Portable safe peanut picking, residue screening and harvesting all-in-one machine and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable safe peanut picking, residue screening and harvesting all-in-one machine and a working method thereof. Comprising a rack, a feeding port formed in the top of the rack, a double-layer fruit taking wheel mechanism located below the feeding port, a discharging port located below the double-layer fruit taking wheel mechanism, a vibrating screen mechanism located below the discharging port, a component box, a battery box and a safety protection assembly used for guaranteeing safety of the operation process, wherein the component box and the battery box are installed on the rack. The feeding port is designed to be in an hourglass shape so that crops can be led in, and operators and the double-layer fruit taking wheel mechanism can be isolated so that the safety of the operators can be guaranteed. The double-layer fruit taking wheel mechanism is arranged on the rack, baffles are arranged on the periphery of the double-layer fruit taking wheel mechanism, the feeding port, the discharging port and the baffles are fixed to the rack, and the discharging port is formed between the double-layer fruit taking wheel mechanism and the vibrating screen mechanism so that it can be guaranteed that peanuts which are hit down can accurately fall onto the vibrating screen mechanism. The fruit picker is small, portable and high in safety, can be conveniently used on a harvesting site, and has efficient fruit picking and soil screening functions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and relates to a crop fruit picking device, in particular to a portable peanut safe picking, screening and harvesting integrated machine and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Traditional peanut harvesting generally involves stacking the peanuts together and drying them after picking, then picking the fruits manually or using unpowered tools. This form of harvesting is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and crops are prone to rot during the drying process. In order to improve labor efficiency, there are many peanut safe picking and screening harvesting machines on the market, mainly medium and large-scale machines, such as the peanut safe picking and screening harvesting machines mentioned in patents such as application numbers CN202311707622.3 and CN202210797725.2. Although this type of peanut safe picking and screening harvesting machine can achieve basic fruit picking functions and is suitable for large-scale planting areas, for areas with complex terrain such as mountainous areas and hills in the south where it is inconvenient to use medium and large-scale machinery, as well as small-scale farmers, this type of equipment has problems such as high cost, difficulty in use, inconvenient operation, and large size, and requires workers to transport crops from the harvesting site in the field to the production site, which consumes a lot of labor and has low production efficiency.

[0003] There are few safe peanut picking, screening and harvesting machines for small-scale peanut growers on the market, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of fruit picking quality and safety. For example, the safe peanut picking, screening and harvesting machine mentioned in the patent with application number CN202311397580.8, although it can achieve the basic fruit picking function by relying on the rotating ring structure, the mechanism is large in mass and consumes high energy. It is not suitable for fields, and it is not equipped with a power screen. The peanuts after picking are often mixed with soil impurities, which affects the efficiency and quality of subsequent processing. In addition, the peanut picking device has not been treated with safety protection. The dust generated during production is not conducive to the health of workers, and safety hazards are prone to occur during operation.

[0004] At the same time, most of the existing peanut safe picking, screening and harvesting machines use alternating current as a power source, which is not convenient for use at the harvesting site in the field and has certain electricity risks. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a small, portable, safe, convenient peanut harvesting machine with safe picking, screening and harvesting functions and high efficiency of picking fruits and screening soil. The double-layer fruit wheel mechanism with light weight, low energy consumption and compact structure can be used to thresh crops; soil and impurities can be separated from peanut fruits through a vibrating screen mechanism; safety protection can be achieved through a safety protection component; batteries or diesel engines can be used as power sources and due to their light weight and small size, operators can carry them to the harvesting site in the field, and avoid the potential safety hazards of electricity use at the harvesting site, thereby improving the production efficiency and safety of agricultural operations; the mechanical structure is streamlined, the cost is low, and it is easy to achieve maintenance and mass production.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a portable peanut safe picking, screening and harvesting machine, comprising a frame, a feed inlet installed on the top of the frame, a double-layer fruit picking wheel mechanism located below the feed inlet, a discharge port located below the double-layer fruit picking wheel mechanism, a vibrating screen mechanism located below the discharge port, a component box and a battery box installed on the frame, and a safety protection component for ensuring the safety of the operation process, wherein the feed inlet is designed to be an hourglass shape to introduce crops and isolate operators from the double-layer fruit picking wheel mechanism to ensure the safety of the operators; baffles are provided around the double-layer fruit picking wheel mechanism, the feed inlet, the discharge port and the baffles are fixed on the frame, and the discharge port is arranged between the double-layer fruit picking wheel mechanism and the vibrating screen mechanism to ensure that the fallen peanut fruits can accurately fall onto the vibrating screen mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the double-layer fruit picking wheel mechanism includes a double-layer fruit picking wheel and a driving motor that drives the double-layer fruit picking wheel. The driving motor is fixed to the frame by screws, and the driving motor and the transmission shaft are connected by a coupling. A flat key is provided to connect the transmission shaft and the double-layer fruit picking wheel to ensure that the driving motor can drive the transmission shaft and the double-layer fruit picking wheel to rotate.

[0008] Preferably, the double-layered fruit picking wheel comprises a hub and a plurality of spokes mounted on the hub, the spokes are fixed to the hub by welding, and the hub is connected to the transmission shaft by interference fit to ensure that the transmission shaft drives the double-layered fruit picking wheel to rotate; each spoke is wrapped with a plastic mold to ensure that the peanut fruit is not damaged during threshing.

[0009] Preferably, the vibrating screen mechanism includes a vibrating motor, a vibrating screen, a screen side baffle and two groups of springs A and spring B with different strokes. Two groups of springs with different strokes are used to ensure the inclination of the vibrating screen; the two groups of springs are respectively fixed to the frame by screws and connected to the bottom of the vibrating screen and the screen side baffle. The vibrating motor is fixed to the bottom of the vibrating screen by screws to drive the vibrating screen to vibrate and screen out impurities attached to the peanut fruits.

[0010] The invention adopts a small vibration motor to drive a vibration screen (net), which automatically separates the soil and impurities attached in the fruit picking process from the peanut fruits, improves the cleanliness of the fruits, and reduces the workload of subsequent processing.

[0011] Preferably, the safety protection component includes a visual sensor, an electromagnetic brake, a central processing unit and two infrared temperature sensors, wherein the two infrared temperature sensors are respectively arranged at the two side walls of the feed port by screw connection, the visual sensor is arranged on the baffle on one side of the double-layer fruit picking wheel mechanism by screw connection, and the electromagnetic brake is connected to the drive motor shaft by a set screw; the infrared temperature sensor and the visual sensor jointly define a danger zone and collect information in real time, and the information collected by the visual sensor and the infrared temperature sensor in real time is processed by the central processing unit. If it is detected that the operator's hand enters the danger zone, the electrical signal is immediately transmitted to the electromagnetic brake to ensure the rapid braking of the double-layer fruit picking wheel, thereby playing a role in safety protection.

[0012] The present invention sets visual and infrared temperature measuring sensors at the peanut feeding port to achieve multi-level protection, which can effectively reduce the accident rate and protect the safety of operators. At the same time, it reduces the loss of production efficiency caused by unexpected downtime.

[0013] Preferably, handles are provided on both sides of the feeding port for easy carrying, and a plurality of foot pads are provided at the bottom of the frame for easy support.

[0014] The invention discloses a working method of a portable peanut safety picking, screening and harvesting integrated machine. An operator brings the picking machine to a harvesting site in a field by means of a handle, puts peanut vines in from above a feeding port, and threshes the peanut fruits through a double-layer fruit picking wheel mechanism. During the collection process, the peanut fruits are knocked down by high-speed wheel spokes, fall along a falling space, and flow out along a vibrating screen after impurities are screened out by a vibrating screen mechanism.

[0015] The light-weight structure of the fruit picking machine designed by the present invention can greatly reduce the volume and weight while maintaining high working efficiency, and can be carried around and operated at the production site, thereby increasing production benefits; the machine is small and portable, highly safe, and convenient to use at the harvest site, and has the functions of efficient fruit picking and soil screening, and can thresh crops through a double-layer fruit wheel mechanism that is light in weight, consumes little energy, and has a compact structure; soil and impurities are separated from peanut fruits through a vibrating screen mechanism; safety protection is achieved through a safety protection component; batteries or diesel engines can be used as power sources, and due to their light weight and small size, operators can carry the machine to the harvest site in the field for use, and avoid the potential safety hazards of electricity use at the harvest site, thereby improving the production benefits and safety of agricultural operations; the machine has a streamlined mechanical structure, low cost, and is easy to maintain and mass produce; the speed regulation of the drive motor and the vibration motor can be achieved on the control panel to meet the different needs of farmers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a side structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the double-layer fruit-taking wheel mechanism of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the vibrating screen mechanism in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the working state of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 It is a circuit block diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the portable peanut safety picking, screening and harvesting machine of the present invention includes: a handle 12, an inlet 14, an outlet 25, a baffle 13, a vibrating screen mechanism 200, a frame 10, a double-layer fruit picking wheel mechanism 100, a foot pad 11, an infrared temperature sensor 404, a visual sensor 403, a component box 401, and a battery box 402.

[0025] The present invention fixes a handle 12, a feed port 14, a discharge port 25, and a baffle 13 on the frame 10 by screw connection, and handles 12 are provided on both sides of the feed port for easy carrying; the feed port 14 is designed to be hourglass-shaped to introduce crops and isolate operators from the fruit picking wheel mechanism 100 to ensure the safety of the operators; baffles 13 are provided around the fruit picking mechanism 100, and a discharge port 25 is provided between the fruit picking wheel mechanism 100 and the vibrating screen mechanism 200 to ensure that the peanut fruits that have been knocked down can accurately fall onto the vibrating screen 203.

[0026] The double-layer fruit-picking wheel 105 designed by the present invention is composed of a spoke and a hub. The spoke is fixed on the hub by welding technology. The hub is connected to the transmission shaft 104 by interference fit to ensure that the transmission shaft 104 drives the double-layer fruit-picking wheel 105 to rotate; each spoke is wrapped with a plastic mold to ensure that the peanut fruit is not damaged during threshing. The present invention fixes the driving motor 101 on the frame 10 by screw connection, connects the driving motor 101 and the electromagnetic brake 102 by key connection, connects the driving motor 101 with the transmission shaft 104 by a coupling 103, and is equipped with a flat key to connect the transmission shaft 104 and the double-layer fruit-picking wheel 105 to ensure that the driving motor 101 can drive the transmission shaft 104 and the double-layer fruit-picking wheel 105 to rotate.

[0027] The vibrating screen mechanism 200 designed by the present invention is composed of a vibrating motor 205, a vibrating screen 203, a screen side baffle 204, and two groups of springs 201 and 202 with different strokes. Two groups of springs 201 and 202 with different strokes are used to ensure the inclination of the vibrating screen 203; the two groups of springs 201 and 202 are respectively fixed to the frame 10 by screws and connected to the bottom of the vibrating screen 203 and the screen side baffle 204, and the vibrating motor 205 is fixed to the bottom of the vibrating screen 203 by screws to drive the vibrating screen to vibrate and screen out impurities attached to the peanut fruit.

[0028] The present invention adopts storage batteries as power sources and arranges them in the battery box 402, and can also be used as diesel generators.

[0029] The safety protection module designed by the present invention is composed of a visual sensor 403, two infrared temperature sensors 404, an electromagnetic brake 102, and a central processing unit, wherein the two infrared temperature sensors 404 are respectively arranged at the two side walls of the feed port 14 by screw connection, the visual sensor 403 is arranged on the baffle 13 on the side of the double-layer fruit wheel mechanism 100 by screw connection, and the electromagnetic brake 102 is fixed on the shaft of the drive motor 101 by a set screw. The infrared temperature sensor 404 and the visual sensor 403 jointly define a dangerous area and collect information in real time. The information collected in real time by the visual sensor 403 and the infrared temperature sensor 404 is processed by the central processing unit. If it is detected that the operator's hand enters the dangerous area, an electrical signal is immediately transmitted to the electromagnetic brake 102 to ensure the rapid braking of the double-layer fruit wheel 105, which plays a role in safety protection.

[0030] The peanut safety picking, screening and harvesting integrated machine of the present invention has a compact structure, reduces the volume and mass while ensuring the integrity of the working area and maintaining the fruit picking efficiency. The entire safety protection module is composed of a central processing unit, a visual sensor 403, a temperature sensor 404 and an electromagnetic brake 102 to ensure the safety of the operation process.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] The first implementation case of the present invention is that the operator uses Figure 1 The peanut safety picking, screening and harvesting integrated machine shown. The operator brings the fruit picking machine to the harvesting site in the field by means of a handle, uses a battery or a diesel generator to provide a power source for the machine, presses the start button to turn on the machine, puts the harvested peanut vines from above the feed inlet 14, and threshes the peanut fruits through the double-layer fruit wheel mechanism 100. During the collection process, the peanut fruits are knocked down by the high-speed wheel spokes, fall along the falling space, and after the impurities are screened out by the vibrating screen mechanism 200, flow out along the screen 203 to the collection frame or collection bag.

[0033] Example 3

[0034] In the first implementation case of the mechanism of the present invention, the operator's hand did not enter the dangerous area, and the peanut safety picking, screening and harvesting integrated machine worked normally, completing the threshing and soil screening of the peanut vines. The operator inserted the root of the harvested peanut vine into the feed inlet 14, and the spokes evenly arranged on the hub of the double-layer fruit wheel mechanism 105 rotated and beat the root of the peanut vine to complete the threshing. The threshed peanut fruits fell from the fruit picking space and were led out from the discharge port 15 to the vibrating screen 203, and finally the vibrating screen mechanism 200 completed the peanut soil screening work.

[0035] Example 4

[0036] In the first implementation case of the mechanism of the present invention, the visual sensor 403 uses image processing technology to capture image information in the working area. Through image recognition technology, the difference between human hands and peanut vines can be clearly distinguished. The infrared temperature sensor 404 obtains the surface temperature of the target object by measuring the radiant heat of the object. The temperature of human hands is usually around 37°C, while the temperature of the crop peanuts is similar to the ambient temperature, which is usually lower than the temperature of human hands. Using this temperature difference, the infrared sensor can help determine whether the target object is a human hand. The combination of the two sensors can effectively define the danger zone, collect data in real time, and combine algorithms for rapid processing. When it is detected that the hand enters the danger zone, the central processing unit can respond quickly and energize the electromagnetic brake 102, and friction is generated between the brake pads of the electromagnetic brake 102 and the drive motor shaft, thereby immediately completing the braking of the drive motor and the double-layer fruit wheel mechanism 105.

[0037] The double-layer fruit picking wheel mechanism designed by the present invention adopts a driving motor to directly drive the transmission shaft and the double-layer fruit picking wheel to rotate, and the structure is compact to reduce the volume and weight of the fruit picking machine. Among them, the double-layer fruit picking wheel designed by the present invention is composed of a hub and spokes, has a simple structure, occupies a small space, and has a high fruit picking efficiency.

[0038] The invention designs a small-sized vibration screen mechanism with a compact structure, which enables the screen to vibrate through a vibration motor and two groups of springs with different strokes, thereby meeting the soil screening requirements for peanuts.

[0039] The present invention realizes the safety protection function through visual sensors and infrared temperature sensors. The visual sensor uses image processing technology to capture image information in the working area. Through image recognition technology, the difference between human hands and peanut vines can be clearly distinguished. The infrared temperature sensor obtains the surface temperature of the target object by measuring the radiant heat of the object. The temperature of human hands is usually around 37°C, while the temperature of the crop peanuts is similar to the ambient temperature, which is usually lower than the temperature of human hands. Using this temperature difference, the infrared sensor can help determine whether the target object is a human hand. The combination of the two sensors can effectively define the danger zone, collect data in real time, and combine with algorithms for rapid processing. When it is detected that the hand enters the danger zone, the system can respond quickly and automatically trigger the drive motor brake to brake the fruit picking device.

[0040] The invention isolates the fruit picking device (double-layer fruit picking wheel mechanism) through the outer shell, thereby preventing workers from inhaling dust impurities generated by fruit picking during the production process.

[0041] The present invention can use a battery or a diesel generator commonly used in rural areas as a power source, which is convenient for workers to use at the harvesting site and avoids the potential safety hazard of using direct current electricity at the harvesting site.

[0042] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A portable peanut safety picking and screening harvesting machine, characterized by: The invention comprises a frame (10), a feed inlet (14) installed on the top of the frame, a double-layered fruit-taking wheel mechanism (100) located below the feed inlet (14), a discharge port (25) located below the double-layered fruit-taking wheel mechanism (100), a vibrating screen mechanism (200) located below the discharge port (25), a component box (401) and a battery box (402) installed on the frame, and a safety protection component for ensuring the safety of the operation process, wherein the feed inlet (14) is designed to be hourglass-shaped to hold the crops The double-layered fruit-picking wheel mechanism (100) is introduced and isolated from the operating personnel to ensure the safety of the operating personnel; the double-layered fruit-picking wheel mechanism (100) is provided with baffles (13) around it, the inlet (14), the outlet (25) and the baffles (13) are fixed on the frame (10), and the outlet (25) is arranged between the double-layered fruit-picking wheel mechanism (100) and the vibrating screen mechanism (200) to ensure that the peanut fruits that have been knocked down can accurately fall onto the vibrating screen mechanism (200).

2. The portable peanut safety picking and screening harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The double-layered fruit-taking wheel mechanism (100) comprises a double-layered fruit-taking wheel (105) and a driving motor (101) for driving the double-layered fruit-taking wheel (105). The driving motor (101) is fixed to a frame (10) by means of screws, the driving motor (101) is connected to a transmission shaft (104) by means of a coupling (103), and a flat key is provided for connecting the transmission shaft (104) and the double-layered fruit-taking wheel (105) to ensure that the driving motor (101) can drive the transmission shaft (104) and the double-layered fruit-taking wheel (105) to rotate.

3. The portable peanut safety picking and screening harvesting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The double-layered fruit picking wheel (105) comprises a wheel hub and a plurality of spokes mounted on the wheel hub, wherein the spokes are fixed to the wheel hub by welding, and the wheel hub is connected to the transmission shaft (104) by interference fit, so as to ensure that the transmission shaft (104) drives the double-layered fruit picking wheel (105) to rotate; each spoke is wrapped with a plastic mold, so as to ensure that the peanut fruit is not damaged during threshing.

4. The portable peanut safety picking and screening harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibrating screen mechanism (200) comprises a vibrating motor (205), a vibrating screen (203), a screen side baffle (204), and two groups of springs A (201) and springs B (202) with different strokes. The two groups of springs with different strokes are used to ensure the inclination of the vibrating screen (203); the two groups of springs are respectively fixed to the frame (10) by screws and connected to the bottom of the vibrating screen (203) and the screen side baffle (204); the vibrating motor (205) is fixed to the bottom of the vibrating screen (203) by screws, driving the vibrating screen to vibrate and screen out impurities attached to the peanut fruit.

5. The portable peanut safety picking and screening harvesting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The safety protection component comprises a visual sensor (403), an electromagnetic brake (102), a central processing unit and two infrared temperature sensors (404), wherein the two infrared temperature sensors (404) are respectively arranged at the two side walls of the feed port (14) by screw connection, the visual sensor (403) is arranged on a baffle (13) on one side of the double-layer fruit-taking wheel mechanism (100) by screw connection, and the electromagnetic brake (102) is connected to the shaft of the drive motor (101) by a set screw; the infrared temperature sensor (404) and the visual sensor (403) jointly define a danger zone and collect information in real time, and the central processing unit processes the information collected in real time by the visual sensor (403) and the infrared temperature sensor (404), and if it is detected that an operator's hand enters the danger zone, an electrical signal is immediately transmitted to the electromagnetic brake (102) to ensure the rapid braking of the double-layer fruit-taking wheel (105), thereby playing a role in safety protection.

6. The portable peanut safety picking and screening harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Handles (12) are provided on both sides of the feed inlet for easy carrying, and a plurality of foot pads (11) are provided at the bottom of the frame for easy support.

7. A working method of the portable peanut safety picking, screening and harvesting machine as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The operator uses the handle to bring the fruit picker to the harvesting site in the field, puts the peanut vines in from above the feed inlet (14), and threshes the peanut fruits through the double-layer fruit picking wheel mechanism (100). During the collection process, the peanut fruits are knocked down by the high-speed wheel spokes, fall along the falling space, and flow out along the vibrating screen (203) after the impurities are screened out by the vibrating screen mechanism (200).

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