Ox horn type multi-swirl combustion system

Abstract

The ox-horn-shaped multi-swirl combustion system comprises a piston component and an oil spraying component, the piston component is provided with a top face, a plurality of combustion chambers are formed in the top face, and each combustion chamber comprises a swirl combustion cavity coaxial with the top face and a plurality of ox-horn-shaped combustion cavities surrounding the swirl combustion cavity and communicating with the swirl combustion cavity; an oil distribution protrusion is arranged at the joint of the swirling combustion cavity and the ox-horn-shaped combustion cavity so as to guide fuel oil injected into the combustion chamber to flow towards the swirling combustion cavity and the ox-horn-shaped combustion cavity in a convolution mode, and a flow distribution protrusion is arranged in the ox-horn-shaped combustion cavity so as to guide the fuel oil injected into the ox-horn-shaped combustion cavity to flow towards the two sides in a convolution mode. A plurality of fuel injection holes are formed in the fuel injection component, and fuel is injected into the combustion chamber. The space in the combustion chamber is fully utilized, fuel oil is fully mixed with air in the combustion chamber, over-concentrated combustion of the fuel oil is avoided, and the condition of high-temperature oxygen-deficient combustion of the fuel oil is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of internal combustion engines, and in particular to a bullhorn-type multi-swirling combustion system. Background Art

[0002] With the development of automobile technology, higher requirements are placed on engine performance and emissions. Combustion system design is the key to improving fuel consumption and bare engine emissions. The fuel enters the cylinder in the form of injection and burns around the oil beam, which will cause high temperature and lack of oxygen. Therefore, in order to promote mixing, the piston combustion chamber of the compression ignition engine is mostly designed as a rotating body structure, and the throat structure is designed to divide the combustion chamber into two parts, the oil beam is guided by the throat position, flow separation is generated, mixing is promoted, efficient and clean combustion is achieved, and fuel economy and particulate emissions are improved.

[0003] Although the above-mentioned double swirl combustion chamber can effectively improve the oil-gas mixing quality compared with the traditional straight mouth, it cannot make full use of the top and peripheral space of the combustion chamber. In order to solve this problem and make full use of the space and air in the cylinder, some researchers have tried to use two combustion chambers to improve the oil-gas mixing. For example, application No. 202310306954.4 involves a diesel engine combustion chamber, a piston and a diesel engine. The diesel engine combustion chamber includes: a base, having a top surface; a first combustion chamber and a second combustion chamber, which are recessed on the top surface along a first direction; a partition boss, which is located between the first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber, and is continuous with the inner wall of the first combustion chamber and the inner wall of the second combustion chamber, and an oil separation ridge and a throttling ridge are arranged on the partition boss; the highest point of the throttling ridge is higher than the lowest point of the second combustion chamber; the highest point of the oil separation ridge is not higher than the highest point of the throttling ridge. The above diesel engine combustion chamber can make full use of the space and air in the cylinder, improve the combustion efficiency of the fuel, and reduce carbon soot particle emissions. In addition, because the fuel heats more space and working fluid in the cylinder under the same heat release, the generation of high-temperature areas is reduced, thereby effectively inhibiting the generation of NOx; the two-functional ridge separation boss also reduces the injection timing sensitivity and increases reliability.

[0004] However, the problem is that it cannot control the proportion and distribution of the fuel in the two combustion chambers, resulting in incomplete combustion of the fuel. In addition, the design is prone to fuel accumulation in the small area where the two combustion chambers are connected near the top dead center, resulting in uneven mixing there. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above technical deficiencies and propose a bullhorn-shaped multi-swirling flow combustion system to solve the technical problems of insufficient combustion and uneven mixing in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a bullhorn type multi-swirling combustion system, comprising: A piston component having a top surface, on which a plurality of combustion chambers are formed, wherein the combustion chamber comprises a swirl combustion chamber coaxially arranged with the top surface and a plurality of bull-horn combustion chambers surrounding the swirl combustion chamber and communicating with the swirl combustion chamber, wherein an oil separation protrusion is provided at the connection between the swirl combustion chamber and the bull-horn combustion chamber to guide the fuel injected into the combustion chamber to flow convolutively toward the swirl combustion chamber and the bull-horn combustion chamber, and a flow separation protrusion is provided in the bull-horn combustion chamber to guide the fuel injected into the bull-horn combustion chamber to flow convolutively toward both sides; and A fuel injection component is provided with a plurality of fuel injection holes for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber.

[0007] In some embodiments, the vortex combustion chamber is cylindrical, the oil separation protrusion is arranged on the inner wall of the vortex combustion chamber, and extends into the interior of the vortex combustion chamber, transitioning in an arc shape with the vortex combustion chamber, so that a first recess is formed on the inner wall of the vortex combustion chamber below the oil separation protrusion.

[0008] In some embodiments, the bottom inner wall of the swirl combustion chamber is provided with a central protrusion arranged around the central axis, and a central annular portion circumferentially recessed around the central protrusion, and the central annular portion smoothly transitions with the first recessed portion so that the cross-section of the swirl combustion chamber along the central axis is ω-shaped.

[0009] In some embodiments, a bevel transition is adopted between the oil separation protrusion and the opening of the combustion chamber.

[0010] In some embodiments, the bullhorn-shaped combustion chamber includes a main cavity radially opened along the top surface, and a first branch cavity and a second branch cavity connected to the end of the main cavity and extending obliquely to the radial sides of the top surface respectively, and the diverter protrusion is arranged on the inner wall of the end of the main cavity.

[0011] In some embodiments, the connection between the first branch cavity and the main cavity extends to form a first protrusion protruding relative to the inner wall of the main cavity. The first protrusion and the diversion protrusion make the first branch cavity form an inner concave cavity, thereby promoting the oil entering the first branch cavity to flow in a circular motion.

[0012] In some embodiments, the connection between the second branch cavity and the main cavity extends to form a second protrusion protruding relative to the inner wall of the main cavity. The second protrusion and the diversion protrusion make the second branch cavity form an inner concave cavity, thereby promoting the oil entering the second branch cavity to flow in a circular motion.

[0013] In some embodiments, the oil spray component includes a main body and a spray head, the spray head is fixed on the bottom of the main body, and a plurality of oil spray holes are formed on the spray head.

[0014] In some embodiments, a plurality of the oil injection holes are arranged in upper and lower layers on the nozzle, and the oil injection holes in the upper layer are staggered with the oil injection holes in the lower layer.

[0015] In some embodiments, the oil injection holes in the upper layer correspond to the bullhorn-shaped combustion chambers respectively, and are used to inject oil beams into the bullhorn-shaped combustion chambers; the oil injection holes in the lower layer correspond to the vortex combustion chambers, and are used to inject oil beams into the vortex combustion chambers.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the bullhorn multi-swirling combustion system provided by the present invention includes a piston component and an injection component, wherein the piston component has a top surface, and a plurality of combustion chambers are opened on the top surface, wherein the combustion chamber includes a swirling combustion chamber coaxially arranged with the top surface and a plurality of bullhorn combustion chambers surrounding the swirling combustion chamber and communicating with the swirling combustion chamber, and an oil separation protrusion is provided at the connection between the swirling combustion chamber and the bullhorn combustion chamber to guide the fuel injected into the combustion chamber to flow convolutively to the swirling combustion chamber and the bullhorn combustion chamber, and a flow separation protrusion is provided in the bullhorn combustion chamber to guide the fuel injected into the bullhorn combustion chamber to flow convolutively to both sides; the injection component is provided with a plurality of injection holes, and fuel is injected into the combustion chamber. When the piston moves to near the top dead center, the fuel is injected into the combustion chamber in the form of an oil beam through the injection component, and gasifies to form fuel vapor. After that, the fuel vapor will first contact the oil separation protrusion, and be split by the oil separation protrusion to form two parts, one of which is reflected downward by the oil separation protrusion and flows into the vortex combustion chamber, and the other part is reflected upward by the oil separation protrusion and flows into the bull-horn combustion chamber, and then contacts the split protrusion to form a convoluted oil beam to both sides. In this way, the fuel will not be concentrated in the vortex combustion chamber or the bull-horn combustion chamber, and the space in the combustion chamber is fully utilized, so that the fuel is fully mixed with the air in the combustion chamber, avoiding excessive concentrated combustion of the fuel, and improving the high-temperature oxygen-poor combustion of the fuel.

[0017] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail as follows with reference to the accompanying drawings. The specific implementation of the present invention is given in detail by the following embodiments and their accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bullhorn type multi-swirling combustion system provided by the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the piston component: Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fuel injection components.

[0019] Description of reference numerals: 1-piston component, 11-top surface, 12-combustion chamber, 121-vortex combustion chamber, 121a-first recess, 121b-center protrusion, 121c-center annular portion, 122-ox-horn combustion chamber, 122a-main cavity, 122b-first branch cavity, 122c-second branch cavity, 122d-first protrusion, 122e-second protrusion, 123-oil separation protrusion, 124-flow separation protrusion, 2-injection component, 21-main body, 22-nozzle, 23-injection hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] Most of the current internal combustion engine systems use a pit formed on the top surface of the piston base as the main space for fuel combustion. The pit formed on the top surface is the combustion chamber. The fuel beam sprayed from the hole-type fuel injector of the internal combustion engine enters the pit of the combustion chamber and performs a compression stroke as the piston moves upward. The fuel is gradually vaporized and mixed with the air in the pit to form a mixture. Finally, the combustion and expansion of the fuel push the piston downward to do work.

[0022] From the working process of the above-mentioned internal combustion engine, it can be known that after the fuel enters the combustion chamber pit, it is only fully mixed with the air in the combustion chamber pit, but is not thoroughly mixed with the air outside the combustion chamber pit, especially with the air outside the combustion chamber pit and above the top surface, which aggravates the situation of concentrated local combustion of the fuel, causing high temperature and oxygen deficiency during diesel combustion, and then producing a large amount of carbon soot particles and NOx.

[0023] Based on this, see Figure 1-3The present invention provides a bullhorn-type multi-swirling combustion system, comprising: a piston component 1 and an injection component 2, wherein the piston component 1 has a top surface 11, and a plurality of combustion chambers 12 are opened on the top surface 11, wherein the combustion chamber 12 comprises a swirling combustion chamber 121 coaxially arranged with the top surface 11 and a plurality of bullhorn-type combustion chambers 122 surrounding the swirling combustion chamber 121 and communicating with the swirling combustion chamber 121, an oil separation protrusion 123 is provided at the connection between the swirling combustion chamber 121 and the bullhorn-type combustion chamber 122 to guide the fuel injected into the combustion chamber 12 to flow convolutively toward the swirling combustion chamber 121 and the bullhorn-type combustion chamber 122, and a flow separation protrusion 124 is provided in the bullhorn-type combustion chamber 122 to guide the fuel injected into the bullhorn-type combustion chamber 122 to flow convolutively toward both sides; the injection component 2 is provided with a plurality of injection holes 23, due to the injection of fuel into the combustion chamber 12.

[0024] Specifically, when the piston moves to near the top dead center, the fuel is injected into the combustion chamber 12 through the fuel injection component 2 in the form of an oil beam, and is gasified to form fuel vapor. After that, the fuel vapor will first contact the oil separation protrusion 123, and be diverted by the oil separation protrusion 123 to form two parts, one of which is reflected downward by the oil separation protrusion 123 and flows into the vortex combustion chamber 121, and the other part is reflected upward by the oil separation protrusion 123 and flows into the bull-horn combustion chamber 122, and then contacts the diversion protrusion 124 to form a convoluted oil beam to both sides. In this way, the fuel will not be concentrated in the vortex combustion chamber 121 or the bull-horn combustion chamber 122, and the space in the combustion chamber 12 is fully utilized, so that the fuel is fully mixed with the air in the combustion chamber 12, avoiding excessive concentrated combustion of the fuel, and improving the high-temperature and oxygen-poor combustion of the fuel.

[0025] Specifically, the vortex combustion chamber 121 is cylindrical, and the oil separation protrusion 123 is arranged on the inner wall of the vortex combustion chamber 121 and extends into the interior of the vortex combustion chamber 121, and transitions into an arc shape with the vortex combustion chamber 121, so that a first recess 121a located below the oil separation protrusion 123 is formed on the inner wall of the vortex combustion chamber 121, and the oil beam performs vortex motion in the first recess 121a.

[0026] Furthermore, the bottom inner wall of the swirl combustion chamber 121 is provided with a central protrusion 121b arranged around the central axis, and a central annular portion 121c circumferentially concave around the central protrusion 121b, and the central annular portion 121c and the first concave portion 121a are smoothly transitioned, so that the cross section of the swirl combustion chamber 121 along the central axis is ω-shaped. In other words, the bottom of the swirl combustion chamber 121 is not flat, and the uneven bottom can appropriately interfere with the swirl motion of the fuel vapor in the swirl combustion chamber 121, so as to reduce the mixture suitable for NOx production.

[0027] Furthermore, the oil separation protrusion 123 and the opening of the combustion chamber 12 adopt an inclined transition.

[0028] Furthermore, the bullhorn combustion chamber 122 includes a main chamber 122a radially opened along the top surface 11, and a first branch chamber 122b and a second branch chamber 122c connected to the end of the main chamber 122 and extending obliquely to both sides of the top surface 11 in the radial direction, respectively, and the diverter protrusion 124 is arranged on the inner wall of the end of the main chamber 122. After the oil beam enters the main chamber 122a radially along the top surface 11, it flows toward the end of the main chamber 122, and after hitting the diverter protrusion 124, it is reflected toward the first branch chamber 122b or the second branch chamber 122c, and moves in the first branch chamber 122b or the second branch chamber 122c.

[0029] Furthermore, one end of the main cavity 122 close to the center of the top surface 11 is opened on the inclined surface.

[0030] Furthermore, the connection between the first branch cavity 122b and the main cavity 122 extends to form a first protrusion 122d protruding relative to the inner wall of the main cavity 122. The first protrusion 122d and the diversion protrusion 124 form the first branch cavity 122b into an inner concave cavity, which promotes the oil entering the first branch cavity 122b to swirl and mix it fully with the air.

[0031] Furthermore, the second branch cavity 122c is extended from the connection with the main cavity 122 to form a second protrusion 122e protruding relative to the inner wall of the main cavity 122. The second protrusion 122e and the diversion protrusion 124 form the second branch cavity 122c into a concave cavity, which promotes the oil entering the second branch cavity 122c to swirl and mix it fully with the air.

[0032] Specifically, the oil spray component 2 includes a main body 21 and a spray head 22 . The spray head 22 is fixed on the bottom of the main body 21 . A plurality of oil spray holes 23 are formed on the spray head 22 .

[0033] Furthermore, the bottom of the main body 21 forms a conical surface that matches and corresponds to the inclined surface.

[0034] Furthermore, the plurality of oil injection holes 23 are arranged in layers above and below the nozzle 22, and the oil injection holes 23 in the upper layer are arranged alternately with the oil injection holes 23 in the lower layer. The purpose of such a design is to avoid interference between oil beams and to cover a larger circumferential space as much as possible.

[0035] Furthermore, the oil injection holes 23 of the upper layer respectively correspond to the bullhorn-shaped combustion chamber 122 for injecting oil beams into the bullhorn-shaped combustion chamber 122 , and the oil injection holes 23 of the lower layer correspond to the vortex combustion chamber 121 for injecting oil beams into the vortex combustion chamber 121 .

[0036] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The bull-horn type multi-swirling combustion system provided by the present invention comprises a piston component and an injection component, wherein the piston component has a top surface, and a plurality of combustion chambers are provided on the top surface, wherein the combustion chamber comprises a swirling combustion chamber coaxially arranged with the top surface and a plurality of bull-horn type combustion chambers surrounding the swirling combustion chamber and communicating with the swirling combustion chamber, and an oil separation protrusion is provided at the connection between the swirling combustion chamber and the bull-horn type combustion chamber to guide the fuel injected into the combustion chamber to flow convolutively to the swirling combustion chamber and the bull-horn type combustion chamber, and a flow separation protrusion is provided in the bull-horn type combustion chamber to guide the fuel injected into the bull-horn type combustion chamber to flow convolutively to both sides; and a plurality of injection holes are provided on the injection component to inject fuel into the combustion chamber. When the piston moves to near the top dead center, the fuel is injected into the combustion chamber in the form of an oil beam through the injection component and gasified to form fuel vapor. After that, the fuel vapor will first contact the oil separation protrusion, and be split by the oil separation protrusion to form two parts, one of which is reflected downward by the oil separation protrusion and flows into the vortex combustion chamber, and the other part is reflected upward by the oil separation protrusion and flows into the bull-horn combustion chamber, and then contacts the split protrusion to form a convoluted oil beam to both sides. In this way, the fuel will not be concentrated in the vortex combustion chamber or the bull-horn combustion chamber, and the space in the combustion chamber is fully utilized, so that the fuel is fully mixed with the air in the combustion chamber, avoiding excessive concentrated combustion of the fuel, and improving the high-temperature oxygen-poor combustion of the fuel.

[0037] The specific implementation of the present invention described above does not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bullhorn type multi-swirling combustion system, characterized in that: It includes: A piston component having a top surface, on which a plurality of combustion chambers are formed, wherein the combustion chamber comprises a swirl combustion chamber coaxially arranged with the top surface and a plurality of bull-horn combustion chambers surrounding the swirl combustion chamber and communicating with the swirl combustion chamber, wherein an oil separation protrusion is provided at the connection between the swirl combustion chamber and the bull-horn combustion chamber to guide the fuel injected into the combustion chamber to flow convolutively toward the swirl combustion chamber and the bull-horn combustion chamber, and a flow separation protrusion is provided in the bull-horn combustion chamber to guide the fuel injected into the bull-horn combustion chamber to flow convolutively toward both sides; and A fuel injection component is provided with a plurality of fuel injection holes for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber.

2. The bullhorn type multi-swirling combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vortex combustion chamber is cylindrical, and the oil separation protrusion is arranged on the inner wall of the vortex combustion chamber and extends into the interior of the vortex combustion chamber, transitioning into an arc shape in the vortex combustion chamber, so that a first recess located below the oil separation protrusion and a second recess located above the oil separation protrusion are formed on the inner wall of the vortex combustion chamber.

3. The bullhorn type multi-swirling combustion system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom inner wall of the swirl combustion chamber is provided with a central convex portion arranged around the central axis, and a central annular portion circumferentially recessed around the central convex portion, and the central annular portion and the first recessed portion are smoothly transitioned so that the cross-section of the swirl combustion chamber along the central axis is ω-shaped.

4. The bullhorn type multi-swirling combustion system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The oil separation protrusion and the opening of the combustion chamber adopt an inclined surface transition.

5. The bullhorn type multi-swirling combustion system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bullhorn-shaped combustion chamber includes a main cavity radially opened along the top surface, and a first branch cavity and a second branch cavity connected to the end of the main cavity and extending obliquely to the radial sides of the top surface respectively. The diversion protrusion is arranged on the inner wall of the end of the main cavity.

6. The bullhorn type multi-swirling combustion system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connection between the first branch cavity and the main cavity extends to form a first convex block protruding relative to the inner wall of the main cavity. The first convex block and the diversion protrusion make the first branch cavity form an inner concave cavity, which promotes the oil entering the first branch cavity to flow in a circular motion.

7. The bullhorn type multi-swirling combustion system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second branch cavity and the main cavity are connected at a point extending to form a second convex block protruding relative to the inner wall of the main cavity. The second convex block and the diversion protrusion make the second branch cavity form an inner concave cavity, thereby promoting the oil entering the second branch cavity to flow in a circular motion.

8. The bullhorn type multi-swirling combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil spray component comprises a main body and a spray head, wherein the spray head is fixed on the bottom of the main body, and a plurality of oil spray holes are formed on the spray head.

9. The bullhorn type multi-swirling combustion system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The plurality of oil injection holes are arranged in layers on the nozzle, and the oil injection holes on the upper layer are arranged alternately with the oil injection holes on the lower layer.

10. The bullhorn type multi-swirling combustion system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The oil injection holes in the upper layer correspond to the bull-horn combustion chambers respectively and are used to inject oil beams into the bull-horn combustion chambers. The oil injection holes in the lower layer correspond to the swirl combustion chambers and are used to inject oil beams into the swirl combustion chambers.

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