Vinasse-based hypha composite packaging biological material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a vinasse-based hypha composite packaging biological material, which is characterized in that vinasse and various edible mushrooms are mixed and filled into a mold for solid state fermentation, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1, crushing vinasse and bran, adding water, uniformly stirring, sealing and sterilizing to obtain a solid culture medium; 2, inoculating a strain into the solid culture medium prepared in the step 1, and filling into a mold to obtain a fungus block; 3, fermenting the fungus blocks obtained in the step 2; 4, demoulding the solid culture medium obtained by fermentation in the step 3, and culturing; and 5, drying the solid culture medium obtained by culturing in the step 4. According to the invention, waste vinasse of a brewery and a small amount of bran are used as raw materials, and the prepared hypha composite packaging biological material can be quickly degraded, so that waste utilization is realized, the production cost is reduced, and adverse effects on the environment are reduced; in the material preparation process, biological pollution is avoided, and energy consumption is low; and the performance of the material meets the relevant national standard of polystyrene, and the material can be used as a substitute of polystyrene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of biological composite packaging materials, and in particular relates to a mycelium composite packaging biological material based on wine lees and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With economic growth and the rise of online shopping, the use of polystyrene packaging materials has surged. my country consumes more than 10 million tons of polystyrene packaging materials each year, which not only exacerbates the tension of oil resources, but also causes serious environmental problems. Faced with the dual challenges of resource depletion and environmental damage, the development of sustainable materials has become particularly important. Researchers have invested a lot of research to prepare plant fiber cushioning materials by resource-based straw to reduce environmental pollution and resource consumption. However, the adhesives used in most current plant fiber cushioning materials are high in cost and poor in performance, limiting their potential to replace polystyrene packaging materials.

[0003] In this research field, scientists have discovered that edible fungi hyphae can form a mesh structure during growth, which can bond plant fiber particles such as straw to produce mycelium materials. This material is considered an ideal cushioning material due to its simple production, low cost and moderate mechanical strength. Despite this, the applicability and practicality of mycelium materials have not been fully verified. In addition, various factors in the manufacturing process can also affect its performance, resulting in less than ideal mechanical properties, cushioning properties and water absorption properties.

[0004] In the process of mycelium material preparation and application, substrate treatment faces multiple challenges. First, in substrate treatment, it is necessary to weigh the source of additional materials, cost, environmental friendliness and easy accessibility, and at the same time, the substrate should be properly crushed, disinfected and hydrated to ensure good growth of mycelium. Secondly, the growth conditions of mycelium are crucial, including sufficient nutrient supply (carbon source, nitrogen source, minerals and vitamins, etc.) and precisely controlled environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, oxygen content and pH value. These factors directly affect the growth rate of mycelium and the final performance of the composite material. However, even under ideal growth conditions, the stability and durability of mycelium composite materials may still be limited by physical properties (such as elastic modulus, flexibility and durability) and environmental adaptability (such as expansion, deformation or degradation caused by air and humidity). In addition, the immaturity of the current production process and the high production cost are also technical difficulties that restrict the widespread application of mycelium composite materials. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a mycelium composite packaging biomaterial based on wine lees in view of the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0006] The technical problem that the present invention needs to solve is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned mycelium composite packaging biomaterial based on wine lees.

[0007] The culture medium is prepared using winery waste lees, and then activated different types of bacterial strains are inoculated into it. Mycelium composite packaging biomaterials are prepared through mold filling, constant temperature bacteria cultivation, solid-state fermentation, cultivation, and drying and inactivation. This method can be applied to industrial production, reduce energy consumption, and improve the uniformity of mycelium composite packaging biomaterials.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A method for preparing a mycelium composite packaging biomaterial based on wine lees comprises the following steps:

[0010] (1) crushing distiller's grains and bran, adding water, stirring evenly, sealing, and sterilizing to obtain a solid culture medium;

[0011] (2) inoculating the strain into the solid culture medium prepared in step (1), filling a mold, and obtaining a bacterial block;

[0012] (3) fermenting the bacterial mass obtained in step (2);

[0013] (4) demolding the solid culture medium obtained by fermentation in step (3) and culturing;

[0014] (5) drying the solid culture medium obtained by culturing in step (4).

[0015] In step (1), the mass percentages of the vinasse and the bran in the solid culture medium are 80% and 20% respectively, and the water content of the solid culture medium is 60-65%.

[0016] In step (1), the sterilization is high temperature and high pressure sterilization; after the sterilization is completed, the solid culture medium is cooled to room temperature.

[0017] In step (2), the strain is any one of Pleurotus ostreatus, Flammulina velutipes, and Pleurotus ostreatus; the strain is activated in an activation medium, and then inoculated into a liquid culture medium to obtain a seed liquid; the inoculation amount of the seed liquid of the strain is 5 to 15% of the mass of the solid culture medium.

[0018] The formula of the activation medium is: 300 g / L potato, 20 g / L glucose, 2 g / L peptone, 2 g / L KH 2 PO 4 、1g / L MgSO 4 7H 2 O.

[0019] In step (2), the molding is as follows: placing the solid culture medium inoculated with the strain in a mold, compacting it, and sealing it; the mold is a sterilized mold.

[0020] In step (3), the fermentation conditions are: static fermentation culture at 25-27° C. in the dark for 10-15 days, so that the hyphae of the strain fully grow and cover the upper surface of the solid culture medium;

[0021] In step (4), the culture conditions are as follows: the solid culture medium obtained by fermentation in step (3) is placed in a sterile environment, sprayed with water once every two days, 3 to 8 mL of water each time, and cultured in a dark environment at a temperature of 25 to 27° C. until the surface of the solid culture medium is completely covered with mycelium. After demolding the solid culture medium, the solid culture medium is turned over and placed in a sterile environment for culture, so that the mycelium grows to the lower layer of the solid culture medium, and the mycelium fully grows into the solid culture medium.

[0022] In step (5), the drying temperature is 64-70° C., preferably 65° C.; the drying time is 23-26 hours, preferably 24 hours; and the water content of the mycelium composite packaging biomaterial obtained after drying is less than 10%.

[0023] The mycelium composite packaging biological material based on distiller's grains prepared by the above preparation method has neat mycelium, uniform thickness, consistent color and no contamination by foreign bacteria, and the mycelium materials that do not meet the requirements can be crushed and reused.

[0024] The application of the above-mentioned mycelium composite packaging biomaterial based on wine lees in the preparation of buffer materials is also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The mycelium composite packaging biomaterial prepared by using wine lees and bran as the culture medium for cultivating mycelium can be rapidly degraded, which not only realizes waste utilization but also reduces production costs and reduces its adverse impact on the environment.

[0027] 2. Use different types of strains to produce and prepare mycelium composite packaging biomaterials, and select appropriate strains according to the performance requirements of the products so that the performance of the products produced can meet the requirements. Its performance meets the relevant national standards for polystyrene, so it can be used as a substitute for polystyrene.

[0028] 3. The mycelium composite packaging biomaterial of the present invention has no biological pollution and low energy consumption during the preparation process. Under the premise of ensuring quality and uniformity, it greatly saves energy and reduces consumption, reduces production costs, and protects the ecological environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and the above and / or other advantages of the present invention will become more clear.

[0030] Figure 1 This is the qualified mycelium composite packaging biomaterial prepared in Example 1.

[0031] Figure 2 This is the qualified mycelium composite packaging biomaterial prepared in Example 2.

[0032] Figure 3 This is the qualified mycelium composite packaging biomaterial prepared in Example 3.

[0033] Figure 4 This is the qualified mycelium composite packaging biological material prepared in Comparative Example 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention is further described below based on the following examples. It should be understood that the following embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

[0035] If the specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the examples, they are carried out according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the field or according to the product instructions. If the manufacturers of the reagents or instruments are not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased through regular channels.

[0036] The strains (Pleurotus ostreatus, Flammulina velutipes and Pleurotus eryngii) used in the following examples and comparative examples were isolated and screened from wild strains using conventional methods.

[0037] The formula of the activation medium used in the following examples and comparative examples is: 300 g / L potato, 20 g / L glucose, 2 g / L peptone, 2 g / L KH 2 PO 4 、1g / L MgSO 4 7H 2 After the activation medium is prepared, seal it, sterilize it at 115℃ and autoclave for 20 minutes, then let it stand and cool to room temperature for later use.

[0038] The formula of the seed liquid medium used in the following examples and comparative examples is: 30 g / L glucose, 5 g / L peptone, 10 g / L yeast extract powder, 0.5 g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5 g / L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, and 0.01 g / L vitamin B1. After the seed liquid medium is prepared, it is sealed, sterilized at 115°C and autoclaved for 20 minutes, and then left to cool to room temperature for use.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] (1) Preparation of solid culture medium: weigh 24 g of wine lees and 6 g of bran, add 50 mL of water, seal and sterilize at 121° C. for 2 hours, then let stand and cool to room temperature;

[0041] (2) Propagation of the fungus: taking out the Pleurotus ostreatus fungus from the refrigerator, thawing it, and inoculating it into an activation medium for activation; then inoculating the activated fungus liquid into a seed liquid liquid medium for expansion culture to obtain a seed liquid;

[0042] (3) In an inoculation chamber, 10 mL of seed solution is inoculated into the solid culture medium prepared in step (1), and the solid culture medium is placed in a sterilized mold and sealed;

[0043] (4) the solid culture medium inoculated with the seed solution sealed in the mold is kept at a constant temperature of 25 to 27° C., away from light, and allowed to ferment for 10 to 12 days, so that the mycelium can fully grow and cover the surface of the solid culture medium;

[0044] (5) The solid culture medium that is not completely covered with mycelium is removed from the mold and placed in a sterile environment for further culture at a temperature of 25 to 27° C. in the dark. The solid culture medium is sprayed with water every two days, with 3 to 8 mL of water each time. The culture can be stopped when the surface of the solid culture medium is completely covered with mycelium.

[0045] (6) drying the solid culture medium covered with mycelium at 65-70° C. for 24 hours to obtain mycelium composite packaging biomaterial with a water content of less than 10%, neat mycelium, uniform thickness, uniform color and no contamination by other bacteria; Figure 1 This is the qualified mycelium composite packaging biomaterial prepared in this example.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] (1) Preparation of solid culture medium: weigh 24 g of wine lees and 6 g of bran, add 50 mL of water, seal and sterilize at 121° C. for 2 hours, then let stand and cool to room temperature;

[0048] (2) Propagation of the fungus: taking the Flammulina velutipes fungus out of the refrigerator, thawing it, and inoculating it into an activation medium for activation; then inoculating the activated fungus liquid into a seed liquid liquid medium for expansion culture to obtain a seed liquid;

[0049] (3) In an inoculation chamber, 10 mL of seed solution is inoculated into the solid culture medium prepared in step (1), and the solid culture medium is placed in a sterilized mold and sealed;

[0050] (4) the solid culture medium inoculated with the seed solution sealed in the mold is kept at a constant temperature of 25 to 27° C., away from light, and allowed to ferment for 12 to 14 days, so that the mycelium can fully grow and cover the surface of the solid culture medium;

[0051] (5) The solid culture medium that is not completely covered with mycelium is removed from the mold and placed in a sterile environment for further culture at a temperature of 25 to 27° C. in the dark. The solid culture medium is sprayed with water every two days, with 3 to 8 mL of water each time. The culture can be stopped when the surface of the solid culture medium is completely covered with mycelium.

[0052] (6) drying the solid culture medium covered with mycelium at 65-70° C. for 24 hours to obtain mycelium composite packaging biomaterial with a water content of less than 10%, neat mycelium, uniform thickness, uniform color and no contamination by other bacteria; Figure 2 This is the qualified mycelium composite packaging biological material prepared in this embodiment.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] (1) Preparation of solid culture medium: weigh 24 g of wine lees and 6 g of bran, add 50 mL of water, seal and sterilize at 121° C. for 2 hours, then let stand and cool to room temperature;

[0055] (2) Propagation of the fungus: taking the Pleurotus eryngii fungus out of the refrigerator, thawing it, and inoculating it into an activation medium for activation; then inoculating the activated fungus liquid into a seed liquid liquid medium for expansion culture to obtain a seed liquid;

[0056] (3) In an inoculation chamber, 10 mL of seed solution is inoculated into the solid culture medium prepared in step (1), and the solid culture medium is placed in a sterilized mold and sealed;

[0057] (4) the solid culture medium inoculated with the seed solution sealed in the mold is kept at a constant temperature of 25 to 27° C., away from light, and allowed to ferment for 12 to 14 days, so that the mycelium can fully grow and cover the surface of the solid culture medium;

[0058] (5) The solid culture medium that is not completely covered with mycelium is removed from the mold and placed in a sterile environment for further culture at a temperature of 25 to 27° C. in the dark. The solid culture medium is sprayed with water every two days, with 3 to 8 mL of water each time. The culture can be stopped when the surface of the solid culture medium is completely covered with mycelium.

[0059] (6) drying the solid culture medium covered with mycelium at 65-70° C. for 24 hours to obtain mycelium composite packaging biomaterial with a water content of less than 10%, neat mycelium, uniform thickness, uniform color and no contamination by other bacteria; Figure 3 This is the qualified mycelium composite packaging biological material prepared in this embodiment.

[0060] Comparative Example 4

[0061] The preparation method of the mycelium composite packaging biomaterial obtained in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1, except that the light-proof condition in step (4) is replaced by an alternating light irradiation mode for culturing, and the light conditions are: 200 lx light for 12 h, and light-proof for 12 h.

[0062] The mycelium composite packaging biomaterial prepared in this comparative example is Figure 4 As shown, after exposure to light, the mycelium produces pigments, causing spots to appear on the surface of the material, and the mycelium growth on the material is uneven.

[0063] Results test:

[0064] The mycelium composite packaging biomaterials of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 4 were taken, and the density (GB / T 1033.1-2008 Determination of the density of non-foamed plastics), material compressive strength (GB / T 8813-2020 Determination of the compression properties of rigid foamed plastics), material breaking bending load (GB / T 8812.2-2007 Determination of the bending properties of rigid foamed plastics) and water absorption (GB / T 8810-2005 Determination of the water absorption of rigid foamed plastics) tests were performed in accordance with relevant standards.

[0065] The test results are shown in Table 1, which show that Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 4 all obtained cushioning packaging materials with good performance, with densities ranging from 0.21 to 0.24 g / L, compression properties exceeding 0.075 MPa, breaking bending loads exceeding 21 N, and water absorption rates exceeding 19%, indicating that the method provided by the present invention can be used to produce low-carbon green packaging cushioning materials with good performance.

[0066] Table 1 Performance test results of mycelium composite packaging biomaterials prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 4

[0067]

[0068] The present invention provides a preparation idea and method of mycelium composite packaging biomaterial based on wine lees. There are many methods and ways to implement the technical solution. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. All components not specified in this embodiment can be implemented by existing technologies.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a mycelium composite packaging biomaterial based on wine lees, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) crushing distiller's grains and bran, adding water, stirring evenly, sealing, and sterilizing to obtain a solid culture medium; (2) inoculating the strain into the solid culture medium prepared in step (1), filling a mold, and obtaining a bacterial block; (3) fermenting the bacterial mass obtained in step (2); (4) demolding the solid culture medium obtained by fermentation in step (3) and culturing; (5) drying the solid culture medium obtained by culturing in step (4).

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the mass percentages of the vinasse and the bran in the solid culture medium are 80% and 20% respectively, and the water content of the solid culture medium is 60-65%.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the sterilization is high temperature and high pressure sterilization; after the sterilization is completed, the solid culture medium is cooled to room temperature.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the strain is any one of Pleurotus ostreatus, Flammulina velutipes and Pleurotus eryngii; and the inoculation amount of the seed liquid of the strain is 5-15% of the mass of the solid culture medium.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the molding is as follows: placing the solid culture medium inoculated with the strain in a mold, compacting it, and sealing it; the mold is a sterilized mold.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), the fermentation conditions are: static fermentation culture at 25-27° C. in the dark for 10-15 days.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), the culture conditions are as follows: the solid culture medium obtained by fermentation in step (3) is placed in a sterile environment, sprayed with water once every two days, 3 to 8 mL of water each time, and cultured in the dark at a temperature of 25 to 27° C. until the surface of the solid culture medium is completely covered with mycelium.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (5), the drying temperature is 64-70° C. and the drying time is 23-26 h, preferably 24 h.

9. The mycelium composite packaging biomaterial based on distiller's grains prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. Use of the mycelium composite packaging biomaterial based on distiller's grains according to claim 9 in the preparation of buffer materials.

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