Method for improving germination rate of wheat seeds
By soaking wheat seeds in 40% alcohol solution or 15g/L hydrogen peroxide solution for 1 minute, the problem of wheat seeds being susceptible to mold in high temperature and high humidity weather was solved, and the germination rate and seedling morphology were improved, achieving the completion of the germination rate and seedling shape. Efficient and safe production in agriculture.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411846197.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-11
AI Technical Summary
Wheat seeds are susceptible to mold in high temperature and high humidity weather, resulting in a reduced germination rate and poor seedling development, affecting yield and quality.
Soak the wheat seeds in 40% alcohol solution or 15 g/L hydrogen peroxide solution for 1 minute to relieve mold staining and promote germination.
The germination rate of wheat seeds and the formation of seedlings has been improved, providing efficient and safe production technical support for agriculture.
Smart Images
Figure CN119404641A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of seed germination, in particular to a method for improving the germination rate of wheat seeds. Background Art
[0002] Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important food crops in the world and is widely distributed throughout the world. As an important wheat producer in the world, China mainly grows winter wheat and spring wheat. Among them, the southwest region is an important production area for winter wheat, but the region often faces high temperature and high humidity during the wheat grain filling period, which makes wheat seeds susceptible to mold infection (such as Fusarium, Gibberella, etc.), which in turn leads to a decrease in seed germination rate and poor seedling development, which ultimately seriously affects yield and quality. Therefore, how to effectively prevent and control mold infection is crucial to ensure the germination of wheat seeds and the healthy growth of seedlings.
[0003] Seed soaking with chemical reagents has been proven to be an effective method to reduce fungal infection. Although seed soaking with chemical reagents can reduce the rate of seed rot and improve the antibacterial effect, it can also inhibit seed germination and seedling morphology. Summary of the invention
[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for improving the germination rate of wheat seeds. The method provided by the present invention not only alleviates the fungus infection of wheat seeds, but also promotes the germination of wheat seeds and the formation of seedling morphology, providing technical support for efficient and safe agricultural production.
[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
[0006] The invention provides a method for improving the germination rate of wheat seeds, comprising the following steps: soaking the wheat seeds in a seed soaking agent for 1 minute; the seed soaking agent is an alcohol solution with a volume concentration of 40% or a hydrogen peroxide solution with a volume concentration of 15g / L.
[0007] Preferably, the wheat seeds are seeds of 'Chuanmai 605'.
[0008] Preferably, the wheat seeds are pretreated before soaking; the pretreatment includes: freezing the wheat seeds in an environment of -20°C for 12 hours.
[0009] Preferably, after the soaking is completed, the soaked wheat seeds are cultured to obtain wheat seedlings.
[0010] Preferably, the culture temperature is 20°C.
[0011] Preferably, the culture time is 7 days.
[0012] Preferably, the soaked wheat seeds are further subjected to a cleaning process before being cultured; and the solvent used in the cleaning process includes water.
[0013] Preferably, the culture device comprises a germination box.
[0014] Preferably, the culture device is a germination box covered with three layers of germination paper.
[0015] The present invention provides the application of the method described in the above technical solution in promoting one or more of wheat seed germination, seedling morphology establishment and alleviating mold infection.
[0016] Beneficial effects:
[0017] The present invention provides a method for improving the germination rate of wheat seeds, comprising the following steps: soaking the wheat seeds in a seed soaking agent for 1 minute; the seed soaking agent is a 40% alcohol solution or a 15g / L hydrogen peroxide solution. The present invention soaks the wheat seeds for a suitable time with a suitable seed soaking agent, which not only alleviates the fungus infection of the wheat seeds, but also promotes the germination of the wheat seeds and the formation of the seedling morphology, providing technical support for efficient and safe agricultural production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments are briefly introduced below.
[0019] Figure 1 The germination potential of different treatment groups at different soaking times;
[0020] Figure 2 is the germination rate of different treatment groups at different soaking times;
[0021] Figure 3 is the germination index of different treatment groups at different seed soaking times;
[0022] Figure 4 is the vitality index of different treatment groups at different soaking times;
[0023] Figure 5 The taproot length of different treatment groups at different soaking times;
[0024] Figure 6 The number of roots in different treatment groups at different soaking times;
[0025] Figure 7 The plant heights of different treatment groups at different seed soaking times;
[0026] Figure 8 The whole plant fresh weight of different treatment groups at different soaking times;
[0027] Fig. 9 is the mildew rate of different treatment groups at different soaking times;
[0028] Fig.10 is the antibacterial rate of different treatment groups at different soaking times;
[0029] Fig.11 The results of correlation analysis among wheat seed germination index, seedling morphology index and mildew index within 0 to 5 minutes of seed soaking;
[0030] Fig.12 The results of correlation analysis among wheat seed germination index, seedling morphology index and mildew index within 5 to 60 minutes of seed soaking;
[0031] Figures 1 to 10 In the middle, ns, * and ** indicate P ≥ 0.05, P < 0.05, and P < 0.01, respectively, compared with the control; Fig.11 and Fig.12 In the figure, the larger the circle, the more significant the correlation, gray indicates negative correlation, and black indicates positive correlation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] The invention provides a method for improving the germination rate of wheat seeds, comprising the following steps: soaking the wheat seeds in a seed soaking agent for 1 minute; the seed soaking agent is an alcohol solution with a volume concentration of 40% or a hydrogen peroxide solution with a volume concentration of 15g / L.
[0033] The invention soaks wheat seeds for a suitable time by using a suitable soaking agent, which not only alleviates the infection of mold on the wheat seeds, but also promotes the germination of the wheat seeds and the formation of the seedling morphology, thus providing technical support for efficient and safe agricultural production.
[0034] As an embodiment, the wheat seeds are seeds of 'Chuanmai 605'.
[0035] As an embodiment, the wheat seeds are pretreated before soaking; the pretreatment includes: freezing the wheat seeds in an environment of -20°C for 12 hours. The present invention can break seed dormancy by pretreating the wheat seeds.
[0036] As an implementation mode, after soaking, the soaked wheat seeds are cultured to obtain wheat seedlings.
[0037] As an embodiment, the culture temperature is 20°C.
[0038] As an embodiment, the culturing time is 7 days.
[0039] As an embodiment, the soaked wheat seeds are further subjected to a cleaning process before being cultured; and the solvent used in the cleaning process includes water.
[0040] As an embodiment, the culture device includes a germination box.
[0041] As an embodiment, the culture device is a germination box covered with three layers of germination paper.
[0042] Based on the above advantages, the present invention provides the application of the method described in the above technical solution in promoting one or more of wheat seed germination, seedling morphology establishment and alleviating mold infection.
[0043] In order to further illustrate the present invention, a method for improving the germination rate of wheat seeds provided by the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0044] Example 1
[0045] The wheat variety used for the test was Sichuan Province's main winter wheat variety 'Chuanmai 605' (infected by mold during harvest), which was provided by Chengdu Damei Seed Co., Ltd.
[0046] 1000g of plump, uniform-sized, insect-free and undamaged wheat seeds were selected and placed in a -20℃ freezer for 12h to break seed dormancy. After the treatment, the seeds were divided into 5 portions, each of which was 200g. Four of them were soaked in 40% (v / v) alcohol solution, 1.5% (i.e. 15g / L) hydrogen peroxide solution, 2.5% (i.e. 25g / L) sodium hypochlorite solution and 45% (i.e. 450g / L) potassium permanganate solution, respectively. The soaking time of each portion was set to 0.5min, 1min, 5min, 10min, 30min and 60min, as the experimental group, with a total of 24 treatments. Another portion was soaked in clean water for 80min as the control group. Three replicates were set for each treatment. According to the method of "Germination Test of Crop Seed Inspection Procedure GB / T3543.4-1995", the soaked seeds were cleaned with clean water and placed in a germination box (length, width and height: 12 cm × 12 cm × 6 cm, purchased from Taixing Wantong Medical Equipment Factory) covered with three layers of germination paper, with 100 seeds placed in each box, and cultured in a constant temperature incubator at 20°C. The germination of wheat seeds and the growth of seedlings were observed and recorded every day for 7 days.
[0047] Germination index determination
[0048] Seed germination indexes were determined according to the method described in the literature [Kuang Yi, Li Tingxuan, Yu Haiying. Variety differences and types of responses of iron, manganese, copper and zinc content in triticale grains to nitrogen [J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, 2011, 17(05): 1075-1082.]. Seed germination potential was determined on the third day of culture, and seed germination rate was determined on the seventh day of culture. From the beginning of culture to the seventh day of culture, the seed germination rate was continuously measured daily, and the germination index was calculated. At the same time, the vitality index was calculated based on the average length of the seedlings after 7 days of germination. The calculation formula is as follows:
[0049] Germination potential = (number of germinated seeds on the third day / number of test seeds) × 100%;
[0050] Germination rate = (number of germinated seeds on the 7th day / number of test seeds) × 100%;
[0051]
[0052] Vitality index = germination index × average length of seedlings 7 days after germination.
[0053] Agronomic trait index determination
[0054] On the 7th day of cultivation, 10 wheat seedlings with uniform growth were randomly selected from each treatment, and their agronomic traits such as root length, root number, seedling length and seedling fresh weight were measured.
[0055] Evaluation of antibacterial effect
[0056] On the 7th day of cultivation, the mildew rate of seeds in each treatment was determined and the antibacterial rate was calculated. The method was based on the method described in the literature [Niu Kangkang, Liu Yuanxiao, Li Mengmeng, et al. Effects of chlorine dioxide solution treatment on the bacterial load and germination of wheat [J]. Food Science and Technology, 2023, 48(02): 156-162.] The calculation formula is as follows:
[0057] Seed rot rate = (number of rotten seeds on the 7th day / total number of test seeds) × 100%;
[0058] Inhibition rate = [(the number of colonies in the control group on the 7th day - the number of colonies in the treatment group) / the number of colonies in the control group on the 7th day] × 100%;
[0059] Data statistics and analysis
[0060] Microsoft Excel 2019 software was used to statistically analyze the data, SPSS20.0 software was used to perform one-way analysis of variance at the probability levels of P≤0.05 and P≤0.01, and origin 2024b software was used to perform correlation analysis and plot at the probability level of P≤0.05.
[0061] Results and Analysis
[0062] The results of the effects of four chemical soaking tests and soaking time on wheat seed germination are shown in Figure 1 to Figure 4 and Table 1.
[0063] Table 1 Effects of four chemical soaking tests and soaking time on wheat seed germination
[0064]
[0065] Note: The results in the table are average values, where the soaking time of 0 min in each treatment group is the result corresponding to the control group, that is, the result corresponding to soaking the seeds in clean water for 80 min. The same applies to the following table.
[0066] The results showed that there were significant differences in the effects of seed soaking and soaking time of four chemical reagents on the germination indexes of wheat seeds. When treated with 40% alcohol solution, the germination indexes of seeds reached their peaks at 1 minute of soaking, among which the highest germination potential was 83%, the highest germination rate was 84%, the highest germination index was 40, and the highest vitality index was 298, which were 16.90%, 16.67%, 17.65% and 22.63% higher than those of the control, respectively. However, with the extension of soaking time, the germination indexes of seeds gradually decreased, and were significantly lower than those of the control group after soaking for 10 minutes. When treated with 1.5% hydrogen peroxide solution, the germination indexes of seeds also reached their peaks at 1 minute of soaking, among which the germination potential was 83%, the germination rate was 83%, the germination index was 40, and the vitality index was 302, which were 16.90%, 15.28%, 17.65% and 24.28% higher than those of the control, respectively. Then, all the indices gradually decreased, but were significantly lower than the control group after 30 minutes of soaking. When soaking seeds with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite solution, the germination indices of seeds reached the maximum value at 5 minutes of soaking, among which the germination potential was 79%, the germination rate was 80%, the germination index was 38, and the vitality index was 263, which were 11.27%, 11.11%, 11.76% and 7.79% higher than the control, respectively. However, when the soaking time exceeded 5 minutes, the germination indices decreased rapidly, and were significantly lower than the control group after the soaking time exceeded 10 minutes. When soaking seeds with 45% potassium permanganate solution, as the soaking time prolonged, the germination index values of seeds gradually increased, reaching the maximum value when the soaking time reached 30 minutes, with the germination potential of 79%, the germination rate of 80%, the germination index of 38, and the vitality index of 298, which were 11.27%, 11.11%, 11.76% and 22.63% higher than the control, respectively.
[0067] The results of the effects of four chemical seed soaking tests and soaking time on the morphological development of wheat seedlings are shown in Figures 5 to 8 and Table 2.
[0068] Table 2 Effects of four chemical soaking tests and soaking time on the morphological development of wheat seedlings
[0069]
[0070]
[0071] The results showed that the four chemical reagents had a certain promoting effect on the growth of wheat seedlings when soaked in a short time (0.5-5min). Except for potassium permanganate solution, long-term soaking (10-60min) would produce a significant inhibitory effect. However, the four chemical reagents and soaking time had no significant effect on the number of fibrous roots of wheat seedlings. When soaking seeds with 40% alcohol solution, the taproot length, plant height and whole plant fresh weight of wheat seedlings gradually increased with the increase of soaking time during the soaking time of 0.5-5min, among which the taproot length, plant height and whole plant fresh weight reached the maximum value (7.245cm, 7.50cm and 0.36g) when soaking seeds for 1min, which increased by 16.29%, 4.90% and 56.52% respectively compared with the control group. However, with the extension of soaking time, the taproot length, plant height and whole plant fresh weight of wheat seedlings were significantly lower than those of the control group, and their growth was seriously inhibited. When soaking seeds with 1.5% hydrogen peroxide solution, the plant height and fresh weight of wheat seedlings were significantly higher than those of the control group during the soaking period of 0.5-5 minutes, while the taproot length was significantly higher than that of the control group during the soaking period of 0.5-60 minutes. When soaking seeds for 1 minute, the taproot length, plant height and fresh weight of wheat seedlings reached the maximum value (7.24cm, 7.63cm and 0.33g), which increased by 16.21%, 6.73% and 43.48% respectively compared with the control group. When soaking seeds with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite solution, the taproot length, plant height and fresh weight of wheat seedlings reached the maximum value (6.6cm, 7.25cm and 0.28g) at 5 minutes of soaking, which increased by 5.67%, 1.40% and 21.74% respectively compared with the control group; but after soaking seeds for 5 minutes, the taproot length and fresh weight of the whole plant were inhibited. When the seeds were soaked in 45% potassium permanganate solution for 30 minutes, the taproot length, plant height and fresh weight of wheat seedlings reached the maximum value (6.73 cm, 7.89 cm and 0.29 g), which were 8.03%, 10.34% and 26.09% higher than those in the control group, respectively. However, when the soaking time reached 60 minutes, the promoting effect was weakened.
[0072] The results of the effects of four chemical seed soaking tests and soaking time on the antibacterial effect of wheat are shown in Figures 9-10 and Table 3.
[0073] Table 3 Effects of four chemical soaking tests and soaking time on the antibacterial effect of wheat seeds
[0074]
[0075]
[0076] The results showed that compared with the control group, with the extension of the soaking time, the mildew rate of wheat seeds soaked with four chemical reagents was significantly reduced, and the antibacterial rate was significantly improved. Among them, during the soaking process of 0.5-10 minutes using 40% alcohol solution, 1.5% hydrogen peroxide solution and 45% potassium permanganate solution, the mildew rate of wheat seeds decreased relatively slowly, but the mildew phenomenon always existed during the whole test process, and the antibacterial rates of the three after soaking for 60 minutes reached 80%, 87% and 73% respectively. In contrast, after soaking with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite solution for 60 minutes, the mildew rate of wheat seeds was reduced to 0, and the antibacterial rate reached 100%.
[0077] The results of the correlation analysis are shown in Fig.11 and Fig.12 .
[0078] Correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficients among wheat seed germination indices (germination potential, germination rate, germination index, and vitality index) were close to 1, and were significantly positively correlated. When the four chemical reagents were used to soak the seeds for a short time (0.5 to 5 minutes), the antibacterial rate of wheat seeds was positively correlated with the taproot length and plant height, and was significantly positively correlated with the germination potential, germination rate, vitality index, germination index, and fresh weight of the whole plant, but was significantly negatively correlated with the mildew rate, and had no significant correlation with the number of fibrous roots ( Fig.11 ). This shows that the use of chemical reagents for short-term seed soaking (0.5-5 minutes) can not only significantly inhibit wheat seed mildew and improve the antibacterial rate, but also promote seed germination and seedling morphology. However, when the soaking time is extended to 5-60 minutes, the antibacterial rate is significantly negatively correlated with germination potential, germination rate, germination index, vitality index, whole plant fresh weight and mildew rate, and has no significant correlation with the number of fibrous roots and plant height ( Fig.12 ). This indicates that although long-term soaking (5 to 60 min) of the four chemical reagents can significantly inhibit wheat seed mildew, it also significantly inhibits seed germination and seedling morphology.
[0079] In summary, when the seeds were soaked in 40% alcohol solution and 1.5% hydrogen peroxide solution for 1 min, the seed germination and seedling morphology indexes reached the maximum value; when the seeds were soaked in 2.5% sodium hypochlorite solution for 5 min, the seed germination and seedling morphology indexes reached the maximum value; when the seeds were soaked in 45% potassium permanganate solution for 30 min, the seed germination and seedling morphology indexes reached the maximum value. However, when the soaking time was too long (5-60 min), especially after more than 30 min, although the chemical reagents could significantly reduce the seed rot rate and improve the antibacterial effect, they had a significant inhibitory effect on seed germination and seedling morphology. The results of correlation analysis showed that for short-term soaking (0.5-5 min), the antibacterial rate was significantly negatively correlated with the rot rate, and was significantly positively correlated with the germination potential, germination rate and germination index; for long-term soaking (5-60 min), the antibacterial rate was significantly negatively correlated with the germination potential, germination rate, germination index, vitality index, whole plant fresh weight and rot rate. In summary, in actual production, for the wheat variety 'Chuanmai 605' and similar varieties, soaking the seeds in 40% alcohol solution or 1.5% hydrogen peroxide solution for 1 minute can effectively alleviate the degree of fungal infection and promote seed germination and seedling morphology.
[0080] Although the above embodiment describes the present invention in detail, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for improving the germination rate of wheat seeds, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The wheat seeds are soaked in a seed soaking agent for 1 minute; the seed soaking agent is an alcohol solution with a volume concentration of 40% or a hydrogen peroxide solution with a volume concentration of 15g / L.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The wheat seeds are seeds of 'Chuanmai 605'.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The wheat seeds are pretreated before soaking; the pretreatment includes: placing the wheat seeds in a -20°C environment for freezing treatment for 12 hours.
4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: After the soaking is completed, the soaked wheat seeds are cultured to obtain wheat seedlings.
5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The culture temperature was 20°C.
6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The culture period is 7 days.
7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The soaked wheat seeds are further cleaned before being cultured; the solvent used in the cleaning process includes water.
8. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The culture device comprises a germination box.
9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The culture device is a germination box covered with three layers of germination paper.
10. Use of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in promoting one or more of wheat seed germination, seedling morphology formation and alleviating fungal infection.