Slag scraping device of vertical shaft drilling machine

Abstract

The slag scraping device comprises a drill bit body and a rock breaking hob, the rock breaking hob is arranged on the end face of the drill bit body and faces the shaft bottom, a slag discharging hole is formed in the center of the drill bit body in the axial direction, and a vertical slag scraping structural part is installed on the end face of the drill bit body. The vertical slag scraping structural part is attached to the well bottom, and the vertical slag scraping structural part synchronously rotates along with the drill bit body to push rock slag to move towards the slag discharging hole. The drill bit body drives the rock breaking hob to rotate in the circumferential direction to form an annular rock breaking track face on the well bottom. By arranging the vertical slag scraping structural part synchronously rotating along with the drill bit body, rock slag deposited on the well bottom can be pushed, and the rock slag can move towards the slag discharging hole in time; each circle is provided with a vertical slag scraping structural part to achieve relay slag pushing, namely continuous slag pushing is conducted in the radius direction, all rock slag is pushed to the position of a slag discharging hole, the slag discharging effect is guaranteed, and mud bag drilling is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field, in particular to a slag scraping device for a vertical shaft drilling rig. Background Art

[0002] The drilling method is a technology that uses a large vertical shaft drilling rig to drill a well from top to bottom on the ground, realizing full-section operation and drilling without going down the well. In the first stage of drilling, the well is expanded from top to bottom, and the circulating slag direction is as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown in the direction of the arrow, the mud diluted by air is used for reverse circulation discharge from bottom to top. During the drilling process, the upper power system of the vertical shaft drilling rig drives the drill rod and drill bit to rotate, which in turn drives the rock breaking roller to rotate to break the rock. The broken rock debris is concentrated near the slag discharge hole at the center of the drill bit, and the slag is discharged through the above principle.

[0003] In actual drilling projects, the rock slag cannot be timely and completely gathered near the slag discharge hole. A considerable part of the rock slag is accumulated in various locations at the bottom of the well, forming a rock slag deposition zone with uneven thickness. In this case, the rock slag in the rock slag deposition zone will be repeatedly broken by the rock breaking cutters, causing excessive consumption of the cutters, and the rock slag will be coated on the rock breaking cutters, forming a mud-wrapped drill phenomenon, which will further cause drill sticking, causing some cutters to fail prematurely, increasing the time for lifting and lowering the drill and the cost of replacing the cutters, seriously restricting drilling efficiency and increasing drilling costs. Patent document CN102877849A discloses a new type of vertical shaft drilling tool structure, in which a spiral slurry scraper is arranged on the bottom of the cutting disc, and the spiral slurry scraper extends from the edge of the cutting disc to the center of the cutting disc. During the rotation of the cutting disc, the spiral slurry scraper is used to push the rock slag to move to the slag outlet. However, when pushing the slag, the whole section is scraped at one time. A large amount of rock slag is all gathered in the spiral slurry scraper during the rock breaking process, which will seriously consume drilling power. The rate is high. After a large amount of rock debris gathers in the spiral slurry scraper, it will completely wrap the rock breaking cutter, causing mud-wrapped drill. Since the linear velocity at the edge of the cutting disc is higher than the linear velocity at the inside, the outer opening of the spiral slurry scraper is wide and the inner opening is narrow. A large amount of rock debris is quickly scraped into the outer opening of the spiral slurry scraper, and a large amount of rock debris quickly flows to the narrower position on the inside. The more inward the rock debris-mud mixed liquid pressure is, the more seriously the inner ring rock breaking cutter is wrapped, aggravating the mud-wrapped drill phenomenon and the wear of the rock breaking cutter. Summary of the invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a slag scraping device for a shaft drilling rig which can reduce the occurrence of mud-encrusted drill.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a slag scraping device for a vertical shaft drilling rig, comprising a drill bit body and a rock breaking cutter, wherein the rock breaking cutter is arranged on the end face of the drill bit body and is arranged toward the bottom of the well, a slag discharge hole is axially opened in the center of the drill bit body, a vertical slag scraping structure is installed on the end face of the drill bit body, the vertical slag scraping structure is attached to the bottom of the well, and the vertical slag scraping structure rotates synchronously with the drill bit body to push the rock slag to move toward the slag discharge hole position; the drill bit body drives the rock breaking cutter to rotate circumferentially to form an annular rock breaking trajectory surface on the bottom of the well, and at least one of the vertical slag scraping structures is arranged within the range of any one of the annular rock breaking trajectory surfaces.

[0006] In the above-mentioned vertical shaft drilling rig scraping device, one end of the vertical scraping structure is close to the axis of the drill body, and one end of the vertical scraping structure away from the axis of the drill body is inclined along the radial direction of the drill body toward the front of the rotation direction of the drill body.

[0007] In the above-mentioned scraping device for a vertical shaft drilling rig, the drill bit body drives the vertical scraping structure to rotate circumferentially to form an annular scraping surface on the bottom of the well, and two adjacent annular scraping surfaces are engaged with each other.

[0008] In the above-mentioned scraping device for a vertical shaft drilling rig, two vertical scraping structural members adjacent to each other in the radial direction of the drill head body are staggered in the circumferential direction.

[0009] The above-mentioned vertical shaft drilling rig scraping device, the vertical scraping structure includes a flat bottom plate and a curved plowboard, the flat bottom plate is arranged toward the bottom of the well, the curved plowboard stands on the flat bottom plate, and one side of the curved plowboard is fixedly connected to the flat bottom plate; in the rotation direction of the drill bit body: the front side edge of the flat bottom plate is in contact with the bottom of the well, and the side wall of the curved plowboard facing the rock debris is an inner concave surface.

[0010] In the above-mentioned slag scraping device for a shaft drilling rig, the radius of the inner concave surface of the arc-shaped plowboard gradually increases from an end away from the axis of the drill body to an end close to the axis of the drill body.

[0011] In the above-mentioned vertical shaft drilling rig scraping device, in the rotation direction of the drill bit body: the front side edge of the planar bottom plate is in contact with the bottom of the well, the angle between the planar bottom plate and the bottom of the well is greater than zero degrees, and the bottom edge of the arc-shaped plowboard is fixedly connected to the front side edge of the planar bottom plate.

[0012] In the above-mentioned vertical shaft drilling rig scraping device, a crank arm is fixedly connected to the vertical scraping structure, and the other end of the crank arm is hinged with a mounting seat through a pin shaft, and the mounting seat is fixedly installed on the end surface of the drill body.

[0013] In the above-mentioned slag scraping device of a shaft drilling rig, a torsion spring is sleeved on the pin shaft, one end of the torsion spring is pressed on the mounting seat, and the other end of the torsion spring is pressed on the crank arm.

[0014] In the above-mentioned scraping device for a vertical shaft drilling rig, in the rotation direction of the drill bit body: the end of the crank arm away from the mounting seat extends toward the rear of the mounting seat.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention achieves the following beneficial technical effects:

[0016] 1. By setting a vertical scraping structure that rotates synchronously with the drill bit body, the rock debris deposited on the bottom of the well can be pushed so that the rock debris can move to the slag discharge hole in time; a vertical scraping structure is set on each circle to realize relay slag pushing, that is, continuous slag pushing in the radial direction, pushing all the rock debris to the slag discharge hole position, ensuring the slag discharge effect and avoiding the generation of mud-covered drill.

[0017] 2. By setting the crank arm, mounting seat and torsion spring, when there are protruding obstacles on the bottom of the well, the scraping structure can swing upward to avoid the obstacles, ensure the normal operation of the drill bit, and ensure that during normal scraping, the vertical scraping structure can always fit with the bottom of the well to ensure the scraping effect.

[0018] 3. By staggering multiple vertical scraper structures at different radial positions, the rock debris is pushed inward layer by layer in circles, which can avoid the formation of excessive resistance, and can strike a balance between the scraper efficiency and the tool wear rate, and can effectively avoid the generation of mud-encrusted drills. In other words, multiple vertical scraper structures that are staggered and matched with each other ensure that there will not be too much rock debris at the bottom of the well. Even if the rock debris in a certain circle is not scraped off, the rock debris in the adjacent position has been scraped off. When the rock breaking roller passes by, the loose rock debris will be scattered around under the pressure of the rock breaking roller, avoiding excessive rock debris from causing wear of the rock breaking roller, and will not cause mud-encrusted drills. In summary, the present invention ensures that the rock debris can be discharged in a timely and complete manner, while avoiding excessive wear of the rock breaking roller and the generation of mud-encrusted drills, which is conducive to increasing the service life of the rock breaking roller, reducing the time for lifting and lowering the drill and the cost of roller replacement, and reducing drilling costs while improving drilling efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of a rock breaking drill bit in the prior art;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of the slag scraping device of the shaft drilling rig of the present invention installed on the drill bit body;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic plan view of a vertical shaft drilling rig scraper device of the present invention installed on the end face of a drill bit body;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the annular rock breaking trajectory surface on the bottom of the well of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the assembly of the vertical scraper structure, the crank arm and the mounting seat of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vertical scraper structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a scraper device of the present invention in normal working state;

[0026] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the scraper device of the present invention in the obstacle avoidance state.

[0027] The reference numerals in the figure are as follows: 1-well side; 2-well bottom; 3-drill rod; 4-drill bit body; 5-rock breaking roller cutter; 6-vertical scraping structure; 601-flat bottom plate; 602-arc plowboard; 7-slag discharge hole; 8-mounting seat; 9-crank arm; 10-pin shaft; 11-torsion spring; 12-annular rock breaking track surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] A slag scraping device for a vertical shaft drilling rig in this embodiment, such as Figure 2-3 As shown, it includes a drill bit body 4 and a rock-breaking roller cutter 5, wherein the rock-breaking roller cutter 5 is arranged on the end surface of the drill bit body 4 and is arranged toward the bottom of the well 2, a slag discharge hole 7 is axially opened in the center of the drill bit body 4, and a vertical slag scraping structure 6 is installed on the end surface of the drill bit body 4, and the vertical slag scraping structure 6 is attached to the bottom of the well 2. The vertical slag scraping structure 6 rotates synchronously with the drill bit body 4 to push the rock slag to the position of the slag discharge hole 7; Figure 3-4 As shown, the drill bit body 4 drives the rock breaking cutter 5 to rotate circumferentially to form an annular rock breaking trajectory surface 12 on the bottom of the well 2. At least one of the vertical scraping structures 6 is arranged on the range of any one of the annular rock breaking trajectory surfaces 12. In this embodiment, two vertical scraping structures 6 are arranged at equal intervals on the annular rock breaking trajectory surface 12 on the outer ring of the drill bit body 4, so as to improve the scraping efficiency and balance the scraping resistance. A vertical scraping structure 6 is arranged on each inner ring of the drill bit body 4 with a smaller diameter. By arranging the vertical scraping structure 6 that rotates synchronously with the drill bit body 4, the rock scraping deposited on the bottom of the well 2 can be pushed so that the rock scraping can move to the slag discharge hole 7 in time.

[0029] like Figure 2-3As shown, one end of the vertical scraper structure 6 is close to the axis of the drill bit body 4, and the end of the vertical scraper structure 6 away from the axis of the drill bit body 4 is inclined along the radial direction of the drill bit body 4 toward the front of the rotation direction of the drill bit body 4, and the drill bit body 4 drives the vertical scraper structure 6 to rotate circumferentially to form an annular scraper surface on the bottom of the well 2, and the two adjacent annular scraper surfaces are engaged with each other; the two adjacent vertical scraper structures 6 in the radial direction of the drill bit body 4 are staggered in the circumferential direction, and a vertical scraper structure 6 is arranged on each circle to realize relay slag pushing, that is, continuous slag pushing is performed in the radial direction, and all the rock slag is pushed to the position of the slag discharge hole 7 to ensure the slag discharge effect. By staggering a plurality of vertical scraper structures 6 at different radial positions, the rock slag is pushed inward layer by layer, which can avoid the formation of excessive resistance, and can achieve a balance between the scraping efficiency and the tool wear rate, and can effectively avoid the generation of mud-covered drill.

[0030] like Figure 5-6 As shown, the vertical scraping structure 6 includes a plane bottom plate 601 and a curved plowboard 602, the plane bottom plate 601 is arranged toward the well bottom 2, the curved plowboard 602 stands on the plane bottom plate 601, and one side of the curved plowboard 602 is fixedly connected to the plane bottom plate 601; in the rotation direction of the drill bit body 4: the front side edge of the plane bottom plate 601 is in contact with the well bottom 2, the side wall of the curved plowboard 602 facing the rock debris is an inner concave surface, and the radius of the inner concave surface of the curved plowboard 602 gradually increases from the end away from the axis of the drill bit body 4 to the end close to the axis of the drill bit body 4, in the rotation direction of the drill bit body 4: the front side edge of the plane bottom plate 601 is in contact with the well bottom 2, the angle between the plane bottom plate 601 and the well bottom 2 is greater than zero degree, and the bottom edge of the curved plowboard 602 is fixedly connected to the front side edge of the plane bottom plate 601.

[0031] like Figure 5 As shown, a crank arm 9 is fixedly connected to the vertical scraper structure 6, and the crank arm 9 is fixedly connected to the top of the flat bottom plate 601. The other end of the crank arm 9 is hinged to a mounting seat 8 through a pin shaft 10, and the mounting seat 8 is fixedly mounted on the end surface of the drill body 4; a torsion spring 11 is sleeved on the pin shaft 10, one end of the torsion spring 11 is pressed on the mounting seat 8, and the other end of the torsion spring 11 is pressed on the crank arm 9; in the rotation direction of the drill body 4: the end of the crank arm 9 away from the mounting seat 8 extends to the rear of the mounting seat 8, and by arranging the crank arm 9, the mounting seat 8 and the torsion spring 11, as shown Figure 8 As shown, when there is a protruding obstacle on the bottom of the well 2, the scraper structure 6 can swing upward to avoid the obstacle, ensuring the normal operation of the drill bit and ensuring that the vertical scraper structure 6 can always fit with the bottom of the well 2 during normal scraping to ensure the scraping effect.

[0032] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the claims of this patent application.

Claims

1. A slag scraping device for a vertical shaft drilling rig, comprising a drill bit body (4) and a rock breaking cutter (5), wherein the rock breaking cutter (5) is arranged on the end surface of the drill bit body (4) and is arranged toward the bottom of the well (2), and a slag discharge hole (7) is opened in the center of the drill bit body (4) along the axial direction, characterized in that: A vertical scraper structure (6) is installed on the end face of the drill bit body (4), and the vertical scraper structure (6) is attached to the bottom of the well (2). The vertical scraper structure (6) rotates synchronously with the drill bit body (4) to push the rock scraper to move toward the slag discharge hole (7); the drill bit body (4) drives the rock breaking cutter (5) to rotate circumferentially to form an annular rock breaking trajectory surface (12) on the bottom of the well (2), and at least one vertical scraper structure (6) is arranged within the range of any one of the annular rock breaking trajectory surfaces (12).

2. A slag scraping device for a shaft drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the vertical scraper structure (6) is close to the axis of the drill body (4), and one end of the vertical scraper structure (6) away from the axis of the drill body (4) is inclined along the radial direction of the drill body (4) toward the front of the rotation direction of the drill body (4).

3. A slag scraping device for a shaft drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill bit body (4) drives the vertical scraping structure (6) to rotate circumferentially to form an annular scraping surface on the well bottom (2), and two adjacent annular scraping surfaces are engaged with each other.

4. A slag scraping device for a shaft drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two vertical scraper structures (6) adjacent to each other in the radial direction of the drill bit body (4) are staggered in the circumferential direction.

5. A slag scraping device for a shaft drilling rig according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The vertical scraping structure (6) comprises a plane bottom plate (601) and a curved plowboard (602), wherein the plane bottom plate (601) is arranged toward the well bottom (2), the curved plowboard (602) stands on the plane bottom plate (601), and one side edge of the curved plowboard (602) is fixedly connected to the plane bottom plate (601); in the rotation direction of the drill bit body (4): the front side edge of the plane bottom plate (601) is in contact with the well bottom (2), and the side wall surface of the curved plowboard (602) facing the rock debris is an inner concave surface.

6. A slag scraping device for a shaft drilling rig according to claim 5, characterized in that: The radius of the inner concave surface of the arc-shaped plowboard (602) gradually increases from an end away from the axis of the drill body (4) to an end close to the axis of the drill body (4).

7. A slag scraping device for a shaft drilling rig according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the rotation direction of the drill bit body (4): the front side edge of the plane bottom plate (601) is in contact with the well bottom (2), the angle between the plane bottom plate (601) and the well bottom (2) is greater than zero degrees, and the bottom edge of the arc-shaped plowboard (602) is fixedly connected to the front side edge of the plane bottom plate (601).

8. A slag scraping device for a shaft drilling rig according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A crank arm (9) is fixedly connected to the vertical scraper structure (6), and the other end of the crank arm (9) is hingedly connected to a mounting seat (8) via a pin shaft (10), and the mounting seat (8) is fixedly mounted on the end surface of the drill body (4).

9. A slag scraping device for a shaft drilling rig according to claim 8, characterized in that: A torsion spring (11) is sleeved on the pin shaft (10), one end of the torsion spring (11) is pressed on the mounting seat (8), and the other end of the torsion spring (11) is pressed on the crank arm (9).

10. A slag scraping device for a shaft drilling rig according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the rotation direction of the drill bit body (4), one end of the crank arm (9) away from the mounting seat (8) extends toward the rear of the mounting seat (8).

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