Virtual power plant carbon asset management method and system considering carbon flow model

Abstract

The invention discloses a virtual power plant carbon asset management method and system considering a carbon flow model, and belongs to the field of virtual power plant carbon asset management. The method comprises the following steps: determining a carbon emission accounting boundary in a virtual power plant system, and establishing a carbon emission relative quantity model of a virtual power plant; calculating the real-time carbon emission intensity of the regional power grid based on the carbon emission relative quantity model of the virtual power plant, and establishing a fixed-period carbon emission model of the virtual power plant; under a carbon perspective, constructing a unified carbon flow model of the virtual power plant to evaluate a green operation condition of the virtual power plant; based on a fixed-period carbon emission model of the virtual power plant, carbon emission minimization of the virtual power plant is taken as a target, a unified carbon flow model of the virtual power plant is combined, a carbon quota is solved, an economic operation carbon transaction cost model of the virtual power plant is constructed, carbon assets are managed, real-time carbon emission in the virtual power plant can be more accurately metered, and the real-time carbon emission of the virtual power plant can be more accurately metered. And carbon transaction in the carbon market is participated, and green operation of the virtual power plant is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of carbon asset management of virtual power plants, and in particular relates to a carbon asset management method and system for virtual power plants considering a carbon flow model. Background Art

[0002] The carbon emission accounting method and zero-carbon evaluation model of virtual power plants have important practical significance for the planning and construction of the "zero-carbon" goal. In the construction of virtual power plants, key factors that need to be considered include the carbon emission accounting method, the scope of carbon emission and carbon sink accounting, and the accounting elements of carbon emission and carbon sink.

[0003] At present, the current standards usually use macro-statistical methods to calculate the greenhouse gas emissions of industrial parks, which has the problems of long calculation cycle and single time scale. However, with the widespread access of distributed power generation on the user side and the advancement of efficient energy conversion device technology, the resource flexibility of industrial parks has been further improved. The research on carbon emissions of integrated energy systems needs to find more flexible and changeable measurement indicators and accounting methods to cover a wide range of time scales. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a method for calculating carbon emissions in a fixed period of time in an integrated energy system to provide theoretical support for the planning of low-carbon operation of virtual power plants, better achieve the goal of precise emission reduction, and promote the promotion of the carbon trading market. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a virtual power plant carbon asset management method and system taking into account a carbon flow model, thereby solving the problems in the prior art.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A virtual power plant carbon asset management method considering a carbon flow model comprises the following steps:

[0007] Determine the carbon emission accounting boundary in the virtual power plant system and establish a relative carbon emission model for the virtual power plant;

[0008] Based on the relative carbon emission model of virtual power plants, the real-time carbon emission intensity of the regional power grid is calculated, and a carbon emission model for virtual power plants at fixed time periods is established;

[0009] From a carbon perspective, a unified carbon flow model of virtual power plants is constructed to evaluate the green operating conditions of virtual power plants.

[0010] Based on the fixed-period carbon emission model of virtual power plants, with the goal of minimizing carbon emissions from virtual power plants, and combined with the unified carbon flow model of virtual power plants, the carbon quota is solved to construct a carbon trading cost model for the economic operation of virtual power plants and manage carbon assets.

[0011] Furthermore, when calculating the carbon emission accounting boundary, carbon emissions are divided into three parts, including:

[0012] Scope 1: Direct greenhouse gas emissions;

[0013] Scope 2: Indirect greenhouse gas emissions from electricity generation;

[0014] Scope 3: Other indirect greenhouse gas emissions.

[0015] Furthermore, the relative carbon emission model of the virtual power plant is:

[0016]

[0017] Where: P grid and P' grid are the total power load of the external power grid in the benchmark scenario and the actual scenario respectively; P buy is the purchased power from the grid, P sell is the power sold. In this model, the power purchase and power sales periods do not overlap. N is the number of carbon-emitting units in the virtual power plant. i 、E i are the energy supply power and carbon emission intensity of the carbon emission unit respectively; E grid The real-time carbon emission intensity of the regional power grid.

[0018] Furthermore, the real-time carbon emission intensity E of the regional power grid grid (t) is calculated as:

[0019]

[0020] Where: α x，t , β y，t represents the output ratio coefficient of carbon-emitting units and non-carbon-emitting units in the power grid at time t; ω x , x∈Γ represents the carbon emission intensity of the carbon emission unit; ω y , y∈Θ represents the carbon emission intensity of power generation of non-carbon emission units.

[0021] Furthermore, the time-period carbon emission model of the virtual power plant is:

[0022]

[0023] Where P ex (t) is the interactive power between the virtual power plant and the grid at time t. ex When it is positive, it means that the virtual power plant purchases electricity from the external power grid, resulting in an increase in carbon emissions in the virtual power plant; when P ex When P is negative, the green power surplus in the virtual power plant can be sold to the outside, which is equivalent to increasing the negative power consumption; ex (t)E grid(t) Carbon emissions caused by external system interactions and falling within Scope 2; i (t)E i Carbon emissions caused by internal self-generation and self-use belong to Scope 1; N is the number of carbon-emitting units in the virtual power plant; T represents a certain period of time when purchasing electricity from and selling electricity to the outside.

[0024] Furthermore, the unified carbon flow model of the virtual power plant is:

[0025]

[0026] In the formula, e n is the node carbon potential, R is the branch carbon flow rate, N+ is the set of all branches connected to node n and with flow inflow, F is the cumulative carbon emission of the carbon flow caused by the energy flow of a branch, ρ is the branch carbon flow density, and P is the branch active flow.

[0027] Furthermore, the carbon trading cost model for economic operation of the virtual power plant is:

[0028] F k，t =K CO2 (R ∑，T -E q )

[0029]

[0030] In the formula, F K，t is the carbon trading cost, K CO2 is the reward or penalty amount per unit of carbon emissions, E q is the system carbon quota; T and λ U are the carbon quota coefficients of gas turbines and power grids respectively; P i (t) is the power generation capacity of the nth gas turbine at time t.

[0031] A virtual power plant carbon asset management system considering a carbon flow model, comprising:

[0032] Carbon emission relative quantity model building module: determine the carbon emission accounting boundary in the virtual power plant system and establish the carbon emission relative quantity model of the virtual power plant;

[0033] Carbon emission model construction module for fixed periods of time: Based on the carbon emission relative quantity model of the virtual power plant, the real-time carbon emission intensity of the regional power grid is calculated, and a carbon emission model for the virtual power plant for fixed periods of time is established;

[0034] Carbon flow model building module: From a carbon perspective, a unified carbon flow model of virtual power plants is built to evaluate the green operating conditions of virtual power plants;

[0035] In addition, the carbon trading cost model construction module is based on the virtual power plant's fixed-time carbon emission model, with the goal of minimizing the virtual power plant's carbon emissions, and combined with the virtual power plant's unified carbon flow model to solve the carbon quota, to build a virtual power plant economic operation carbon trading cost model and manage carbon assets.

[0036] A computer storage medium stores a readable program, which, when running, can execute the above-mentioned virtual power plant carbon asset management method considering the carbon flow model.

[0037] An electronic device, comprising: a processor, a memory, a communication interface and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the memory and the communication interface communicate with each other through the communication bus;

[0038] The memory is used to store at least one executable instruction, and the executable instruction enables the processor to perform operations corresponding to the above-mentioned virtual power plant carbon asset management method considering the carbon flow model.

[0039] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0040] By constructing a fixed-time carbon emission model for virtual power plants and a unified carbon flow model for virtual power plants, we can more accurately measure the real-time carbon emissions in virtual power plants, participate in carbon trading in the carbon market, achieve green operation of virtual power plants, provide theoretical support for the planning of low-carbon operation of virtual power plants, better achieve the goal of precise emission reduction, and help promote the carbon trading market. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0042] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the virtual power plant carbon asset management method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] like Figure 1As shown, a virtual power plant carbon asset management method considering a carbon flow model includes the following steps:

[0046] S1, determine the carbon emission accounting boundary in the virtual power plant system and establish a relative carbon emission model for the virtual power plant;

[0047] In order to accurately measure carbon emissions in the system and avoid the problem of repeated measurement of carbon emissions, the Greenhouse Gas Protocol proposes the concepts of carbon emission scope 1, scope 2, and scope 3. For a system where resources are dispatched by a virtual power plant, system carbon emissions are divided into three parts: scope 1: direct greenhouse gas emissions; scope 2: indirect greenhouse gas emissions generated by electricity; scope 3: other indirect greenhouse gas emissions.

[0048] Among them, the carbon emissions in scope 1 come from emission sources owned or controlled within the system, and can be directly calculated by the measurement method of direct carbon emissions. Scope 2 emissions refer to the indirect emissions related to the imported electricity and heat consumed by activities within the system boundary, that is, the indirect carbon emissions of virtual power plants that need to be considered. Imports refer to the transfer from outside the system boundary to the boundary, and the relevant energy is used for internal consumption. Exports refer to the transfer from within the system boundary to outside the boundary. Net imports refer to the amount of imports minus the amount of exports.

[0049] When establishing a carbon emission model for a virtual power plant, it is necessary to avoid the problem of double counting. It is assumed that the self-generation and self-consumption behaviors within the virtual power plant are not indirect greenhouse gas emissions, that is, only the scope 1 carbon emissions of the generators within the object are considered. At the same time, scope 2 emissions only occur during the energy interaction between the object and the external system, that is, the buying and selling of electricity and heat. When the accounting object becomes an independent corporate user within the system, all the electricity it purchases from photovoltaics and external power grids are indirect emissions of its scope 2 carbon emissions. At this time, the accounting object has no scope 1 emissions.

[0050] For an electricity producer, scope 1 emissions can be counted as scope 2 emissions for the end user of electricity, so ownership of scope 1 or scope 2 cannot be claimed at the same time. For virtual power plants, different accounting systems need to calculate different carbon emission scopes: if only accounting is done for power producers, there is only scope 1; if only accounting is done for the user side, there is only scope 2; if it is a system composed of power producers and users, there is only scope 1, because the power source is also inside the system at this time, and can only be considered as direct carbon emissions. This calculation method avoids the problem of repeated calculations. When a virtual power plant outputs power to the outside, the carbon emissions that the accounting unit needs to measure belong to scope 1; when a virtual power plant needs to take power from the outside, that is, for a load-type virtual power plant, the carbon emissions caused by its use of external power belong to scope 2, and both scopes 1 and 2 need to be considered when measuring carbon.

[0051] By calculating the sum of carbon emissions and carbon sinks, a relative carbon emission model of the virtual power plant is constructed:

[0052]

[0053] Where: P grid and P′ grid are the total power load of the external power grid in the benchmark scenario and the actual scenario respectively; P buy is the purchased power from the grid, P sell is the power sold. In this model, the power purchase and power sales periods do not overlap. N is the number of carbon-emitting units in the virtual power plant. i 、E i are the energy supply power and carbon emission intensity of the carbon emission unit respectively; E grid It is the real-time carbon emission intensity of the regional power grid, in kgCO2 / kWh.

[0054] S2, based on the carbon emission relative amount model of the virtual power plant established in S1, calculate the real-time carbon emission intensity of the regional power grid and establish a carbon emission model for the virtual power plant at regular time periods;

[0055] The calculation methods of real-time carbon intensity usually involve real-time monitoring and quantification of carbon dioxide emissions generated by specific activities or processes. These methods can be based on different data and technical levels, from simple emission factor methods to more complex real-time monitoring technologies. In this model, the real-time carbon intensity of the regional power grid E grid (t) is calculated as:

[0056]

[0057] Where: α x，t , β y，t represents the output ratio coefficient of carbon-emitting units and non-carbon-emitting units in the power grid at time t; ω x , x∈Γ represents the carbon emission intensity of power generation from carbon emission units such as thermal power, gas turbines, and biomass energy; ω y , y∈Θ represents the carbon emission intensity of non-carbon emission units such as hydropower, wind power, photovoltaic, and nuclear power.

[0058] The buying and selling power of the virtual power plant and the power grid are the same absolute quantity P ex Indicates that the positive and negative values ​​represent the direction of energy flow. By setting negative values ​​to sell and positive values ​​to buy, a time-period carbon emission model for a virtual power plant can be established:

[0059]

[0060] Where P ex (t) is the interactive power between the virtual power plant and the grid at time t. exWhen it is positive, it means that the virtual power plant purchases electricity from the external power grid, resulting in an increase in carbon emissions in the virtual power plant; when P ex When P is negative, the green power surplus in the virtual power plant can be sold to the outside, which is equivalent to increasing the negative power consumption, thus causing negative carbon emissions, that is, carbon emission reduction; in this model, P ex (t)E grid (t) Carbon emissions caused by external system interactions and falling within Scope 2; i (t)E i Carbon emissions caused by internal self-generation and self-use belong to Scope 1; N is the number of carbon-emitting units in the virtual power plant; T represents a certain period of time when purchasing electricity from and selling electricity to the outside.

[0061] S3, from a carbon perspective, build a unified carbon flow model for virtual power plants to evaluate the green operation conditions of virtual power plants;

[0062] The traditional carbon emission factor statistical method has certain limitations and has a large time lag. It separates the carbon emission measurement from the essential source of carbon emissions on the electricity consumption side, making it impossible to clearly allocate the responsibility for carbon reduction to all parties in the energy system. Therefore, the carbon flow analysis method based on the carbon flow of the energy system is introduced. The carbon emission flow of the energy system is defined as a virtual network flow, which exists at the same time as the flow and characterizes the carbon emissions caused by any branch flow in the system, referred to as carbon flow. The calculation of carbon emissions based on the carbon flow theory is to add a carbon emission label to each branch flow of the system through a specific calculation method, so that the two have a dependent relationship. In this theoretical system, the actual carbon emissions start from energy supply nodes such as power plants, and are transmitted in the system with the energy flow, and finally flow into the user side with the user's energy consumption behavior, and at the same time, the responsibility for carbon emissions is transmitted to the energy user.

[0063] By analyzing the differential relationship between branch carbon flow and branch carbon flow density, we can get the relationship between active power flow and current in power flow calculation. Therefore, the carbon flow index can be compared with power flow analysis, and the three indicators of carbon emission analysis can be derived: carbon emission rate, carbon emission amount and carbon emission intensity.

[0064] The branch carbon flow rate R is defined as the carbon flow rate flowing through a branch per unit time, which is numerically equal to the derivative of the branch carbon flow rate with respect to time, and the unit is kgCO2 / s or tCO2 / h. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0065]

[0066] Where F is the cumulative carbon emission of the carbon flow caused by the energy flow of a certain branch;

[0067] The carbon flow of the energy system is a label of the branch flow, so there is a close connection between carbon flow and flow. The ratio of the carbon flow rate and active flow of any branch in the system is defined as the branch carbon flow density ρ, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0068]

[0069] Where P is the branch active power flow.

[0070] In the energy system, both the power generator and the power user are in the system node, so the physical quantity system node carbon potential is used to characterize the node carbon emission intensity. The node carbon potential is defined as the ratio of the sum of the carbon flow rate and the sum of the power on all branches connected to the node and with flow inflow, and the symbol is e. To construct a unified carbon flow model for a virtual power plant, the node carbon potential e of node n is n It is expressed as:

[0071]

[0072] Where N+ is the set of all branches connected to node n and with flow flowing into it.

[0073] By using the analogy between the physical quantities of carbon flow analysis and the physical quantities of power flow, a unified carbon flow model coupled with energy flow is constructed. CO2 emissions are driven by user-side consumption, so the carbon emission flow will be used as a concrete indicator of carbon emission responsibility. It is generated by power generation / heating equipment, flows from the power generation side to the load node or is connected to the grid and sold to the large power grid, and finally the real-time carbon emissions caused by each load node are obtained. The optimal node carbon potential E* and the optimal branch carbon flow R* in the virtual power plant can be solved.

[0074] S4, based on the virtual power plant fixed-time carbon emission model constructed in S2, takes minimizing the carbon emission of the virtual power plant as the goal, and combines the unified carbon flow model of the virtual power plant constructed in S3 to solve the carbon quota and construct the carbon trading cost model of the economic operation of the virtual power plant;

[0075] The goal is to minimize the carbon emissions of virtual power plants, and the objective function is:

[0076]

[0077] By solving the model to obtain the unit operation mode with the lowest net carbon emissions, the optimal node carbon potential in the virtual power plant can be solved, and the node carbon emissions can be further calculated based on the corresponding carbon potential distribution.

[0078] System Carbon Quota E q as follows:

[0079]

[0080] Where: T and λU are the carbon quota coefficients of gas turbines and power grids respectively; P i (t) is the power generation of the nth gas turbine at time t; P ex (t) is the interaction power between the virtual power plant and the power grid at time t.

[0081] The strategy to encourage the system to actively participate in the carbon trading market is as follows: when the actual carbon emissions are less than the carbon emission quota, the user sells the remaining carbon emission quota according to the market price to obtain income; otherwise, it needs to buy. Constructing a carbon trading cost model for the economic operation of a virtual power plant: The carbon trading cost obtained in this process is F K，t , carbon trading cost F K，t It can be expressed as:

[0082] F k，t =K CO2 (R ∑，T -E q ) (9)

[0083] Where: K CO2 is the reward or penalty amount per unit of carbon emissions, in RMB / kg. ∑，T ≥E q When F C，t is positive, and its value represents the system carbon trading cost; when R ∑，T <E q When F C，t is negative, and its value is expressed as the carbon trading income. Maximizing income can be equivalent to minimizing negative costs.

[0084] The direct way to absorb carbon emissions is to add negative carbon technology, including planting green vegetation, adding carbon fixation devices and production lines; there are two ways to indirectly absorb carbon dioxide: one is to sell the park’s wind and solar green electricity to the grid, using green electricity to replace the power generation of thermal power units in the regional power grid during that period, which is equivalent to reducing the total social carbon emissions in the region; the second is to transfer carbon emission reductions from other green electricity energy sources by purchasing certified carbon emission reductions, thereby indirectly reducing the park’s total carbon emissions.

[0085] When the photovoltaic output is small every day, the load mainly relies on the purchase of electricity from the power grid, which causes carbon emissions; as the photovoltaic output increases, while meeting the system load, it cooperates with the gas turbines, fuel cells and other energy supply equipment in the system to provide enough green electricity for sale to the grid, reducing the carbon emissions of the external system. Considering the cost of photovoltaic construction, the most economical low-carbon operation plan can be achieved by rationally planning the photovoltaic capacity.

[0086] Based on similar inventive concepts, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer storage medium storing a readable program, which, when the program is running, can execute a virtual power plant carbon asset management method that considers a carbon flow model.

[0087] Based on similar inventive concepts, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising: a processor, a memory, a communication interface and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the memory and the communication interface communicate with each other through the communication bus;

[0088] The memory is used to store at least one executable instruction, and the executable instruction enables the processor to perform operations corresponding to a virtual power plant carbon asset management method considering a carbon flow model.

[0089] Example 2

[0090] In this embodiment, a virtual power plant carbon asset management system considering a carbon flow model is proposed, which specifically includes:

[0091] Carbon emission relative quantity model building module: determine the carbon emission accounting boundary in the virtual power plant system and establish the carbon emission relative quantity model of the virtual power plant;

[0092] Carbon emission model construction module for fixed periods of time: Based on the carbon emission relative quantity model of the virtual power plant, calculate the real-time carbon emission intensity and establish the carbon emission model for the virtual power plant for fixed periods of time;

[0093] Carbon flow model building module: From a carbon perspective, a unified carbon flow model of virtual power plants is built to evaluate the green operating conditions of virtual power plants;

[0094] In addition, the carbon trading cost model construction module is based on the virtual power plant's fixed-time carbon emission model, with the goal of minimizing the virtual power plant's carbon emissions, and combined with the virtual power plant's unified carbon flow model to solve the carbon quota, to build a virtual power plant economic operation carbon trading cost model and manage carbon assets.

[0095] The method of the present invention can be implemented in hardware, firmware, or as software or computer code that can be stored in a recording medium (such as a CDROM, RAM, floppy disk, hard disk or magneto-optical disk), or as a computer code that is originally stored in a remote recording medium or a non-temporary machine-readable medium downloaded through a network and will be stored in a local recording medium, so that the method described herein can be stored in such software processing on a recording medium using a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose processor or programmable or special-purpose hardware (such as an ASIC or FPGA). It is understood that a computer, a processor, a microprocessor controller or programmable hardware includes a storage component (e.g., RAM, ROM, flash memory, etc.) that can store or receive software or computer code, and when the software or computer code is accessed and executed by a computer, a processor or hardware, the method described herein is implemented. In addition, when a general-purpose computer accesses the code for implementing the method shown here, the execution of the code converts the general-purpose computer into a special-purpose computer for executing the method shown here. The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. The above-mentioned embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may be subject to various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements shall all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed for protection.

Claims

1. A virtual power plant carbon asset management method considering a carbon flow model, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Determine the carbon emission accounting boundary in the virtual power plant system and establish a relative carbon emission model for the virtual power plant; Based on the relative carbon emission model of virtual power plants, the real-time carbon emission intensity of the regional power grid is calculated, and a carbon emission model for virtual power plants at fixed time periods is established; From a carbon perspective, a unified carbon flow model of virtual power plants is constructed to evaluate the green operating conditions of virtual power plants. Based on the fixed-period carbon emission model of virtual power plants, with the goal of minimizing carbon emissions from virtual power plants, and combined with the unified carbon flow model of virtual power plants, the carbon quota is solved to construct a carbon trading cost model for the economic operation of virtual power plants and manage carbon assets.

2. A virtual power plant carbon asset management method considering a carbon flow model according to claim 1, characterized in that: When calculating the carbon emission accounting boundary, carbon emissions are divided into three parts, including: Scope 1: Direct greenhouse gas emissions; Scope 2: Indirect greenhouse gas emissions from electricity generation; Scope 3: Other indirect greenhouse gas emissions.

3. A virtual power plant carbon asset management method considering a carbon flow model according to claim 2, characterized in that: The relative carbon emission model of the virtual power plant is: Where: P grid and P′ grid are the total power load of the external power grid in the benchmark scenario and the actual scenario respectively; P buy is the purchased power from the grid, P sell is the power sold. In this model, the power purchase and power sales periods do not overlap. N is the number of carbon-emitting units in the virtual power plant. i 、E i are the energy supply power and carbon emission intensity of the carbon emission unit respectively; E grid The real-time carbon emission intensity of the regional power grid.

4. A virtual power plant carbon asset management method considering a carbon flow model according to claim 3, characterized in that: The real-time carbon emission intensity E of the regional power grid grid (t) is calculated as: Where: α x,t ,β y,t represents the output ratio coefficient of carbon-emitting units and non-carbon-emitting units in the power grid at time t; ω x , x∈Γ represents the carbon emission intensity of the carbon emission unit; ω y , y∈Θ represents the carbon emission intensity of power generation of non-carbon emission units.

5. A virtual power plant carbon asset management method considering a carbon flow model according to claim 4, characterized in that: The time-period carbon emission model of the virtual power plant: Where P ex (t) is the interactive power between the virtual power plant and the grid at time t. ex When it is positive, it means that the virtual power plant purchases electricity from the external power grid, resulting in an increase in carbon emissions in the virtual power plant; when P ex When P is negative, the green power surplus in the virtual power plant can be sold to the outside, which is equivalent to increasing the negative power consumption; ex (t)E grid (t) Carbon emissions caused by external system interactions and falling within Scope 2; i (t)E i Carbon emissions caused by internal self-generation and self-use belong to Scope 1; N is the number of carbon-emitting units in the virtual power plant; T represents a certain period of time when purchasing electricity from and selling electricity to the outside.

6. A virtual power plant carbon asset management method considering a carbon flow model according to claim 5, characterized in that: The unified carbon flow model of the virtual power plant is: In the formula, e n is the node carbon potential, R is the branch carbon flow rate, N + is the set of all branches connected to node n and with flow inflow, F is the cumulative carbon emission of carbon flow caused by the energy flow of a branch, ρ is the branch carbon flow density, and P is the branch active flow.

7. A virtual power plant carbon asset management method considering a carbon flow model according to claim 5, characterized in that: The carbon trading cost model for the economic operation of the virtual power plant is: F k,t =K CO2 (R Σ,T -E q ) In the formula, F K，t is the carbon trading cost, K CO2 is the reward or penalty amount per unit of carbon emissions, E q is the system carbon quota; T and λ U are the carbon quota coefficients of gas turbines and power grids respectively; P i (t) is the power generation capacity of the nth gas turbine at time t.

8. A virtual power plant carbon asset management system considering a carbon flow model, characterized in that: include: Carbon emission relative quantity model building module: determine the carbon emission accounting boundary in the virtual power plant system and establish the carbon emission relative quantity model of the virtual power plant; Carbon emission model construction module for fixed periods of time: Based on the carbon emission relative quantity model of the virtual power plant, the real-time carbon emission intensity of the regional power grid is calculated, and a carbon emission model for the virtual power plant for fixed periods of time is established; Carbon flow model building module: From a carbon perspective, a unified carbon flow model of virtual power plants is built to evaluate the green operating conditions of virtual power plants; In addition, the carbon trading cost model construction module is based on the virtual power plant's fixed-time carbon emission model, with the goal of minimizing the virtual power plant's carbon emissions, and combined with the virtual power plant's unified carbon flow model to solve the carbon quota, to build a virtual power plant economic operation carbon trading cost model and manage carbon assets.

9. A computer storage medium storing a readable program, characterized in that: When the program is running, it can execute the virtual power plant carbon asset management method considering the carbon flow model as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A processor, a memory, a communication interface and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the memory and the communication interface communicate with each other via the communication bus; The memory is used to store at least one executable instruction, and the executable instruction enables the processor to perform operations corresponding to a virtual power plant carbon asset management method considering a carbon flow model as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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