller; 12. Moving wheel group; 13. Visual recognition unit; 14. Second mounting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0045] Reference Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides an automatic casting device based on visual recognition, including:

[0046] The frame 10 includes a base 1001, a support frame 1002 is fixedly connected to the base 1001, a heating furnace 1 is fixedly connected to one side of the top surface of the base 1001, a crucible 3 is movably connected in the heating furnace 1, and a sand-turning box 2 is placed on the other side of the base 1001;

[0047] The visual recognition unit 13 is installed on the support frame 1002 and is used to capture and recognize the real-time image of the casting port;

[0048] The movable part is fixedly connected to the support frame 1002, and the movable part includes a moving mechanism, an opening and closing mechanism 4, a clamping mechanism 9 and a rotating mechanism 5. The moving mechanism, the opening and closing mechanism 4, the clamping mechanism 9 and the rotating mechanism 5 cooperate to clamp, move and rotate the crucible 3;

[0049] The controller 11 receives the signal generated by the visual recognition unit 13, recognizes the signal, and sends a control instruction to the movable unit according to the signal to control the movement of the movable unit.

[0050] In the present invention, the position of the pouring port is identified by the visual recognition unit 13 and the position coordinates are generated. The controller 11 generates a series of instructions for controlling the activity of the movable unit according to the position coordinates, so that the movable unit can clamp the crucible 3 and accurately move the crucible 3 to the top of the pouring port, and control the crucible 3 to flip, so that the metal liquid in the crucible 3 is poured out from the crucible 3 and enters the mold cavity of the sand box 2 through the pouring port to achieve casting. The present invention realizes the automation of the casting process through the visual recognition technology in conjunction with the controller 11 and the movable unit, reduces the labor burden of the workers, simplifies the operation process, improves efficiency, and the positioning of the pouring port through visual recognition is more accurate, so that the deviation during casting is smaller, and the casting quality is improved. The moving mechanism, opening and closing mechanism 4, clamping mechanism 9 and rotating mechanism 5 in the movable unit are all controlled by the controller 11, cooperate with each other, work together to complete the casting, and have a high degree of integration.

[0051] This embodiment provides an automatic casting device based on visual recognition.

[0052] The moving mechanism is fixedly connected to the frame 10, and the moving mechanism includes at least two groups of moving components;

[0053] The opening and closing mechanism 4 is fixedly connected to the movable end of the moving mechanism;

[0054] The clamping mechanism 9 includes two connecting plates 901, the inner sides of the two connecting plates 901 are both rotatably connected with clamping claws 902, a rotating shaft 903 passes through the two connecting plates 901 and the clamping claws 902, a connecting sleeve 904 is provided between the rotating shaft 903 and the connecting plates 901, the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 904 is slidably connected with the rotating shaft 903, the outer wall is rotatably connected with the connecting plates 901, and the rotating shaft 903 is slidably connected with the clamping claws 902;

[0055] The rotating mechanism 5 is fixedly connected to the moving mechanism, and the movable end of the rotating mechanism 5 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft 903 .

[0056] The moving mechanism can drive the opening and closing mechanism 4, the clamping mechanism 9 and the rotating mechanism 5 to move in three-dimensional space, and control them to reach the specified position; the opening and closing mechanism 4 drives the connecting plates 901 on the clamping mechanism 9 to move closer to or farther away from each other, and then drives the clamping jaws 902 to move closer to or farther away from each other, so that the clamping jaws 902 can pick up or put down the crucible 3; the rotating mechanism 5 can drive the clamping jaws 902 to rotate, and then drive the crucible 3 to rotate, so as to realize the flipping of the crucible 3 and pour out the metal liquid in the crucible 3.

[0057] The connecting sleeve 904 and the clamping jaw 902 can be connected to the rotating shaft 903 via a spline, and can slide horizontally. At the same time, the rotating shaft 903 can also drive the connecting sleeve 904 and the clamping jaw 902 to rotate.

[0058] This embodiment provides an automatic casting equipment based on visual recognition, and the moving mechanism includes a left-right moving component 7 and an up-down moving component 6. The left-right moving component 7 is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 1002, and the up-down moving component 6 is fixedly connected to the movable end of the left-right moving component 7. The movable end of the up-down moving component 6 is fixedly connected to the opening and closing mechanism 4.

[0059] The moving mechanism completes the movement in space through the mutual coordination of two-way or three-way displacement.

[0060] This embodiment provides an automatic casting device based on visual recognition. The left and right moving component 7 includes a left and right moving motor 701 and a belt group 702. The left and right moving motor 701 drives the belt group 702 to rotate. A first mounting plate 8 is fixedly connected to the belt group 702. The up and down moving component 6 is fixedly connected to the first mounting plate 8.

[0061] The left and right moving motor 701 drives the belt group 702 to move along the left and right direction of the support frame 1002, thereby driving the first mounting plate 8 on the belt group 702 to move left and right, and then driving the up and down moving component 6 and the opening and closing mechanism 4, the clamping mechanism 9, and the rotating mechanism 5 on the first mounting plate 8 to move left and right. The up and down moving component 6 can also drive the opening and closing mechanism 4, the clamping mechanism 9, and the rotating mechanism 5 to move up and down, and work together to realize the spatial position change of the opening and closing mechanism 4, the clamping mechanism 9, and the rotating mechanism 5.

[0062] The present embodiment provides an automatic casting device based on visual recognition, the opening and closing mechanism 4 includes an opening and closing motor 401, the opening and closing motor 401 is connected to a bidirectional screw 403 through an opening and closing worm gear module 402, both ends of the bidirectional screw 403 are threadedly connected to an opening and closing plate 404, the movable end of the up and down moving component 6 is fixedly connected to the second mounting plate 14, and the top of the opening and closing plate 404 is slidably connected to the bottom of the second mounting plate 14.

[0063] The opening and closing motor 401 drives the worm to rotate, the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate, and the worm wheel drives the bidirectional screw 403 to rotate, thereby making the opening and closing plates 404 on the bidirectional screw 403 approach or move away from each other to complete the opening and closing action. The worm gear transmission has a certain self-locking property, and the transmission is safer and more reliable.

[0064] This embodiment provides an automatic casting device based on visual recognition. The rotating mechanism 5 includes a rotating motor 501 . The rotating motor 501 is fixed to the first mounting plate 8 . The rotating motor 501 is transmission-connected to the rotating shaft 903 via a rotating worm gear module 502 .

[0065] The worm gear transmission has a certain self-locking property, making the transmission safer and more reliable.

[0066] This embodiment provides an automatic casting device based on visual recognition. The visual recognition unit 13 includes a camera and an image processor. The camera is electrically connected to the image processor, and the image processor is electrically connected to the controller 11.

[0067] The camera is used to capture and collect image information. The image processor receives the image information captured by the camera and uses an image recognition algorithm to identify the position of the casting port, generates coordinate data, and transmits the coordinate data to the controller 11.

[0068] This embodiment provides an automatic casting device based on visual recognition. The support frame 1002 is fixedly connected with baffles on all sides. The baffles are made of transparent high-temperature resistant material, and a heat dissipation fan is fixedly connected to the baffles.

[0069] The baffle made of transparent high temperature resistant material allows for real-time monitoring, and the cooling fan makes it easy to control the internal temperature.

[0070] This embodiment provides an automatic casting device based on visual recognition, and a moving wheel set 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base 1001.

[0071] The moving wheel set 12 facilitates the movement of the device.

[0072] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an operation method of an automatic casting device based on visual recognition, which can be cross-referenced with an automatic casting device based on visual recognition provided by the present invention. First, a designed model is selected and placed in a foundry box 2 or fixed in a foundry box 2 into a model shape;

[0073] Put the metal into a crucible, and place the crucible in a heating furnace 1;

[0074] Start the heating furnace 1 to melt the metal into liquid state;

[0075] The visual recognition unit 13 captures a real-time image of the pouring port, and the visual recognition unit 13 recognizes the image data to generate coordinate data and transmits it to the controller 11;

[0076] The controller 11 receives the coordinate data of the visual mechanism group, generates a control instruction according to the coordinate data, and sends the instruction to the active part;

[0077] The movable part executes the command issued by the controller 11 to move, moves to the top of the crucible 3, grasps the neck of the crucible and rises to a safe position and moves to the top of the casting port, and then the movable part tilts the crucible 3, pours the metal liquid in the crucible 3 into the mold through the casting port, and returns the crucible 3 to its original position after the pouring is completed.

[0078] This embodiment provides an automatic casting device based on visual recognition. When the crucible is turned over, the crucible is rotated 135° from a relative position, and this process takes 3 to 8 minutes.

[0079] The details not described in detail in the present invention are all conventional technical means known to those skilled in the art.

[0080] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0081] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic casting device based on visual recognition, characterized in that: include: A frame (10), a heating furnace (1) is fixedly connected to one side of the top surface of the frame (10), a crucible (3) is movably connected inside the heating furnace (1), and a sand-making box (2) is placed on the other side of the frame (10); A visual recognition unit (13), mounted on the frame (10), and used for capturing and recognizing a real-time image of the casting port; A movable part is fixedly connected to the frame (10), the movable part comprising a moving mechanism, an opening and closing mechanism (4), a clamping mechanism (9) and a rotating mechanism (5), the moving mechanism, the opening and closing mechanism (4), the clamping mechanism (9) and the rotating mechanism (5) being used together to clamp, move and rotate the crucible (3); A controller (11) receives a signal generated by a visual recognition unit (13), recognizes the signal, and sends a control instruction to the movable unit according to the signal, thereby controlling the movement of the movable unit.

2. The automatic casting equipment based on visual recognition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving mechanism is fixedly connected to the frame (10), and the moving mechanism comprises at least two groups of moving components; The opening and closing mechanism (4) is fixedly connected to the movable end of the moving mechanism; The clamping mechanism (9) comprises two connecting plates (901), the inner sides of the two connecting plates (901) are both rotatably connected with clamping claws (902), a rotating shaft (903) passes through the two connecting plates (901) and the clamping claws (902), a connecting sleeve (904) is provided between the rotating shaft (903) and the connecting plates (901), the inner wall of the connecting sleeve (904) is slidably connected to the rotating shaft (903), the outer wall is rotatably connected to the connecting plates (901), and the rotating shaft (903) is slidably connected to the clamping claws (902); The rotating mechanism (5) is fixedly connected to the moving mechanism, and the movable end of the rotating mechanism (5) is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft (903).

3. The automatic casting equipment based on visual recognition according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The moving mechanism comprises a left-right moving assembly (7) and an up-down moving assembly (6); the left-right moving assembly (7) is fixedly connected to the frame (10); the up-down moving assembly (6) is fixedly connected to the movable end of the left-right moving assembly (7); and the movable end of the up-down moving assembly (6) is fixedly connected to the opening and closing mechanism (4).

4. The automatic casting equipment based on visual recognition according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The left-right moving assembly (7) comprises a left-right moving motor (701) and a belt group (702), wherein the left-right moving motor (701) drives the belt group (702) to rotate, a first mounting plate (8) is fixedly connected to the belt group (702), and the up-down moving assembly (6) is fixedly connected to the first mounting plate (8).

5. The automatic casting equipment based on visual recognition according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The opening and closing mechanism (4) comprises an opening and closing motor (401), the opening and closing motor (401) is connected to a bidirectional screw (403) through an opening and closing worm gear module (402), both ends of the bidirectional screw (403) are threadedly connected to an opening and closing plate (404), the movable end of the up and down moving component (6) is fixedly connected to a second mounting plate (14), and the top of the opening and closing plate (404) is slidably connected to the bottom of the second mounting plate (14).

6. The automatic casting equipment based on visual recognition according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The rotating mechanism (5) comprises a rotating motor (501), the rotating motor (501) is fixedly connected to the first mounting plate (8), and the rotating motor (501) is transmission-connected to the rotating shaft (903) via a rotating worm gear module (502).

7. The automatic casting equipment based on visual recognition according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The visual recognition unit (13) comprises a camera and an image processor, the camera is electrically connected to the image processor, and the image processor is electrically connected to the controller (11).

8. The automatic casting equipment based on visual recognition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (10) is fixedly connected with baffles on all sides, the baffles are made of transparent high-temperature resistant material, and a heat dissipation fan is fixedly connected to the baffles.

9. The automatic casting equipment based on visual recognition according to claim 1, characterized in that: A moving wheel set (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the frame (10).

10. An operating method of an automatic casting device based on visual recognition, using the automatic casting device based on visual recognition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Firstly, a designed model is selected and placed in a sand casting box (2) or fixed in a sand casting box (2) into a model shape; Putting metal into a crucible, and placing the crucible in a heating furnace (1); Starting the heating furnace (1) to melt the metal into a liquid state; The visual recognition unit (13) captures a real-time image of the pouring port, and the visual recognition unit (13) recognizes the image data to generate coordinate data and transmits the coordinate data to the controller (11); The controller (11) receives coordinate data of the visual mechanism group, generates control instructions according to the coordinate data, and sends the instructions to the movable part; The movable part moves in response to the instruction issued by the controller (11), moves to the top of the crucible (3), grasps the neck of the crucible, rises to a safe position and moves to the top of the casting port, and then the movable part tilts the crucible (3), pours the metal liquid in the crucible (3) into the mold through the casting port, and returns the crucible (3) to its original position after the pouring is completed.

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