Efficient machining equipment for magnesium alloy and machining method of efficient machining equipment

Abstract

The efficient machining equipment comprises a pair of forming dies, the two forming dies are each provided with two pairs of die fastening bolt openings, the two forming dies are fixedly connected through the two pairs of die fastening bolt openings, forming channels are formed in the forming dies, and the forming channels are communicated with the die fastening bolt openings. The forming channel sequentially comprises a feeding port, an asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation area, an expansion deformation area, an asymmetric shear coupling reducing deformation area, an extrusion ratio deformation area and a discharging port from top to bottom, a pressing head is arranged at the top end of the feeding port, and the outer edge of the pressing head is attached to the inner wall of the feeding port. The equipment is used for magnesium alloy machining, shear expansion shear diameter extrusion deformation of materials can be achieved after single-pass machining, the machining efficiency is greatly improved while the machining cost is reduced, meanwhile, by means of the machining method, high equivalent strain can be accumulated, dynamic recrystallization can be better induced, and the machining quality is improved. The performance of the magnesium alloy is finally improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of alloy processing, and more specifically, to a high-efficiency processing device for magnesium alloy and a processing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Magnesium alloy is the lightest metal composite material currently used in industry, with advantages such as high specific strength, high specific modulus, high damping, excellent electromagnetic shielding and cutting performance, easy recycling and abundant resources. The development of manufacturing technology for high-performance magnesium alloy is of great significance to the expansion and application of 3C electronic products, aerospace, automotive parts and military industries.

[0003] Large plastic extrusion deformation technology is the process with the most significant optimization effect at present. The most advanced technologies include: rectangular vortex extrusion, alternating extrusion, asymmetric extrusion chamber cyclic expansion extrusion, static pressure tube cyclic expansion extrusion, turning bearing extrusion, etc.

[0004] However, the existing extrusion molding methods generally have the disadvantage of requiring repeated multiple extrusions, resulting in low processing efficiency, time-consuming processing, and high processing costs. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a high-efficiency processing device for magnesium alloy and a processing method thereof, so as to solve the problem that the extrusion molding method in the prior art generally needs repeated multi-pass extrusion, resulting in low processing efficiency, time-consuming processing and high processing cost.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] It comprises a pair of forming dies, each of which is provided with two pairs of die fastening bolt openings, and the two forming dies are fixedly connected by the two pairs of die fastening bolt openings, and a forming channel is provided in the forming dies, and the forming channel comprises a feed port, an asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone, an expansion deformation zone, an asymmetric shear coupling diameter reduction deformation zone, an extrusion ratio deformation zone and a discharge port in sequence from top to bottom, and a discharge channel is provided at the bottom of the discharge port, and the discharge channel is divided into two sections, including a first section directly connected to the discharge port and a second section connected subsequently, the first section of the discharge channel is equal to the inner diameter of the discharge port, the length of the first section of the discharge channel is 3mm-7mm, the ratio of the inner diameter of the second section of the discharge channel to the inner diameter of the discharge port is 10:8, and a pressure head is provided at the top of the feed port, and the outer edge of the pressure head is in contact with the inner wall of the feed port.

[0008] Preferably, the top diameter size of the asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone is D1, the bottom diameter size of the asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone is D2, the longitudinal span of the asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone is L1, the D1 value is 20-40mm, the D2 value is 30-52mm, the L1 value is 5-8mm, and the D2 value is at least 15% greater than the D1 value.

[0009] Preferably, the diameters of the top and bottom of the expansion deformation zone are both D2, the longitudinal span of the expansion deformation zone is L2, the value of L2 is 3-5 mm, and the value of L1 is greater than L2.

[0010] Preferably, the top diameter size of the asymmetric shear coupling diameter reducing deformation zone is D2, and the longitudinal span of the asymmetric shear coupling diameter reducing deformation zone is L1.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom diameter of the extrusion ratio deformation zone is D3, the top diameter of the extrusion ratio deformation zone is equal to the bottom diameter of the asymmetric shear coupling diameter reduction deformation zone, the longitudinal span of the extrusion ratio deformation zone is L3, the D3 value range is 6-10mm, the L3 value range is 8-13mm, and the offset distance d between the bottom axis of the extrusion ratio deformation zone and the top axis of the asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone is in the range of 3-5mm.

[0012] Preferably, the feed port and the discharge port are both cylindrical, the angles between the feed port and both sides of the asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone are ψ1 and ψ2 respectively, and the transition area between the two asymmetric curved surfaces is chamfered.

[0013] Preferably, the angles between the inclined surfaces on both sides of the asymmetric shear coupling diameter reducing deformation zone and the vertical direction are ψ1 and ψ2 respectively, and the side with the inclined surface angle ψ1 of the asymmetric shear coupling diameter reducing deformation zone is staggered with the side with the inclined surface angle ψ1 of the asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone.

[0014] Preferably, a method for using an efficient processing device for magnesium alloys is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0015] S1: Assemble the two forming dies through the die fastening bolt ports, and place the raw material to be extruded into the feed port;

[0016] S2: Predict the length and volume of the processed bar material, select a pressure head of appropriate length, adjust the pressure head to the top of the feed port, and then move the pressure head downward in the vertical direction to squeeze the raw material to be extruded downward;

[0017] S3: Under the influence of the work done by the press, the pressure head pushes the material downward, and the entire extrusion process needs to maintain a uniform extrusion speed.

[0018] S4: When the bottom end of the ram is 2-4mm away from the top plane of the asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone, the top end of the mold contacts the ram limiting structure, ending the extrusion process. After the extruded raw material is completely discharged from the discharge channel at the bottom of the discharge port, the two forming molds are split and the ram is reset, completing one magnesium alloy processing.

[0019] The principle and beneficial effects of this technical solution:

[0020] (1) When the magnesium alloy is processed by the present invention, the material is pressed down, and the material will first couple and expand in the asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone, the expansion deformation zone, and the asymmetric shear coupling diameter reduction deformation zone, and the above-mentioned areas are filled through extrusion expansion. After the expansion is completed, the material continues to be extruded downward. Due to the flow velocity difference formed by the internal structure of the mold, the shear deformation is completed, and the grains of the magnesium alloy are effectively refined through extrusion and shear plastic forming; then it enters the extrusion ratio deformation zone downward, and the magnesium alloy grains are further refined to form a second phase. Through shear expansion shear diameter extrusion deformation, a higher equivalent strain can be accumulated, dynamic recrystallization can be better induced, and the performance of the magnesium alloy can be finally improved.

[0021] (2) Taking AZ31 magnesium alloy as an example, after single-pass processing with a spatially symmetrical shear expansion rotary extrusion integrated forming die, the TUS (ultimate tensile strength) is increased by 12-20%, and the elongation is increased to 16-18%. It reaches the level of first-class multi-pass extrusion dies at home and abroad; compared with other high-performance processing extrusion processes on the market (more than 90% are multi-pass extrusion), the processing efficiency is at least 4 times higher. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mold in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the distance dimension of the forming area in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the angle dimensions of the processing area in the present invention;

[0025] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: 1. mold fastening bolt mouth; 2. forming mold; 3. asymmetric shear coupling diameter reduction deformation zone; 4. discharge port; 5. feed port; 6. asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone; 7. expansion deformation zone; 8. extrusion ratio deformation zone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0027] Example:

[0028] like Figure 1As shown, it includes a pair of forming dies 2, two pairs of die fastening bolt openings 1 are provided on the two forming dies 2, the two forming dies are fixedly connected by the two pairs of die fastening bolt openings 1, a forming channel is provided in the forming die 2, and the forming channel includes a feed port 5, an asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone 6, an expansion deformation zone 7, an asymmetric shear coupling diameter reduction deformation zone 3, an extrusion ratio deformation zone 8 and a discharge port 4 from top to bottom, a discharge channel is provided at the bottom end of the discharge port 4, and the discharge channel is divided into two sections, including a first section directly connected to the discharge port and a second section connected subsequently, the first section of the discharge channel is equal to the inner diameter of the discharge port, the length of the first section of the discharge channel is 3mm-7mm, the ratio of the inner diameter of the second section of the discharge channel to the inner diameter of the discharge port 4 is 10:8, a pressure head is provided at the top of the feed port 5, and the outer edge of the pressure head is in contact with the inner wall of the feed port 5.

[0029] The discharge channel and the discharge port maintain the same diameter at a certain distance, which can reduce the risk of bending and deviation of the discharge material; the discharge channel is designed to be larger than the discharge port, which can reduce the friction of the discharge material, reduce the internal stress of the discharge material, and facilitate smooth discharge.

[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the top diameter size of the asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone 6 is D1, the bottom diameter size of the asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone 6 is D2, the longitudinal span of the asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone 6 is L1, D1 is 20-40mm, D2 is 30-52mm, L1 is 5-8mm, and D2 is at least 15% greater than D1.

[0031] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the diameters of the top and bottom of the expansion and deformation zone 7 are both D2, the longitudinal span of the expansion and deformation zone 7 is L2, the value of L2 is 3-5 mm, and the value of L1 is greater than L2.

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the top diameter size of the asymmetric shear coupling diameter reduction deformation zone 3 is D2, and the longitudinal span of the asymmetric shear coupling diameter reduction deformation zone 3 is L1.

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the bottom diameter of the extrusion ratio deformation zone 8 is D3, the top diameter of the extrusion ratio deformation zone 8 is equal to the bottom diameter of the asymmetric shear coupling reducing deformation zone 3, the longitudinal span of the extrusion ratio deformation zone 8 is L3, the D3 value range is 6-10mm, the L3 value range is 8-13mm, and the offset distance d between the bottom axis of the extrusion ratio deformation zone 8 and the top axis of the asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone 6 is in the range of 3-5mm.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the feed port 5 and the discharge port 4 are both cylindrical, and the angles between the feed port 5 and the two sides of the asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone 6 are ψ1 and ψ2 respectively, and the transition area between the two asymmetric curved surfaces is chamfered.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the angles between the inclined surfaces on both sides of the asymmetric shear coupling diameter reduction deformation zone 3 and the vertical direction are ψ1 and ψ2 respectively, and the side of the asymmetric shear coupling diameter reduction deformation zone 3 with the inclined surface angle ψ1 is alternately arranged with the side of the asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone 6 with the inclined surface angle ψ1.

[0036] When the magnesium alloy is processed by the present invention, the material is pressed down, and the material will first contact the right side of the asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone 6, the expansion deformation zone 7, and the asymmetric shear coupling diameter reduction deformation zone 3. The material first contacts the right side of the asymmetric shear coupling diameter reduction deformation zone 3, and is bent horizontally in one direction due to the shape of the mold until the entire asymmetric shear coupling diameter reduction deformation zone 3 is filled. As the downward pressure continues, since the extrusion ratio deformation zone 8 in the lower area is a shear diameter structure, under the influence of the reaction force and friction force, the material will first reverse to the asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone 6 and the expansion deformation zone 7 for coupling expansion, and fill the above three areas through extrusion expansion. After the expansion is completed, the material continues to be extruded downward. Due to the internal structure of the mold and the eccentric distance between the feed port 5 and the asymmetric shear coupling diameter reduction deformation zone 3 and the extrusion ratio deformation zone 8, a flow rate difference is formed, and shear deformation is completed in the above three areas.

[0037] The grains of magnesium alloy are plastically formed through expansion deformation and shear deformation, and the grains are effectively refined; then they enter the shear-diameter extrusion ratio deformation zone downward, further refining the magnesium alloy grains and forming a second phase. Through shear expansion and shear-diameter extrusion deformation, higher equivalent strain can be accumulated, dynamic recrystallization can be better induced, and the performance of magnesium alloy can be finally improved.

[0038] The specific usage and function of this embodiment are as follows:

[0039] S1: Assemble two forming dies 2 through the die fastening bolt port 1, and place the raw material to be extruded into the feed port 5;

[0040] S2: predict the length and volume of the processed discharge bar, select a pressure head of appropriate length, adjust the pressure head to be just above the feed port 5, and then move the pressure head downward in the vertical direction so that the pressure head presses the raw material to be extruded downward;

[0041] S3: Under the influence of the work done by the press, the pressure head pushes the material downward, and the entire extrusion process needs to maintain a uniform extrusion speed.

[0042] S4: When the bottom end of the ram is 2-4mm away from the top plane of the asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone 6, the top end of the mold contacts the ram limiting structure, ending the extrusion process. After the extruded raw material is completely discharged from the discharge channel at the bottom end of the discharge port 4 to the forming mold 2, the two forming molds 2 are split and the ram is reset, completing one magnesium alloy processing.

[0043] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific technical solutions and / or characteristics in the solution is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. An efficient processing equipment for magnesium alloy, characterized in that: The invention comprises a pair of forming dies (2), each of which is provided with two pairs of die fastening bolt holes (1), and the two forming dies are fixedly connected via the two pairs of die fastening bolt holes (1). A forming channel is provided in the forming dies (2), and the forming channel comprises, from top to bottom, a feed port (5), an asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone (6), an expansion deformation zone (7), an asymmetric shear coupling diameter reduction deformation zone (3), an extrusion ratio deformation zone (8), and a discharge port (4). A discharge channel is provided at the bottom of the discharge port (4), and the discharge channel is divided into two sections, including a first section directly connected to the discharge port and a second section connected subsequently. The first section of the discharge channel has an inner diameter equal to that of the discharge port, and the length of the first section of the discharge channel is 3 mm to 7 mm. The ratio of the inner diameter of the second section of the discharge channel to the inner diameter of the discharge port (4) is 10:

8. A pressure head is provided at the top of the feed port (5), and the outer edge of the pressure head is in contact with the inner wall of the feed port (5).

2. The high-efficiency processing equipment for magnesium alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top diameter of the asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone (6) is D1, the bottom diameter of the asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone (6) is D2, the longitudinal span of the asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone (6) is L1, the value of D1 is 20-40 mm, the value of D2 is 30-52 mm, the value of L1 is 5-8 mm, and the value of D2 is at least 15% greater than the value of D1.

3. The high-efficiency processing equipment for magnesium alloy according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameters of the top and bottom of the expansion deformation zone (7) are both D2, the longitudinal span of the expansion deformation zone (7) is L2, the value of L2 is 3-5 mm, and the value of L1 is greater than L2.

4. The high-efficiency processing equipment for magnesium alloy according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top diameter size of the asymmetric shear coupling diameter reduction deformation zone (3) is D2, and the longitudinal span of the asymmetric shear coupling diameter reduction deformation zone (3) is L1.

5. The high-efficiency processing equipment for magnesium alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom diameter of the extrusion ratio deformation zone (8) is D3, the top diameter of the extrusion ratio deformation zone (8) is equal to the bottom diameter of the asymmetric shear coupling diameter reduction deformation zone (3), the longitudinal span of the extrusion ratio deformation zone (8) is L3, the D3 value range is 6-10mm, the L3 value range is 8-13mm, and the offset distance d between the bottom axis of the extrusion ratio deformation zone (8) and the top axis of the asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone (6) is in the range of 3-5mm.

6. The high-efficiency processing equipment for magnesium alloy according to claim 5, characterized in that: The feed port (5) and the discharge port (4) are both cylindrical, and the included angles between the feed port (5) and the two sides of the asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone (6) are ψ1 and ψ2 respectively, and the transition area between the two asymmetric curved surfaces is chamfered.

7. The high-efficiency processing equipment for magnesium alloy according to claim 6, characterized in that: The angles between the inclined surfaces on both sides of the asymmetric shear coupling diameter reduction deformation zone (3) and the vertical direction are ψ1 and ψ2 respectively, and the side of the asymmetric shear coupling diameter reduction deformation zone (3) with the inclined surface angle ψ1 and the side of the asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone (6) with the inclined surface angle ψ1 are arranged alternately.

8. A method for using a high-efficiency processing device for magnesium alloys as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Assemble two forming dies (2) through the die fastening bolt opening (1), and place the raw material to be extruded into the feed opening (5); S2: predict the length and volume of the processed bar material, select a pressure head of appropriate length, adjust the pressure head to be just above the feed port (5), and then move the pressure head downward in the vertical direction so that the pressure head presses the raw material to be extruded downward; S3: Under the influence of the work done by the press, the pressure head pushes the material downward, and the entire extrusion process needs to maintain a uniform extrusion speed. S4: When the bottom end of the ram is 2-4 mm away from the top plane of the asymmetric shear coupling expansion deformation zone (6), the top end of the mold contacts the ram limiting structure, and the extrusion process ends. After the extruded raw material is completely discharged from the forming mold (2) through the discharge channel at the bottom end of the discharge port (4), the two forming molds (2) are separated and the ram is reset, thus completing one magnesium alloy processing.

Images