Method for preparing organic fertilizer from crops and prepared organic fertilizer

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of organic fertilizers, in particular to a method for preparing an organic fertilizer from crops and the prepared organic fertilizer thereof.The method comprises the steps that S1, crop straw is fed into a cutting-off box through a feeding pipe and cut into small sections through a cutting-off mechanism; s2, the small-section straw falls into the lower portion in the conveying pipe through a discharging pipe, and the small-section straw in the conveying pipe is spirally pushed upwards through a spiral plate I; s3, the small straw sections are dried when passing through the heating box; s4, the dried small straw sections are pushed into a crushing box, and powder is obtained after the straw sections pass through a crushing mechanism; s5, uniformly mixing the powder with other raw materials, and fermenting to obtain the organic fertilizer. Comprising a cutting-off box with a feeding pipe arranged on the front side, a discharging pipe is arranged at the lower end of the cutting-off box, a conveying pipe is obliquely fixed to the lower end of the discharging pipe, a smashing box is fixed to the rear end of the conveying pipe, and a discharging pipe is arranged at the lower end of the smashing box.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of organic fertilizers, in particular to a method for preparing organic fertilizers by utilizing crops and the prepared organic fertilizers. Background Art

[0002] Turning crop straw into organic fertilizer can not only solve the problem of agricultural waste straw, but also improve soil and increase soil fertility, which is of great significance to national food security and sustainable agricultural development. Since crop straw itself is in the shape of a rod, it needs to be crushed into powder and fermented to obtain organic fertilizer.

[0003] However, the existing processing method requires first using a cutting device to cut the straw into segments, then using a drying device to dry it, and finally using a crushing device to crush the dried small segments of straw into powder. During this period, the straw needs to be transferred, which affects the processing efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing organic fertilizer using crops and the organic fertilizer prepared therefrom, by using a processing device to process the straw in an integrated manner without the need for transfer, thereby improving the processing efficiency.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A processing device for preparing organic fertilizer using crops comprises a cutting box with a feeding pipe on the front side, a dropping pipe is provided at the lower end of the cutting box, a conveying pipe is obliquely fixed at the lower end of the dropping pipe, a crushing box is fixed at the rear end of the conveying pipe, a discharge pipe is provided at the lower end of the crushing box, a cutting mechanism is provided in the cutting box, a crushing mechanism is provided in the crushing box, a conveying shaft is rotatably provided at the lower end of the conveying pipe, a spiral plate I is fixed on the conveying shaft, a heating box is provided at the lower side of the middle part of the conveying pipe, a heating plate is provided in the heating box, and an exhaust box is provided at the upper side of the middle part of the conveying pipe.

[0007] The exhaust box is provided with an air suction pump.

[0008] The heating box is provided with an air blowing pump.

[0009] A through column slides through the lower end of the heating box, a flat plate is fixed on the upper end of the through column, a plurality of plug columns are fixed on the flat plate, and the plurality of plug columns penetrate the heating plate and the conveying pipe. An eccentric wheel rotates at the lower end of the heating box, and a spring I is provided between the plug column and the heating box to make the plug column press the eccentric wheel downward.

[0010] A plurality of stirring plates are fixed to the middle of the conveying shaft, and a spiral plate II is fixed to the rear end of the conveying shaft.

[0011] The cutting mechanism comprises circular side plates rotating on both sides of the cutting box, a plurality of arc cutters are evenly fixed circumferentially between the two circular side plates, a cutting shaft is rotatably passed through the centers of the two circular side plates, and a plurality of cutting blades are fixed on the cutting shaft.

[0012] The crushing mechanism comprises a crushing shaft rotating at the center of the crushing box, and a plurality of crushing knives are fixed on the crushing shaft.

[0013] An auxiliary roller rotates at the lower side plate of the feed pipe, a cross frame is fixed to the upper end of the feed pipe, a sliding column frame slides through the cross frame, a conveying roller rotates at the lower end of the sliding column frame, and a spring II is provided between the sliding column frame and the cross frame to make the conveying roller press the auxiliary roller downward.

[0014] The method for preparing organic fertilizer using the processing device comprises:

[0015] S1, feeding the crop straw into the cutting box through the feeding pipe, and cutting it into small sections by the cutting mechanism;

[0016] S2, the small straw segments fall into the lower part of the conveying pipe through the drop pipe, and the small straw segments in the conveying pipe are pushed upward by the spiral plate I;

[0017] S3, the small straw segments are dried when passing through the heating box;

[0018] S4, the dried small straw segments are pushed into a crushing box, and after passing through a crushing mechanism, powder is obtained;

[0019] S5. Evenly mix the powder and other raw materials, and ferment them to obtain organic fertilizer.

[0020] An organic fertilizer is prepared by using the method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 and Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a processing device for preparing organic fertilizer using crops;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a processing device for preparing organic fertilizer using crops;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutting box, feeding pipe, dropping pipe, conveying pipe, crushing box and discharge pipe;

[0024] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of ;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circular side plate, arc cutter, cutting shaft and cutter plate;

[0026] Figure 7It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the round side plate and the arc cutter;

[0027] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of spiral plate I and stirring plate;

[0028] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing shaft and the crushing knife;

[0029] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the auxiliary roller and the conveying roller;

[0030] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the plate and the plug column.

[0031] In the figure:

[0032] Cutting box 101; feeding pipe 102; dropping pipe 103; conveying pipe 104; crushing box 105; discharge pipe 106; horizontal frame 107;

[0033] Exhaust box 201; suction pump 202; heating box 203; blowing pump 204; heating plate 205;

[0034] Round side plate 301; arc cutter 302; cutting shaft 303; cutter plate 304;

[0035] Conveying shaft 401; spiral plate I 402; stirring plate 403; spiral plate II 404;

[0036] Crushing shaft 501; Crushing knife 502;

[0037] Auxiliary roller 601; slide column frame 602; conveying roller 603; spring II 604;

[0038] Plate 701; plug column 702; through column 703; spring I 704; eccentric wheel 705. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] like Figure 1-11 As shown, a detailed description of the processing device for preparing organic fertilizer using crops is provided:

[0040] A processing device for preparing organic fertilizer using crops, including a cutting box 101 with a feeding pipe 102 on the front side, a drop pipe 103 is provided at the lower end of the cutting box 101, a conveying pipe 104 is obliquely fixed at the lower end of the drop pipe 103, a crushing box 105 is fixed at the rear end of the conveying pipe 104, a discharge pipe 106 is provided at the lower end of the crushing box 105, a cutting mechanism is provided in the cutting box 101, a crushing mechanism is provided in the crushing box 105, a conveying shaft 401 is rotatably provided at the lower end of the conveying pipe 104, a spiral plate I 402 is fixed on the conveying shaft 401, a heating box 203 is provided at the lower side of the middle part of the conveying pipe 104, a heating plate 205 is provided in the heating box 203, and an exhaust box 201 is provided at the upper side of the middle part of the conveying pipe 104.

[0041] First, the crop straw is axially fed from the feed pipe 102 into the cutting box 101, and cut into small segments by the cutting mechanism; the small segments of straw fall into the lower part of the conveying pipe 104 through the drop pipe 103, and the conveying shaft 401 is driven by the first motor installed at the lower end of the conveying pipe 104, so that the conveying shaft 401 drives the spiral plate I 402 to rotate, thereby pushing the small segments of straw in the conveying pipe 104 upward in a spiral; the small segments of straw are heated and dried when passing through the heating box 203; with the continuous spiral push of the spiral plate I 402, the small segments of straw will continue to move upward in the conveying pipe 104 until they are dried and pushed into the crushing box 105, and after passing through the crushing mechanism, powder is obtained, thereby achieving the purpose of integrated processing of the straw without the need for transfer, thereby improving the processing efficiency;

[0042] Among them, a small straw filter is provided at the lower side of the cutting box 101 to ensure that the straw is cut into qualified small segments before entering the drop pipe 103, and a powder filter is provided at the lower end of the crushing box 105 to ensure that the powder is crushed into qualified powder before falling through the discharge pipe 106;

[0043] At the same time, a plurality of ventilation holes are provided at the connection between the conveying pipe 104 and the heating box 203 and the exhaust box 201 to ensure that small sections of straw will not leak out of the conveying pipe 104 while ensuring the smooth flow of gas; when drying, the heating plate 205 is started, and the heat of the heating plate 205 will be transferred to the small section of straw at that location through the conveying pipe 104, thereby heating the straw at that location, so that the straw can be dried quickly; moreover, the hot air generated by the heating will be discharged through the exhaust box 201.

[0044] Further:

[0045] By providing an air suction pump 202 on the exhaust box 201, air can be sucked into the heated straw at the corresponding position, so that the air flows quickly and the drying efficiency of the straw is improved;

[0046] Further:

[0047] By providing an air blowing pump 204 on the heating box 203, the heat of the heating plate 205 can be quickly blown into the straw, further allowing the straw to be dried quickly.

[0048] like Fig.11 As shown:

[0049] A penetrating column 703 is slidably passed through the lower end of the heating box 203, a flat plate 701 is fixed to the upper end of the penetrating column 703, a plurality of plug columns 702 are fixed on the flat plate 701, and the plurality of plug columns 702 pass through the heating plate 205 and the conveying pipe 104. An eccentric wheel 705 is rotatably provided at the lower end of the heating box 203, and a spring I 704 is provided between the plug column 702 and the heating box 203 to enable the plug column 702 to press the eccentric wheel 705 downward.

[0050] The eccentric wheel 705 is driven by a second motor installed outside the lower end of the heating box 203, so that the eccentric wheel 705 cooperates with the spring I 704 to push the plug 702 to be inserted into the heating box 203 reciprocally, thereby driving the plurality of plugs 702 to be inserted into the conveying pipe 104 reciprocally through the air holes on the conveying pipe 104 through the flat plate 701, while preventing the straw from blocking the air holes on the conveying pipe 104 at the heating box 203, due to the contact between the plug 702 and the heating plate 205, heat can be further delivered to the straw at that location, thereby further improving the drying efficiency of the straw;

[0051] Furthermore, when the insertion post 702 is inserted into the conveying pipe 104, the straws will also be moved, thereby creating gaps between the straws to facilitate air flow and further improve the drying efficiency.

[0052] like Figure 8 As shown:

[0053] A plurality of stirring plates 403 are fixed to the middle of the conveying shaft 401 , and a spiral plate II 404 is fixed to the rear end of the conveying shaft 401 .

[0054] By arranging a stirring plate 403 in the middle of the conveying shaft 401, the stirring plate 403 corresponds to the heating box 203, so that the straw at that location is stirred, thereby increasing the gap between the straws at that location, facilitating air flow, and further improving the drying efficiency;

[0055] By setting the spiral plate II 404, the spiral pushing of the dried straw can be further ensured.

[0056] like Figure 6-7 As shown:

[0057] The cutting mechanism includes circular side plates 301 rotating on both sides of the cutting box 101, a plurality of arc cutters 302 are evenly fixed circumferentially between the two circular side plates 301, a cutting shaft 303 rotates through the center of the two circular side plates 301, and a plurality of cutting plates 304 are fixed on the cutting shaft 303.

[0058] By means of a third motor installed on the side of the cutting box 101, the circular side plate 301 and the cutting shaft 303 are synchronously driven, so that the circular side plate 301 drives the arc cutter 302 to rotate along the inner wall of the cutting box 101, and cooperates with the lower side plate of the feeding pipe 102, so that as the straw enters along the feeding pipe 102, the straw is initially cut into segments, and the initially cut straw falls into the cutting box 101, and the rotating cutting plate 304 will chop the initially cut straw into pieces again until it falls into the drop pipe 103 to meet the requirements.

[0059] like Fig. 9 As shown:

[0060] The pulverizing mechanism includes a pulverizing shaft 501 rotating at the center of the pulverizing box 105 , and a plurality of pulverizing knives 502 are fixed on the pulverizing shaft 501 .

[0061] The fourth motor installed on the side of the crushing box 105 drives the crushing shaft 501 to drive the crushing knife 502 to crush the dried straw segments in the crushing box 105 to obtain straw powder.

[0062] like Fig.10 As shown:

[0063] An auxiliary roller 601 is rotated at the lower side plate of the feed pipe 102, a cross frame 107 is fixed to the upper end of the feed pipe 102, a sliding column frame 602 slides through the cross frame 107, a conveying roller 603 is rotated at the lower end of the sliding column frame 602, and a spring II 604 is provided between the sliding column frame 602 and the cross frame 107 to make the conveying roller 603 press the auxiliary roller 601 downward.

[0064] When the straw is fed into the cutting box 101 through the feed pipe 102, the fifth motor installed on the slide frame 602 drives the conveying roller 603, and the straw pushed to the conveying roller 603 and the auxiliary roller 601 will be clamped by the two, and pushed into the cutting box 101 through the rotation of the conveying roller 603, thereby forming an automatic uniform feeding of the straw, avoiding excessive feeding of the straw and affecting the cutting;

[0065] At the same time, the elastic force of spring II 604 ensures that the conveying roller 603 can clamp the straw.

[0066] like Figure 1-11 As shown:

[0067] The method for preparing organic fertilizer using the processing device comprises:

[0068] S1, feeding crop straw into the cutting box 101 through the feeding pipe 102, and cutting into small sections by the cutting mechanism;

[0069] S2, the small straw segments fall into the lower part of the conveying pipe 104 through the dropping pipe 103, and the small straw segments in the conveying pipe 104 are pushed upward by the spiral plate I 402;

[0070] S3, the small section of straw is dried when passing through the heating box 203;

[0071] S4, the dried small straw segments are pushed into the crushing box 105, and after passing through the crushing mechanism, powder is obtained;

[0072] S5. Evenly mix the powder and other raw materials, and ferment them to obtain organic fertilizer.

[0073] Further:

[0074] An organic fertilizer is prepared by using the method.

Claims

1. A processing device for preparing organic fertilizer using crops, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cutting box (101) with a feeding pipe (102) provided at the front side, a material dropping pipe (103) provided at the lower end of the cutting box (101), a conveying pipe (104) being fixed obliquely at the lower end of the material dropping pipe (103), a crushing box (105) being fixed at the rear end of the conveying pipe (104), a discharge pipe (106) being provided at the lower end of the crushing box (105), a cutting mechanism being provided in the cutting box (101), a crushing mechanism being provided in the crushing box (105), a conveying shaft (401) being rotatably provided at the lower end of the conveying pipe (104), a spiral plate I (402) being fixed on the conveying shaft (401), a heating box (203) being provided at the lower side of the middle part of the conveying pipe (104), a heating plate (205) being provided in the heating box (203), and an exhaust box (201) being provided at the upper side of the middle part of the conveying pipe (104).

2. A processing device for preparing organic fertilizer using crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust box (201) is provided with an air suction pump (202).

3. A processing device for preparing organic fertilizer using crops according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heating box (203) is provided with an air blowing pump (204).

4. A processing device for preparing organic fertilizer using crops according to claim 3, characterized in that: A through column (703) is slidably passed through the lower end of the heating box (203), a flat plate (701) is fixed to the upper end of the through column (703), a plurality of plug columns (702) are fixed on the flat plate (701), and the plurality of plug columns (702) pass through the heating plate (205) and the conveying pipe (104), an eccentric wheel (705) is rotatably provided at the lower end of the heating box (203), and a spring I (704) is provided between the plug column (702) and the heating box (203) so that the plug column (702) presses the eccentric wheel (705) downward.

5. A processing device for preparing organic fertilizer using crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of stirring plates (403) are fixed to the middle of the conveying shaft (401), and a spiral plate II (404) is fixed to the rear end of the conveying shaft (401).

6. A processing device for preparing organic fertilizer using crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting mechanism comprises circular side plates (301) rotating on both sides of a cutting box (101), a plurality of arc cutters (302) being evenly fixed in the circumferential direction between the two circular side plates (301), a cutting shaft (303) rotating through the centers of the two circular side plates (301), and a plurality of cutting plates (304) being fixed on the cutting shaft (303).

7. A processing device for preparing organic fertilizer using crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulverizing mechanism comprises a pulverizing shaft (501) rotating at the center of a pulverizing box (105), and a plurality of pulverizing knives (502) are fixed on the pulverizing shaft (501).

8. The processing device for preparing organic fertilizer using crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: An auxiliary roller (601) is rotatably mounted on the lower side plate of the feed pipe (102); a horizontal frame (107) is fixed to the upper end of the feed pipe (102); a sliding column frame (602) is slidably mounted on the horizontal frame (107); a conveying roller (603) is rotatably mounted on the lower end of the sliding column frame (602); a spring II (604) is arranged between the sliding column frame (602) and the horizontal frame (107) so that the conveying roller (603) presses the auxiliary roller (601) downward.

9. The method for preparing organic fertilizer using the processing device described in claim 1-8 is characterized in that: include S1, feeding crop straw into a cutting box (101) through a feeding pipe (102), and cutting the crop straw into small segments through a cutting mechanism; S2, the small straw segments fall into the lower part of the conveying pipe (104) through the dropping pipe (103), and the small straw segments in the conveying pipe (104) are pushed upward in a spiral by the spiral plate I (402); S3, the small straw segments are dried when passing through the heating box (203); S4, the dried small straw segments are pushed into a crushing box (105), and after passing through a crushing mechanism, powder is obtained; S5. Evenly mix the powder and other raw materials, and ferment them to obtain organic fertilizer.

10. An organic fertilizer prepared by the method according to claim 9.

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