Induced polarization power supply electrode laying device and method applied to TBM environment

Abstract

The invention provides an induced polarization power supply electrode laying device and method applied to a TBM environment, the induced polarization power supply electrode laying device comprises a base, an electrode rod and an electrode, the base is connected with the electrode rod through a sleeve pipe, the base is provided with a limiting plate, one end of the sleeve pipe is connected with the limiting plate to form a connection point, and the other end of the sleeve pipe is connected with the electrode rod. One end of the sleeve pipe is connected with the limiting plate, the other end of the sleeve pipe can rotate on the limiting plate around the connecting point, and a fixing device is arranged on the sleeve pipe and used for fixing the relative position of the sleeve pipe and the limiting plate so as to adjust the orientation of the electrode rod; the sleeve tube is of a double-layer structure, a conductive tube is arranged inside, and an insulating tube is arranged outside; and the electrode stem is detachably connected with the other end of the sleeve tube. According to the method, the detection precision can be improved, and a feasible way is provided for fine advanced detection in the tunnel construction period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of geophysical advance prediction, and in particular relates to an induced polarization power supply electrode layout device and method applied to a TBM environment. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] In the field of tunnel construction, many tunnels pass through dangerous mountainous areas and cross rivers and seas, and are characterized by long length and deep burial depth. These tunnels often face the challenge of poor water-bearing geology, which is highly concealed, thus increasing the difficulty of detection and having a high degree of disaster-causing potential. Sudden water disasters are very likely to occur during tunnel construction, thus placing higher requirements on the accuracy of advance detection.

[0004] Induced polarization is an electrical detection technology that uses the induced polarization effect of water-bearing geological bodies for detection and is highly sensitive to water bodies. It is based on the accumulation and release of electric charges. It infers the electrical differences of the formation by applying an electric current underground and observing the residual potential in the formation after it is turned off, thereby identifying and locating groundwater bodies.

[0005] As the geological environment of tunnel construction becomes increasingly complex, the induced polarization method is particularly important for improving the accuracy of advance prediction in deep and highly hazard-prone tunnels. The currently widely used multi-isotropic source array three-dimensional induced polarization observation method has forward directivity and can meet the advanced prediction work of the TBM construction process.

[0006] However, in the actual application of TBM tunneling, the traditional multi-isotropic source power supply electrode layout method still has some shortcomings:

[0007] (1) The power supply electrode needs to be laid in the surrounding rock behind the tunnel face, and the electrode is required to form a good coupling with the surrounding rock surface. However, due to the complex and changeable surface characteristics and environment of the surrounding rock, the contact quality between the electrode and the surrounding rock often needs to rely on manual judgment. This human factor intervention is prone to cause measurement errors, because different operators may have different judgment criteria. During the manual layout process, the electrode may not form an ideal contact with the surrounding rock due to carelessness or lack of experience, thus affecting the accuracy and reliability of the measurement data.

[0008] (2) In rock mass fracture areas, especially after TBM tunnel excavation and arch erection, a large number of steel bars are often laid during construction. These steel bars are usually densely arranged with very small gaps. This complex environment makes it difficult for the power supply electrode to be smoothly inserted and contact the surrounding rock surface. The obstruction of steel bars not only increases the difficulty of electrode layout, but also may cause the electrode to fail to reach the predetermined position, thereby affecting the accuracy of the measurement. In addition, the presence of steel bars may also interfere with the electrical performance of the electrode, further increasing the instability of the measurement data.

[0009] (3) During the detection process, if only manpower is relied upon to maintain the stability of the electrode rod, the electrode rod may undergo relative displacement during operation, or the contact force may change due to changes in external force. These factors will have an adverse effect on the stability of the measurement data. Especially in long-term measurements or complex working conditions, it is more difficult to manually maintain the stability of the electrode. Operator fatigue or inattention may also cause slight changes in the electrode position. These changes will be amplified in sensitive measurements, thereby affecting the final measurement results.

[0010] (4) Manual electrode placement also faces another challenge, which is that it is difficult to ensure that the power supply electrode is always located in the same plane at the same distance from the tunnel face. Since the tunnel face and surrounding rock may have irregular shapes, the position of the electrode may be easily offset due to improper viewing angle or operation when manually placing the electrode. This position offset will lead to inconsistency in the measurement data, affect the interpretation and analysis of the entire measurement results, and further affect the judgment and decision-making of the entire project.

[0011] In summary, in the work of advanced prediction of induced polarization in TBM tunnel construction, there is still a lack of power supply electrode layout devices and methods dedicated to TBM tunnel construction, which leads to the inability of the induced polarization method to fully exert its advantage of being sensitive to groundwater bodies such as caves, and there are certain measurement errors in the detection project. Summary of the invention

[0012] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes an induced polarization power supply electrode layout device and method applied to a TBM environment. The present invention can improve the detection accuracy and provide a feasible way for refined advance detection during tunnel construction.

[0013] According to some embodiments, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0014] An induced polarization power supply electrode arrangement device applied to a TBM environment comprises a base, an electrode rod and an electrode, wherein:

[0015] The base is connected to the electrode rod through a sleeve tube, and the base has a limit plate. One end of the sleeve tube is connected to the limit plate to form a connection point, and the other end can rotate on the limit plate around the connection point. A fixing device is provided on the sleeve tube to fix the relative position of the sleeve tube and the limit plate to adjust the direction of the electrode rod;

[0016] The sleeve tube is a double-layer structure, with an inner conductive tube and an outer insulating tube;

[0017] The electrode rod and the other end of the sleeve tube are detachably connected.

[0018] As an optional embodiment, the base includes a limit plate, a plurality of holes are provided at the bottom of the limit plate, connecting tubes are provided in the holes, the connecting tubes and the limit plate are detachably connected, one end of the sleeve tube is connected to the limit plate through the corresponding connecting tube, a sliding groove is provided in the middle of the limit plate, the middle of the sleeve tube can be slidably connected in the sliding groove, and a fixing device is provided at the connection.

[0019] As an optional implementation, there are multiple holes, which are arranged side by side and at intervals at the bottom of the limiting plate, and the holes are threaded holes.

[0020] As an optional embodiment, the connecting tube is a conductive three-way tube, one end of the conductive three-way tube extends into the sleeve tube and is threadedly connected to one end of the conductive tube, and the other end of the conductive tube is threadedly connected to the electrode rod to form a current path; the other two ends of the conductive three-way tube are fixed to the limit plate by bolts.

[0021] As an optional embodiment, the electrode rod includes an external sleeve, an internal sleeve, a conductive sheet, a fixing part and a head conductor. The external sleeve and the internal sleeve are both double-layer structures, the outer layer is an insulating tube, and the inner layer is a conductive tube. A conductive sheet is arranged at the front end of the internal sleeve, and the conductive sheet and the conductive tubes of the external sleeve and the internal sleeve are all connected; the external sleeve is sleeved with the internal sleeve, and a fixing part is arranged on the external sleeve or the internal sleeve to fix the relative position of the external sleeve and the internal sleeve; the head conductor is arranged at the top of the external sleeve and connected to the conductive tube of the external sleeve.

[0022] As a further embodiment, the inner side wall of the conductive tube inside the outer sleeve has a plurality of slide grooves, and the conductive sheet can be slidably connected in the slide grooves.

[0023] As a further embodiment, the end of the external sleeve has a through hole facing inward, and the through hole is a threaded hole. A fixing piece is threadedly connected to the threaded hole. When the fixing piece rotates in a first direction, the distance between the bottom of the fixing piece and the internal sleeve is reduced, and the relative position between the external sleeve and the internal sleeve is fixed by abutting the bottom of the fixing piece and the outer surface of the internal sleeve.

[0024] As a further embodiment, one end of the conductive rod of the inner sleeve is provided with a thread structure matching the conductive tube of the sleeve tube;

[0025] An outer spiral structure is arranged on the outer surface of one side of the outer sleeve close to the head conductor for the electrode to be screwed in.

[0026] As an optional embodiment, the electrode rod and the electrode are detachably connected, and the electrode comprises an insulating shell, a conductor, a power connection sheet, a spring and an electrode body, the insulating shell is sleeved with a conductor, and an inner spiral structure matching the electrode rod head is arranged on the inner side of the conductor;

[0027] An electric connection sheet is slidably arranged inside the conductor, and an electrode body is connected to the electric connection sheet. One end of the spring is connected to the electrode body, and the other end is connected to the electric connection sheet.

[0028] As a further limitation, the electrode body is a columnar structure with large ends and a small middle, the middle part of the electrode body is stuck in the hole on the upper surface of the insulating shell, the middle part of the electrode body slides radially in the hole, one end of the electrode body is connected to the power connection plate, and the other end is arranged outside the insulating shell, and the upper surface of the insulating shell and the other end of the electrode body are both wound with conductive wires, and the conductive wires are used to fix the electrolyte storage element;

[0029] Or the electrode body is a columnar structure with a large end and a small middle. The middle part of the electrode body is stuck in the hole on the upper surface of the insulating shell, and the middle part of the electrode body slides radially in the hole. One end of the electrode body is connected to the power connection plate, and the other end is arranged outside the insulating shell, and the end is connected to a slender electrode.

[0030] The working method based on the above device comprises the following steps:

[0031] Determine the installation location of the device so that the limit plate is parallel to the tunnel face to ensure that the electrode is located in the same plane at the same distance from the tunnel face;

[0032] According to different observation methods, select the appropriate number of electrode rods, and install the appropriate number of sleeve tubes on the limit plate. According to the observation requirements, adjust the position of the sleeve tubes, fix the position of each sleeve tube on the limit plate, and install the electrode rods into the corresponding sleeve tubes.

[0033] Install the detection wire to the bottom of each electrode rod;

[0034] Place the electrodes according to the actual situation;

[0035] Inject high-conductivity electrolyte into the electrode head, stretch the outer casing to a suitable length, ensure that the spring of the electrode part can be fully compressed, so that the electrode head maintains close contact with the surrounding rock, and fix the relative position of the current outer casing and inner casing.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] The present invention limits the detection electrode by the limit plate, so that the detection electrode can be stably maintained in a plane parallel to the tunnel face. This design not only improves the stability of the measurement, but also ensures the accuracy of the measurement data, avoiding data errors caused by shaking or deviation of the electrode during the measurement process.

[0038] The present invention uses the electrode rod to adopt a mechanical fixation method, which does not introduce the problem of data instability caused by manual fixation of the electrode rod. This fixation method can reduce the impact of human operation on the data and ensure the reliability and consistency of each measurement result, especially in long-term measurement or complex environment, the advantage is more obvious.

[0039] In complex environments such as geological fracture zones, if there are a lot of densely packed steel bars, the electrode rods of traditional designs often have difficulty penetrating into the surface of the surrounding rock and forming a good coupling, resulting in inaccurate or even impossible measurement data. To solve this problem, the present invention designs a slender electrode and adopts a detachable electrode design, which enables flexible operation in a small space, not only improving the measurement efficiency, but also ensuring accurate data under extreme conditions.

[0040] The present invention can flexibly adjust the number of sleeve tubes according to the observation mode, and then adjust the number of electrode rods, flexibly adjust the angle / position of the sleeve tube, and then flexibly adjust the angle / position of the electrode rod, and flexibly adjust the length of the electrode rod. The copper wire of the electrode head and the electrolyte contained in the cotton wool around the electrode work together to greatly improve the coupling effect between the electrode and the surrounding rock. This design ensures that the electrode can form a stable electrical contact when contacting the surrounding rock, reduces the influence of contact resistance, and thus improves the accuracy and stability of the measurement. This improvement is of great significance for improving the quality of data acquisition under complex geological conditions.

[0041] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0043] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the base portion;

[0044] Figure 2 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the electrode rod;

[0045] Figure 3 It is a detailed cross-sectional view of the connection between the electrode rod and the base;

[0046] Fig. 4(a) is a cross-sectional view of a conventional electrode;

[0047] Fig. 4(b) is a cross-sectional view of an elongated electrode;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a detailed view of the base sleeve tube fixing part.

[0049] In the figure: 1. three-way copper tube, 2. spiral of sleeve tube, 3. sleeve tube fixing device, 4. sleeve tube, 5. limit plate, 6. slide groove, 7. inner spiral structure, 8. magnet, 9. reserved hole, 10. outer spiral, 11. insulating outer tube, 12. copper inner tube, 13. insulating sleeve, 14. fixing bolt, 15. insulating outer tube, 16. conductive copper sheet, 17. head conductor, 18. outer spiral structure, 19. side wall, 20. inner spiral, 21. insulating shell, 22. internal conductor, 23. connecting plate, 24. conductive spring, 25. electrode body, 26. wound copper wire, 27. insulating protective layer, 28. ring, 29. fixing screw hole, 30. fixing plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0051] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are all illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0052] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0053] In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0054] Embodiment 1

[0055] The invention discloses an induced polarization power supply electrode arrangement device applied to a TBM environment, which mainly comprises three parts: a base, an electrode rod and an electrode.

[0056] Among them, Figure 1 As shown, the base includes a bottom magnet 8, a limit plate 5, a sleeve tube 4, a conductive three-way copper tube 1 and a fixing device 3, wherein, in this embodiment, the limit plate 5 adopts a semicircular structure, a row of reserved holes 9 are provided at the bottom of the limit plate 5, the conductive three-way copper tube 1 is provided in the reserved holes 9, and one end thereof extends into the sleeve tube 4, the copper tube has threads inside, and can be threadedly connected to form a current path, and the other two ends of the conductive three-way copper tube 1 are fixed to the limit plate 5 by bolts. The sleeve tube 4 is divided into two layers, the inner layer is a conductive tube (such as a copper tube, etc.), and the outer layer is an insulating material. One end of the sleeve tube 4 is fixed to the bottom of the limit plate by a copper three-way tube 1 and bolts, the fixing device 3 is sleeved in the middle of the sleeve tube 4, and the limit plate 5 is provided with a slide groove 6 in the area where the fixing device 3 is provided. In this embodiment, the slide groove 6 is arc-shaped.

[0057] In some embodiments, a protrusion is provided on the fixing device 3, and the protrusion can be set in the slide groove 6, so that the sleeve tube 4 slides in the slide groove 6 and can be fixed at any position by the fixing device 3, thereby ensuring that the power supply electrodes are in the same plane.

[0058] The fixing device 3 can adopt an existing locking mechanism and can be fixed at a target position on the slide groove 6 .

[0059] In this embodiment, if Figure 5 As shown, the fixing device 3 includes a fixing plate 30, a circular ring 28 is sleeved in the middle of the fixing plate 30, and the circular ring 28 can slide in the slide groove 6. A fixing screw hole 29 is provided at the edge of the fixing plate 30, and a removable screw is provided on it. By tightening the screw, the fixing device 3 is fixed at the target position.

[0060] In some embodiments, there are generally four sleeve tubes 4, and six reserved holes 9 for fixing the sleeve tubes are reserved at the bottom of the limit plate 5, that is, the reserved holes 9 have a certain redundancy to meet different needs. In this embodiment, the reserved holes 9 are bolt holes. Considering that the position where the base is placed during the electrode layout in the TBM is a steel plate, the base is fixed in the form of a magnet, a magnet 8 is placed inside the base, and the base can be fixed by directly placing the base on the steel plate.

[0061] like Figure 2As shown, the electrode rod mainly includes an outer sleeve, an inner sleeve, a conductive copper sheet 16, a fixing bolt 14 and a head conductor 17. The outer sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the inner sleeve, and the two are slidably connected. Both the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve are double-layer structures, and the outer layer is an insulating outer tube 11, such as an organic lightweight hard tube, to ensure that there is no leakage outside and to ensure the safety of the operators. The inside is a conductive tube, such as a copper inner tube 12, and the conductive tube is tightly combined with the insulating tube. The inner side wall 19 of the outer sleeve has two slide grooves, and the conductive copper sheet 16 fixed to the front end of the inner sleeve can slide tightly in the above-mentioned slide grooves.

[0062] A fixing bolt 14 is provided at the end of the outer sleeve. After the outer sleeve is extended to a suitable length, the fixing bolt 14 can be tightened to keep the inner and outer sleeves relatively fixed.

[0063] In some embodiments, there is no insulating tube within a certain range at the bottom of the inner casing, such as Figure 3 As shown, there is an outer spiral 10 in this part, which matches the inner spiral structure 7 of the sleeve tube 4. When the electrode rod is connected to the sleeve tube 4, it is only necessary to screw the electrode rod into the bottom sleeve tube 4 to complete the fixation and circuit connection. The head conductor 17 is connected to the copper inner tube 12 of the outer sleeve, and its function is to provide a stable conductive base for the electrode part. A section of the sleeve close to the head conductor 17 also has an outer spiral structure 18 for the electrode part to be screwed in.

[0064] As shown in FIG4(a), the electrode part is composed of an insulating shell 21, a power connection sheet 23, a spring 24, an electrode body 25 and a winding copper wire 26. A hole is provided on the upper surface of the insulating shell 21. The electrode body 25 is a columnar structure with large ends and a small middle. The middle part of the electrode body 25 is stuck in the insulating shell part, and the electrode body 25 can slide in the hole in the radial direction. The spring 24 is a conductive spring, one end of which is connected to the electrode body 25 and the other end is connected to the power connection sheet 23.

[0065] The insulating shell 21 is made of insulating material, and has an inner spiral 20 at the tail end that matches the electrode rod head, connecting the electrode part to the electrode rod so that the electrode part's power connection piece 23 is closely connected to the electrode rod's head conductor 17, and at the same time, the spring 24 reaches the compression deformation length.

[0066] At the electrode head, i.e., the exposed portion of the electrode body 25 and the upper surface of the insulating shell 21, a small amount of cotton wool is fixed to the electrode head portion by means of winding copper wire 26. The presence of cotton wool can store electrolyte, and the presence of winding copper wire 26 can also make the coupling effect between the electrode and the surrounding rock better.

[0067] In addition, in order to deal with the situation where the gap is very small due to the dense steel mesh, as shown in FIG4(b), this embodiment designs a thinner and longer electrode, hereinafter referred to as a long electrode, and the electrode structure is similar to that shown in FIG4(a), except that the long electrode directly passes through the hole of the insulating shell 21 and is connected to the electrode body 25, and the electrode body 25 is rectangular, and an insulating protective layer 27 is wrapped around the long electrode to prevent current conduction with the steel bars. In actual use, only the electrode part needs to be replaced.

[0068] In the above embodiments, the quantity, shape, size, etc. of each part can be adjusted or changed according to specific circumstances.

[0069] Embodiment 2

[0070] Based on the deployment device provided in the first embodiment, a deployment method of induced polarization power supply electrodes applied to a TBM environment mainly includes the following steps:

[0071] Step 1: Find a suitable location to place the base, and make sure that the two limit plates of the base are parallel to the tunnel face to ensure that this group of power supply electrodes are located in the same plane with the same distance from the tunnel face, thereby ensuring the accuracy and consistency of the measurement data. In addition, ensuring that the base is stable can also prevent the electrode position from shifting due to vibration or movement during subsequent operations, thereby affecting the test results.

[0072] Step 2: According to different observation methods, select the appropriate number of electrode rods to install into the sleeve tube of the base, and ensure that the sleeve tube is firmly fixed to provide good support for the electrode rod connection. This step ensures that the electrode rod remains stable during the entire measurement process to avoid measurement errors caused by looseness.

[0073] Step 3: Install the detection wires to the bolts at the bottom of each electrode rod. The connection method of the detection wires can be selected according to the actual situation: one method is to use a clamp to clamp the detection wire directly to the copper tube part of the electrode rod, and the other method is to directly use a bolt to clamp the end of the detection wire to the copper tube. No matter which method is chosen, ensure that the connection is firm to avoid poor contact during the measurement process, so as to ensure the stability of signal transmission and the reliability of measurement data.

[0074] Step 4: Place the electrode parts according to the actual situation. If the steel bars are too dense, consider using thinner and longer electrodes to couple with the surrounding rock.

[0075] Step 5: Inject high-conductivity electrolyte into the electrode head, extend the outer sleeve to the appropriate length, and ensure that the spring of the electrode part can be fully compressed, so as to ensure close contact between the electrode head and the surrounding rock. After completing this adjustment, use a fixture to firmly fix the sleeve and electrode in the current position to ensure that the entire system remains stable during the measurement process.

[0076] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and principle of the present invention without creative labor shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An induced polarization power supply electrode arrangement device applied to a TBM environment, characterized in that: It includes a base, an electrode rod and an electrode, wherein: The base is connected to the electrode rod through a sleeve tube, and the base has a limit plate. One end of the sleeve tube is connected to the limit plate to form a connection point, and the other end can rotate on the limit plate around the connection point. A fixing device is provided on the sleeve tube to fix the relative position of the sleeve tube and the limit plate to adjust the direction of the electrode rod; The sleeve tube is a double-layer structure, with an inner conductive tube and an outer insulating tube; The electrode rod and the other end of the sleeve tube are detachably connected.

2. The induced polarization power supply electrode arrangement device for TBM environment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The base includes a limit plate, a plurality of holes are provided at the bottom of the limit plate, connecting tubes are provided in the holes, the connecting tubes and the limit plate are detachably connected, one end of the sleeve tube is connected to the limit plate through the corresponding connecting tube, a slide groove is provided in the middle of the limit plate, the middle of the sleeve tube can be slidably connected in the slide groove, and a fixing device is provided at the connection.

3. The induced polarization power supply electrode arrangement device for TBM environment as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: There are multiple holes, which are arranged side by side and at intervals at the bottom of the limiting plate, and the holes are threaded holes; Alternatively, the connecting tube is a conductive tee tube, one end of which extends into the sleeve tube and is threadedly connected to one end of the conductive tube, and the other end of the conductive tube is threadedly connected to the electrode rod to form a current path; the other two ends of the conductive tee tube are fixed to the limit plate by bolts.

4. The induced polarization power supply electrode arrangement device for TBM environment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The electrode rod includes an external sleeve, an internal sleeve, a conductive sheet, a fixing part and a head conductor. Both the external sleeve and the internal sleeve are double-layer structures, the outer layer is an insulating tube, and the inner layer is a conductive tube. A conductive sheet is arranged at the front end of the internal sleeve, and the conductive sheet and the conductive tubes of the external sleeve and the internal sleeve are all connected; the external sleeve is sleeved with the internal sleeve, and a fixing part is arranged on the external sleeve or the internal sleeve to fix the relative position of the external sleeve and the internal sleeve; the head conductor is arranged at the top of the external sleeve and connected to the conductive tube of the external sleeve.

5. The induced polarization power supply electrode arrangement device for TBM environment as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The inner side wall of the conductive tube inside the outer sleeve is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves, and the conductive sheet can be slidably connected in the sliding grooves.

6. The induced polarization power supply electrode arrangement device for TBM environment as claimed in claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The end of the outer sleeve has a through hole facing inward, and the through hole is a threaded hole. A fixing piece is threadedly connected to the threaded hole. When the fixing piece rotates in a first direction, the distance between the bottom of the fixing piece and the inner sleeve is reduced. The relative position between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve is fixed by the abutment between the bottom of the fixing piece and the outer surface of the inner sleeve.

7. The induced polarization power supply electrode arrangement device applied to a TBM environment as claimed in claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: One end of the conductive rod of the inner sleeve is provided with a thread structure matching the conductive tube of the sleeve tube; An outer spiral structure is arranged on the outer surface of one side of the outer sleeve close to the head conductor for the electrode to be screwed in.

8. The induced polarization power supply electrode arrangement device for TBM environment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The electrode rod and the electrode are detachably connected, and the electrode comprises an insulating shell, a conductor, a power connection sheet, a spring and an electrode body. The insulating shell is sleeved with a conductor, and an inner spiral structure matching the electrode rod head is arranged on the inner side of the conductor; An electric connection sheet is slidably arranged inside the conductor, and an electrode body is connected to the electric connection sheet. One end of the spring is connected to the electrode body, and the other end is connected to the electric connection sheet.

9. The induced polarization power supply electrode arrangement device for TBM environment as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The electrode body is a columnar structure with large ends and a small middle. The middle part of the electrode body is stuck in the hole on the upper surface of the insulating shell, and the middle part of the electrode body slides radially in the hole. One end of the electrode body is connected to the power connection plate, and the other end is arranged outside the insulating shell. The upper surface of the insulating shell and the other end of the electrode body are both wound with conductive wires, and the conductive wires are used to fix the electrolyte storage element. Or the electrode body is a columnar structure with a large end and a small middle. The middle part of the electrode body is stuck in the hole on the upper surface of the insulating shell, and the middle part of the electrode body slides radially in the hole. One end of the electrode body is connected to the power connection plate, and the other end is arranged outside the insulating shell, and the end is connected to a slender electrode.

10. A working method based on the device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Determine the installation location of the device so that the limit plate is parallel to the tunnel face to ensure that the electrode is located in the same plane at the same distance from the tunnel face; According to different observation methods, select the appropriate number of electrode rods, and install the appropriate number of sleeve tubes on the limit plate. According to the observation requirements, adjust the position of the sleeve tubes, fix the position of each sleeve tube on the limit plate, and install the electrode rods into the corresponding sleeve tubes. Install the detection wire to the bottom of each electrode rod; Place the electrodes according to the actual situation; Inject high-conductivity electrolyte into the electrode head, stretch the outer casing to a suitable length, ensure that the spring of the electrode part can be fully compressed, so that the electrode head maintains close contact with the surrounding rock, and fix the relative position of the current outer casing and inner casing.

Images