Combined hard alloy finishing broach

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of correction broaching tools, and discloses a combined hard alloy finishing broaching tool which comprises a tool body, the tool body is formed by combining a plurality of tooth-shaped tools and a plurality of annular tools, and the cutting edge part of each tooth-shaped tool is matched with a spline groove of an inner ring of a correction piece; the annular cutting edge of the annular cutter is matched with the spline inner ring surface of the correction piece inner ring, and the tooth-shaped cutters and the annular cutters are sequentially and alternately distributed in the axis direction; according to the combined type hard alloy finishing broach, the tooth-shaped cutters and the annular cutters which are distributed alternately are designed, in the movement direction of the finishing broach, the tooth portion sizes of the tooth-shaped cutters are sequentially distributed and designed from large to small, the sizes of the annular cutters are sequentially distributed and designed from large to small, and therefore the corrected cutting amount of each tooth-shaped cutter and each annular cutter can be reduced; one-time correction machining can be carried out on the correction piece so as to improve the correction machining precision and efficiency of the correction piece, meanwhile, the feeding difficulty is reduced, and the correction piece is prevented from being damaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of correction broaches, in particular to a combined hard alloy finishing broach. Background Art

[0002] Spline correction broaches are tools used to cut the inner ring splines of component products. Spline correction broaches include rough broaches and fine broaches.

[0003] When the spline correction broach is used to correct the inner ring spline of a component product, the cutting resistance is positively correlated with the cutting amount. When the material hardness of the component product is low or the internal material hardness is uneven, the traditional spline correction broach will cause plastic deformation or even damage to the component product due to excessive cutting amount. If the cutting amount is small, the component product needs to be corrected multiple times, and the spline correction processing efficiency of the component product will be greatly reduced. At the same time, the existing spline correction broach will leave tool marks when processing the spline groove of the component product, the spline groove correction processing accuracy is not high, and the correction processing effect is not good. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem that the cutting amount of the above conventional spline correction broach is too large, which causes the part product to be plastically deformed or even damaged, and if the cutting amount is small, the spline correction processing efficiency of the part product is low, and at the same time, the conventional spline correction broach will leave tool marks when processing the spline groove of the part product, and the spline groove correction processing accuracy is not high, the present invention is implemented through the following technical scheme: a combined carbide fine broach, including a tool body, the tool body is composed of a plurality of toothed knives and a plurality of annular knives, the blade portion of the toothed knife is adapted to the spline groove of the inner ring of the correction part, the annular blade of the annular knife is adapted to the spline inner ring surface of the inner ring of the correction part, and the plurality of the toothed knives and annular knives are alternately distributed in sequence along the axial direction;

[0005] Along the moving direction of the fine broach, the blade portions of the plurality of toothed knives decrease in size, and the sizes of the annular blades of the plurality of annular knives decrease in size.

[0006] Furthermore, the toothed knife and the annular knife are both made of cemented carbide materials.

[0007] Furthermore, the pressure angles of the toothed knife and the annular knife are both 20-45°.

[0008] Furthermore, the toothed knives and annular knives alternately distributed in the knife body are of an integrated design.

[0009] Furthermore, the fine broaching tool further comprises an integrated tool rod, an end of the integrated tool rod away from the movement direction of the fine broaching tool is fixedly provided with an assembly rod 1, and the tool body is assembled on the surface of the assembly rod 1;

[0010] A connecting groove is provided on the annular surface of the knife body close to the one-piece knife rod, and a connecting groove is also provided on the annular surface of the one-piece knife rod close to the assembly rod. A connecting key is provided between the one-piece knife rod and the knife body, and connecting blocks matching the connecting groove are provided on both sides of the connecting key.

[0011] A threaded portion 1 is fixedly provided at one end of the assembly rod 1 away from the integrated knife rod, a locking nut is threadedly installed on the surface of the threaded portion 1, and a gasket is provided between the locking nut and the knife body.

[0012] Furthermore, the plurality of alternately distributed toothed knives and annular knives in the knife body are all independently assembled unit entities.

[0013] Furthermore, the precision broach also includes a front rod, an assembly rod 2 and a rear rod, the tool body is assembled on the surface of the assembly rod 2, the surface of the rear rod is provided with a threaded portion 2, the surface of the threaded portion 2 is threadedly mounted with a locking nut, and a gasket is provided between the tool body and the locking nut.

[0014] Furthermore, a receiving rod is slidably arranged inside the front rod, the second assembly rod is axially slidably arranged inside the rear rod, the inner ring surfaces of the toothed knife and the annular knife are both provided with assembly keys, the surfaces of the second assembly rod and the receiving rod are both provided with key grooves, and the toothed knife and the annular knife are mounted on the surface of the second assembly rod or the receiving rod through the assembly keys;

[0015] When the knife body is in use, the toothed knife and the annular knife are assembled on the surface of the second assembly rod. When the toothed knife and / or the annular knife in the knife body needs to be replaced, the toothed knife and the annular knife are distributed on the surfaces of the second assembly rod and the receiving rod. At this time, the second assembly rod and the receiving rod can be separated.

[0016] Furthermore, a linear guide groove and a plurality of semi-annular limit grooves are axially provided on the surface of the front rod, the limit groove is connected with the linear guide groove, a limit column is fixedly provided on the surface of one end of the receiving rod along the movement direction of the fine broach, the limit column is adapted to the linear guide groove and the limit groove, and the limit column extends to the outside of the front rod through the linear guide groove or the limit groove;

[0017] A connecting cavity and a limiting bayonet are provided inside the receiving rod near one end of the second assembly rod, a limiting block is fixedly provided at one end of the second assembly rod near the receiving rod, the limiting block can enter the connecting cavity through the limiting bayonet, and when the limiting block is misaligned with the limiting bayonet, the second assembly rod is axially connected to the receiving rod;

[0018] A threaded rod is rotatably mounted inside the rear rod, and the threaded rod is threadably connected to the second assembly rod.

[0019] Furthermore, the distance between two adjacent limiting grooves is the same as the distance between two adjacent toothed knives or annular knives.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The combined carbide fine broach is designed with alternately distributed toothed knives and annular knives, and in the moving direction of the fine broach, the tooth sizes of several toothed knives are distributed in sequence from large to small, and the sizes of several annular knives are distributed in sequence from large to small. This can reduce the cutting amount of each toothed knife and annular knife correction, and can perform one-time correction processing on the correction part to improve the correction processing accuracy and efficiency of the correction part, while reducing the difficulty of feeding and avoiding damage to the correction part. The design of the blade part covering each tooth part of the entire toothed knife will not leave knife marks when correcting the spline groove, which can further improve the accuracy of the spline groove correction processing and have a good correction processing effect.

[0022] 2. The combined carbide fine broaching tool is designed with a tool body composed of several independently assembled toothed knives and annular knives. When a toothed knife or annular knife is damaged, it can be replaced separately to reduce the cost of tool body replacement. At the same time, through the combined design of the front rod, the receiving rod, the rear rod and the assembly rod, the damaged toothed knife or annular knife can be accurately positioned and replaced without destroying the assembly status of the remaining toothed knives and annular knives, which is conducive to improving the accuracy and efficiency of toothed knife or annular knife replacement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the assembly structure of the integrated knife bar and knife body in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the toothed knife structure in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the annular knife structure in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the distribution structure of the integrated knife rod and the assembly rod in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the assembly structure of the front rod, the second assembly rod, the rear rod and the blade body in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the toothed knife structure in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the annular knife structure in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the distribution structure of the front rod, the second assembly rod, and the rear rod in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Fig. 9 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the front rod structure in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the receiving rod structure in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.11 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the structure of the second assembly rod in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the pressure angle structure of the toothed knife and the annular knife of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution structure of the blade part in the toothed knife of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the correction part of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 100, correction part; 1, knife body; 2, toothed knife; 21, blade portion; 3, annular knife; 4, integrated knife rod; 41, assembly rod one; 42, threaded portion one; 401, guide tooth ring one; 5, connecting key; 6, gasket; 7, locking nut; 8, front rod; 81, linear guide groove; 82, limit groove; 801, guide tooth ring two; 9, receiving rod; 91, limit column; 92, connecting cavity; 93, limit bayonet; 10, rear rod; 101, threaded portion two; 11, assembly rod two; 111, limit block; 12, threaded rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] The embodiment of the combined carbide fine broach is as follows:

[0040] Embodiment 1:

[0041] See also Figure 1-Figure 4 , Figure 12-14A combined cemented carbide finishing broach comprises a tool body 1, which is composed of a plurality of toothed knives 2 and a plurality of annular knives 3. The blade portion 21 of the toothed knives 2 is matched with the spline groove of the inner ring of the correction member 100, and is used for correcting the spline groove of the inner ring of the correction member 100. The annular blade of the annular knife 3 is matched with the spline inner ring surface of the inner ring of the correction member 100, and is used for correcting the inner ring surface of the spline in the inner ring of the correction member 100. The plurality of toothed knives 2 and the annular knives 3 are alternately distributed in sequence along the axial direction. When the plurality of toothed knives 2 and the annular knives 3 move along the movement direction of the finishing broach, the spline groove and the spline inner ring surface in the inner ring of the correction member 100 are corrected several times respectively.

[0042] Along the moving direction of the fine broach, the blade portions 21 of several toothed knives 2 are reduced in sequence, and the annular blade sizes of several annular knives 3 are reduced in sequence. Both the toothed knives 2 and the annular knives 3 are made of cemented carbide materials. Cemented carbide is made of hard compounds of refractory metals and bonding metals through powder metallurgy. The toothed knives 2 and the annular knives 3 use cemented carbide to ensure their hardness requirements. The pressure angles of the toothed knives 2 and the annular knives 3 are both A, and the values ​​of A are 20°, 30°, 37.5° or 45°. The design of the pressure angle can ensure the transmission efficiency of the knife body 1 while ensuring the toothed knives 2 The reasonable axial distribution of the toothed knife 2 and the annular knife 3, the distribution design of the toothed knife 2 and the annular knife 3 can reduce the cutting amount of each toothed knife 2 or annular knife 3, and at the same time, the correction part 100 can be corrected once, which is beneficial to improve the correction processing accuracy and efficiency of the correction part 100, while reducing the difficulty of feeding, and avoiding plastic deformation or damage of the correction part 100. In addition, the blade portion 21 of the toothed knife 2 is distributed throughout each tooth portion of the toothed knife 2. When the toothed knife 2 performs progressive correction processing on the correction part 100, it will not leave knife marks in the spline groove, thereby improving the effect of the correction processing.

[0043] It should be noted that the toothed knives 2 and annular knives 3 alternately distributed in the knife body 1 adopt an integrated design, and the fine broaching knife also includes an integrated knife rod 4. An assembly rod 41 is fixedly provided at one end of the integrated knife rod 4 away from the movement direction of the fine broaching knife, and the knife body 1 is assembled on the surface of the assembly rod 41.

[0044] A connecting groove is provided on the annular surface of the knife body 1 close to the integrated knife rod 4, and a connecting groove is also provided on the annular surface of the integrated knife rod 4 close to the assembly rod 41. A connecting key 5 is provided between the integrated knife rod 4 and the knife body 1, and connecting blocks matching the connecting groove are provided on both sides of the connecting key 5. By setting the connecting key 5, the knife body 1 can be limited in the circumferential direction, so that the knife body 1 can be positioned and assembled on the surface of the assembly rod 41.

[0045] A threaded portion 42 is fixedly provided at one end of the assembly rod 41 away from the integrated knife rod 4, a locking nut 7 is threadedly installed on the surface of the threaded portion 42, a gasket 6 is provided between the locking nut 7 and the knife body 1, after the knife body 1 is assembled on the surface of the assembly rod 41, the locking nut 7 is cooperated with the threaded portion 42 to lock and fix the knife body 1.

[0046] A guide gear ring 401 is installed on the surface of the integrated tool rod 4. The teeth in the guide gear ring 401 correspond to the spline grooves on the inner ring surface of the correction part 100. The teeth in the guide gear ring 401 are inserted into the spline grooves on the inner ring surface of the correction part 100 that has been rough-machined to guide the subsequent fine broaching process.

[0047] Embodiment 2:

[0048] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that:

[0049] See also Figure 5-Figure 14 The several alternately distributed toothed knives 2 and annular knives 3 in the knife body 1 are all independently assembled unit individuals. The toothed knives 2 and annular knives 3 adopt an independent assembly design. When the blade of a toothed knife 2 and / or annular knife 3 in the knife body 1 is damaged, only the damaged unit individual needs to be replaced, without replacing the entire knife body 1.

[0050] The fine drawing tool also includes a front rod 8, an assembly rod 11 and a rear rod 10. The tool body 1 is assembled on the surface of the assembly rod 11. The surface of the rear rod 10 is provided with a threaded portion 101. The surface of the threaded portion 101 is threadedly installed with a locking nut 7. A gasket 6 is provided between the tool body 1 and the locking nut 7. After the toothed tool 2 and the annular tool 3 are assembled on the surface of the assembly rod 11, the locking nut 7 is used to cooperate with the threaded portion 101 to lock and fix the entire tool body 1.

[0051] A guide gear ring 801 is installed on the surface of the front rod 8. The teeth in the guide gear ring 801 correspond to the spline grooves on the inner ring surface of the correction part 100. The teeth in the guide gear ring 801 are inserted into the spline grooves on the inner ring surface of the correction part 100 that has been rough-machined to guide the subsequent fine broaching process.

[0052] It should be noted that a receiving rod 9 is slidably arranged inside the front rod 8, an assembly rod 11 is axially slidably arranged inside the rear rod 10, the inner ring surfaces of the toothed knife 2 and the annular knife 3 are provided with assembly keys, and the surfaces of the assembly rod 11 and the receiving rod 9 are provided with key grooves, and the toothed knife 2 and the annular knife 3 are installed on the surface of the assembly rod 11 or the receiving rod 9 through the assembly keys.

[0053] When the knife body 1 is in use, the toothed knife 2 and the annular knife 3 are assembled on the surface of the assembly rod 11. When the toothed knife 2 and / or the annular knife 3 in the knife body 1 needs to be replaced, the toothed knife 2 and the annular knife 3 are distributed on the surfaces of the assembly rod 11 and the receiving rod 9. At this time, the assembly rod 11 and the receiving rod 9 can be separated. The connection between the receiving rod 9 and the assembly rod 11 is moved to the position of the toothed knife 2 or the annular knife 3 that needs to be replaced, and then the receiving rod 9 and the assembly rod 11 are separated by a distance of one to two toothed knives 2 or annular knives 3 widths. At this time, the damaged toothed knife 2 or annular knife 3 can be removed and a new toothed knife 2 or annular knife 3 can be assembled. During the replacement process, the assembly state of the remaining toothed knives 2 and annular knives 3 in the knife body 1 is not easily destroyed, which is conducive to the rapid and accurate replacement of the toothed knives 2 or annular knives 3.

[0054] Specifically, a linear guide groove 81 and a plurality of semi-annular limit grooves 82 are axially opened on the surface of the front rod 8. The limit groove 82 is connected to the linear guide groove 81. The spacing between two adjacent limit grooves 82 is the same as the spacing between two adjacent toothed knives 2 or annular knives 3. A limit column 91 is fixedly provided on the surface of one end of the receiving rod 9 along the movement direction of the fine drawing tool. The limit column 91 is adapted to the linear guide groove 81 and the limit groove 82. The limit column 91 extends to the outside of the front rod 8 through the linear guide groove 81 or the limit groove 82.

[0055] A connecting cavity 92 and a limit slot 93 are provided inside the receiving rod 9 near one end of the assembling rod 11. A limit block 111 is fixedly provided at one end of the assembling rod 11 near the receiving rod 9. The limit block 111 can enter the connecting cavity 92 through the limit slot 93. When the limit block 111 is misaligned with the limit slot 93, the assembling rod 11 is axially connected to the receiving rod 9.

[0056] A threaded rod 12 is rotatably installed inside the rear rod 10 . The threaded rod 12 is threadably connected to the second assembly rod 11 . The axial movement of the second assembly rod 11 is controlled by rotating the threaded rod 12 .

[0057] Specifically, when the toothed knife 2 or the annular knife 3 needs to be replaced, the threaded rod 12 is rotated to make the assembly rod 11 slide toward the inside of the rear rod 10, and the receiving rod 9 is driven to move together, and the position of the limit column 91 sliding inside the linear guide groove 81 is judged to determine whether the connection between the receiving rod 9 and the assembly rod 11 has moved to the position of the toothed knife 2 or the annular knife 3 that needs to be replaced. When it has moved to the corresponding position, the limit column 91 will correspond to a limit groove 82. First, slightly turn the locking nut 7 so that the receiving rod 9 can Rotate. At this time, by rotating the limit column 91, the limit column 91 is matched with the limit groove 82. At the same time, the limit column 91 will drive the receiving rod 9 to rotate until the limit block 111 corresponds to the limit bayonet 93. At this time, continue to rotate the threaded rod 12 to separate the limit block 111 from the limit bayonet 93, and the receiving rod 9 and the assembly rod 11 will be separated until they are separated to the set distance. At this time, by rotating the locking nut 7, the locking state of the knife body 1 is completely released, and the damaged toothed knife 2 or annular knife 3 can be replaced.

[0058] Working principle of fine broach:

[0059] When using the fine broach to perform correction processing on the splines and spline grooves of the inner ring of the correction part 100, first make the tool body 1 coaxial with the correction part 100, and then use the guide gear ring 1 401 or the guide gear ring 2 801 to axially guide the tool body 1 so that the teeth of the toothed tool 2 correspond axially to the spline groove of the correction part 100.

[0060] The tool body 1 is driven axially to move. When the tool body 1 moves along the movement direction of the fine drawing tool, the toothed cutter 2 in the tool body 1 performs progressive cutting and correction processing on the spline groove in sequence from small to large, and the annular cutter 3 in the tool body 1 performs progressive cutting and correction processing on the inner annular surface of the spline in sequence from small to large. The toothed cutter 2 and the annular cutter 3 cooperate to complete the one-time correction processing of the spline groove and the spline on the inner annular surface of the correction part 100.

[0061] While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A combined cemented carbide fine broach, comprising a tool body (1), characterized in that: The knife body (1) is composed of a plurality of toothed knives (2) and a plurality of annular knives (3), the blade portion (21) of the toothed knife (2) is matched with the spline groove of the inner ring of the correction member (100), the annular blade of the annular knife (3) is matched with the spline inner ring surface of the inner ring of the correction member (100), and the plurality of toothed knives (2) and annular knives (3) are alternately distributed in sequence along the axial direction; Along the moving direction of the fine broach, the blade portions (21) of the plurality of toothed knives (2) decrease in size, and the annular blade sizes of the plurality of annular knives (3) decrease in size.

2. The combined carbide finishing broach according to claim 1, characterized in that: The toothed knife (2) and the annular knife (3) are both made of hard alloy material.

3. The combined carbide finishing broach according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure angles of the toothed knife (2) and the annular knife (3) are both 20-45°.

4. The combined carbide finishing broach according to claim 3, characterized in that: The toothed knives (2) and the annular knives (3) alternately distributed in the knife body (1) are of an integrated design.

5. The combined carbide finishing broach according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fine broaching tool further comprises an integrated tool rod (4), an end of the integrated tool rod (4) away from the movement direction of the fine broaching tool being fixedly provided with an assembly rod 1 (41), and the tool body (1) being assembled on the surface of the assembly rod 1 (41); A connecting groove is provided on the annular surface of the blade body (1) close to the integrated blade rod (4), and a connecting groove is also provided on the annular surface of the integrated blade rod (4) close to the assembly rod (41). A connecting key (5) is provided between the integrated blade rod (4) and the blade body (1), and connecting blocks matching the connecting groove are provided on both sides of the connecting key (5); A threaded portion (42) is fixedly provided at one end of the assembly rod (41) away from the integrated knife rod (4), a locking nut (7) is threadedly mounted on the surface of the threaded portion (42), and a gasket (6) is provided between the locking nut (7) and the knife body (1).

6. The combined carbide finishing broach according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plurality of alternately distributed toothed knives (2) and annular knives (3) in the knife body (1) are all independently assembled unit entities.

7. The combined carbide finishing broach according to claim 6, characterized in that: The precision broaching tool further comprises a front rod (8), a second assembly rod (11) and a rear rod (10); the tool body (1) is assembled on the surface of the second assembly rod (11); the surface of the rear rod (10) is provided with a second threaded portion (101); a locking nut (7) is threadedly mounted on the surface of the second threaded portion (101); a gasket (6) is provided between the tool body (1) and the locking nut (7).

8. The combined carbide finishing broach according to claim 7, characterized in that: A receiving rod (9) is slidably arranged inside the front rod (8), the second assembly rod (11) is axially slidably arranged inside the rear rod (10), the inner ring surfaces of the toothed knife (2) and the annular knife (3) are both provided with assembly keys, the surfaces of the second assembly rod (11) and the receiving rod (9) are both provided with key grooves, and the toothed knife (2) and the annular knife (3) are installed on the surface of the second assembly rod (11) or the receiving rod (9) through the assembly keys; When the knife body (1) is in use, the toothed knife (2) and the annular knife (3) are assembled on the surface of the second assembly rod (11); when the toothed knife (2) and / or the annular knife (3) in the knife body (1) needs to be replaced, the toothed knife (2) and the annular knife (3) are distributed on the surfaces of the second assembly rod (11) and the receiving rod (9), and at this time, the second assembly rod (11) and the receiving rod (9) can be separated.

9. The combined carbide finishing broach according to claim 8, characterized in that: A linear guide groove (81) and a plurality of semi-annular limiting grooves (82) are axially provided on the surface of the front rod (8), the limiting groove (82) is connected with the linear guide groove (81), a limiting column (91) is fixedly provided on the surface of one end of the receiving rod (9) along the movement direction of the fine broach, the limiting column (91) is adapted to the linear guide groove (81) and the limiting groove (82), and the limiting column (91) extends to the outside of the front rod (8) through the linear guide groove (81) or the limiting groove (82); A connecting cavity (92) and a limiting bayonet (93) are provided inside the receiving rod (9) near one end of the second assembly rod (11); a limiting block (111) is fixedly provided at one end of the second assembly rod (11) near the receiving rod (9); the limiting block (111) can enter the connecting cavity (92) through the limiting bayonet (93); when the limiting block (111) and the limiting bayonet (93) are misaligned, the second assembly rod (11) and the receiving rod (9) are axially connected; A threaded rod (12) is rotatably mounted inside the rear rod (10), and the threaded rod (12) is threadedly connected to the second assembly rod (11).

10. The combined carbide finishing broach according to claim 9, characterized in that: The distance between two adjacent limiting grooves (82) is the same as the distance between two adjacent toothed knives (2) or annular knives (3).

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