Feed for increasing intramuscular fat content of mutton, method and application of feed

Abstract

The invention provides a feed for increasing the content of fat in mutton muscle, a method and application of the feed, and belongs to the technical field of animal breeding. The feed comprises the following components in parts by mass: 50-85 parts of concentrated feed and 15-50 parts of coarse feed, the concentrated feed comprises 65-75 parts of an energy feed, 20-30 parts of a protein feed, 4.0-5.0 parts of a premix and 0-1.0 part of a nutrition additive. According to the invention, intramuscular fat deposition can be promoted, intramuscular fat content can be increased, and marbling or snow-like patterns can be formed, so that the purposes of improving mutton quality and producing high-quality and high-grade mutton can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of animal breeding, and in particular relates to a feed for increasing the intramuscular fat content of mutton, a method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Mutton is very popular among consumers because it is rich in nutrients such as protein, minerals and vitamins. For a long time, the production of mutton has mainly focused on fast fattening with short cycles and high-concentrate feed to meet the market supply of mutton. High-quality and high-grade mutton, especially mutton with high intramuscular fat content and marble or snowflake patterns, is scarce in the market.

[0003] Intramuscular fat is a type of white fat distributed in muscle tissue. The fat contained in muscle tissue makes the muscles present red and white marble patterns. The fat gathered on the endomysium is evenly distributed, presenting a more delicate pattern. The intramuscular fat content of mutton is an important factor in evaluating meat quality. Improving the intramuscular fat content of mutton helps to meet the differentiated market demand for mutton and promote the differentiated development of the mutton industry. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a feed for increasing the intramuscular fat content of mutton, so as to meet the differentiated market demand for mutton and promote the differentiated development of the mutton industry.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A feed for increasing the intramuscular fat content of mutton, comprising, by weight, 50-85 parts of concentrated feed and 15-50 parts of roughage; the concentrated feed comprises 65-75 parts of energy feed, 20-30 parts of protein feed, 4.0-5.0 parts of premix and 0-1.0 part of nutritional additives.

[0007] Preferably, the premix comprises iron, copper, zinc, selenium, iodine, manganese, vitamin A, vitamin D and vitamin E.

[0008] Preferably, the nutritional additives include, by weight, 0-0.25 parts of rumen bypass methionine, 0-0.35 parts of guanidinoacetic acid, 0-0.35 parts of N-carbamylglutamate and 0-0.05 parts of vitamin E.

[0009] Preferably, the energy feed is corn.

[0010] Preferably, the protein feed is soybean meal.

[0011] Preferably, the roughage includes any one or more of oat grass, alfalfa, sheep grass or ryegrass.

[0012] The invention also provides a method for increasing the intramuscular fat content of mutton, and the feed for increasing the intramuscular fat content of mutton is used to feed fattening sheep.

[0013] Preferably, the fattening sheep are meat sheep from weaning to 10 months old.

[0014] Preferably, the feeding duration is 2 to 9 months, and the slaughter age of the fattened sheep after feeding is 5 to 12 months.

[0015] The present invention also provides application of the feed for increasing the intramuscular fat content of mutton or the method for increasing the intramuscular fat content of mutton in improving the quality of mutton.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The invention provides a feed for improving the intramuscular fat content of mutton. The components are reasonably proportioned to meet the growth needs of fattening sheep, and can also promote the deposition of intramuscular fat in fattening sheep, increase the intramuscular fat content, and improve the marbling score of mutton, thereby improving the quality of mutton. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a slice of the marbling mutton obtained by process 1 in Experimental Example 1;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a slice of the marbled mutton obtained by process 2 in Experimental Example 1;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a slice diagram of common commercially available mutton. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The invention provides a feed for improving the intramuscular fat content of mutton. The feed comprises 50-85 parts of concentrated feed and 15-50 parts of roughage in parts by mass; the concentrated feed comprises 65-75 parts of energy feed, 20-30 parts of protein feed, 4.0-5.0 parts of premix and 0-1.0 part of nutritional additives.

[0022] The present invention selects high-quality concentrated feed and roughage to meet the nutritional needs of fattening sheep, ensure the healthy growth of fattening sheep, and further help to improve the quality of mutton.

[0023] In the present invention, the roughage includes any one or more of oat grass, alfalfa, sheep grass or ryegrass. When the roughage in the present invention is any one of oat grass, alfalfa, sheep grass or ryegrass, the roughage raw materials can be mixed in any proportion.

[0024] The feed provided by the present invention preferably has a controlled concentrate content of 55 to 80 parts, more preferably 60 to 75 parts. In the breeding of mutton sheep, a large amount of concentrate feed is often used for rapid fattening, resulting in unhealthy or sub-healthy fattening sheep. The feed provided by the present invention can ensure the health of the sheep, which is conducive to obtaining high-quality mutton.

[0025] In the present invention, the energy feed content in the concentrate feed is preferably 68 to 73 parts, more preferably 70 to 72 parts; the energy feed is preferably corn. The protein feed content in the concentrate feed is preferably 22 to 27 parts, more preferably 23 to 25 parts; the protein feed is preferably soybean meal. The feed of the present invention can provide sufficient energy and protein to meet the growth needs of fattening sheep.

[0026] In the present invention, the content of premix in the concentrated feed is preferably 4.5 to 4.8 parts; the premix includes iron, copper, zinc, selenium, iodine, manganese, vitamin A, vitamin D and vitamin E. As an practicable manner, the premix used in the present invention is purchased from Beijing Sanyuan Hefeng Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd. The premix provided by the present invention can meet the requirements for trace elements and vitamins in the process of sheep feeding.

[0027] In the present invention, the content of the nutritional additive in the concentrate feed is preferably 0.15-0.45 parts by mass; the nutritional additive includes 0-0.25 parts of rumen bypass methionine, 0-0.35 parts of guanidinoacetic acid, 0-0.35 parts of N-carbamoylglutamate and 0-0.05 parts of vitamin E, preferably including 0.05-0.1 parts of rumen bypass methionine, 0.05-0.15 parts of guanidinoacetic acid, 0.05-0.18 parts of N-carbamoylglutamate and 0.01-0.02 parts of vitamin E. The present invention adds functional nutritional additives to the concentrate feed, and acts in combination with other raw materials to further improve the intramuscular fat content and intramuscular marbling score of mutton, thereby further improving the quality of mutton.

[0028] The invention also provides a method for increasing the intramuscular fat content of mutton, and the feed for increasing the intramuscular fat content of mutton is used to feed fattening sheep.

[0029] In the present invention, the fattening sheep is a meat sheep from weaning to 10 months old, preferably a fattening sheep from 3 to 4 months old. The duration of feeding with the above-mentioned feed for increasing the intramuscular fat content of mutton is 2 to 9 months, and the slaughter age of the fattening sheep after feeding is 5 to 12 months old. The present invention uses the above-mentioned feed for increasing the intramuscular fat content of mutton to feed fattening sheep from weaning to 10 months old, which can make the intramuscular fat of the mutton deposit rapidly. After 2 to 9 months of feeding, the intramuscular fat deposition of the mutton obtained by slaughter is high, the cross-section of the mutton presents a marble-like pattern, and the mutton is of high quality.

[0030] The method provided by the invention can effectively improve the quality of mutton of local sheep breeds, hybrid sheep breeds and imported sheep breeds.

[0031] The present invention also provides application of the feed for increasing the intramuscular fat content of mutton or the method for increasing the intramuscular fat content of mutton in improving the quality of mutton.

[0032] The present invention has no special limitation on the source of the raw materials, and those conventionally purchased by those skilled in the art may be used.

[0033] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] A feed for increasing the intramuscular fat content of mutton:

[0036] Formula: by mass fraction, 60 parts of concentrated feed and 40 parts of oat grass (roughage); concentrated feed is 72 parts of corn, 23 parts of soybean meal, and 5.0 parts of premix. The premix includes iron, copper, zinc, selenium, iodine, manganese, vitamin A, vitamin D and vitamin E, and the premix is ​​purchased from Beijing Sanyuan Hefeng Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] A feed for increasing the intramuscular fat content of mutton, which is different from Example 1 in that the feed comprises 70 parts of concentrated feed and 30 parts of roughage by mass.

[0039] Example 3

[0040] A feed for increasing the intramuscular fat content of mutton:

[0041] Formula: 60 parts of concentrated feed and 40 parts of roughage by mass fraction; roughage is oat grass and sheep grass; concentrated feed is 72 parts of corn, 23 parts of soybean meal, 4.75 parts of premix and 0.25 parts of nutritional additives; premix contains iron, copper, zinc, selenium, iodine, manganese, vitamin A, vitamin D and vitamin E; nutritional additives are 0.1 parts of N-carbamylglutamic acid, 0.05 parts of guanidinoacetic acid, 0.05 parts of rumen bypass methionine and 0.05 parts of vitamin E. The premix was purchased from Beijing Sanyuan Hefeng Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd.

[0042] Example 4

[0043] A feed for increasing the intramuscular fat content of mutton, which is different from Example 3 in that the feed comprises 70 parts of concentrated feed and 30 parts of roughage in terms of mass percentage.

[0044] Example 5

[0045] A method for increasing the intramuscular fat content of mutton, comprising feeding the feed in Example 1 to fattening sheep at 4 months of age (weight less than 40 kg), and feeding the feed in Example 2 after the fattening sheep weigh more than 40 kg, with a total feeding time of 7.5 months.

[0046] Example 6

[0047] A method for increasing the intramuscular fat content of mutton, wherein the fattening sheep are fed the feed in Example 3 when they are 3 months old (the body weight is less than 40 kg), and after the fattening sheep weigh more than 40 kg, they are fed the feed in Example 4, and the total feeding time is 7.5 months.

[0048] Test Example 1

[0049] Fifteen small-tail Han sheep hybrids (average weight 23.6 kg) of similar weight at 4 months of age (birth date difference no more than 15 days) were selected and fed for 7.5 months using the method in Example 5, which was recorded as Treatment 1.

[0050] Fifteen small-tail Han sheep hybrids (average weight 17.3 kg) of similar weight and 3 months old (birth date difference no more than 15 days) were selected and fed for 7.5 months using the method in Example 6, which was recorded as Treatment 2.

[0051] After feeding, the animals were slaughtered, and their weight and intramuscular fat content were measured, and the muscle marbling was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1. The marbling score was evaluated according to the evaluation method in "NYT676-2010 Beef Grade Specification": the marble score was very trace (level 1), trace (level 2), moderate (level 3), relatively large (level 4) and excessive (level 5) corresponding to the standard of 1-5 points.

[0052] Table 1 Growth and intramuscular fat of mutton sheep in different groups

[0053]

[0054] According to the contents recorded in Table 1, it can be seen that the daily weight gain of the mutton sheep in treatment 1 and treatment 2 of the present invention reached 185.8 or more, and the intramuscular fat was as high as 15.6% and 17.3% respectively. Figure 1 ) Intramuscular marbling score 3.1 is moderate distribution, treatment 2 ( Figure 2 )Marble texture score 3.9 is distributed in larger quantities. Figure 3 The middle is a slice of common mutton sold on the market, and there is almost no fat distribution in the muscle. It can be seen that the present invention can promote intramuscular fat deposition, increase intramuscular fat content, and have a moderate or large amount of marbling, thereby improving the quality of mutton.

[0055] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A feed for increasing the intramuscular fat content of mutton, characterized in that: In terms of mass, the feed includes 50 to 85 parts of concentrated feed and 15 to 50 parts of roughage; the concentrated feed includes 65 to 75 parts of energy feed, 20 to 30 parts of protein feed, 4.0 to 5.0 parts of premix and 0 to 1.0 part of nutritional additives.

2. The feed according to claim 1, characterized in that The premix includes iron, copper, zinc, selenium, iodine, manganese, vitamin A, vitamin D and vitamin E.

3. The feed according to claim 1, characterized in that Calculated by weight, the nutritional additives include 0-0.25 parts of rumen bypass methionine, 0-0.35 parts of guanidinoacetic acid, 0-0.35 parts of N-carbamylglutamate and 0-0.05 parts of vitamin E.

4. The feed according to claim 1, characterized in that The energy feed is corn.

5. The feed according to claim 1, characterized in that The protein feed is soybean meal.

6. The feed according to claim 1, characterized in that The roughage comprises any one or more of oat grass, alfalfa, sheep grass or ryegrass.

7. A method for increasing the intramuscular fat content of mutton, characterized in that: The feed according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used for feeding fattening sheep.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The fattening sheep are meat sheep from weaning to 10 months old.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The feeding period is 2 to 9 months, and the slaughter age of the fattened sheep after feeding is 5 to 12 months.

10. Use of the feed according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or the method according to any one of claims 7 to 9 in improving the quality of mutton.

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