Urban geological complex geologic body three-dimensional modeling system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of three-dimensional modeling systems, and particularly relates to an urban geological complex geologic body three-dimensional modeling system which comprises urban geological database construction, three-dimensional model construction and underground space resource development potential evaluation. The urban geology database construction comprises the steps that the database construction target is to establish an urban geology and underground space database; the system is positioned as a basic data center on which urban geology and underground space depend, a convergence place of various data required by accident emergency processing, an information management and control center of various geology and underground space built in the whole life cycle of a city, a data exchange hub and an auxiliary support data center. In the aspect of database construction, efficient management and comprehensive application of urban geological data are realized through standard architecture, classified storage, safety measures and a reasonable updating mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional modeling systems, and in particular to a three-dimensional modeling system for complex geological bodies in urban geology. Background Art

[0002] The research objects of urban geology are developing towards macroscopic and microscopic polarization. The macroscopic aspect focuses on the spatiotemporal changes of large-scale geological laws, while the microscopic aspect focuses on the mechanism of fine-scale geological phenomena. The development of computer and GIS technology has laid a technical foundation for three-dimensional geological modeling. The three-dimensional visualization model can display the results and serve many aspects such as urban construction. Its research scope covers geological background, groundwater, soil quality, geological disasters, underground space resources and other aspects. It adopts a variety of technical means such as aerial survey and remote sensing, field investigation, physical and chemical exploration, and three-dimensional modeling, and they are often used in combination. Although urban geological research in my country started late, it has developed rapidly. However, there are still problems such as the lack of a standardized technical system, poor management of multi-source heterogeneous data, and lack of an efficient platform for thematic simulation.

[0003] There are two main technologies for urban geological three-dimensional modeling: vector structure modeling and raster interpolation modeling, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Vector structure modeling is simple, the boundaries of geological bodies are smooth, the model volume is small, but the internal attributes are uniform; raster interpolation modeling can depict the spatial variation of attributes and the results can be used for a variety of numerical simulations, but there are problems such as dependence on the accuracy and richness of field data, complex parameter adjustment, large model volume, low efficiency, and no geologically meaningful stratigraphic structure. Three-dimensional modeling is the technical support for urban geological surveys and research. Relying on big data cloud storage, it solves the problem of updating large-scale modeling and will become a key technical means in the future. However, the multi-scale problem of urban geological three-dimensional modeling has become a bottleneck. Currently, related research is sporadic and lacks a systematic theory and technical system.

[0004] Urban geological research has multi-scale characteristics. In the past, the limited scale range and precision of research made the scale balance effect not obvious. Nowadays, urban development needs are diverse, and the demand for geological information of different municipal businesses varies greatly. The spatial characteristics of urban geology have different manifestations at large, medium and small scales. At present, there is a lack of a unified framework for each research scale, which makes data fusion management difficult and difficult to meet the needs of geological information of different granularities. Although urban geological three-dimensional modeling has developed, there are still problems, such as multi-scale and multi-attribute coupling mechanism, lack of modeling suitability evaluation system, lack of quantitative evaluation method, etc. Its development trends include building a multi-scale and multi-attribute coupling mechanism based on big data technology, establishing a three-dimensional geological model database, realizing platform operation and maintenance, and integrated modeling of above-ground and underground. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a three-dimensional modeling system for complex geological bodies in urban geology, which solves the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] (II) Technical solution

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A three-dimensional modeling system for complex urban geological bodies, including the construction of urban geological database, three-dimensional model construction and evaluation of underground space resource development potential;

[0010] The construction of urban geological database includes:

[0011] The goal of database construction is to establish an urban geology and underground space database, which is positioned as a basic data center that urban geology and underground space rely on, a gathering place for various types of data required for accident emergency response, a management and control center for various types of geology and underground space information for the entire life cycle of the city, a data exchange hub, and an auxiliary support data center;

[0012] The database construction architecture includes the overall architecture and the logical architecture. The overall architecture is constructed in accordance with the unified spatiotemporal framework, information classification and coding system, information resource catalog system, and object-oriented data organization principles. It adopts a layered and hierarchical storage strategy, with a mature commercial relational database as the platform support, and cooperates with the spatial data engine to achieve multi-type, multi-scale, and multi-temporal spatial data integrated management, using a unified spatial coordinate reference; the logical architecture splits the data into two dimensions according to the hierarchy and business level;

[0013] Database construction includes two categories: basic database and special database. The basic database includes basic geographic database, urban geological survey database, underground space facility database, and special database includes dynamic monitoring database, business database, and metadata database.

[0014] The database has security measures, including monitoring address setting restrictions, backup system, operation authorization restrictions, audit function utilization, and view and stored procedure usage;

[0015] The data update of the database includes the update of basic geographic data, underground space facility data and urban geological data. Each data update includes corresponding data processing and maintenance measures as well as historical version management;

[0016] 3D model construction includes:

[0017] Modeling software selection takes into account one or more factors, such as applicability, ease of operation, and degree of secondary development. MAPGIS10 software is used to construct stratigraphic profiles, and EVS software is used for modeling. EVS software supports lithology modeling and stratigraphic modeling, multivariate data modeling, data openness, animation analysis, and powerful rendering functions.

[0018] The engineering geological structure modeling process includes borehole standardization, stratigraphic sequence construction, borehole data conversion, geological profile framework construction, three-dimensional stratigraphic model creation, and goaf model creation;

[0019] The process of building a three-dimensional attribute model of geotechnical mechanics parameters includes the construction of attribute data APDV and 3D-Kriging interpolation calculation based on stratum constraints;

[0020] The evaluation of underground space resource development potential includes:

[0021] The potential for underground space resource development is composed of two factors: the availability of underground space and the geological suitability of underground space development, and has corresponding weight distribution;

[0022] The evaluation index of underground space availability includes estimating the resource volume by eliminating the restrictive factors one by one according to the influencing factors, and constructing a three-dimensional evaluation model of underground space resource capacity in the working area, taking into account the constraints of buildings, urban roads, ecological red lines and goaf areas;

[0023] The evaluation indicators of underground space geological suitability include geomorphic and spatial conditions, geological structural conditions, geotechnical engineering properties and hydrogeological conditions, and a corresponding indicator classification scheme has been established;

[0024] Evaluation index information extraction methods include three-dimensional space analysis methods, ICMM mathematical model and three-dimensional evaluation software implementation. Three-dimensional space analysis methods include three-dimensional distance field analysis, three-dimensional space interpolation analysis, three-dimensional statistical analysis, three-dimensional surface feature analysis, three-dimensional space superposition analysis and three-dimensional expansion analysis methods.

[0025] Evaluation methods include constructing a hierarchical model using the analytic hierarchy process, calculating the comprehensive evaluation level or score using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and constructing a three-dimensional spatial analysis and evaluation data set.

[0026] Furthermore, the basic geographic database in the construction of the urban geological database mainly stores basic terrain, basic urban index, orthophoto, digital elevation model basic geographic information data, and the storage of basic geographic data adopts a storage method that conforms to the corresponding data characteristics, including storing DEM by converting it into a unified elevation matrix, DOM adopts uncompressed TIFF format and matches the positioning data file in text format, and attribute information and metadata adopt mdb format.

[0027] Furthermore, the urban geological survey database in the construction of the urban geological database is used to store hydrogeological, engineering geological, environmental geological, geological disaster, geological resource special survey data and three-dimensional geological model data obtained from urban geological surveys, and the data in the database can be divided into vector data, image raster data, attribute data and document data according to the data format. The vector and raster data are organized to achieve logical seamless connection, and the attribute and information data are dynamically associated with the vector data by establishing external attributes for the vector data.

[0028] Furthermore, the underground space facilities database in the construction of the urban geological database mainly stores the spatial position, basic attributes, and three-dimensional model data of 10 types of underground space facilities, including underground foundations, underground transportation facilities, underground municipal public facilities, underground public management and public service facilities, underground commercial service facilities, underground logistics and warehousing facilities, underground disaster prevention and mitigation facilities, underground residential facilities, underground industrial facilities, and other underground facilities. At the same time, the underground pipelines in the underground space facilities classification are divided into water supply, drainage, gas, heat, electricity, communications, industry, oil pipelines, and other pipelines according to their functions and uses, and the underground pipeline data include the spatial position and geometric shape, attribute information, and spatial relationship and related attribute information between elements of various pipe points, pipelines and ancillary facilities. The pipeline information database is uniformly organized according to the type of pipeline. Generally, each type of pipeline corresponds to two table structures, namely a point table and a line table.

[0029] Furthermore, the dynamic monitoring database in the construction of the urban geological database mainly stores geological monitoring data including groundwater, shallow geothermal energy, soil geochemistry, and geological disasters; dynamic monitoring data of underground space facilities including underground pipelines, integrated pipeline corridors, underground transportation facilities, disaster prevention and mitigation facilities, and underground municipal public facilities, and has corresponding data management and update mechanisms for the stored data to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of the data.

[0030] Furthermore, the lithology modeling and stratigraphic modeling supported by the modeling software EVS in the three-dimensional model construction creates lithology models or stratigraphic models based on drilling data, profile data and multiple data formats, and both models are true three-dimensional models, that is, data can be stored in any point and any unit in the space.

[0031] Furthermore, the standardized processing of drilling holes in the engineering geological structure modeling process in the three-dimensional model construction is carried out in accordance with national standards, industry standards, local standards, and system construction standards, with the help of GIS, Excel, and Access tools, and combined with the knowledge and experience of geological professionals to classify and organize the digitally processed geological data, including standardized processing of the drilling stratigraphic age and division of the engineering geological strata in the area and the formulation of engineering stratigraphic codes for each stratum.

[0032] Furthermore, the 3D-Kriging interpolation calculation based on stratum constraints in the process of constructing the three-dimensional attribute model of geotechnical mechanics parameters in the three-dimensional model construction includes the interpolation of rock and soil unit parameters. Taking into account the large differences in the engineering properties of clay and sandy soil, clay and sand are divided into upper and lower parts according to their bottom interface and attribute interpolation calculations are performed independently. For discontinuous changes or parameters, codes are compiled and assigned according to spatial range, stratum constraints or other interface constraints.

[0033] Furthermore, the building constraints in the underground space utilization evaluation index in the underground space resource development potential evaluation refer to the inversion of the building underground pile foundation depth by constructing a building underground space occupancy depth assessment model. The model takes into account the influence of the building height H and the bedrock burial depth D. There are different methods for determining the influence depth of different types of foundations, including the influence depth of natural foundations determined according to relevant specifications, and the influence depth of composite foundations, which is the artificial foundation treatment depth and is greatly affected by the building height H and the bedrock burial depth D. The evaluation model is obtained by collecting relevant data for fitting.

[0034] Furthermore, the geological structural conditions in the underground space geological suitability evaluation index in the underground space resource development potential evaluation refer to the fault structural fracture zone which has obvious adverse effects on the development of underground space. For the fault fracture zone, if the dark excavated section tunnel or station passes through it, these sections will be the key sections of design and construction. Not only the excavation and support measures should be taken to prevent landslides, but also the fault fracture zone, especially the upper plate of the fault, is often rich in water. The connectivity of these groundwaters is good. If drainage is mainly used during construction, it is possible to cause excessive water in the surrounding strata and cause large subsidence or local subsidence; if they appear in the vertical shaft, the vertical shaft wall must be well protected against collapse and special consideration should be given to groundwater; if they appear at the bottom of the deep foundation pit, if drainage measures are taken, it will cause uneven subsidence of the ground next to the foundation pit; if they are located at the bottom or below the side of the deep foundation pit, pressurized water may break through the foundation pit and emerge.

[0035] (III) Beneficial effects

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a three-dimensional modeling system for complex geological bodies in urban geology, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] In terms of database construction, the present invention realizes efficient management and comprehensive application of urban geological data through standardized architecture, classified storage, security measures and reasonable update mechanism;

[0038] In 3D modeling, the software is properly selected and a rigorous modeling process is used to accurately construct geological structure and attribute models, and intuitively present the spatial structure and topological relationship of the geological body;

[0039] When evaluating underground space resources, comprehensive consideration of multiple factors and the use of scientific evaluation methods can accurately assess development potential, provide a decision-making basis for the rational development and utilization of urban underground space, effectively avoid development risks, and improve resource utilization efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 A logical schematic diagram for building a data center of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of electronic and digital processing of document data of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 The present invention is a flowchart for the electronic and digital processing of geological map data.

[0044] Figure 5 It is a data level division diagram of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 It is a logical relationship diagram between databases of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 A flow chart for sequence modeling of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 8 Draw a flow chart for the cross section of the present invention;

[0048] Fig. 9 The flow chart of three-dimensional property modeling of the present invention;

[0049] Fig.10 It is a capacity composition relationship diagram of the constituent elements of the underground space of the present invention;

[0050] Fig.11 A geometric relationship diagram of the sun, satellite, building and shadow of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] Example

[0053] like Figure 1-10As shown, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a three-dimensional modeling system for complex urban geological bodies, including urban geological database construction, three-dimensional model construction and underground space resource development potential evaluation;

[0054] The construction of urban geological database includes:

[0055] 1.1, Database construction goals,

[0056] According to the needs and current status of urban geological surveys in the region, an urban geological and underground space database is established;

[0057] The database's target positioning can be summarized into the following five points:

[0058] (1) Basic data center for urban geology and underground space;

[0059] (2) A gathering place for various data required for emergency response to urban geology and underground space accidents;

[0060] (3) Build various geological and underground space information control centers throughout the city’s life cycle;

[0061] (4) A hub for the exchange of various urban geological and underground space data;

[0062] (5) Development and utilization of urban underground space to support data centers.

[0063] 1.2, Database construction architecture, including

[0064] 1.2.1: Overall architecture

[0065] The urban geology and underground space database is constructed according to the basic principles of a unified spatiotemporal framework, a unified information classification and coding system, a unified information resource catalog system, and a unified object-oriented data organization. The database construction is based on the following technical routes:

[0066] 1.2.2 Database construction logic

[0067] Data center logic design Figure 2 shown.

[0068] Layer splitting: Split the data into basic data and thematic data according to the characteristics of the data, and use a separate attribute database, spatial database and file database for each layer.

[0069] Business splitting: Each business module uses a separate database for storage. Different businesses access different databases, splitting the original dependence on one database into dependence on multiple databases, reducing database pressure and improving system throughput.

[0070] 1.2.3 Data Storage

[0071] The database is deployed on the database server, which provides supporting management software. The relational data uses the MySQL database.

[0072] 1.2.4 Database Classification

[0073] Urban geological survey data covers various data sources involved in geological surveys, including hydrogeology, engineering geology, environmental geology, geophysical exploration, geochemical exploration, remote sensing, basic and mineral geology, and other professional directions. At the same time, in order to meet the purpose of urban geological survey data serving the planning, construction and operation of Jinan City, the database also includes basic geographic data and underground space facilities related data. This database mainly establishes two major categories of standard databases: basic database and thematic database. The basic database is divided into basic geographic database, urban geological survey database, and underground space facilities database; the thematic database includes dynamic monitoring database, business database and metadata database.

[0074] 1.2.5 Database Security

[0075] The security protection of the database is carried out from the operating system level, database level, network level and application level. This database construction is mainly considered from the database level.

[0076] 1.2.6 Data Update

[0077] The timeliness of urban geological and underground space data is one of the important indicators to measure its use value. The better the timeliness of the data, the higher its added value.

[0078] 1.2.7 Database Environment Description

[0079] Leverage existing device data for applications;

[0080] 1.3, Data Collection and Standardization,

[0081] The digitized geological data are classified and processed by editing, collating, formatting, converting, summarizing and other processes.

[0082] 1.4, Database construction content,

[0083] Refer to the relevant national, industry and local database construction standards, and combine the characteristics of the city's local geological data to standardize and store them according to unified specifications and standards.

[0084] 1.4.2 Urban geological database

[0085] The urban geological database is mainly used to store special survey data such as hydrogeology, engineering geology, environmental geology, geological disasters, and geological resources obtained from urban geological surveys.

[0086] 1.4.2.1 Database Logical Structure

[0087] The hierarchical structure of the entire database is as follows Figure 5 As shown;

[0088] When the system is running, the logical relationship between the databases of the entire system is as follows Figure 6 As shown;

[0089] 1.4.2.2 Underground space facility data

[0090] 1) Classification and stratification of underground space facilities

[0091] 2) Underground space facility attribute data

[0092] 3) Underground pipelines (pipeline corridors)

[0093] 4) Three-dimensional model data of underground space facilities.

[0094] 1.4.3 Dynamic Monitoring Database

[0095] 1.4.4 Business Database

[0096] 1.4.5 Metadatabase

[0097] 1.5, Database quality control.

[0098] 3D model construction, including:

[0099] 2.1 Choice of modeling software

[0100] Taking into account the software's applicability, ease of operation, degree of secondary development and other factors, we considered using MAPGIS10 software to construct the stratigraphic profile and using EVS software to model this project.

[0101] 2.2 Engineering geological structure modeling process

[0102] EVS software supports two methods: sequence modeling and lithology modeling. Sequence modeling has obvious advantages for areas with relatively clear Quaternary sedimentary conditions, good sedimentary stratification, and no complex structures. The stratigraphic interface is established based on the geological profile boundary and drilling stratification data, and the stratigraphic interface is used to simulate the geological body. The sequence modeling process is as follows: Figure 7 As shown;

[0103] 2.2.1 Standardized drilling process

[0104] 2.2.2 Construction of stratigraphic sequence

[0105] 2.2.3 Drilling data conversion

[0106] 2.2.4 Construction of geological profile framework

[0107] Through the standardized drilling holes, the control profile network is connected to build the stratum skeleton. The main work flow is as follows: Figure 8 shown.

[0108] 2.2.5 Creating a 3D stratigraphic model

[0109] According to the borehole GMF file, combined with the surface elevation data, a process-based and modular modeling approach is adopted to create a three-dimensional stratigraphic model using convex hull grid and Kriging interpolation method.

[0110] (1) Grid division

[0111] EVS modeling software supports multiple grid types such as rectangular linear grid (Rectilinear), finite difference grid (FiniteDifference) and convex hull grid (Convex Hull). Each unit of the convex hull grid can be of different sizes and directions. The convex hull of a set of points in two-dimensional space is the smallest convex area containing the set. Finite difference grids and rectangular grids can construct regular grid units based on given grid accuracy, which has great advantages for attribute output, model secondary development and evaluation.

[0112] (2) Interpolation algorithm

[0113] This modeling uses the Kriging interpolation algorithm, and its discretized variance function formula is as follows:

[0114]

[0115] The variogram is the core of geostatistics and is defined as the incremental variance between two random variables t(p) and t(p+h) separated by |h| in any direction. It is based on inherent assumptions and reflects the characteristics of regionalized variables that vary with distance. This method uses the variogram and Kriging equations to obtain the weight coefficient wi, and its interpolation formula is as follows;

[0116]

[0117] In the formula, Z * (p0) is the estimated value at point p0; N is the number of sample points used for interpolation in the neighborhood; Z(p i ) is the sample point p i The measured value at i The weight of the i-th sample point's contribution to the estimated p0 point can be obtained by using the variance function and solving the Kriging equations. The Kriging equations are a linear equation system based on the variance function value, which is introduced as follows:

[0118]

[0119] 2.2.6 Create goaf model

[0120] The complex boundaries of the goaf are appropriately simplified according to the depth layer of every 25m, and the goaf is divided into depth stages and Boolean operations are performed in the model to construct the goaf.

[0121] 2.3 Construction process of three-dimensional attribute model of geotechnical mechanics parameters

[0122] The process of constructing the three-dimensional attribute model of urban underground space is as follows: Fig. 9 As shown;

[0123] 2.3.1 Construction of attribute data APDV

[0124] According to the aforementioned geological environment index extraction method, attribute data are obtained from experimental data of engineering geological drilling, site survey reports and other materials.

[0125] 2.3.2 3D-Kriging interpolation calculation based on formation constraints

[0126] 2.4.1 Basic Situation

[0127] According to the project design, drilling construction depth and data collection, after comprehensive consideration, the modeling depth of this model is -50m above sea level as the model bottom, forming a model with a depth of 100-150m to meet the short-term and long-term urban underground space development needs.

[0128] 2.4.2 Stratigraphic Overview

[0129] The distribution of various layers in the work area can be seen from the model.

[0130] 2.4.3 Fault structure

[0131] Faults are mainly fractures and some secondary faults (including inferred faults).

[0132] 2.4.4 Overview of important attributes

[0133] (1) Compression modulus

[0134] (2) Dynamic Probe / SPS Hits

[0135] (3) Uniaxial compressive strength

[0136] (4) Characteristic value of foundation bearing capacity.

[0137] 5) Water-rich formation

[0138] The water-richness of the formation is determined according to the regional hydrogeological characteristics.

[0139] 2.4.5 Goaf

[0140] The goaf model is obtained by constructing the boundary and burial depth of the goaf and performing Boolean operations with the geological model.

[0141] Evaluation of underground space resource development potential, including:

[0142] 3.1 Weight of underground space resource development potential

[0143] The development potential of urban underground space resources is composed of two factors: the availability of underground space and the geological suitability of underground space development.

[0144] 3.2 Evaluation indicators of underground space availability

[0145] There are many factors that affect underground space resources. When estimating the potential of underground space resources, the method of eliminating the restrictive factors one by one can be adopted, that is, first superimposing the spatial scope of each restrictive factor to obtain the undevelopable underground space area, and then deducting this part of the area to obtain the developable area. Let Vn be the amount of natural resources in the underground space of the planning area, V be the amount of potentially developable space resources, and Vi (i = 1, 2...k) correspond to the amount of space resources occupied by geological disasters, water bodies, and developed underground space. Since the various restrictive factors may overlap in space, the final evaluation model of underground space resource potential is:

[0146]

[0147] Combined with the data and information of the work area, this work selected ground building foundations, main roads, parks and green spaces and other aspects from the categories of environmental factors, human factors and construction factors to construct a three-dimensional evaluation model for the underground space resource capacity of the work area.

[0148] 3.2.1 Building constraints

[0149] The depth of underground space occupied by a building mainly refers to the depth of influence of the building foundation that bears the load of the building superstructure. This part of the space directly affects the stability and safety of the building and should be avoided when using the underground space. This project focuses on the depth of influence of the building foundation (Z), which is greatly affected by the building height H and the bedrock burial depth D. Therefore, an evaluation model of Z = f (H, D) is constructed through some measured data.

[0150] For the depth of influence of composite foundation, the main bearing layer is the depth range of artificial treatment, and its foundation influence depth Z is the depth of artificial foundation treatment. According to the collected data, the composite foundations of multi-story, high-rise and super high-rise buildings in the work area generally use pile foundations, so its foundation influence depth Z is the pile length, and the pile length is generally greatly affected by the building height H and the bedrock burial depth D. By collecting geotechnical engineering survey reports and some measured data of building heights in the work area, statistical samples of H, D, and Z were obtained.

[0151] For low-rise buildings, i.e. H≤9m, shallow foundations are generally used, and Z=5m is specified. When H>9m, the survey data of H, D, and Z are fitted by Matlab binary nonlinear fitting, as shown in the figure, and the evaluation model is as follows, R2=0.76:

[0152] Z=0.4793H+0.3398D-0.001HD+5

[0153] Based on the above assessment model, combined with the surface building data (plane distribution and height information) obtained by remote sensing mapping and the bedrock depth data based on the three-dimensional geological model, the plane distribution of the underground space occupied by buildings in the work area is obtained;

[0154] (1) Building height (H) information extraction

[0155] The high-resolution remote sensing data obtained by satellites are mainly processed by traditional remote sensing image preprocessing to construct the morphological building index (MBI) and shadow index (MSI), and the high-resolution remote sensing image buildings and their shadow contours are extracted by combining multi-scale optimization segmentation and object-oriented classification technology.

[0156] (2) Bedrock depth

[0157] This project extracts bedrock depth data based on the three-dimensional geological model of the work area.

[0158] (3) Evaluation results

[0159] In order to avoid adverse effects of deep underground space development on existing buildings, the scope of underground space development must maintain a certain horizontal and vertical distance from the original buildings to ensure that the spatial scope of existing buildings is not violated and to ensure the safety of the building foundation and site.

[0160] Hh=(1.5~3.0)Shx

[0161] Where: Hh—building influence restriction (m3);

[0162] S—projected area of ​​building foundation influence range (m2);

[0163] hx—Building influence restriction depth (m).

[0164] Based on the bedrock depth distribution map and building height map, the depth distribution of underground space occupied by buildings was obtained through ArcGIS spatial analysis.

[0165] 3.2.2 Urban road constraints

[0166] Urban road facilities are the main arteries of urban transportation. When developing underground space, attention should be paid to protecting the safety and smooth flow of such facilities. The capacity of urban road underground space can be calculated as follows:

[0167] Vr=(hii-5)×Sr

[0168] Where: Vr is the capacity of underground space under the road;

[0169] Sr is the road area;

[0170] hi—development depth;

[0171] 3.2.3 Ecological red line constraints

[0172] Ecological protection red lines refer to the spatial boundaries and management limits that need to be strictly protected in terms of natural ecological service functions, environmental quality and safety, and natural resource utilization, in order to maintain national and regional ecological security and sustainable economic and social development. There are no ecological red lines in this work area.

[0173] 3.2.4 Goaf constraints

[0174] The existence of goaf in the working area is a restrictive factor for the development of underground space.

[0175] 3.3 Evaluation indicators of underground space geological suitability

[0176] This work collects the types of underground space development and utilization in the work area, systematically sorts out the types of underground space projects, and analyzes the factors that have an impact on underground space development.

[0177] The evaluation indicators to be used in this work to evaluate the geological environment of underground space resources mainly include:

[0178] 10.3.1 Landform and spatial conditions

[0179] The measurement of landform and spatial conditions can be composed of the elements of terrain slope and underground space depth.

[0180] 1. Terrain slope

[0181] 2. Depth of underground space

[0182] 3.3.2 Geological and structural conditions

[0183] Fault structural fracture zones have obvious adverse effects on the development of underground space.

[0184] 3.3.3 Geotechnical engineering properties and conditions

[0185] As the medium and environment of urban underground space, the engineering properties of underground rock and soil will directly affect the difficulty of underground excavation and the stability of surrounding rock, and play a decisive role in the overall safety and economy of underground projects.

[0186] 3.3.4 Hydrogeological conditions

[0187] The impact of hydrogeological conditions on the utilization of urban underground space is mostly negative, which will increase the difficulty of underground space development and the cost of underground space development and utilization. In view of the impact of the above-mentioned hydrological conditions on underground engineering development, the relevant elements of hydrogeological conditions summarized in this work include:

[0188] 1. Groundwater level

[0189] 2. Water-rich formation

[0190] 3.4 Evaluation index information extraction method

[0191] At present, most mathematical models for urban underground space evaluation are based on traditional fuzzy mathematics theory. When conducting an overall evaluation of the urban underground space, the evaluation indicators are pre-classified. The calculated multi-factor evaluation results of the urban underground space are all qualitative grades in a stepped manner, which fail to achieve the quantification, refinement and continuity of the multi-factor evaluation results of the urban underground space, and are even unable to reflect the detailed differences and spatial gradients of the urban underground space evaluation objects.

[0192] 3.4.1 Three-dimensional spatial analysis method

[0193] Based on the three-dimensional evaluation index system of underground space potential and underground space resource quality established above, it is necessary to construct a three-dimensional evaluation data set for the three-dimensional geological model based on the corresponding three-dimensional spatial analysis method.

[0194] For the many three-dimensional evaluation factors mentioned above, the corresponding three-dimensional spatial analysis methods are as follows:

[0195] 1. Three-dimensional distance field analysis method

[0196] Three-dimensional distance field analysis is an important analytical method to measure the distance between the target geological body and its influence. In the process of constructing a three-dimensional evaluation dataset for the geological suitability of underground space development, three-dimensional buffer zone analysis can be carried out for elements such as fractures, soft soils, aquifers, and unfavorable geological bodies.

[0197] There are usually three measurement methods for describing spatial distance, namely Euclidean distance, block distance and chessboard distance. Among them, Euclidean distance is usually used to characterize the geological body itself and its influence distance.

[0198] Ordinary Euclidean distance calculation method:

[0199]

[0200] Where, the coordinates of the target center of gravity to be calculated are x0, y0, z0, and the coordinates of the center of gravity of the target block are x1, y1, z1; dis is the Euclidean distance between the two points.

[0201] The common Euclidean distance calculation method is often used for two-dimensional buffer calculation and analysis, and its advantage is high accuracy. However, its time complexity is as high as O(n2), so in the face of a large number of three-dimensional unit cube units, it is necessary to rely on optimization algorithms to reduce running time and improve running efficiency.

[0202] 2. Three-dimensional space interpolation method

[0203] The three-dimensional space interpolation method mainly analyzes the spatial structure and distribution law of the data and predicts the unknown position based on the known data.

[0204] (1) Inverse distance power method

[0205] The inverse distance power method is also known as the Shepard method. It is based on a series of discrete points distributed in space, and its position coordinates (xi, yi, zi) and attribute values ​​ti (i = 1, 2, ..., n) are known. For any position p (x, y, z) in three-dimensional space, the attribute value of point p is obtained through distance weighted interpolation based on the attribute values ​​of discrete points in its neighborhood.

[0206] Each discrete point in the neighborhood has a different influence on point p due to the difference in distribution position. This influence can be expressed by the weight coefficient wi(x, y, z). The power index controls the magnitude of the change in the weight coefficient due to the increase in distance. For a larger power index, closer data points are given a higher weight share; for a smaller power index, the weight is distributed more evenly to each data point. The formula for the inverse distance power method is as follows:

[0207]

[0208] The weight w i =1 / [d i (x,y,z)] u The u value is generally 2. In the weight expression,

[0209] Represents the distance from the discrete point (xi, yi, zi) to p(x, y, z);

[0210] (2) Kriging interpolation method

[0211] Methods The variogram is used as a research tool to describe the spatial distribution structure and randomness of the variables. The discretized variogram formula is as follows:

[0212]

[0213] The variogram is the core of geostatistics and is defined as the incremental variance between two random variables t(p) and t(p+h) separated by |h| in any direction. It is based on inherent assumptions and reflects the characteristics of regionalized variables that vary with distance.

[0214] Similar to the inverse distance weighted interpolation method, the Kriging method is also a sliding weighted average interpolation method. The only difference is that the variance function and the Kriging equation group are used to obtain the weight coefficient wi. The interpolation formula is as follows:

[0215]

[0216] In the formula, Z * (p0) is the estimated value at point p0; N is the number of sample points used for interpolation in the neighborhood; Z(p i ) is the sample point p i The measured value at i The weight of the i-th sample point's contribution to the estimated p0 point can be obtained by using the variance function and solving the Kriging equations:

[0217] The Kriging equations are a set of linear equations based on the variance function value, which are introduced by a Lagrange multiplier μ, as shown below:

[0218]

[0219] 3. Three-dimensional surface feature analysis method

[0220] In the process of analyzing and extracting the three-dimensional evaluation data set of geological suitability for underground space development, the surface inclination, bedrock surface inclination and undulation can be calculated and extracted using the three-dimensional surface feature analysis method.

[0221] 1) Slope

[0222] Slope analysis is mainly used to quantitatively express the inclination of a geological surface. When the surface H = f(x, y) is known, the slope can be calculated using the following formula: In the formula, fx is defined as the elevation gradient in the east-west direction, and fy is defined as the elevation gradient in the north-south direction. For a regular three-dimensional cube unit, the difference or local surface fitting method can be used to solve and calculate fx and fy in a local range (3×3) based on the local window shown in the figure below;

[0223] 2) Fluctuation

[0224] The undulation is mainly used to quantify the undulation and complexity of the surface, and can be calculated using a method based on a sliding local window. The undulation can be calculated using the following formula:

[0225] F f =H max -H min

[0226] Where Hmax is the highest elevation of the center of the cube unit in the sliding local window, and Hmin is the lowest elevation of the center of the cube unit in the sliding local window.

[0227] 4. Three-dimensional statistical analysis method

[0228] The three-dimensional statistical analysis method includes three-dimensional complexity analysis, three-dimensional thickness analysis, three-dimensional height statistical analysis method, etc. It is mainly used to perform statistical calculations on the complexity of engineering geological layers in the vertical direction, the thickness of the underlying soft soil (hard soil) layer, and the thickness of the aquifer.

[0229] 5. Three-dimensional spatial overlay analysis method

[0230] The 3D spatial overlay analysis function is designed to perform spatial overlay analysis and calculation on 3D geological units. The overlay object can be a geological entity model, a cube unit representing a variety of geological information, or a different spatial range.

[0231] 6. Three-dimensional expansion analysis method

[0232] The three-dimensional expansion analysis method is aimed at existing or calculated two-dimensional evaluation data, such as terrain, slope, ground subsidence rate, bedrock undulation and other information. It needs to be expanded in the target direction to obtain three-dimensional data of the target spatial domain (level I, level II or level III) as the three-dimensional evaluation factor information of underground space suitability.

[0233] Based on the above method, the restrictive factors affecting the geological suitability of underground space development can be quickly identified and extracted, and a three-dimensional evaluation data set of geological suitability for underground space development can be established.

[0234] 3.4.2 ICMM mathematical model

[0235] 1. Determine the benchmark interval of evaluation indicators

[0236] According to the influencing factors, it can be divided into two types: qualitative evaluation indicators and quantitative evaluation indicators. Two assumptions are made for the benchmark interval of the evaluation indicators:

[0237] (1) When the evaluation index is a qualitative index, assume that its reference interval is a fixed interval [0,5], and take its original value V within the reference interval according to the corresponding qualitative description criterion i .

[0238] (2) When the evaluation index is a quantitative index, it is assumed that its reference interval is a dynamic interval [V l ,V r ], combined with the data characteristics of the evaluation target and existing research results, and then based on the actual value of the evaluation index as its original value V in the benchmark interval i Among them, V l 、V r Generally, the minimum and maximum values ​​of all evaluation indicators are taken.

[0239] 2. Determine the quantitative value of the evaluation index

[0240] The following assumptions are used when evaluating the qualitative / quantitative evaluation indicators of quality level:

[0241] (1)V q The value range of is [0,1];

[0242] (2) V q The value selection principle:

[0243] ①When V i When the value is outside the left and right endpoints of the reference interval, V q Take them as 0 and 1 respectively.

[0244] ②When V i When the value is within the reference range, the V q There are the following positive and negative correlations with the evaluation results:

[0245] For positive correlation evaluation indicators,

[0246] For negative correlation evaluation indicators,

[0247] 3. Calculate the evaluation results

[0248] Combined with the appropriate weight system in the above chapters, the weighted average summation mathematical method is used to calculate the evaluation result L:

[0249] At this time, the value range of the comprehensive evaluation result L is [0,1], which has the characteristics of continuous change and comparability.

[0250] 3.4.3 Implementation of 3D evaluation software

[0251] 1. Normalized attributes

[0252] According to the attributes of each node in the three-dimensional attribute model, V l 、V rGenerally, the minimum and maximum values ​​of all the evaluation indicators are taken. Through normalization, each single evaluation factor is between [0, 1]. According to the above quantitative value attribute calculation formula, it is implemented in the node_computation module of EVS through the python plug-in.

[0253] 2. Normalization of 3D attribute model parameters

[0254] According to the normalization algorithm, the normalized three-dimensional properties of each evaluation parameter are calculated by the python plug-in in the node_computation module in EVS.

[0255] 3. Geological environment suitability and comprehensive quality calculation

[0256] (1) Attribute weight calculation

[0257] (2) Evaluation calculation

[0258] 3.5 Evaluation methods

[0259] This work constructs a hierarchical model for urban underground space resource evaluation based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP); based on the three-dimensional evaluation data set and the weight index obtained through the right confirmation method, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is further used to calculate the comprehensive evaluation level or score of underground space resource quality. The underground space resource development potential model is carried out using the item-by-item subtraction model.

[0260] 3.5.1 Analytical Hierarchy Process

[0261] The analytic hierarchy process, referred to as AHP, consists of the following steps:

[0262] 1. Establish a hierarchical structure model

[0263] The research problem is decomposed into several influencing factors, and then the influencing factors are divided into several groups according to categories. A hierarchical model is established in the hierarchical order of target layer-criterion layer and indicator layer.

[0264] 2. Construct judgment matrix

[0265] Based on the hierarchical structure model, combined with the 1-9 scaling method and expert experience, the relative importance of the elements in each level is judged by pairwise comparison, and a pairwise comparison judgment matrix is ​​constructed.

[0266] 3. Hierarchical single sorting and consistency test

[0267] Calculate the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix and its corresponding eigenvector at each single level (criteria level) and perform consistency test on the judgment matrix. If the result can pass the consistency test of the judgment matrix, the value corresponding to the eigenvector is the weight of each evaluation index. The consistency test is performed using the following formula;

[0268] CR=CI / RI

[0269] CI=(λ max -n) / (n-1)

[0270] Where: CR represents the random consistency ratio of the judgment matrix.

[0271] CI represents the general consistency index of the judgment matrix.

[0272] RI represents the average random uniformity index of the judgment matrix. For judgment matrices of order 1 to 9, the RI values ​​are shown in the table.

[0273] It is usually considered statistically that when CR is less than 0.1, the judgment matrix is ​​considered to have satisfactory consistency, indicating that the weight distribution coefficient is reasonable. Otherwise, the judgment matrix needs to be adjusted until satisfactory consistency is achieved.

[0274] 4. Hierarchical total sorting and consistency test

[0275] Further, based on the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix under the target layer and its corresponding eigenvector, the consistency check of the judgment matrix is ​​performed to calculate the ranking weights of the relative importance of all indicator layers to the highest layer (target layer).

[0276] 3.5.2 Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model

[0277] It is more appropriate to choose a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model and method. The specific steps are as follows:

[0278] 1. Determine the evaluation factor set

[0279] Assume that there are m influencing factors of the evaluation object, namely u1, u2, …u m , then the factor set in fuzzy judgment can be expressed as U = {u1,u2,…u m}, the set of factors that affect the evaluation of underground space and constitute the evaluation factor set.

[0280] 2. Determine the comment set

[0281] The comment set is a collection of comment levels composed of various possible total evaluation results made by the evaluator on the evaluated object. Assume that there are n evaluation result levels, namely v1, v2, …v n , then in fuzzy evaluation, the comment set can be expressed as V = {v1,v2,…v nIn the evaluation of underground space, the evaluation index classification results constitute its comment set.

[0282] 3. Determine the fuzzy matrix

[0283] Based on the evaluation factor set and comment set, the attributes of each factor are deeply analyzed and the appropriate membership function is selected to calculate the membership r of each factor in the factor set to each comment level in the comment set. ij ,r ij Indicator u i Rating v j The membership degree of the factor set to the comment set is constructed to construct the fuzzy evaluation matrix R = (r ij ) m×n .

[0284] 4. Fuzzy comprehensive synthesis

[0285] Select a suitable fuzzy operator, synthesize the weight vector T calculated based on the weighting method with the fuzzy matrix R, and obtain the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation result W, which is expressed as Where "o" represents the fuzzy operator, methods.

[0286] 5. Ranking of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation results

[0287] According to the maximum membership principle, if max{t1,t2…,t m}=t j , then the final evaluation result is t j Corresponding review level v j .

[0288] 3.5.3 Three-dimensional spatial analysis and evaluation dataset construction

[0289] The three-dimensional evaluation of geological suitability for underground space development uses the aforementioned weight calculation method to carry out subjective and objective joint weighting based on AHP and EWM for the primary and secondary evaluation indicators.

[0290] 1. First-level evaluation index empowerment

[0291] The weight of the first-level classification is calculated according to the hierarchical analysis method. According to the judgment matrix of the first-level evaluation index, the maximum eigenvalue λ is obtained. max=3.0183, and its corresponding eigenvector is W=(0.257, 0.221, 0.236, 0.232); consistency index CI=0.0091; average random consistency index RI=0.58; consistency ratio CR=0.0158<0.1, the judgment matrix has good consistency, which shows that the judgment of the weight value of the first-level evaluation index is reliable. That is, the weight value of the first-level evaluation index S, G, and H is W=(0.257, 0.221, 0.236, 0.232).

[0292] 2. Weighting of secondary parameter indicators

[0293] The weights of the secondary indicators of rock and soil parameters are calculated using the expert scoring method and the analytic hierarchy process. The weight values ​​of parameters such as topography, depth, structural conditions, bearing capacity, and stratum water richness are W = (0.132, 0.125, 0.221, 0.236, 0.072, and 0.160), respectively.

[0294] 3. Final weight calculation of evaluation indicators

[0295] Based on the calculation of the first-level evaluation indicators and each second-level evaluation indicator, the final weight of each second-level evaluation indicator is obtained.

[0296] 3.6 Evaluation results

[0297] The difficulty assessment of underground space is carried out according to the influence of various factors in different spatial domains, including shallow (0-15m), sub-shallow (15-30m), sub-deep (30-50m) and deep (50-100m).

[0298] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional modeling system for complex geological bodies in urban geology, characterized in that: Including the construction of urban geological database, three-dimensional model construction and evaluation of underground space resource development potential; The construction of urban geological database includes: The goal of database construction is to establish an urban geology and underground space database, which is positioned as a basic data center that urban geology and underground space rely on, a gathering place for various types of data required for accident emergency response, a management and control center for various types of geology and underground space information for the entire life cycle of the city, a data exchange hub, and an auxiliary support data center; The database construction architecture includes the overall architecture and the logical architecture. The overall architecture is constructed in accordance with the unified spatiotemporal framework, information classification and coding system, information resource catalog system, and object-oriented data organization principles. It adopts a layered and hierarchical storage strategy, with a mature commercial relational database as the platform support, and cooperates with the spatial data engine to achieve multi-type, multi-scale, and multi-temporal spatial data integrated management, using a unified spatial coordinate reference; the logical architecture splits the data into two dimensions according to the hierarchy and business level; Database construction includes two categories: basic database and special database. The basic database includes basic geographic database, urban geological survey database, underground space facility database, and special database includes dynamic monitoring database, business database, and metadata database. The database has security measures, including monitoring address setting restrictions, backup system, operation authorization restrictions, audit function utilization, and view and stored procedure usage; The data update of the database includes the update of basic geographic data, underground space facility data and urban geological data. Each data update includes corresponding data processing and maintenance measures as well as historical version management; 3D model construction includes: Modeling software selection takes into account one or more factors, such as applicability, ease of operation, and degree of secondary development. MAPGIS10 software is used to construct stratigraphic profiles, and EVS software is used for modeling. EVS software supports lithology modeling and stratigraphic modeling, multivariate data modeling, data openness, animation analysis, and powerful rendering functions. The engineering geological structure modeling process includes borehole standardization, stratigraphic sequence construction, borehole data conversion, geological profile framework construction, three-dimensional stratigraphic model creation, and goaf model creation; The process of building a three-dimensional attribute model of geotechnical mechanics parameters includes the construction of attribute data APDV and 3D-Kriging interpolation calculation based on stratum constraints; The evaluation of underground space resource development potential includes: The potential for underground space resource development is composed of two factors: the availability of underground space and the geological suitability of underground space development, and has corresponding weight distribution; The evaluation index of underground space availability includes estimating the resource volume by eliminating the restrictive factors one by one according to the influencing factors, and constructing a three-dimensional evaluation model of underground space resource capacity in the working area, taking into account the constraints of buildings, urban roads, ecological red lines and goaf areas; The evaluation indicators of underground space geological suitability include geomorphic and spatial conditions, geological structural conditions, geotechnical engineering properties and hydrogeological conditions, and a corresponding indicator classification scheme has been established; Evaluation index information extraction methods include three-dimensional space analysis methods, ICMM mathematical model and three-dimensional evaluation software implementation. Three-dimensional space analysis methods include three-dimensional distance field analysis, three-dimensional space interpolation analysis, three-dimensional statistical analysis, three-dimensional surface feature analysis, three-dimensional space superposition analysis and three-dimensional expansion analysis methods. Evaluation methods include constructing a hierarchical model using the analytic hierarchy process, calculating the comprehensive evaluation level or score using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and constructing a three-dimensional spatial analysis and evaluation data set.

2. A three-dimensional modeling system for complex urban geological bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basic geographic database in the construction of the urban geological database mainly stores basic terrain, basic urban index, orthophoto, digital elevation model basic geographic information data, and the storage of basic geographic data adopts a storage method that conforms to the corresponding data characteristics, including storing DEM by converting it into a unified elevation matrix, DOM adopts uncompressed TIFF format and matches the positioning data file in text format, and attribute information and metadata adopt mdb format.

3. The three-dimensional modeling system of urban geological complex bodies according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The urban geological survey database in the construction of the urban geological database is used to store the hydrogeological, engineering geological, environmental geological, geological disaster, geological resource special survey data and three-dimensional geological model data obtained from the urban geological survey, and the data in the database can be divided into vector data, image raster data, attribute data and document data according to the data format. The vector and raster data are organized to achieve logical seamless connection, and the attribute and information data are dynamically associated with the vector data by establishing external attributes for the vector data.

4. The three-dimensional modeling system of urban geological complex bodies according to claim 1 is characterized by: The underground space facilities database in the construction of the urban geological database mainly stores the spatial position, basic attributes, and three-dimensional model data of 10 types of underground space facilities, including underground foundations, underground transportation facilities, underground municipal public facilities, underground public management and public service facilities, underground commercial service facilities, underground logistics and warehousing facilities, underground disaster prevention and mitigation facilities, underground residential facilities, underground industrial facilities, and other underground facilities. At the same time, the underground pipelines in the underground space facilities classification are divided into water supply, drainage, gas, heat, electricity, communications, industry, oil pipelines, and other pipelines according to their functions and uses, and the underground pipeline data include the spatial position and geometric shape of various pipe points, pipelines and ancillary facilities, attribute information, and spatial relationships and related attribute information between elements. The pipeline information database is uniformly organized according to the type of pipeline. Generally, each type of pipeline corresponds to two table structures, namely a point table and a line table.

5. The three-dimensional modeling system of urban geological complex bodies according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The dynamic monitoring database in the construction of the urban geological database mainly stores geological monitoring data including groundwater, shallow geothermal energy, soil geochemistry, and geological disasters; dynamic monitoring data of underground space facilities including underground pipelines, integrated pipeline corridors, underground transportation facilities, disaster prevention and mitigation facilities, and underground municipal public facilities, and has corresponding data management and update mechanisms for the stored data to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of the data.

6. The three-dimensional modeling system of urban geological complex bodies according to claim 1 is characterized by: The lithology modeling and stratigraphic modeling supported by the modeling software EVS in the three-dimensional model construction create lithology models or stratigraphic models based on drilling data, profile data and multiple data formats, and both models are true three-dimensional models, that is, data can be stored in any point and any unit in the space.

7. The three-dimensional modeling system of urban geological complex bodies according to claim 1 is characterized by: The standardized processing of boreholes in the engineering geological structure modeling process in the three-dimensional model construction is carried out in accordance with national standards, industry standards, local standards, and system construction standards, with the help of GIS, Excel, and Access tools, and combined with the knowledge and experience of geological professionals to classify and organize the digitally processed geological data, including standardized processing of the borehole stratigraphic age and division of the engineering geological strata in the area and formulation of engineering stratigraphic codes for each stratum.

8. The three-dimensional modeling system of urban geological complex bodies according to claim 1 is characterized by: The 3D-Kriging interpolation calculation based on stratum constraints in the construction process of the three-dimensional attribute model of geotechnical mechanics parameters in the three-dimensional model construction includes the interpolation of rock and soil unit parameters. Taking into account the large differences in the engineering properties of clay and sand, clay and sand are divided into upper and lower parts according to their bottom interface and attribute interpolation calculations are performed independently. For discontinuous changes or parameters, codes are compiled and assigned according to spatial range, stratum constraints or other interface constraints.

9. The three-dimensional modeling system of urban geological complex bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The building constraint in the underground space utilization evaluation index in the underground space resource development potential evaluation refers to the inversion of the building underground pile foundation depth by constructing a building underground space occupancy depth evaluation model. The model takes into account the influence of the building height H and the bedrock burial depth D. There are different methods for determining the influence depth of different types of foundations, including the influence depth of natural foundations determined according to relevant specifications, and the influence depth of composite foundations, which is the artificial foundation treatment depth and is greatly affected by the building height H and the bedrock burial depth D. The evaluation model is obtained by collecting relevant data for fitting.

10. The three-dimensional modeling system of urban geological complex bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The geological structural conditions in the underground space geological suitability evaluation index in the underground space resource development potential evaluation refer to the fault structural fracture zone which has obvious adverse effects on the development of underground space. For the fault fracture zone, if the dark excavated section tunnel or station passes through it, these sections will be the key sections of design and construction. Not only the excavation and support measures should be taken to prevent landslides, but also the fault fracture zone, especially the upper plate of the fault, is often rich in water. The connectivity of these groundwaters is good. If the construction is mainly based on drainage, it is possible to cause excessive water in the surrounding strata and cause large subsidence or local subsidence. If they appear in the vertical shaft, the vertical shaft wall must be well protected against collapse and special consideration should be given to groundwater. If they appear at the bottom of the deep foundation pit, if drainage measures are taken, it will cause uneven subsidence of the ground next to the foundation pit. If they are located at the bottom or below the side of the deep foundation pit, pressurized water may break through the foundation pit and emerge.

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