Display substrate and display device

Abstract

The invention provides a display substrate and a display device.The display substrate is provided with a first display area and a second display area located on one side of the first display area, and the light transmittance of the second display area is larger than that of the first display area; the display substrate comprises a substrate and a shading layer arranged on the substrate, and the shading layer is provided with a plurality of light-transmitting openings; the second display area is divided into N sub-areas from the side close to the first display area to the side far away from the first display area, a plurality of light-transmitting openings are formed in each sub-area, and N is a positive integer larger than or equal to 2; and the closer to the sub-region of the first display region, the smaller the total area ratio of the light-transmitting openings in the corresponding sub-region is. According to the display substrate and the display device provided by the invention, the visibility of the light-transmitting opening in the appearance is reduced while the optical recognition function is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display substrate and a display device. Background Art

[0002] Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) is an active light-emitting display device with the advantages of self-luminescence, wide viewing angle, high contrast, low power consumption, and extremely high response speed. With the continuous development of display technology, OLED technology is increasingly used in flexible display devices.

[0003] With the development of display technology, it has become a trend to set optical elements under and inside the screen to realize optical sensing functions such as fingerprint recognition. A light shielding layer is provided in the display panel, and a light-transmitting hole is provided on the light shielding layer to allow light to pass through to realize the optical sensing function.

[0004] If the number of light-transmitting holes is too small, the light transmittance requirement of the optical element cannot be met; if the number of light-transmitting holes is too large or too large, the appearance of the optical sensing area will be obviously different from other areas. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve at least one of the problems in the above prior art, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a display substrate and a display device.

[0006] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure are as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display substrate, wherein the display substrate has a first display area and a second display area located on one side of the first display area, wherein the light transmittance of the second display area is greater than the light transmittance of the first display area; the display substrate comprises a substrate and a light shielding layer disposed on the substrate, wherein the light shielding layer has a plurality of light-transmitting openings; wherein:

[0008] From the side close to the first display area to the side far from the first display area, the second display area is divided into N sub-areas, each of the sub-areas is respectively provided with a plurality of the light-transmitting openings, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; and the closer the sub-area is to the first display area, the smaller the total area proportion of the light-transmitting openings in the corresponding sub-area.

[0009] Exemplarily, the first display area at least partially surrounds the periphery of the second display area, and the N sub-areas are nested in sequence along a direction from the center of the second display area to the periphery of the second display area, and the closer to the periphery of the second display area, the smaller the total area of ​​the light-transmitting opening in the corresponding sub-area.

[0010] Exemplarily, the N sub-areas include:

[0011] a first sub-area located at the center of the second display area; and

[0012] A plurality of second sub-areas are sequentially nested around the first sub-area; wherein,

[0013] For any second sub-region, relative to the sub-region adjacent to and nested within it, the outward expansion dimension along the first direction is the first width, and the outward expansion dimension along the second direction is the second width; the first sub-region has a third width in the first direction and a fourth width in the second direction; the first width, the second width, the third width and the fourth width are all within the threshold, and the first direction and the second direction intersect each other.

[0014] Exemplarily, the threshold value is 0.3 mm.

[0015] Exemplarily, the first widths of the second sub-regions are the same, the second widths of the second sub-regions are the same, the third width is equal to the first width, and the fourth width is equal to the second width.

[0016] Exemplarily, the distribution number of light-transmitting openings in each of the sub-regions in a predetermined unit area is the opening distribution density; wherein, along the direction away from the first display area, the opening distribution density of the N sub-regions gradually decreases, so that the total area proportion of the light-transmitting openings in the N sub-regions in the corresponding sub-regions gradually decreases.

[0017] Exemplarily, the multiple light-transmitting openings of each sub-region are distributed in an array, and in the row direction, the spacing between any two adjacent light-transmitting openings is a first spacing P1, and in the column direction, the spacing between any two adjacent light-transmitting openings is a second spacing P2, and P1 is the same as or different from P2; wherein, in the N sub-regions, along the direction away from the first display area, at least one of the first spacing P1 and the second spacing P2 gradually decreases, so that the opening distribution density of the N sub-regions gradually decreases.

[0018] Exemplarily, the second display area includes a plurality of pixel units distributed in an array, and a pixel pitch between adjacent pixel units is a third pitch P3, wherein at least one of P1 and P2 is K times of P3, wherein K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; wherein, along a direction away from the first display area, among the N sub-areas, the closer to the first display area, the larger the value of K.

[0019] Exemplarily, of the two adjacent sub-areas, the value of K corresponding to the sub-area closer to the first display area is twice the value of K corresponding to the other sub-area.

[0020] Exemplarily, the second display area includes a plurality of pixel units distributed in an array, and a pixel pitch between adjacent pixel units is a third pitch P3;

[0021] The multiple light-transmitting openings in each of the sub-areas include a plurality of repeating units that are repeatedly arranged, and one repeating unit corresponds to the pixel unit setting of M1 rows and M2 columns, and both M1 and M2 are positive integers greater than or equal to 1; the number of light-transmitting openings in one repeating unit is M3, wherein along the direction away from the first display area, the closer the sub-area among the N sub-areas is to the first display area, the larger the value of M3 is.

[0022] Exemplarily, the multiple light-transmitting openings in each of the repeating units are distributed as M1 rows and M2 columns, wherein, along the direction away from the first display area, the total number of light-transmitting openings in the N sub-areas closer to the first display area increases, and the number of light-transmitting openings in at least one row or at least one column gradually increases.

[0023] Exemplarily, a filler is provided in the light-transmitting opening, and the material of the filler includes a transparent light-transmitting material or a filter material for filtering light of a predetermined wavelength.

[0024] Exemplarily, the light shielding layer includes:

[0025] A first light-shielding layer and a second light-shielding layer, wherein the first light-shielding layer is provided with a plurality of first openings, and the second light-shielding layer is provided with a plurality of second openings, wherein at least a portion of the first openings and at least a portion of the second openings overlap in their orthographic projection on the substrate, and the overlapping first openings and the second openings cooperate to form a plurality of the light-transmitting openings.

[0026] Exemplarily, the display substrate further includes:

[0027] a color filter layer, disposed on the substrate, the color filter layer comprising a plurality of filter units distributed in an array and a black matrix layer disposed between different filter units, the first light shielding layer comprising the black matrix layer, and a plurality of the first openings being disposed on the black matrix layer and located between different filter units; and

[0028] The pixel definition layer is arranged between the substrate and the color filter layer, and the pixel definition layer defines a plurality of pixel openings. The second light shielding layer includes the pixel definition layer, and a plurality of the second openings are arranged between different pixel openings.

[0029] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a display device, comprising:

[0030] The display substrate as described above; and

[0031] An optical element is located on the non-light-exiting side of the display substrate, or between the light-shielding layer and the substrate, and the optical element is arranged corresponding to the second display area.

[0032] The beneficial effects brought by the embodiments of the present disclosure are as follows:

[0033] The display substrate and the display device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure include a first display area and a second display area, the light transmittance of the second display area is greater than the light transmittance of the first display area, and an optical element can be arranged at the second display area, and a light-transmitting opening is arranged on the light-shielding layer at a position corresponding to the second display area with higher light transmittance, so that the light-transmitting opening can allow external light to pass through the display substrate and be incident on the optical element, so that the light element can collect external light and meet the light transmittance requirements such as fingerprint recognition; and, by dividing the second display area from a side close to the first display area to a side far from the first display area into N sub-areas, the light-transmitting openings in different sub-areas are designed differently, wherein the closer the sub-area is to the first display area, the smaller the total area proportion of the light-transmitting opening in the corresponding sub-area, so that while ensuring that the light transmittance requirements of the second display area are met, the total area proportion of the light-transmitting opening in the second display area from the side far from the first display area to the side close to the first display area presents a gradient change, thereby reducing the difference in appearance between the first display area and the second display area, and reducing the visibility of the light-transmitting opening in appearance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 A front view of a display substrate provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0035] Figure 2 express Figure 1 Sectional view along line E-E';

[0036] Figure 3 One of the schematic diagrams showing the distribution of light-transmitting openings in a sub-region of the second display area in the display substrate provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0037] Figure 4 A second schematic diagram showing the distribution of light-transmitting openings in a sub-region of the second display area of ​​a display substrate provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0038] Figure 5 A third schematic diagram showing the distribution of light-transmitting openings in a sub-region of the second display area of ​​the display substrate provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0039] Figure 6 A fourth schematic diagram showing the distribution of light-transmitting openings in a sub-region of the second display area in a display substrate provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0041] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present disclosure should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present disclosure belongs. The "first", "second" and similar words used in the present disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, similar words such as "one", "one" or "the" do not indicate quantity restrictions, but indicate that there is at least one. Similar words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word cover the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Similar words such as "connect" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0042] The features such as "parallel", "perpendicular", and "same" used in the embodiments of the present disclosure include the features such as "parallel", "perpendicular", and "same" in a strict sense, as well as the cases where "approximately parallel", "approximately perpendicular", "approximately the same", etc. include certain tolerances, taking into account the tolerances associated with the measurement of specific quantities (e.g., the limitations of the measurement system), and represent the acceptable deviation range for a specific value determined by ordinary technicians in the field. For example, "approximately" can mean within one or more standard deviations, or within 3% or 5% of the value.

[0043] In addition, in this document, unless otherwise defined, the terms "substantially", "substantially", "approximately" and "about" are used to describe and explain small changes. When used with an event or situation, these terms can cover situations where the event or situation occurs exactly, and can also cover situations where the event or situation occurs approximately. For example, when used with a numerical value, these terms can include a range of variation of less than or equal to 10% of the numerical value, such as less than or equal to ±5%, less than or equal to ±4%, less than or equal to ±3%, less than or equal to ±2%, less than or equal to ±1%, less than or equal to ±0.5%, less than or equal to ±0.1%, less than or equal to ±0.05%. The term "substantially coplanar" can refer to two surfaces being arranged along the same plane in the micrometer range, for example, arranged along the same plane within 40μm, 30μm, 20μm, 10μm or 1μm.

[0044] It should be understood that in the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, when a layer or an element is referred to as being on another layer or substrate, the layer or element may be directly on the other layer or substrate, or there may be an intermediate layer between the layer or element and the other layer or substrate. "A and B are arranged on the same layer" means that after A and B adopt the same film forming process to form a film layer for forming a specific pattern, a layer structure is formed by a single patterning process using the same mask.

[0045] Before describing in detail the display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the related technology is described as follows:

[0046] In OLED products, in order to reduce the interference of ambient light and improve the contrast of the display effect, polarizers need to be attached to reduce reflectivity. With the large-scale application of 5G, electronic devices have put forward high demands for reducing the power consumption of screens. Color resistance structure (CF on Encapsulation, COE) technology came into being. Compared with circular polarizers, COE technology has higher transmittance and can reduce the power consumption of OLED products.

[0047] The COE technology uses a black matrix (BM) and a color filter (CF) as a reflection reduction layer to reduce the reflection of the reflective metal to the external ambient light.

[0048] The introduction of black matrix in COE technology causes the overall light transmittance of the display substrate to decrease. At the same time, a pixel definition layer is generally provided on the display substrate. By opening light-transmitting holes on the pixel definition layer and the black matrix and other light-shielding layers, light can be allowed to pass through and reach the optical components to achieve optical sensing functions such as fingerprint recognition.

[0049] However, if the number of light-transmitting holes is too small, the light transmittance requirement of the optical element cannot be met. If the number of light-transmitting holes is too large or too large, the appearance of the optical sensing area will be obviously different from other areas, which will deteriorate the visibility of the appearance of the optical sensing area, that is, reduce the visibility of the light-transmitting openings.

[0050] Based on this, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a display substrate and a display device, which can balance the requirements of light transmittance and appearance visibility, and reduce the visibility of the light-transmitting openings in appearance while meeting the optical sensing requirements.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, the display area AA of the display substrate 10 of the embodiment of the present disclosure may include a first display area AA1 and a second display area AA2 located on one side of the first display area AA1. The display area AA is an area of ​​the display substrate 10 for displaying images. The shape of the display area AA may be a rectangle or a rounded rectangle. A rounded rectangle means that the four corners of the rectangle are rounded.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, an optical element 20 may be disposed on the non-light-emitting side 10B of the display substrate 10 or inside the display substrate 10. The light-emitting side 10A of the display substrate 10 refers to the side of the display substrate 10 that can display images. The non-light-emitting side 10B of the display substrate 10 refers to the side opposite to the light-emitting side 10A of the display substrate 10.

[0053] The light transmittance of the second display area AA2 is greater than the light transmittance of the first display area AA1.

[0054] The optical element 20 may be located in the second display area AA2. Since the light transmittance of the second display area AA2 is greater than that of the first display area AA1, the external light has less loss after passing through the second display area AA2, so that the optical element 20 can obtain sufficient light to avoid affecting the function of the optical element 20.

[0055] Exemplarily, the optical element 20 may be a camera, a fingerprint sensor, an infrared sensor, etc. When the optical element 20 is working, it is necessary for external light to pass through the second display area AA2 and irradiate the optical element 20 to activate its corresponding function. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical element 20 is taken as an example of a camera.

[0056] Exemplarily, when the camera is working, external light can pass through the portion of the display substrate 10 located in the second display area AA2. In this way, the camera can collect the light to achieve the function of taking pictures or recording videos. For example, when the camera is working (for example, the user takes a selfie), the second display area AA2 can present a black screen, and the first display area AA1 presents the user's selfie picture, which clearly shows the location of the camera. Alternatively, the first display area AA1 and the second display area AA2 present the user's selfie picture as a whole, without showing the location of the camera.

[0057] Exemplarily, when the camera is not working, the portions of the display substrate 10 located in the first display area AA1 and the second display area AA2 can both be displayed, so that the display substrate 10 and the display device as a whole can display images.

[0058] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the display substrate 10 may include a substrate 100 and a light shielding layer 200 disposed on the substrate 100, and the light shielding layer 200 has a plurality of light-transmitting openings S. The light shielding layer 200 may be formed of a light-opaque material. Since the optical element 20 is disposed in the second display area AA2, external light may pass through the light-transmitting openings S, penetrate the display substrate 10, and enter the optical element 20, so that the optical element 20 may collect external light.

[0059] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, from the side close to the first display area AA1 to the side far from the first display area AA1, the second display area AA2 is divided into N sub-areas 300, each of the sub-areas 300 is respectively provided with a plurality of the light-transmitting openings S, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. The closer the sub-area 300 is to the first display area AA1, the smaller the total area of ​​the light-transmitting openings S in the corresponding sub-area 300.

[0060] In this way, while ensuring that the light transmittance requirement of the second display area AA2 is met, the total area ratio of the light-transmitting opening S in the second display area AA2 gradually changes from the side away from the first display area AA1 to the side close to the first display area AA1, thereby reducing the appearance difference between the first display area AA1 and the second display area AA2 and optimizing the appearance visibility of the product.

[0061] In some embodiments, the second display area AA2 may be located on one side of the first display area AA1; or, the first display area AA1 may at least partially surround the periphery of the second display area AA2. For example, the second display area AA2 may be half-surrounded or fully surrounded by the first display area AA1. The second display area AA2 may be circular, rectangular, or elliptical, etc. The figure is only an example of the second display area AA2 being a rectangle.

[0062] For example, when the display area AA is in the shape of a rectangle, the second display area AA2 may be located at any position in the middle of the rectangle, or the second display area AA2 may be located near any corner of the rectangle, or the second display area AA2 may be located near any side of the rectangle.

[0063] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the first display area AA1 at least partially surrounds the periphery of the second display area AA2. At this time, the N sub-areas 300 are nested in sequence along the direction from the center of the second display area AA2 to the periphery of the second display area AA2. In other words, the N sub-areas 300 are nested from the inside to the outside. At this time, the closer the sub-area 300 is to the periphery of the second display area AA2, the closer it is to the first display area AA1. Therefore, among the N sub-areas 300, the closer to the periphery of the second display area AA2, the smaller the total area of ​​the light-transmitting opening S in the corresponding sub-area 300.

[0064] It should be understood that in other embodiments not shown, the second display area AA2 may be located on one side of the first display area AA1. In this case, the N sub-areas 300 may be arranged in a row along a straight line pointing from the first display area AA1 to the second display area AA2. Similarly, the closer to the first display area AA1, the smaller the total area of ​​the light-transmitting opening S in the corresponding sub-area 300.

[0065] In some embodiments, the N sub-regions 300 include: a first sub-region 310 located at the center of the second display area AA2 , and a plurality of second sub-regions sequentially nested and stacked around the first sub-region 310 .

[0066] For the convenience of description, the following uses the figure as an example. Figure 1 As shown, there are three second sub-regions, which are the first outward-expanding sub-region 321, the second outward-expanding sub-region 322 and the third outward-expanding sub-region 330. The first outward-expanding sub-region 321, the second outward-expanding sub-region 322 and the third outward-expanding sub-region 330 are nested in sequence from the inside to the outside in the periphery of the first sub-region 310.

[0067] For any second sub-region, relative to another sub-region adjacent to and nested therein, the outward expansion dimension along the first direction X is the first width D1, and the outward expansion dimension along the second direction Y is the second width D2; the first sub-region 310 has a third width D3 in the first direction X, and a fourth width D4 in the second direction Y; the first width D1, the second width D2, the third width D3 and the fourth width D4 are all within the threshold, and the first direction X and the second direction Y intersect each other.

[0068] Taking the second display area AA2 as a rectangular shape as an example, the first direction X and the second direction Y may be the length and width directions of the second display area AA2 respectively.

[0069] In the above scheme, the width of any sub-area 300 along the first direction X and the second direction Y is limited within the threshold, that is, the second display area AA2 is partitioned according to the gradient range of the threshold, and the light-transmitting openings S are differentiatedly designed for each sub-area 300 obtained after the partitioning.

[0070] According to Rayleigh's judgment, assuming that the diameter of the human pupil is 5 mm and the wavelength of the incident light is 500 nm, the minimum resolution that the human eye can see is 1.22*10 -4 rad, assuming the distance between the object and the human eye is 25cm, the smallest detail visible to the human eye is about 30.5μm.

[0071] The above is a theoretical calculation of the resolution of the human eye. Under extreme conditions, the human eye can distinguish objects of about 30.5μm, but in actual operation, the difference of 30.5μm cannot be distinguished on the display screen. In actual sensory experience, the human eye can distinguish differences in the range of about 0.2mm. Therefore, in some embodiments, the threshold value may be 0.3mm. However, the value of the threshold value is not limited to this. For example, the threshold value may include a variation range of less than or equal to 50% of 0.3mm, such as less than or equal to ±5%, less than or equal to ±4%, less than or equal to ±3%, less than or equal to ±2%, less than or equal to ±1%, less than or equal to ±0.5%, less than or equal to ±0.1%, less than or equal to ±0.05%.

[0072] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the first width D1 of each second sub-area is the same, the second width D2 of each second sub-area is the same, the third width D3 is equal to the first width D1, and the fourth width D4 is equal to the second width D2. In this way, the distribution of the sub-areas 300 is more uniform, and the gradual transition effect of the appearance difference from the second display area AA2 to the first display area AA1 is better.

[0073] Of course, it is understandable that in other embodiments, the first width D1 of each second sub-area may also differ within the threshold range, the second width D2 of each second sub-area may also differ within the threshold range, and the third width D3 and fourth width D4 of the first sub-area 310 may also differ from the size of the second sub-area within the threshold range.

[0074] The number of light-transmitting openings S in each sub-region 300 distributed in a predetermined unit area is the opening distribution density. The differentiated design of the total area ratio of the light-transmitting openings S in different sub-regions 300 in the corresponding sub-region 300 can be achieved from the aspects of the opening distribution density of the light-transmitting openings S or the opening area of ​​a single light-transmitting opening S.

[0075] In some embodiments, the opening distribution density of the N sub-regions 300 gradually decreases along the direction away from the first display area AA1, so that the total area proportion of the light-transmitting openings S in the N sub-regions 300 in the corresponding sub-regions 300 gradually decreases.

[0076] For example, Figure 2 As shown in the figure as an example, in some embodiments, the plurality of light-transmitting openings S of each sub-region 300 are distributed in an array, and in the row direction, the spacing between any two adjacent light-transmitting openings S is a first spacing P1, and in the column direction, the spacing between any two adjacent light-transmitting openings is a second spacing P2, wherein the first spacing P1 and the second spacing P2 in the same sub-region 300 may be the same or different. At this time, the light-transmitting openings S are periodically and repeatedly arranged.

[0077] At least one of the first pitch P1 and the second pitch P2 in different sub-regions 300 may be set differently to achieve different opening distribution densities in different sub-regions 300 .

[0078] In some embodiments, at least one of the first pitch P1 and the second pitch P2 of the N sub-regions 300 gradually decreases along a direction away from the first display area AA1, so that the opening distribution density of the N sub-regions 300 gradually decreases.

[0079] For example, see Figure 1 As shown, there are three second sub-regions, which are the first outward-expanding sub-region 321, the second outward-expanding sub-region 322 and the third outward-expanding sub-region 330. The first outward-expanding sub-region 321, the second outward-expanding sub-region 322 and the third outward-expanding sub-region 330 are nested in sequence from the inside to the outside in the periphery of the first sub-region 310.

[0080] The first pitch P1 of the light-transmitting openings S in the third outward-expanding sub-region 330 , the second outward-expanding sub-region 322 , the first outward-expanding sub-region 321 , and the first sub-region 310 gradually decreases.

[0081] In some embodiments, Figure 3 As shown, the second display area AA2 includes a plurality of pixel units P distributed in an array. Each of the pixel units P may include at least two sub-pixels that emit light of different colors. For example, one of the pixel units P may include a red sub-pixel R, a blue sub-pixel B, and a green sub-pixel G; or one of the pixel units P may include a red sub-pixel R, a blue sub-pixel B, a green sub-pixel G, and a white sub-pixel W.

[0082] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the plurality of pixel units P are arranged in a matrix, and the pixel pitch between adjacent pixel units P is a third pitch P3. The plurality of pixel units P are arranged periodically. The pixel pitch between adjacent pixel units P may refer to the spacing between the centers of two adjacent pixel units P.

[0083] In some embodiments, the light-transmitting openings S are distributed in an array, and the pixel units P are distributed in an array. In the row direction, there is a first pitch P1 between two adjacent light-transmitting openings S, and in the column direction, there is a second pitch P2 between two adjacent light-transmitting openings S, wherein the first pitch P1 and the second pitch P2 may be the same or different, and the following relationship may be satisfied between P1, P2, and P3: at least one of P1 and P2 is K times of P3. That is, P1 = K*P3, and / or, P2 = K*P3, wherein K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. In other words, the spacing between two adjacent light-transmitting openings S in the row direction and / or the column direction is an integer multiple of the pixel spacing.

[0084] For example, taking the first pitch P1 as K times the third pitch P3, when K=1, it means that the first pitch P1 between the light-transmitting openings S is the same as the pixel pitch, and at this time, the arrangement period of the light-transmitting openings S is the same as the arrangement period of the pixel units P. When K=2, it means that the first pitch P1 between the light-transmitting openings S is twice the pixel pitch.

[0085] It should be noted that when P1 and P2 are different and both are integer multiples of P3, the multiples K of P1 and P2 relative to P3 may be different. For example, P1 may be K1 times P3, P2 may be K2 times P4, and K1 and K2 may be different.

[0086] In some embodiments, along the direction away from the first display area AA1, among the N sub-areas 300, the closer to the first display area AA1, the larger the value of K is, so that the opening distribution density of the N sub-areas 300 gradually decreases along the direction away from the first display area AA1.

[0087] In some embodiments, of two adjacent sub-areas 300 , the value of K corresponding to the sub-area 300 closer to the first display area AA1 is twice the value of K corresponding to the other sub-area 300 .

[0088] For the convenience of description below, when K=1, that is, when any one of the first pitch P1 and the second pitch P2 is the same as the third pitch P3, the arrangement of the light-transmitting openings S in the sub-region 300 is referred to as single-period openings; when K=2, that is, when any one of the first pitch P1 and the second pitch P2 is twice the third pitch P3, the arrangement of the light-transmitting openings S in the sub-region 300 is referred to as double-period openings; and so on. Please refer to Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a sub-region 300 designed for a single-period opening; Figure 4 Shown is a schematic diagram of a sub-region 300 of a dual-period design.

[0089] For example, see Figure 3 As shown, K corresponding to the first sub-region 310 is equal to 1, that is, the first sub-region 310 adopts a single-period opening design to ensure that the light transmittance of the first sub-region 310 is maximized; see Figure 4 As shown, K corresponding to the first outward-expanding sub-region 321 is equal to 2, that is, the first outward-expanding sub-region 321 adopts a double-period opening design, and the light-transmitting opening S between the first sub-region 310 is designed in a gradient manner, which ensures light transmittance while reducing the reflectivity difference with the first sub-region 310; K corresponding to the second outward-expanding sub-region 322 is equal to 4, that is, the second outward-expanding sub-region 322 adopts a four-period opening design, and the light-transmitting opening S between the first outward-expanding sub-region 321 is designed in a gradient manner, which ensures light transmittance while reducing the reflectivity difference with the first outward-expanding sub-region 321; K corresponding to the third outward-expanding sub-region 330 is equal to 8, that is, the third outward-expanding sub-region 330 adopts an eight-period opening design, and the light-transmitting opening S between the second outward-expanding sub-region 322 is designed in a gradient manner, which ensures light transmittance while reducing the reflectivity difference between the second outward-expanding sub-region 322 and the first display area AA1. In this way, the first pitch P1 of the light-transmitting openings S in the second outward-expanding sub-region 322 , the first outward-expanding sub-region 321 , and the first sub-region 310 is gradually reduced.

[0090] In the above embodiment, the spacings between the light-transmitting openings S in different sub-regions 300 are designed differently, so that the opening distribution densities in different sub-regions 300 are different.

[0091] In some other embodiments, the plurality of light-transmitting openings S in each of the sub-regions 300 include a plurality of repeating units S0 that are repeatedly arranged. Figure 5 As shown, one of the repeating units S0 corresponds to the pixel units P arranged in rows M1 and columns M2, and both M1 and M2 are positive integers greater than or equal to 1. Figure 5 As shown in the example, one repeating unit S0 corresponds to pixel units P with 3 rows and 3 columns.

[0092] The number of light-transmitting openings S in one of the repeating units S0 is M3. In the direction away from the first display area AA1, the closer the sub-area 300 is to the first display area AA1 in the N sub-areas 300, the greater the value of M3. In this way, by differentially designing the number M3 of light-transmitting openings S in one of the repeating units S0 in different sub-areas 300, the differentiation of the opening distribution density in different sub-areas 300 is achieved.

[0093] In some embodiments, the multiple light-transmitting openings S in each of the repeating units S0 are distributed as M1 rows and M2 columns, wherein, along the direction away from the first display area AA1, the total number of light-transmitting openings S in the sub-area 300 closer to the first display area AA1 among the N sub-areas 300 is greater, and the number of light-transmitting openings S in at least one row or at least one column gradually increases.

[0094] In order to facilitate the explanation of the above embodiments, Figure 5 and Figure 6 See the example shown in the figure for explanation. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, one repeating unit S0 corresponds to pixel units P of 3 rows and 3 columns.

[0095] like Figure 5 As shown, in the first sub-region 310, a single-period opening design is adopted, and the spacing between the light-transmitting openings S in the row direction or the column direction is equal to the third spacing P3. At this time, 3 rows and 3 columns of pixel units P are distributed in one of the repeating units S0, and 3 rows and 3 columns of light-transmitting openings S are distributed in one of the repeating units S0. The total number of light-transmitting openings S is 9, 3 light-transmitting openings S are distributed in a single row, and 3 light-transmitting openings S are distributed in a single column. The opening density of the first sub-region 310 is defined as 100%, and the single-period opening design is performed in the first sub-region 310, which can ensure the maximum opening density design;

[0096] like Figure 6As shown, in the first outward-expanded sub-region 321, the light-transmitting openings S in one of the repeating units S0 are distributed in 3 rows and 3 columns, the total number of the light-transmitting openings S is 8, 2 rows are distributed with 3 light-transmitting openings S, 1 row is distributed with 2 light-transmitting openings S, 2 columns are distributed with 3 light-transmitting openings S, and 1 column is distributed with 2 light-transmitting openings S. In other words, compared with the first sub-region 310, it is equivalent to the first outward-expanded sub-region 321 lacking one of the light-transmitting openings S. At this time, the opening density of the first outward-expanded sub-region 321 is 89%, which ensures the light transmittance while reducing the reflectivity difference with the first sub-region 310;

[0097] In the second outward-expanded sub-region 322, the light-transmitting openings S in one of the repeating units S0 are distributed in 3 rows and 3 columns, and the total number of the light-transmitting openings S is 7, 1 row is distributed with 3 light-transmitting openings S, 2 rows are distributed with 2 light-transmitting openings S, 1 column is distributed with 3 light-transmitting openings S, and 2 columns are distributed with 2 light-transmitting openings S. In other words, compared with the first sub-region 310, it is equivalent to the first sub-region 310 lacking 2 light-transmitting openings S. At this time, the opening density of the second outward-expanded sub-region 322 is 77%, which ensures the light transmittance while reducing the reflectivity difference with the first outward-expanded sub-region 321;

[0098] In the third outward-expanded sub-region 330, the light-transmitting openings S in one of the repeating units S0 are distributed in 3 rows and 3 columns, and the total number of the light-transmitting openings S is 4, 1 row is distributed with 0 light-transmitting openings S, 2 rows are distributed with 2 light-transmitting openings S, 1 column is distributed with 0 light-transmitting openings S, and 2 columns are distributed with 2 light-transmitting openings S. In other words, compared with the first sub-region 310, it is equivalent to that 4 light-transmitting openings S are missing in the first sub-region 310. At this time, the opening density of the third outward-expanded sub-region 330 is 44%, which ensures the light transmittance while reducing the reflectivity difference with the first display area AA1.

[0099] The above is merely an example of differentiating the design of the opening distribution density of the light-transmitting openings S in different sub-regions 300 , but does not limit the number and arrangement of the light-transmitting openings S.

[0100] In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, a differentiated design is performed in terms of the spacing between the light-transmitting openings S in each sub-region 300 and the opening distribution density, so as to achieve a differentiated design of the total area ratio of the light-transmitting openings S in each sub-region 300. In other embodiments, the opening area sizes of the single light-transmitting openings S in different sub-regions 300 can also be differentiated to achieve a differentiated design of the total area ratio of the light-transmitting openings S in each sub-region 300. For example, the closer to the first display area AA1, the smaller the opening area of ​​the single light-transmitting opening S in the sub-region 300.

[0101] In addition, in some embodiments, a filler may be provided in the light-transmitting opening S, and the material of the filler may be a transparent light-transmitting material, or the filler may be a filter material that can filter light of a predetermined wavelength according to the functional band of the optical element 20. For example, taking the optical element 20 as a fingerprint recognition sensor, if the functional band of the fingerprint recognition sensor is the G band (green band), the light-transmitting opening S may be filled with a green filter material; taking the optical element 20 as an infrared sensor, the infrared sensor uses infrared light with a band of 940nm for recognition, so the light-transmitting opening S may be filled with a red filter material.

[0102] In the display substrate 10, the light shielding layer 200 may be a film layer or a plurality of film layers in the shape of a light shielding material. When the light shielding layer 200 includes at least two film layers, the light-transmitting opening S may be formed by overlapping openings respectively provided on at least two film layers. For example, the light shielding layer 200 may include at least a first light shielding layer 210 and a second light shielding layer 220, wherein the first light shielding layer 210 is provided with a plurality of first openings 211, and the second light shielding layer 220 is provided with a plurality of second openings 221, wherein at least part of the first openings 211 and at least part of the second openings 221 overlap in their orthographic projection on the substrate 100, and the overlapping first openings 211 and the second openings 221 cooperate to form a plurality of the light-transmitting openings S. The shapes and sizes of the first openings 211 and the second openings 221 may be the same or different, and the shapes of the first openings 211 and the second openings 221 may be any regular or irregular shapes such as square, circular, polygonal, etc.

[0103] As an exemplary embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the display substrate 10 includes a color filter layer 400 disposed on the substrate 100. The color filter layer 400 includes a plurality of filter units 410 distributed in an array and a black matrix layer 420 disposed between different filter units 410. That is, a COE structure is disposed on the substrate 100. The first light shielding layer 210 may include the black matrix layer 420, and the plurality of first openings 211 are disposed on the black matrix layer 420 and located between different filter units 410.

[0104] Furthermore, in some embodiments, Figure 2As shown, the display substrate 10 further includes a pixel definition layer 500, which may be disposed between the substrate 100 and the color filter layer 400, and a plurality of pixel openings are defined on the pixel definition layer 500. The second light shielding layer 220 may include the pixel definition layer 500, and a plurality of the second openings 221 are disposed on the pixel definition layer 500 and located between different pixel openings.

[0105] It should be understood that in practical applications, the shading layer 200 on the display substrate 10 may not be limited to including the above-mentioned pixel definition layer 500 and the black matrix in the COE structure, but may also include any shading layer 200 on the display substrate 10 that blocks external light from being incident on the optical element 20.

[0106] In addition, in some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the display substrate 10 also includes a pixel driving layer 600 and a light-emitting element 700. The pixel driving layer 600 can be arranged between the pixel definition layer 500 and the substrate 100, and the light-emitting element 700 can be arranged in the pixel opening. The pixel driving layer 600 can be used to drive the light-emitting element 700 to emit light.

[0107] The light-emitting element 700 includes but is not limited to OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode), Mini LED (Mini Light-Emitting Diode), Micro LED (MicroLight-Emitting Diode), etc.

[0108] In addition, the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a display device, which includes the display substrate 10 and the optical element 20 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the optical element 20 is arranged corresponding to the second display area AA2. The optical element 20 may include but is not limited to a camera, a fingerprint recognition sensor, and an infrared sensor. The optical element 20 may be located on the non-light-emitting side 10B of the display substrate 10, or between the light-shielding layer 200 and the substrate 100, so as to realize functions such as under-screen or in-screen fingerprint recognition.

[0109] In addition, the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a display device, which includes the display substrate 10 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure. The display device includes but is not limited to devices with display functions such as smart phones, displays, laptops, tablet computers, electronic photo frames, driving recorders, smart wearable devices, etc. Other essential components of the display device (such as driver chips) should be understood by ordinary technicians in the field, and will not be described in detail here, nor should they be used as limitations on the present disclosure. Since the principle of solving the problem by the display device is similar to the principle of solving the problem by the above-mentioned display substrate 10, the embodiment of the display device provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure can refer to the embodiment of the above-mentioned display substrate 10 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, and will not be described in detail here.

[0110] There are a few points to note:

[0111] (1) The drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure only relate to the structures related to the embodiments of the present disclosure, and other structures may refer to the general design.

[0112] (2) For the sake of clarity, in the drawings used to describe the embodiments of the present disclosure, the thickness of layers or regions is exaggerated or reduced, that is, these drawings are not drawn according to the actual scale. It is understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region or substrate is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, the element may be "directly" "on" or "under" the other element or there may be intermediate elements.

[0113] (3) In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features therein may be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0114] The above are only specific implementations of the present disclosure, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the protection scope of the present disclosure shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A display substrate, characterized in that: The display substrate comprises a first display area and a second display area located on one side of the first display area, wherein the light transmittance of the second display area is greater than the light transmittance of the first display area; the display substrate comprises a substrate and a light shielding layer disposed on the substrate, wherein the light shielding layer has a plurality of light-transmitting openings; wherein, From the side close to the first display area to the side far from the first display area, the second display area is divided into N sub-areas, each of the sub-areas is respectively provided with a plurality of the light-transmitting openings, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; and the closer the sub-area is to the first display area, the smaller the total area proportion of the light-transmitting openings in the corresponding sub-area.

2. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first display area at least partially surrounds the periphery of the second display area, and the N sub-areas are nested in sequence along a direction from the center of the second display area to the periphery of the second display area, and the closer to the periphery of the second display area, the smaller the total area of ​​the light-transmitting opening in the corresponding sub-area.

3. The display substrate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The N sub-areas include: a first sub-area located at the center of the second display area; and A plurality of second sub-areas are sequentially nested around the first sub-area; wherein, For any second sub-region, relative to the sub-region adjacent to and nested within it, the outward expansion dimension along the first direction is the first width, and the outward expansion dimension along the second direction is the second width; the first sub-region has a third width in the first direction and a fourth width in the second direction; the first width, the second width, the third width and the fourth width are all within the threshold, and the first direction and the second direction intersect each other.

4. The display substrate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The threshold value is 0.3 mm.

5. The display substrate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first widths of the second sub-regions are all the same, the second widths of the second sub-regions are all the same, the third width is equal to the first width, and the fourth width is equal to the second width.

6. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of light-transmitting openings in each of the sub-regions distributed in a predetermined unit area is the opening distribution density; wherein, along the direction away from the first display area, the opening distribution density of the N sub-regions gradually decreases, so that the total area proportion of the light-transmitting openings in the N sub-regions in the corresponding sub-regions gradually decreases.

7. The display substrate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The multiple light-transmitting openings of each sub-region are distributed in an array, and in the row direction, the spacing between any two adjacent light-transmitting openings is a first spacing P1, and in the column direction, the spacing between any two adjacent light-transmitting openings is a second spacing P2, and P1 is the same as or different from P2; wherein, in the N sub-regions, along a direction away from the first display area, at least one of the first spacing P1 and the second spacing P2 gradually decreases, so that the opening distribution density of the N sub-regions gradually decreases.

8. The display substrate according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second display area includes a plurality of pixel units distributed in an array, and a pixel pitch between adjacent pixel units is a third pitch P3, wherein at least one of P1 and P2 is K times of P3, wherein K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; wherein, along a direction away from the first display area, among the N sub-areas, the closer to the first display area, the larger the value of K.

9. The display substrate according to claim 8, characterized in that: Of the two adjacent sub-areas, the value of K corresponding to the sub-area closer to the first display area is twice the value of K corresponding to the other sub-area.

10. The display substrate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second display area includes a plurality of pixel units distributed in an array, and a pixel pitch between adjacent pixel units is a third pitch P3; The multiple light-transmitting openings in each of the sub-areas include a plurality of repeating units that are repeatedly arranged, and one repeating unit corresponds to the pixel unit setting of M1 rows and M2 columns, and both M1 and M2 are positive integers greater than or equal to 1; the number of light-transmitting openings in one repeating unit is M3, wherein along the direction away from the first display area, the closer the sub-area among the N sub-areas is to the first display area, the larger the value of M3 is.

11. The display substrate according to claim 10, characterized in that: The multiple light-transmitting openings in each of the repeating units are distributed as M1 rows and M2 columns, wherein, along the direction away from the first display area, the total number of light-transmitting openings in the N sub-areas closer to the first display area is greater, and the number of light-transmitting openings in at least one row or at least one column gradually increases.

12. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filler is arranged in the light-transmitting opening, and the material of the filler includes a transparent light-transmitting material or a filter material for filtering light of a predetermined wavelength.

13. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light shielding layer comprises: A first light-shielding layer and a second light-shielding layer, wherein the first light-shielding layer is provided with a plurality of first openings, and the second light-shielding layer is provided with a plurality of second openings, wherein at least a portion of the first openings and at least a portion of the second openings overlap in their orthographic projection on the substrate, and the overlapping first openings and the second openings cooperate to form a plurality of the light-transmitting openings.

14. The display substrate according to claim 13, characterized in that: The display substrate further comprises: a color filter layer, disposed on the substrate, the color filter layer comprising a plurality of filter units distributed in an array and a black matrix layer disposed between different filter units, the first light shielding layer comprising the black matrix layer, and a plurality of the first openings being disposed on the black matrix layer and located between different filter units; and The pixel definition layer is arranged between the substrate and the color filter layer, and the pixel definition layer defines a plurality of pixel openings. The second light shielding layer includes the pixel definition layer, and a plurality of the second openings are arranged between different pixel openings.

15. A display device, characterized in that: include: The display substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 14; and An optical element is located on the non-light-exiting side of the display substrate, or between the light-shielding layer and the substrate, and the optical element is arranged corresponding to the second display area.

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