Method for cultivating edible mushrooms based on borneol type cinnamomum burmanni residues

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of edible mushroom cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for cultivating edible mushrooms based on borneol type cinnamomum burmanni residues. According to the cultivation mushroom stick and the edible mushroom cultivation method disclosed by the invention, the raw materials adopted by the cultivation mushroom stick are prepared by taking steam explosion pretreated plum chip residues, ball-milling modified bagasse, aged rice bran and rice straws as main materials and taking activated shell powder, cane sugar, lime, monopotassium phosphate and magnesium sulfate as auxiliary materials according to a proper proportion. Wherein the rice straw, the plum chip residues, the bagasse and the rice bran can provide structures and nutrients required by growth of the mushroom sticks, the shell powder, the monopotassium phosphate and other auxiliary materials can improve the mineral content of the substrate and optimize the cultivation conditions, and the sucrose can promote growth of mycelia. Through scientific proportioning of the formula, the mushroom stick formula can effectively shorten the culture time of edible mushrooms and improve the yield and the quality, so that the success rate and the economic benefit of edible mushroom culture are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of edible fungus cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for cultivating edible fungi based on borneol-type burmanii residues. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the improvement of people's demand for healthy diet and nutrition, the market demand for edible fungi has continued to grow, especially for common varieties such as white oyster mushroom, ganoderma lucidum, shiitake mushroom, and enoki mushroom. However, the cultivation of edible fungi is highly dependent on traditional cultivation raw materials, such as sawdust, corn cobs, and rice husks. However, the supply of these raw materials in nature is limited, and they are affected by regional and seasonal production, resulting in unstable sources of raw materials. In addition, with the increase in the frequency of mining and use of raw materials, the situation of supply and demand has further pushed up the cost of edible fungi production. The dual pressure of raw material shortage and rising costs has greatly restricted the development and sustainable development of the edible fungi industry, making it difficult to meet the growing market demand for edible fungi. To this end, how to find new and alternative cultivation materials to reduce production costs and promote the development of the edible fungi industry has become an important issue that needs to be solved to promote the rapid development of the edible fungi industry.

[0003] Cinnamomum burmanii is a common native tree species in southern my country, growing in warm, humid, loose and fertile environments such as Guangdong, Fujian, Guangxi and Yunnan. Cinnamomum burmanii leaves are rich in a variety of terpene compounds such as monoterpenes, diterpenes and sesquiterpenes. According to the types of terpenes with the highest content in the leaves, Cinnamomum burmanii is defined as borneol type, eucalyptol type and caryophyllene type. Among them, the monoterpene borneol, commonly known as borneol or borneol, is one of the precious southern medicines (2015 edition of the "Chinese Pharmacopoeia"), with antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-cancer effects. It is often added as a "medicine guide" in more than 60 traditional Chinese medicines such as Compound Danshen Dripping Pills and Suxiao Jiuxin Pills. However, a large amount of slag from stalks after essential oil extraction is often not effectively utilized, resulting in a waste of resources. If it can be used to cultivate edible fungi, it will surely promote its recycling and will help solve the problem of shortage of traditional cultivation materials. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a method for cultivating edible fungi based on borneol-type Cinnamomum burmannii residue, which combines various raw materials such as plum leaf residue, ball-milled modified sugarcane bagasse, etc., and significantly improves the growth rate of mycelium and the yield of edible fungi through scientific proportioning and optimized preparation process. The formula utilizes plum leaf residue and modified sugarcane bagasse after essential oil extraction, overcomes the problem of insufficient traditional cultivation materials, shortens the culture cycle to 18-20 days, and enhances the water retention and nutrient supply of the substrate, which is suitable for large-scale industrial production and has a wide range of application value.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] The first aspect of the present invention provides a formula of edible mushroom sticks based on borneol-type burdock residues, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0007] 95-205 parts of rice straw, 450-800 parts of steam-exploded pretreated bagasse, 450-550 parts of ball-milled modified bagasse, 50-310 parts of aged rice bran, 24-26 parts of molasses activated shell powder, 8-10 parts of sucrose, 8-10 parts of lime, 1-2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-2 parts of magnesium sulfate, and 65-70% of water.

[0008] The edible mushroom stick formula of the present invention is prepared with steam explosion pre-treated plum leaf residue, ball milled modified sugarcane bagasse, aged rice bran, and rice straw as main materials, and activated shell powder, sucrose, lime, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and magnesium sulfate as auxiliary materials, and is prepared in appropriate proportions. Among them, rice straw, plum leaf residue, sugarcane bagasse, and rice bran can provide the structure and nutrients required for growth for the mushroom stick, and auxiliary materials such as shell powder and potassium dihydrogen phosphate can increase the mineral content of the matrix and optimize the cultivation conditions, and sucrose promotes the growth of mycelium. Through the scientific proportion of the above formula, the mushroom stick formula of the present invention can effectively shorten the cultivation time of edible mushrooms, improve yield and quality, thereby improving the success rate and economic benefits of edible mushroom cultivation.

[0009] Preferably, the preparation method of the steam explosion pretreated plum leaf residue is: using borneol-type burmanii as raw material, first subjecting it to a high pressure and high temperature treatment at 100-500°C to prepare a de-aromatized plum leaf residue, then drying the de-aromatized plum leaf residue at 100-200°C, and fully crushing it, and then passing it through a 50-200 mesh sieve to obtain the steam explosion pretreated plum leaf residue.

[0010] Preferably, the preparation method of the ball-milled modified bagasse is: ball-milling the bagasse for 5-30 minutes at a ball-to-material ratio of 5-20:1 and a ball-milling speed of 2000-8000 rpm.

[0011] Preferably, the method for preparing the aged rice bran is as follows: after passing the rice bran through 50-200 meshes, 2-20 billion EM bacteria and Bacillus mixed inoculum per kilogram of rice bran are added and fermented in a standard greenhouse for 5-7 days.

[0012] Preferably, the preparation method of the activated shell powder is: first add 2-5 parts of molasses to 50-100 parts of shell powder, react at 60-70°C for a period of time, then add 0.4-0.7 parts of hydrochloric acid to the reaction system, react at 30-60°C for 1-2h, and collect the solid after the reaction to obtain the activated shell powder.

[0013] Preferably, the aged rice bran, molasses-activated shell powder and sucrose are free of mold and mildew, have a water content of 8-12%, the particle size of the aged rice bran is 0.5-1 mm, and the molasses-activated shell powder and sucrose are both in powder form.

[0014] Preferably, the rice straw is free of mildew, has a moisture content of 60-70%, is saw-like, 1.0-3.0 cm long, and 0.3-0.5 cm wide.

[0015] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the edible mushroom stick formula based on borneol-type Cinnamomum burmanii residues according to the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1, stirring: after accurately weighing the main material and auxiliary material according to the formula ratio, first according to the total raw material mass: water = 3-5:7-10 material-water ratio, the main material rice straw, steam explosion pretreated plum leaf residue, ball milled modified sugarcane bagasse, aged rice bran and activated shell powder are mixed, and repeatedly stirred for use; in addition, other auxiliary materials sucrose, lime, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate are dissolved in water in turn to obtain a mixed auxiliary material aqueous solution after being fully dissolved, and finally the main material and the mixed auxiliary material aqueous solution are stirred evenly, kneaded into a ball by hand, and it is suitable to be loose when gently placed, that is, a culture material with a pH of 6-6.5 is obtained;

[0017] S2, bagging: the culture medium obtained in step S1 is placed in a high-pressure high-density polyethylene bag, and a punching rod is inserted into one end of the bag. The material must be packed tightly so that no finger marks are left when the bag is lightly held by hand, and the sterilized bacteria sticks are obtained;

[0018] S3. Sterilization: The bacteria sticks must be sterilized on the same day by high pressure steam sterilization at 120-121°C and 0.1-0.13Mpa for 3-4 hours;

[0019] S4, cooling: the sterilized bacteria stick cultivation bag obtained in step S3 is promptly transferred to the forced exhaust cooling room, and the cultivation bag can be inoculated when it drops to room temperature;

[0020] S5. Inoculation: The inoculation must be completed within 24 hours and carried out in an inoculation box or a clean bench. The inoculation method is to first wipe the hands and inoculation tweezers with disinfectant alcohol, take out the punching stick at the inoculation end of the mushroom stick, use tweezers to insert the solid edible fungus into the hole, fill the entire hole, and finally seal it with a sterilized sealing film;

[0021] S6. Spawning and culturing: the inoculated cultivation bag is moved into the culture room for culturing and culturing. The temperature during the culturing period is controlled at 24-26°C, the humidity is controlled at 85%-95%, and the culturing is carried out in a dark environment. The ventilating time is 30-60 minutes per day. After 6-7 days of inoculation, the germination and contamination of the strains are checked, and the ungerminated and contaminated mushroom sticks are cleaned up in time. The whole culturing process takes 18-20 days. When the mycelium is fully grown, the edible mushroom sticks to be cultivated can be obtained.

[0022] S7. Harvesting: Use a knife to cut off the mycelium from the bottom of the stipe. Do not pull directly to damage the mycelium. After picking, peel off the stipe and gently rotate until the cap and stipe fall off. Place the stipe and cap separately.

[0023] Preferably, the punching rod described in S2 has a diameter of 1.8-2.2 cm, a length of 14-16 cm, a hole at the tip, and is filled with non-absorbent cotton.

[0024] Preferably, the sealing film in S5 is a high temperature resistant tissue culture sealing film.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The culture medium used in the mushroom stick cultivation formula and the method for cultivating edible fungi provided by the present invention is mainly made of steam-exploded pre-treated plum bagasse and ball-milled modified sugarcane bagasse, and is supplemented with aged rice bran, activated shell powder, etc. The modification effects of each component are as follows:

[0027] Through high-temperature and high-pressure steam explosion, the antibacterial components (such as borneol-type cinnamon essential oil) in the plum leaf residue are effectively removed, and the fiber structure is partially deconstructed, making it looser and increasing the porosity, significantly improving the air permeability and water retention of the matrix. This structural change not only improves the ability to retain water and nutrients, but also provides an ideal microenvironment for the rapid expansion of mycelium. In addition, the nutrients in the residue after steam explosion are easier for mycelium to absorb, thereby accelerating the germination and growth of mycelium and shortening the culture cycle. For edible fungus cultivation, the plum leaf residue after steam explosion provides an excellent matrix environment, which can not only promote the healthy growth of mycelium, but also improve the cultivation efficiency and yield. At the same time, it is environmentally friendly and sustainable, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production of edible fungi.

[0028] After the bagasse is treated with ball milling under high-speed shear force, the fiber structure of the bagasse is refined, the particles become more uniform, and the specific surface area is greatly increased. This modification improves the water absorption and air permeability of the bagasse, so that it can better retain moisture when used as a cultivation substrate for edible fungi, thereby providing a moist environment required for the growth of mycelium. In addition, ball milling also improves the nutrient accessibility of the bagasse, making it easier for the mycelium to absorb the organic matter and trace elements therein. Therefore, the use of bagasse after ball milling as a substrate can promote the rapid growth of mycelium, shorten the cultivation cycle, increase the yield and quality of edible fungi, and at the same time enhance the stability and sustainability of the substrate, providing a high-quality choice for large-scale production.

[0029] After long-term storage and fermentation, the nutrients of aged rice bran are more stable, especially the decomposition products of protein and fat are easily absorbed and utilized by edible fungi. Through fermentation, the organic matter in aged rice bran is transformed, enriched with amino acids, vitamins and trace elements, and its fertilizer efficiency is improved. At the same time, fermented rice bran has good water absorption and air permeability, which helps to provide sufficient water and oxygen for mycelium. These characteristics make aged rice bran a high-quality nutrient source for cultivating edible fungi, promoting rapid growth of mycelium, increasing yield and improving the quality of edible fungi. In addition, the rice bran fermentation process can also inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria and reduce the risk of pollution during cultivation.

[0030] The addition of molasses promotes the activity of microorganisms and increases the organic matter content in shell powder. The acid treatment further activates the calcium in the shell powder, improving its solubility and availability in the matrix. This process not only improves the pH adjustment ability of shell powder, but also increases its efficiency in providing calcium, magnesium and other minerals. When used for cultivating edible fungi, activated shell powder can effectively improve the acid-base balance of the matrix, optimize the growth environment of mycelium, and enhance the mineral supply of the matrix, promote the healthy development of mycelium and the high-quality growth of edible fungi, and improve yield and quality. In addition, the calcium ions in shell powder can also enhance the structural stability of mycelium, further improving the cultivation effect.

[0031] In summary, the formula and method for cultivating edible fungi based on plum leaf residue provided by the present invention realizes the efficient utilization of forestry and agricultural wastes, reduces the dependence on traditional cultivation materials, and reduces production costs by using plum leaf residue after essential oil extraction, ball-milled modified sugarcane bagasse, and aged rice bran; the addition of acid and molasses activated shell powder enhances the mineral supply and pH adjustment ability of the matrix, ensures that the mycelium obtains a stable growth environment, and further improves the yield and quality of edible fungi. At the same time, a standardized process flow for cultivating edible fungi using this method is also provided, making the method suitable for large-scale industrial production, having significant economic benefits, and being able to promote the high-quality development of the edible fungi industry. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described below. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in each embodiment of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0033] The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the experimental materials used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] This embodiment provides a formula for cultivating mushroom sticks for edible fungi, which includes the following raw materials by weight:

[0036] 95-205 parts of rice straw, 450-800 parts of steam-exploded pretreated bagasse, 450-550 parts of ball-milled modified bagasse, 50-310 parts of aged rice bran, 24-26 parts of activated shell powder, 8-10 parts of sucrose, 8-10 parts of lime, 1-2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-2 parts of magnesium sulfate, and 65-70% of water (total raw material mass + water = 100%). The rice bran, shell powder, and sucrose are free of mold and have a water content of 8-12%. The particle size of the rice bran is 0.5-1 mm, and the shell powder and sucrose are both in powder form. The rice straw is free of mold and has a water content of 60-70%, is saw-like, 1.0-3.0 cm long, and 0.3-0.5 cm wide.

[0037] The preparation method of steam explosion pretreated plum leaf residue is as follows: using borneol-type burman wood as raw material, firstly subjecting it to 300°C high pressure and high temperature treatment to prepare de-aromatized plum leaf residue, then drying the de-aromatized plum leaf residue at 150°C, fully crushing it, and then sifting it through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain steam explosion pretreated plum leaf residue.

[0038] The preparation method of the ball-milled modified bagasse is as follows: ball-milling the bagasse for 20 minutes at a ball-to-material ratio of 10:1 and a ball-milling speed of 5000 rpm.

[0039] The method for preparing aged rice bran is as follows: after the rice bran is passed through 100 meshes, 10 billion mixed bacteria (a mixed bacterial agent of EM bacteria and Bacillus) is added per kilogram of rice bran and fermented at standard room temperature for 6 days. The mixed bacterial agent of EM bacteria and Bacillus is purchased from Ai Mu Le Environmental Protection Biotechnology (Nanjing) Co., Ltd.

[0040] The preparation method of the activated shell powder is as follows: first, 4 parts of molasses are added to 80 parts of shell powder, and the mixture is reacted at 65° C. for 1 hour. Then, 0.5 parts of hydrochloric acid are added to the reaction system, and the mixture is reacted at 50° C. for 1 hour. After the reaction, the solid is collected to obtain the activated shell powder.

[0041] The preparation method of the culture mushroom stick comprises the following steps:

[0042] (1) Stirring: After accurately weighing the main material and auxiliary material according to the formula ratio, firstly, according to the total raw material mass: water = 3:7, the main material rice straw, steam explosion pre-treated plum leaf residue, ball milled modified sugarcane bagasse, aged rice bran and activated shell powder are mixed, and repeatedly stirred for uniform use; in addition, other auxiliary materials sucrose, lime, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate are dissolved in water in turn, and after being fully dissolved, a mixed auxiliary material aqueous solution is obtained. Finally, the main material and the mixed auxiliary material aqueous solution are stirred evenly, and a ball is kneaded by hand, and it is suitable to fall apart when lightly placed, so as to obtain a culture medium (pH 6-6.5).

[0043] (2) Bag filling: The culture medium obtained in step (1) is packed into a high-pressure high-density polyethylene bag (a high-pressure high-density polyethylene bag with a size of 160 cm × 35 cm × 0.65 cc and a weight after bagging of 1 ± 0.05 kg). A punching rod (with a diameter of 1.8-2.2 cm and a length of 14-16 cm, with a hole at the tip filled with non-absorbent cotton) is inserted into one end of the bag. The material must be packed tightly so that there is no finger impression when it is lightly held by hand. The sterilized culture sticks are obtained.

[0044] (3) Sterilization: It needs to be sterilized on the same day using high pressure steam sterilization at 120-121°C and 0.1-0.13Mpa for 3-4 hours.

[0045] (4) Cooling: The sterilized bacteria stick cultivation bag obtained in step (3) is promptly transferred to a forced exhaust cooling room, and inoculation can be performed when the cultivation bag cools to room temperature.

[0046] (5) Inoculation: Inoculation must be completed within 24 hours and should be carried out in an inoculation box or clean bench. The inoculation method is to first wipe hands and inoculation tweezers with disinfectant alcohol, remove the punching stick at the inoculation end of the mushroom stick, and use tweezers to connect the solid edible fungi (such as white oyster mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum, etc., purchased from the National Engineering Research Center for Edible Fungi) into the hole until the entire hole is filled. Finally, use a sterilized 12×12 cm high temperature resistant tissue culture sealing film to seal the hole.

[0047] (6) Spawning and culturing: The inoculated cultivation bag is moved into the culture room for culturing and culturing. The temperature during the culturing period is controlled at 24-26°C and kept dry (humidity 85%-95% is sufficient). The culturing is carried out in a light-proof environment and ventilated for 30-60 minutes every day. After 6-7 days of inoculation, the germination and contamination of the strains are checked and the ungerminated and contaminated mushroom sticks are cleaned up in time. The whole culturing process takes 18-20 days. When the mycelium is fully grown, the edible mushroom sticks to be cultivated can be obtained.

[0048] (7) Harvesting: Use a knife to cut off the mycelium from the bottom of the stipe. Do not pull the mycelium directly to damage it. After picking, peel off the stipe and gently rotate it until the cap and stipe fall off. Place the stipe and cap separately.

[0049] Taking white oyster mushroom as an example, the effect of cultivating edible mushrooms (cultivation conditions are soilless, humidity 80%, temperature 25%) using the cultivation mushroom stick formula of this embodiment is shown in detail:

[0050] As shown in Table 1, the yield of the first batch of Pleurotus ostreatus is higher than that of the existing white Pleurotus ostreatus formula (Chu Xiaozhen et al. 2024) when the edible mushrooms are cultivated using the cultivation mushroom formula and the mushroom sticks prepared by the method of the present invention. Moreover, compared with the traditional white Pleurotus ostreatus formula, the time is shortened by 40%.

[0051] Table 1 Comparison of the first crop output of the Pleurotus ostreatus culture medium of the present invention and the existing Pleurotus ostreatus culture medium

[0052]

[0053]

[0054] Note: Chu Xiaozhen, Liu Xuan, Gong Pan, Liu Ge, Wang Baorui, Gao Xiang (2024): Effects of different substrates on the growth, development, nutritional components and mineral content of Pleurotus ostreatus. Chinese Vegetables 37, 90-95.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] This embodiment provides a mushroom stick formula for cultivating edible fungi, and the formula and preparation method of the mushroom stick are the same as those in Example 1.

[0057] Taking Ganoderma lucidum as an example, the effect of cultivating edible fungi using the cultivation mushroom stick formula of this embodiment (cultivation conditions are soilless, humidity 80%, temperature 25%) is shown in detail:

[0058] As shown in Table 1, the yield of the first batch of Ganoderma lucidum obtained by using the cultivation mushroom stick formula and the method of the present invention for edible mushroom cultivation is higher than that of the existing Ganoderma lucidum mushroom stick formula (Shu Tinghui, 2023). Moreover, compared with the traditional Ganoderma lucidum mushroom stick formula, the time is shortened by 24.4%.

[0059] Table 2 Comparison of the first crop output of the Ganoderma lucidum culture medium of the present invention and the existing Ganoderma lucidum culture medium

[0060]

[0061]

[0062] Note: Shu Tinghui (2023): Effects of different cultivation raw materials on the growth and nutritional quality of Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body. Special Economic Plants and Animals 26, 39-41.

[0063] In summary, the edible mushroom stick formula and preparation method provided by the present invention, by rationally utilizing the slag of plum leaves after extraction of borneol-type yin-xiang essential oil as part of the cultivation matrix, not only overcomes the problem of traditional antibacterial of slag of plum leaves, but also gives full play to its unique fiber structure and nutritional value. With the rational combination of other cultivation ingredients, this new matrix can significantly accelerate the growth of white oyster mushroom and ganoderma lucidum mycelium, and greatly shorten the cultivation cycle. At the same time, this cultivation method also effectively increases the cultivation yield of edible mushrooms, providing a more efficient solution for industrial production.

[0064] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of these embodiments are made without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A formula for edible mushroom sticks based on borneol-type Cinnamomum burmanii residues, characterized in that: By weight, it includes the following raw materials: 95-205 parts of rice straw, 450-800 parts of steam-exploded pretreated bagasse, 450-550 parts of ball-milled modified bagasse, 50-310 parts of aged rice bran, 24-26 parts of molasses activated shell powder, 8-10 parts of sucrose, 8-10 parts of lime, 1-2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-2 parts of magnesium sulfate, and 65-70% of water.

2. The edible mushroom stick formula based on borneol-type Cinnamomum burmanii residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the steam explosion pretreated plum leaf residue is as follows: using borneol-type burman wood as raw material, firstly subjecting it to high pressure and high temperature treatment at 100-500° C. to prepare de-aromatized plum leaf residue, then drying the de-aromatized plum leaf residue at 100-200° C., fully crushing it, and then sieving it through a 50-200 mesh sieve to obtain steam explosion pre-treated plum leaf residue.

3. The edible mushroom stick formula based on borneol-type Cinnamomum burmanii residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the ball-milled modified bagasse comprises: ball-milling the bagasse for 5-30 minutes at a ball-to-material ratio of 5-20:1 and a ball-milling speed of 2000-8000 rpm.

4. The edible mushroom stick formula based on borneol-type Cinnamomum burmanii residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for preparing aged rice bran comprises: filtering the rice bran through 50-200 meshes, adding 2-20 billion EM bacteria and Bacillus mixed bacterial agents per kilogram of rice bran, and fermenting the mixture in a standard greenhouse for 5-7 days.

5. The edible mushroom stick formula based on borneol-type Cinnamomum burmanii residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the activated shell powder is as follows: first, add 2-5 parts of molasses to 50-100 parts of shell powder, react at 60-70° C. for a period of time, then add 0.4-0.7 parts of hydrochloric acid to the reaction system, react at 30-60° C. for 1-2 hours, and collect the solid after the reaction to obtain the activated shell powder.

6. The edible mushroom stick formula based on borneol-type Cinnamomum burmanii residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aged rice bran, molasses activated shell powder and sucrose are free of mildew and have a water content of 8-12%. The particle size of the aged rice bran is 0.5-1mm, and the molasses activated shell powder and sucrose are both in powder form.

7. The edible mushroom stick formula based on borneol-type Cinnamomum burmanii residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rice straw is mildew-free, has a water content of 60-70%, is saw-like, 1.0-3.0 cm long, and 0.3-0.5 cm wide.

8. The method for preparing the edible mushroom stick formula based on borneol-type Cinnamomum burmanii residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, stirring: after accurately weighing the main material and auxiliary material according to the formula ratio, first according to the total raw material mass: water = 3-5:7-10 material-water ratio, the main material rice straw, steam explosion pretreated plum leaf residue, ball milled modified sugarcane bagasse, aged rice bran and activated shell powder are mixed, and repeatedly stirred for use; in addition, other auxiliary materials sucrose, lime, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate are dissolved in water in turn to obtain a mixed auxiliary material aqueous solution after being fully dissolved, and finally the main material and the mixed auxiliary material aqueous solution are stirred evenly, kneaded into a ball by hand, and it is suitable to be loose when gently placed, that is, a culture material with a pH of 6-6.5 is obtained; S2, bagging: the culture medium obtained in step S1 is placed in a high-pressure high-density polyethylene bag, and a punching rod is inserted into one end of the bag. The material must be packed tightly so that no finger marks are left when the bag is lightly held by hand, and the sterilized bacteria sticks are obtained; S3. Sterilization: The bacteria sticks must be sterilized on the same day by high pressure steam sterilization at 120-121°C and 0.1-0.13Mpa for 3-4 hours; S4, cooling: the sterilized bacteria stick cultivation bag obtained in step S3 is promptly transferred to the forced exhaust cooling room, and the cultivation bag can be inoculated when it drops to room temperature; S5. Inoculation: The inoculation must be completed within 24 hours and carried out in an inoculation box or a clean bench. The inoculation method is to first wipe the hands and inoculation tweezers with disinfectant alcohol, take out the punching stick at the inoculation end of the mushroom stick, use tweezers to insert the solid edible fungus into the hole, fill the entire hole, and finally seal it with a sterilized sealing film; S6. Spawning and culturing: the inoculated cultivation bag is moved into the culture room for culturing and culturing. The temperature during the culturing period is controlled at 24-26°C, the humidity is controlled at 85%-95%, and the culturing is carried out in a dark environment. The ventilating time is 30-60 minutes per day. After 6-7 days of inoculation, the germination and contamination of the strains are checked, and the ungerminated and contaminated mushroom sticks are cleaned up in time. The whole culturing process takes 18-20 days. When the mycelium is fully grown, the edible mushroom sticks to be cultivated can be obtained. S7. Harvesting: Use a knife to cut off the mycelium from the bottom of the stipe. Do not pull directly to damage the mycelium. After picking, peel off the stipe and gently rotate until the cap and stipe fall off. Place the stipe and cap separately.

9. The method for preparing the edible mushroom stick formula based on borneol-type Cinnamomum burmanii residue according to claim 8, characterized in that: The punching rod described in S2 has a diameter of 1.8-2.2 cm and a length of 14-16 cm, with a hole at the tip filled with non-absorbent cotton.

10. The method for preparing the edible mushroom stick formula based on borneol-type Cinnamomum burmanii residue according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sealing film described in S5 is a high temperature resistant tissue culture sealing film.

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