Integrated simulation and optimization method for overvoltage protection of 10kV system of hydropower station

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated simulation and optimization method for overvoltage protection of a 10kV system of a hydropower station. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring operating parameters of a circuit breaker, a transformer, a cable and a lightning arrester; establishing a circuit breaker arcing time dynamic adjustment module, a transformer iron core nonlinear characteristic dynamic simulation module, a cable frequency response optimization module, a self-adaptive lightning arrester volt-ampere characteristic control module and a resistance-capacitance absorber frequency self-adaptive adjustment module based on the simulation platform; the modules are integrated to a simulation system, and system overvoltage protection measures are optimized through simulation parameters. According to the method, the reliability and the adaptability of overvoltage protection of the 10kV system of the hydropower station are remarkably improved, and a powerful guarantee is provided for the safety and the stability of operation of the hydropower station.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of 10kV system overvoltage protection, and in particular to an integrated simulation and optimization method for overvoltage protection of a 10kV system in a hydropower station. Background Art

[0002] The 10kV system of a hydropower station is prone to transient overvoltages due to frequent load switching and circuit breaker operations during operation. This overvoltage phenomenon will threaten system equipment such as transformers, circuit breakers, cables, and lightning arresters, affecting the safety and stability of the power system. Existing overvoltage protection methods usually rely on fixed-parameter circuit breakers, transformers, and RC absorbers to suppress overvoltages. However, the fixed parameters of these devices limit their adaptability to overvoltages of different frequencies, making it difficult to achieve dynamic adjustment in practical applications, especially in high-frequency fluctuations and multiple load changes. Therefore, how to build a frequency-adaptive overvoltage protection system in a simulation platform and dynamically adjust the response parameters of power equipment to adapt to the variable overvoltage frequency has become an important topic in the protection technology of the 10kV system of a hydropower station. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above existing problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides an integrated simulation and optimization method for overvoltage protection of a 10kV system in a hydropower station. Aiming at the limitations of overvoltage protection in a 10kV system in a hydropower station, an overvoltage protection scheme for power equipment based on frequency adaptation is proposed through an integrated simulation and optimization method. Specifically, the present invention aims to solve the following technical problems: First, an adaptive adjustment method for the arcing time of a circuit breaker is provided, so that it can dynamically respond to overvoltage changes under different load conditions; second, a nonlinear simulation model of the transformer core is constructed, and the magnetization characteristics are adjusted by frequency changes to accurately simulate high-frequency overvoltage conditions; third, the overvoltage transmission characteristics are optimized through a frequency-dependent cable model; fourth, dynamic control of the volt-ampere characteristics of the lightning arrester is realized, so that it can effectively respond to different overvoltage amplitudes and frequencies; fifth, an adaptive adjustment method for the oscillation frequency of the resistor-capacitor absorber is developed, so that it can automatically optimize the absorption characteristics under high-frequency overvoltage. The solution to these technical problems will greatly improve the protection effect of the system under different overvoltage environments and enhance the stability and adaptability of the 10kV system of the hydropower station.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an integrated simulation and optimization method for overvoltage protection of a 10kV system in a hydropower station, comprising:

[0006] Collect operating parameters of circuit breakers, transformers, cables and lightning arresters;

[0007] Based on the simulation platform, the modules for dynamic adjustment of arcing time of circuit breaker, dynamic simulation of nonlinear characteristics of transformer core, optimization of cable frequency response, adaptive control of volt-ampere characteristics of lightning arrester and adaptive frequency adjustment of RC absorber are established;

[0008] The module is integrated into the simulation system, and the system overvoltage protection measures are optimized through simulation parameters.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the integrated simulation and optimization method for overvoltage protection of a 10kV system of a hydropower station described in the present invention, the dynamic adjustment of the arcing time of the circuit breaker includes: by real-time monitoring of the transient recovery voltage TRV, the current zero crossing point and the arcing time parameters between the contacts of the circuit breaker, combined with the circuit breaker operation characteristics obtained by simulation, the adjustment of the arcing time is realized through a control algorithm;

[0010] The TRV value is collected through sensors or sampling devices to monitor the state of the arc entering the transient recovery voltage. At the same time, the circuit breaker current waveform data is collected in real time to calculate the zero-crossing point position. Each time the circuit breaker is disconnected, the arcing time is monitored and the arc and contact insulation recovery characteristics are analyzed in combination with the simulation model to update the circuit breaker operation characteristic database;

[0011] A dynamic simulation model of the circuit breaker is established on the simulation platform, which includes the insulation recovery between contacts, current zero crossing and transient recovery voltage parameters. The operating characteristics of the circuit breaker are obtained through multiple simulations. The control algorithm uses fuzzy control or neural network algorithm to dynamically optimize the arcing time according to the real-time monitored parameters. The breaking moment is automatically adjusted by comparing TRV fluctuations, current zero crossing offset and arcing time with database data.

[0012] As a preferred scheme of the integrated simulation and optimization method for overvoltage protection of the 10kV system of the hydropower station described in the present invention, the dynamic simulation of the nonlinear characteristics of the transformer core includes modeling the complex nonlinear characteristics of the transformer core based on the electromagnetic transient simulation platform, constructing a nonlinear inductance model of the transformer through the electromagnetic transient simulation platform, and expressing the magnetization characteristics of the core as a nonlinear relationship between magnetic flux density and excitation current.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the integrated simulation and optimization method for overvoltage protection of the 10kV system of the hydropower station described in the present invention, the nonlinear inductance model includes generating magnetization characteristic curves at different frequencies based on the no-load test and short-circuit test data of the transformer, and importing the magnetization characteristic curves into the simulation system.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the integrated simulation and optimization method for overvoltage protection of the 10kV system of the hydropower station described in the present invention, the cable frequency response optimization includes constructing a multi-frequency response cable model in the simulation platform, the cable model is established based on the frequency segmented response under different frequency conditions, and the frequency response characteristics of the cable are optimized through a multi-layer filtering algorithm.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the integrated simulation and optimization method for overvoltage protection of the 10kV system of the hydropower station described in the present invention, the adaptive arrester volt-ampere characteristic control includes adjusting the arrester's volt-ampere characteristic curve according to the amplitude and frequency of the overvoltage based on real-time monitoring data of the simulation system.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the integrated simulation and optimization method for overvoltage protection of the 10kV system of the hydropower station described in the present invention, the adjustment of the volt-ampere characteristic curve is realized through the arrester volt-ampere characteristic module, and the module automatically switches the volt-ampere characteristic curve model according to the overvoltage amplitude and frequency.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the integrated simulation and optimization method for overvoltage protection of a 10kV system of a hydropower station described in the present invention, wherein: the frequency adaptive adjustment of the RC absorber includes integrating a frequency detection device in the absorber circuit, and when a high-frequency overvoltage oscillation is detected, the detection device feeds back the current oscillation frequency and triggers an automatic adjustment mechanism to dynamically adjust the capacitance and resistance parameters of the absorber;

[0018] The frequency detection device monitors the voltage fluctuations in the circuit in real time. When the overvoltage oscillation frequency exceeds the preset range, the absorber will automatically optimize the resistance and capacitance values ​​according to the current frequency to match different oscillation frequencies. By increasing or decreasing the capacitance and adjusting the resistance, the response characteristics of the absorber under high-frequency overvoltage are optimized to ensure that the voltage oscillation frequency is within the system setting range and suppress the amplitude of high-frequency oscillation.

[0019] A computer device comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and is characterized in that when the processor executes the computer program, steps of an integrated simulation and optimization method for overvoltage protection of a 10kV system of a hydropower station are implemented.

[0020] A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of an integrated simulation and optimization method for overvoltage protection of a 10kV system of a hydropower station are implemented.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention realizes dynamic optimization of overvoltage protection in the 10kV system of the hydropower station by constructing a frequency-adaptive power equipment model in the simulation platform. First, the arcing time of the circuit breaker can be intelligently adjusted under different overvoltage frequencies, reducing the risk of arc reignition. Secondly, the dynamic simulation of the nonlinear characteristics of the transformer core enhances the response accuracy of the system under overvoltage conditions of different frequencies. Thirdly, through the frequency-dependent cable model and adaptive lightning arrester, the system can effectively control the transmission and attenuation of high-frequency overvoltage. In addition, the adaptive adjustment of the oscillation frequency of the RC absorber enables it to maintain the best absorption effect in high-frequency fluctuations. These beneficial effects of the present invention significantly improve the reliability and adaptability of the overvoltage protection of the 10kV system of the hydropower station, and provide a strong guarantee for the safety and stability of the operation of the hydropower station. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of an integrated simulation and optimization method for overvoltage protection of a 10kV system in a hydropower station provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0026] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0027] The present invention is described in detail with reference to schematic diagrams. When describing the embodiments of the present invention, for the sake of convenience, the cross-sectional diagrams showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general scale, and the schematic diagrams are only examples, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, in actual production, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included.

[0028] At the same time, in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper, lower, inner and outer" are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first, second or third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0029] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "install, connect, connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example: it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can also be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection or a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] Example 1, reference Figure 1 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides an integrated simulation and optimization method for overvoltage protection of a 10kV system in a hydropower station, including:

[0031] S1: Collect operating parameters of circuit breakers, transformers, cables and lightning arresters.

[0032] S2: Based on the simulation platform, establish the circuit breaker arcing time dynamic adjustment, transformer core nonlinear characteristics dynamic simulation, cable frequency response optimization, adaptive arrester volt-ampere characteristic control and RC absorber frequency adaptive adjustment modules.

[0033] S3: Integrate the module into the simulation system and optimize the system overvoltage protection measures through simulation parameters.

[0034] The dynamic adjustment of the arcing time of the circuit breaker includes: by real-time monitoring of the transient recovery voltage TRV, the current zero crossing point and the arcing time parameters between the circuit breaker contacts, combined with the circuit breaker operation characteristics obtained by simulation, the arcing time is adjusted through the control algorithm;

[0035] The TRV value is collected through sensors or sampling devices to monitor the state of the arc entering the transient recovery voltage. At the same time, the circuit breaker current waveform data is collected in real time to calculate the zero-crossing point position. Each time the circuit breaker is disconnected, the arcing time is monitored and the arc and contact insulation recovery characteristics are analyzed in combination with the simulation model to update the circuit breaker operation characteristic database;

[0036] A dynamic simulation model of the circuit breaker is established on the simulation platform, which includes the insulation recovery between contacts, current zero crossing and transient recovery voltage parameters. The operating characteristics of the circuit breaker are obtained through multiple simulations. The control algorithm uses fuzzy control or neural network algorithm to dynamically optimize the arcing time according to the real-time monitored parameters. The breaking moment is automatically adjusted by comparing TRV fluctuations, current zero crossing offset and arcing time with database data.

[0037] The control algorithm includes assuming that the closing speed of the contact is v(t) and the arcing duration is T arc , the current zero point is i(0) (i.e. the moment when the current approaches zero). In order to control the contact closing speed so that the arcing time is synchronized with the current zero point, the following formula is used:

[0038]

[0039] Where: k v is the speed feedback gain coefficient, v target is the desired closing speed, f(T arc ) is the arcing time function, which is used to introduce the influence of arcing time in closing speed control.

[0040] In the prior art, closing speed control usually only considers speed gain, while this model adds the arcing duration function f(T arc ), and dynamic adjustment is achieved through adaptive control.

[0041] Arcing duration T arc The adjustment is based on the current zero point position to ensure that the arcing time ends near the current zero point. The arcing time adjustment formula is:

[0042] T arc (t+1)=T arc (t)+α·(i(0)-i(t))+β·(v(t)-v target )

[0043] Among them: α and β are adaptive adjustment coefficients, i(0)-i(t) represents the deviation between the current value and the zero crossing point, (v(t)-v target ) to match the arcing time with the contact closing speed.

[0044] Compared with the existing technology, the model uses dual parameter adjustment to make the arc burning time not only dependent on the current zero point, but also consider the contact closing speed, so as to achieve closing at the moment the arc is extinguished.

[0045] To ensure the coordinated control of various parameters, an adaptive feedback model based on fuzzy control is used. The feedback control formula is as follows:

[0046] Where: u(t) is the feedback signal of arcing time control, e(t) represents the deviation between the target value of arcing time and the current arcing time (e(t) = T arc-target -T arc (t)), γ, δ and μ are adaptive gain parameters, which can be dynamically adjusted according to the current deviation.

[0047] Different from traditional PID control, this formula combines the gain adjustment of fuzzy control to make arcing time control more flexible.

[0048] By adjusting various parameters in real time through the above formula, the optimal value of the final arcing time can be solved by the following formula:

[0049]

[0050] By solving the product of arcing time and current change rate, it is ensured that the arcing time is reached when the current is close to the zero crossing point.

[0051] The control algorithm uses an adaptive control method to automatically adjust the arcing time of the circuit breaker according to the real-time data during the circuit breaker operation (contact closing speed, arcing duration, current zero-crossing position, etc.). Specifically, the closing speed affects the duration of the arc between the contacts, and the current zero-crossing position is closely related to the moment when the arc is extinguished. By combining adaptive control, the arcing duration is dynamically adjusted according to the monitored current zero-point position and contact closing speed in real time to optimize the circuit breaker operation performance, and the deviation between the actual value and the target value of each parameter is dynamically adjusted through feedback control to obtain the optimal arcing time.

[0052] The dynamic simulation of the nonlinear characteristics of the transformer core includes modeling the complex nonlinear characteristics of the transformer core based on an electromagnetic transient simulation platform, constructing a nonlinear inductance model of the transformer through the electromagnetic transient simulation platform, and expressing the magnetization characteristics of the core as a nonlinear relationship between magnetic flux density and excitation current.

[0053] The nonlinear inductance model generates magnetization characteristic curves at different frequencies according to no-load test and short-circuit test data of the transformer, and imports the magnetization characteristic curves into the simulation system.

[0054] The cable frequency response optimization includes constructing a multi-frequency response cable model in a simulation platform, wherein the cable model is established based on frequency segmented responses under different frequency conditions, and optimizing the frequency response characteristics of the cable through a multi-layer filtering algorithm.

[0055] In the frequency response optimization process of the cable transmission characteristics, the cable's inductance L, capacitance C and AC resistance R are designed as frequency-dependent parameters, and the corresponding mathematical model is constructed on the simulation platform to adapt to voltage fluctuations of different frequencies. At the same time, the response of the cable parameters at different frequencies is experimentally measured, and then the relationship curve is imported into the simulation platform, so that the model can automatically adjust the cable parameters when the frequency fluctuates;

[0056] The inductance of a cable typically changes at high frequencies, described by the following frequency-dependent formula:

[0057] L(f)=L0(1+α·log(f))

[0058] Where: L(f) is the cable inductance at frequency f, L0 is the initial inductance value at the reference frequency, and α is the adjustment coefficient related to the cable material and structural characteristics.

[0059] The inductance of the cable is designed as a logarithmic function of the frequency so that the increasing trend of inductance can be reflected at higher frequencies.

[0060] The distributed capacitance of the cable to ground or between phases will also change at high frequencies. The following frequency-dependent capacitance formula is used:

[0061] C(f)=C0·(1-β·e -γ·f )

[0062] Where: C(f) is the cable capacitance at frequency f, C0 is the initial capacitance value at low frequency or reference frequency, β and γ are adjustment coefficients for cable material and structural characteristics, which control the decreasing trend of capacitance at high frequency.

[0063] The AC resistance of the cable increases at high frequencies due to the skin effect. The following frequency-dependent resistance formula is used:

[0064]

[0065] Where: R(f) is the AC resistance of the cable at frequency f, R0 is the initial resistance value at low frequency or reference frequency, and δ is the material adjustment factor related to the skin effect.

[0066] Combined with the above frequency-dependent model, the transmission characteristics of the cable are described by the following comprehensive optimization formula:

[0067]

[0068] Where: Z(f) is the equivalent impedance of the cable at frequency f, ω=2πf is the angular frequency, and j is an imaginary unit used to represent the phase relationship between inductance and capacitance. The frequency dependence of inductance, capacitance, and resistance is integrated into the equivalent impedance model of the cable, enabling the simulation platform to dynamically calculate the impedance characteristics of the cable according to frequency changes.

[0069] The adaptive arrester volt-ampere characteristic control includes adjusting the arrester's volt-ampere characteristic curve according to the amplitude and frequency of the overvoltage based on real-time monitoring data of the simulation system.

[0070] The adjustment of the volt-ampere characteristic curve is achieved through the arrester volt-ampere characteristic module, and the module automatically switches the volt-ampere characteristic curve model according to the overvoltage amplitude and frequency.

[0071] The adaptive frequency adjustment of the RC absorber includes integrating a frequency detection device in the absorber circuit. When high-frequency overvoltage oscillation is detected, the detection device feeds back the current oscillation frequency and triggers an automatic adjustment mechanism to dynamically adjust the capacitance and resistance parameters of the absorber.

[0072] The frequency detection device monitors the voltage fluctuations in the circuit in real time. When the overvoltage oscillation frequency exceeds the preset range, the absorber will automatically optimize the resistance and capacitance values ​​according to the current frequency to match different oscillation frequencies. By increasing or decreasing the capacitance and adjusting the resistance, the response characteristics of the absorber under high-frequency overvoltage are optimized to ensure that the voltage oscillation frequency is within the system setting range and suppress the amplitude of high-frequency oscillation.

[0073] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] The second embodiment of the present invention is different from the previous embodiment in that:

[0076] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, etc., which can store program codes.

[0077] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0078] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0079] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0080] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present application.

[0081] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An integrated simulation and optimization method for overvoltage protection of a 10kV system in a hydropower station, characterized by: include, Collect operating parameters of circuit breakers, transformers, cables and lightning arresters; Based on the simulation platform, the modules for dynamic adjustment of arcing time of circuit breaker, dynamic simulation of nonlinear characteristics of transformer core, optimization of cable frequency response, adaptive control of volt-ampere characteristics of lightning arrester and adaptive frequency adjustment of RC absorber are established; The module is integrated into the simulation system, and the system overvoltage protection measures are optimized through simulation parameters.

2. The integrated simulation and optimization method for overvoltage protection of a 10 kV system in a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dynamic adjustment of the arcing time of the circuit breaker includes: by real-time monitoring of the transient recovery voltage TRV, the current zero crossing point and the arcing time parameters between the circuit breaker contacts, combined with the circuit breaker operation characteristics obtained by simulation, the arcing time is adjusted through the control algorithm; The TRV value is collected through sensors or sampling devices to monitor the state of the arc entering the transient recovery voltage. At the same time, the circuit breaker current waveform data is collected in real time to calculate the zero-crossing point position. Each time the circuit breaker is disconnected, the arcing time is monitored and the arc and contact insulation recovery characteristics are analyzed in combination with the simulation model to update the circuit breaker operation characteristic database; A dynamic simulation model of the circuit breaker is established on the simulation platform, which includes the insulation recovery between contacts, current zero crossing and transient recovery voltage parameters. The operating characteristics of the circuit breaker are obtained through multiple simulations. The control algorithm uses fuzzy control or neural network algorithm to dynamically optimize the arcing time according to the real-time monitored parameters. The breaking moment is automatically adjusted by comparing TRV fluctuations, current zero crossing offset and arcing time with database data.

3. The integrated simulation and optimization method for overvoltage protection of a 10 kV system in a hydropower station as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The dynamic simulation of the nonlinear characteristics of the transformer core includes modeling the complex nonlinear characteristics of the transformer core based on an electromagnetic transient simulation platform, constructing a nonlinear inductance model of the transformer through the electromagnetic transient simulation platform, and expressing the magnetization characteristics of the core as a nonlinear relationship between magnetic flux density and excitation current.

4. The integrated simulation and optimization method for overvoltage protection of a 10 kV system in a hydropower station as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The nonlinear inductance model generates magnetization characteristic curves at different frequencies according to no-load test and short-circuit test data of the transformer, and imports the magnetization characteristic curves into the simulation system.

5. The integrated simulation and optimization method for overvoltage protection of a 10 kV system in a hydropower station as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The cable frequency response optimization includes constructing a multi-frequency response cable model in a simulation platform, wherein the cable model is established based on frequency segmented responses under different frequency conditions, and optimizing the frequency response characteristics of the cable through a multi-layer filtering algorithm.

6. The integrated simulation and optimization method for overvoltage protection of a 10 kV system in a hydropower station as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The adaptive arrester volt-ampere characteristic control includes adjusting the arrester's volt-ampere characteristic curve according to the amplitude and frequency of the overvoltage based on real-time monitoring data of the simulation system.

7. The integrated simulation and optimization method for overvoltage protection of a 10 kV system in a hydropower station as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The adjustment of the volt-ampere characteristic curve is achieved through the arrester volt-ampere characteristic module, and the module automatically switches the volt-ampere characteristic curve model according to the overvoltage amplitude and frequency.

8. The integrated simulation and optimization method for overvoltage protection of a 10 kV system in a hydropower station as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The adaptive frequency adjustment of the RC absorber includes integrating a frequency detection device in the absorber circuit. When high-frequency overvoltage oscillation is detected, the detection device feeds back the current oscillation frequency and triggers an automatic adjustment mechanism to dynamically adjust the capacitance and resistance parameters of the absorber. The frequency detection device monitors the voltage fluctuations in the circuit in real time. When the overvoltage oscillation frequency exceeds the preset range, the absorber will automatically optimize the resistance and capacitance values ​​according to the current frequency to match different oscillation frequencies. By increasing or decreasing the capacitance and adjusting the resistance, the response characteristics of the absorber under high-frequency overvoltage are optimized to ensure that the voltage oscillation frequency is within the system setting range and suppress the amplitude of high-frequency oscillation.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 are implemented.

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