Flexible friction electrode material for collecting triboelectricity and preparation method and application thereof
By using conductive foam and conductive hydrogel in the flexible electrode material, and adding water-soluble candle ash and fluorination treatment, the problem of insufficient friction current output capability caused by low conductivity of flexible electrode materials in the prior art is solved. A more efficient friction current output is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411356390.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-07
AI Technical Summary
In wearable devices, existing flexible electrode materials have limited the current output capability of frictional power generation due to low conductivity.
Conductive foam and conductive hydrogel are used as electrode materials, and the conductivity is improved by adding water-soluble candle ash, and the conductive foam is fluorinated by the gas phase method to increase the friction current output.
The conductivity of the flexible electrode material is improved, the friction-starting current output capability is enhanced, and the efficient operation of the flexible friction-electric sensor is achieved.
Smart Images
Figure CN119400483A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of flexible electrode materials, and in particular to a flexible friction electrode material for collecting friction electricity, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art
[0002] Triboelectric charging is widely present in the environment, and the collection and utilization of triboelectric charging has shown good application prospects in the field of wearable devices. The principle of triboelectric charging is that two materials generate different charges on the contacting surfaces during the contact and separation process. These charges are induced to the back electrode, forming a current in the circuit, thereby collecting and utilizing electrical energy. The induction and extraction of the charges generated during the triboelectric charging process requires a conductive electrode material, usually a metal such as copper and aluminum, but metal electrode materials have poor flexibility, which limits their application in the field of wearable devices.
[0003] In the prior art, wearable devices usually use flexible electrode materials, but the flexible electrode materials have low electrical conductivity, which in turn limits the current output capacity of triboelectric charging.
[0004] How to solve the above technical problems is the subject faced by the present invention. Summary of the invention
[0005] In order to address the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a flexible friction electrode material for collecting triboelectricity, which uses conductive foam and conductive hydrogel as electrode materials, has good flexibility, adds conductive materials to improve the conductivity of the flexible electrode, and thereby improves the triboelectric current output capacity, as well as a preparation method and application thereof.
[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: in the first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a flexible friction electrode material for collecting triboelectricity, comprising the following steps:
[0007] S1. Place a glass sheet above a candle flame. A layer of candle ash will be produced on the glass sheet. Scrape off the candle ash and collect it in a beaker, and put it into a muffle furnace for calcination; take 1-15g of the calcined candle ash and add it to 30-60g of secondary water, then add 50-150ml of an aqueous solution containing 0.03-0.07mol of nitric acid, heat it and wash it with water until it is neutral, and then dry it in an oven to obtain water-soluble candle ash;
[0008] S2, adding 0.5-1.5g aniline, 5-15g perchloric acid, and 2-8g water-soluble candle ash to 969.5-990.5g secondary water, stirring to reduce the temperature to 0-5°C, adding 2-6g ammonium persulfate to obtain a mixed solution, placing foam in the mixed solution, standing at 0-5°C for a period of time, taking out the foam and drying it in an oven, and then fluorinating the dried foam with fluorine-containing chlorosilane to finally obtain a conductive foam;
[0009] S3. Mix 15-25 g acrylamide, 1-3 g N,N-methylenebisacrylamide, 5-15 g water-soluble candle ash, 55-78.4 g secondary water, and 0.1-0.5 g triethanolamine, then add 0.5-1.5 g ammonium persulfate and polymerize at room temperature for 0.5-2 h to obtain a conductive hydrogel.
[0010] Preferably, in step S1, the calcination temperature in the muffle furnace is 400-500°C, and the calcination time is 10-30 minutes; the heating treatment temperature is 80-100°C, and the treatment time is 12-24 hours.
[0011] Preferably, in step S2, the standing time is 12-36 hours.
[0012] Preferably, in step S2, the dried foam is fluorinated using fluorinated chlorosilane by a gas phase method, and the specific process is to place the dried foam in a vacuum dryer, add 30-80 μL of fluorinated chlorosilane into the vacuum dryer, evacuate for 10-60 minutes, and maintain the vacuum for 3-12 hours. The foam is fluorinated to make it hydrophobic, thereby increasing the triboelectric current output.
[0013] Preferably, the fluorine-containing chlorosilane in step S2 is any one of 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane, 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane and 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorohexyltrichlorosilane.
[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a flexible friction electrode material for collecting triboelectricity, comprising a conductive foam and a conductive hydrogel, wherein water-soluble candle ash is added to the conductive foam and the conductive hydrogel.
[0015] Preferably, the conductive foam surface is a composite of polyaniline nanowires and water-soluble candle ash.
[0016] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an application of a flexible triboelectric electrode material for collecting triboelectricity, which is used to construct a flexible triboelectric sensor.
[0017] Preferably, the conductive foam and the conductive hydrogel are cut into sheets with a size of 4cm×4cm×0.3cm and are respectively fixed on both sides of a linear motor. The conductive foam and the conductive hydrogel are connected by a copper wire to form an external loop. The reciprocating motion of the linear motor is used to make the conductive foam and the conductive hydrogel come into contact and separate multiple times, thereby generating a triboelectric current output in the external loop, thereby realizing the construction of a flexible triboelectric sensor.
[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention adopts conductive foam and conductive hydrogel as two friction layers and two electrodes for triboelectric charging, thereby realizing the collection and transmission of charges generated by triboelectric charging by flexible materials; water-soluble candle ash is added to the conductive foam and the conductive hydrogel as conductive additive materials, respectively, thereby improving the conductivity of the conductive foam and the conductive hydrogel; at the same time, the conductive foam is fluorinated by a gas phase method, thereby making the conductive foam hydrophobic, thereby increasing the triboelectric current output. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the external loop formed by the conductive foam and the conductive hydrogel of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, this solution is described below through specific implementation methods.
[0021] Embodiment 1:
[0022] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a flexible friction electrode material for collecting triboelectricity, comprising the following steps:
[0023] S1. Place a glass sheet above a candle flame. A layer of candle ash will form on the glass sheet. Scrape off the candle ash and collect it in a beaker. Then put it in a muffle furnace at 450°C and calcine it for 20 minutes. Take 10g of the calcined candle ash and add it to 50g of secondary water. Then add 100ml of an aqueous solution containing 0.05mol nitric acid. Heat it to 100°C for 18h, wash it with secondary water until it is neutral, and dry it in an oven to obtain water-soluble candle ash.
[0024] S2. Add 1g aniline, 10g perchloric acid, and 5g water-soluble candle ash to 980g secondary water, slowly add 4g ammonium persulfate at 0°C, place the foam in the above mixed solution, and keep it at 0°C for 24h, then take out the foam and dry it in an oven. Place the dried foam in a vacuum dryer, select any one of 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane, 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane, and 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorohexyltrichlorosilane, add 50μL to the vacuum dryer, evacuate for 30min, and keep the vacuum state for 6h to obtain a conductive foam.
[0025] S3. Mix 20 g acrylamide, 2 g N,N-methylenebisacrylamide, 10 g water-soluble candle ash, 67 g water, and 0.2 g triethanolamine, add 0.8 g ammonium persulfate, and polymerize at room temperature for 1 h to obtain a conductive hydrogel.
[0026] The conductive foam and conductive hydrogel are cut into sheets with a size of 4cm×4cm×0.3cm and fixed on both sides of a linear motor respectively. The conductive foam and conductive hydrogel are connected by a copper wire to form an external loop. The reciprocating motion of the linear motor is used to make the conductive foam and conductive hydrogel come into contact and separate multiple times, thereby generating a triboelectric current output in the external loop, realizing the construction of a flexible triboelectric sensor.
[0027] When the conductive foam and the conductive hydrogel prepared in this embodiment are used as the friction layer and electrode materials of the flexible triboelectric sensor, the triboelectric current output of the flexible triboelectric sensor is 5.5 μA.
[0028] Embodiment 2:
[0029] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a flexible friction electrode material for collecting triboelectricity. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that in step S2 of this embodiment, the amount of water-soluble candle ash used is 2 g, and the amount of secondary water used is 983 g.
[0030] The conductive foam and conductive hydrogel are cut into sheets with a size of 4cm×4cm×0.3cm and fixed on both sides of a linear motor respectively. The conductive foam and conductive hydrogel are connected by a copper wire to form an external loop. The reciprocating motion of the linear motor is used to make the conductive foam and conductive hydrogel come into contact and separate multiple times, thereby generating a triboelectric current output in the external loop, realizing the construction of a flexible triboelectric sensor.
[0031] When the conductive foam and conductive hydrogel prepared in this embodiment are used as the friction layer and electrode materials of the flexible triboelectric sensor, the triboelectric current output of the flexible triboelectric sensor is 3.1 μA.
[0032] Embodiment 3:
[0033] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a flexible friction electrode material for collecting triboelectricity. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that in step S2 of this embodiment, the amount of water-soluble candle ash used is 8 g, and the amount of secondary water used is 977 g.
[0034] The conductive foam and conductive hydrogel are cut into sheets with a size of 4cm×4cm×0.3cm and fixed on both sides of a linear motor respectively. The conductive foam and conductive hydrogel are connected by a copper wire to form an external loop. The reciprocating motion of the linear motor is used to make the conductive foam and conductive hydrogel come into contact and separate multiple times, thereby generating a triboelectric current output in the external loop, realizing the construction of a flexible triboelectric sensor.
[0035] When the conductive foam and the conductive hydrogel prepared in this embodiment are used as the friction layer and electrode materials of the flexible triboelectric sensor, the triboelectric current output of the flexible triboelectric sensor is 6.3 μA.
[0036] Comparative Example 1:
[0037] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a flexible friction electrode material for collecting triboelectricity. The difference from Example 1 is that in step S2 of this comparative example, no water-soluble candle ash is added, and the amount of secondary water used is 985 g.
[0038] The conductive foam and conductive hydrogel are cut into sheets with a size of 4cm×4cm×0.3cm and fixed on both sides of a linear motor respectively. The conductive foam and conductive hydrogel are connected by a copper wire to form an external loop. The reciprocating motion of the linear motor is used to make the conductive foam and conductive hydrogel come into contact and separate multiple times, thereby generating a triboelectric current output in the external loop, realizing the construction of a flexible triboelectric sensor.
[0039] When the conductive foam and the conductive hydrogel prepared in this comparative example are used as the friction layer and electrode materials of the flexible triboelectric sensor, the friction current output of the flexible triboelectric sensor is 0.8 μA.
[0040] Comparative Example 2:
[0041] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a flexible friction electrode material for collecting triboelectricity, comprising the following steps:
[0042] S1. Place a glass sheet above a candle flame. A layer of candle ash will be produced on the glass sheet. Scrape off the candle ash and collect it in a beaker to obtain water-insoluble candle ash.
[0043] S2. Add 1g aniline, 10g perchloric acid, and 5g water-insoluble candle ash to 980g secondary water and stir. When the temperature drops to 0°C, slowly add 4g ammonium persulfate, place the foam in the above mixed solution, and keep it at 0°C for 24h, then take out the foam and dry it in an oven. Place the dried foam in a vacuum dryer, add 50μL of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane to the vacuum dryer, evacuate for 30min, and keep the vacuum state for 6h to obtain conductive foam.
[0044] S3. Mix 20 g acrylamide, 2 g N,N-methylenebisacrylamide, 10 g water-insoluble candle ash, 67 g water, and 0.2 g triethanolamine, add 0.8 g ammonium persulfate, and polymerize at room temperature for 1 h to obtain a conductive hydrogel.
[0045] The conductive foam and conductive hydrogel are cut into sheets with a size of 4cm×4cm×0.3cm and fixed on both sides of a linear motor respectively. The conductive foam and conductive hydrogel are connected by a copper wire to form an external loop. The reciprocating motion of the linear motor is used to make the conductive foam and conductive hydrogel come into contact and separate multiple times, thereby generating a triboelectric current output in the external loop, realizing the construction of a flexible triboelectric sensor.
[0046] When the conductive foam and the conductive hydrogel prepared in this comparative example are used as the friction layer and electrode materials of the flexible triboelectric sensor, the friction current output of the flexible triboelectric sensor is 1.0 μA.
[0047] The triboelectric current output data of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 are shown in Table 1 below:
[0048] Flexible triboelectric sensor Triboelectric current output / μA Example 1 5.5 Example 2 3.1 Example 3 6.3 Comparative Example 1 0.8 Comparative Example 2 1.0
[0049] Table 1 Triboelectric current output data
[0050] It can be seen from the triboelectric current output data in Table 1 that after adding water-soluble candle ash to the conductive foam, the triboelectric current output increases; and as the amount of water-soluble candle ash increases, the triboelectric current output further increases. This is because the addition of water-soluble candle ash increases the conductivity of the conductive foam, thereby increasing the triboelectric current output. When adding non-water-soluble candle ash, the triboelectric current output increases, but it is significantly lower than the increase in the triboelectric current output when adding water-soluble candle ash. This is because non-water-soluble candle ash has poor dispersibility in aqueous solution and cannot be well dispersed in the reactants.
[0051] Technical features not described in the present invention can be achieved through or by adopting existing technologies and will not be described in detail here. Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by ordinary technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for preparing a flexible friction electrode material for collecting triboelectricity, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Place a glass sheet above a candle flame. A layer of candle ash will be produced on the glass sheet. Scrape off the candle ash and collect it in a beaker, and put it into a muffle furnace for calcination; take 1-15g of the calcined candle ash and add it to 30-60g of secondary water, then add 50-150ml of an aqueous solution containing 0.03-0.07mol of nitric acid, heat it and wash it with water until it is neutral, and then dry it in an oven to obtain water-soluble candle ash; S2, adding 0.5-1.5g aniline, 5-15g perchloric acid, and 2-8g water-soluble candle ash to 969.5-990.5g secondary water, stirring to reduce the temperature to 0-5°C, adding 2-6g ammonium persulfate to obtain a mixed solution, placing foam in the mixed solution, standing at 0-5°C for a period of time, taking out the foam and drying it in an oven, and then fluorinating the dried foam with fluorine-containing chlorosilane to finally obtain a conductive foam; S3. Mix 15-25 g acrylamide, 1-3 g N,N-methylenebisacrylamide, 5-15 g water-soluble candle ash, 55-78.4 g secondary water, and 0.1-0.5 g triethanolamine, then add 0.5-1.5 g ammonium persulfate and polymerize at room temperature for 0.5-2 h to obtain a conductive hydrogel.
2. The method for preparing a flexible friction electrode material for collecting triboelectricity according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S1, the calcination temperature in the muffle furnace is 400-500° C., and the calcination time is 10-30 minutes; the heating temperature is 80-100° C., and the treatment time is 12-24 hours.
3. The method for preparing a flexible friction electrode material for collecting triboelectricity according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the standing time is 12-36 hours.
4. The method for preparing a flexible friction electrode material for collecting triboelectricity according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S2, the dried foam is fluorinated using fluorine-containing chlorosilane by a gas phase method. The specific process is to place the dried foam in a vacuum dryer, add 30-80 μL of fluorine-containing chlorosilane into the vacuum dryer, evacuate for 10-60 minutes, and maintain the vacuum for 3-12 hours.
5. The method for preparing a flexible friction electrode material for collecting triboelectricity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluorine-containing chlorosilane in step S2 is any one of 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane, 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane, and 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorohexyltrichlorosilane.
6. A flexible friction electrode material for collecting triboelectricity obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The invention comprises conductive foam and conductive hydrogel, wherein water-soluble candle ash is added into the conductive foam and the conductive hydrogel.
7. The flexible friction electrode material for collecting triboelectricity according to claim 6, characterized in that: The surface of the conductive foam is a composite of polyaniline nanowires and water-soluble candle ash.
8. The use of a flexible friction electrode material for collecting triboelectricity obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The flexible friction electrode material is used to construct a flexible friction electric sensor.
9. The use of the flexible friction electrode material for collecting triboelectricity according to claim 8, characterized in that: The conductive foam and the conductive hydrogel are cut into sheets with a size of 4cm×4cm×0.3cm and are respectively fixed on both sides of a linear motor. The conductive foam and the conductive hydrogel are connected by a copper wire to form an external loop. The reciprocating motion of the linear motor is used to make the conductive foam and the conductive hydrogel come into contact and separate multiple times, thereby generating a triboelectric current output in the external loop, thereby realizing the construction of a flexible triboelectric sensor.