High-performance carbon fiber material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of carbon fibers, and particularly discloses a high-performance carbon fiber material and a preparation method thereof. Preliminary fibers are prepared from polyacrylonitrile, the preliminary fibers are placed in an oxidation furnace for oxidation treatment to obtain oxidized fibers, then the oxidized fibers are placed in a high-temperature furnace for carbonization treatment to obtain high-performance carbon fibers, and finally the high-performance carbon fibers are improved to improve the surface properties of the carbon fibers. The functional high-performance carbon fiber is obtained after the anticorrosive coating is added, and the carbon fiber is high in bonding capacity with the concrete surface, cannot fall off from the concrete surface after being used for a long time, and can provide long-term reinforcement support for a concrete engineering structure; the bearing capacity and the bending and shearing resistance of the concrete engineering structure are improved, and the stability of the concrete engineering structure is maintained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon fiber, and in particular relates to a high-performance carbon fiber material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Due to the long service life of construction projects, some projects have legacy problems caused by too low design load standards, and the use environment of some construction projects is also relatively complex. Most of the building structures are exposed to the external environment for a long time and are eroded by environmental factors such as temperature, rain, and atmosphere. During long-term use, concrete beams and columns will have problems such as decreased bearing capacity, and safety performance will also be reduced to varying degrees. At this time, in order to ensure the safety of the construction project, the construction project structure needs to be reinforced.

[0003] Carbon fiber materials are lightweight, high-strength, corrosion-resistant and fatigue-resistant, and have natural advantages in the reinforcement and strengthening of construction projects. Carbon fiber can be attached to the surface of concrete beams and columns for use, but the general carbon fiber has a weak bonding ability with the concrete surface. After long-term use, the connection between the carbon fiber and the concrete is no longer tight. At this time, the reinforcing effect of the carbon fiber will be reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the performance of carbon fiber, improve its reinforcement performance, and increase the bonding ability of carbon fiber to the concrete surface. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-performance carbon fiber material and a preparation method thereof to solve the problem that the traditional carbon fiber is unstable in connection with the concrete surface after long-term use.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for preparing a high-performance carbon fiber material, comprising:

[0007] Polyacrylonitrile is selected as a precursor material, and after preliminary treatment, a primary treated precursor material is obtained, and the primary treated precursor material is fiberized by a solution spinning method to obtain a primary fiber;

[0008] Placing the preliminary fibers in an oxidation furnace for oxidation treatment to obtain oxidized fibers, and placing the oxidized fibers in a high-temperature furnace for carbonization treatment to form high-performance carbon fibers;

[0009] Performing an improvement treatment on the high-performance carbon fiber and adding an anti-corrosion coating on the surface of the high-performance carbon fiber to obtain a functionalized high-performance carbon fiber;

[0010] The functionalized high-performance carbon fiber product is combined with the epoxy resin mixture to obtain a high-performance resin carbon fiber composite material.

[0011] Preferably, polyacrylonitrile is dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide, and then nano boron nitride is added and dispersed evenly by ultrasonication to obtain a polyacrylonitrile spinning solution, which is then spun by a solution spinning method to obtain the preliminary fibers.

[0012] Preferably, the temperature of the oxidation furnace for oxidizing the preliminary fibers is 200° C.-300° C., and the oxidation time is 1-3 hours.

[0013] Preferably, the temperature of the high temperature furnace for carbonizing the oxidized fibers is 1200°C-2500°C.

[0014] Preferably, the improvement process includes:

[0015] The high-performance carbon fiber is immersed in a strong oxidizing acid solution for chemical oxidation to obtain a secondary oxidized high-performance carbon fiber;

[0016] Then, the secondary oxidized high-performance carbon fiber is exposed to a high-temperature nitrogen environment of 700°C-1000°C to obtain a nitrided high-performance carbon fiber;

[0017] The surface of high-performance carbon fiber is nitrided by plasma treatment to obtain functionalized high-performance carbon fiber.

[0018] Preferably, the functionalized high-performance carbon fiber product is impregnated in an epoxy resin mixture, taken out and dried to obtain an impregnated carbon fiber cloth, multiple layers of impregnated carbon fiber cloth are stacked together, put into a mold for lamination, hot-pressed and cured for 1-3 hours, and then cold-pressed at 10-15MPa for 15-20 minutes, and taken out after cooling to obtain a high-performance resin carbon fiber composite material.

[0019] Preferably, the epoxy resin mixture is prepared by mixing epoxy resin and curing agent in a mass ratio of 10:3.

[0020] Preferably, the improvement process includes:

[0021] After soaking the high-performance carbon fiber in acetone solution for 24 hours, it was repeatedly washed with anhydrous ethanol ultrasonically, and then dried in an 80°C oven for 5 hours. After degumming, it was immersed in a 33vol% nitric acid solution, and treated in a 2.45GHz microwave generator for 5 minutes. The high-performance carbon fiber was repeatedly rinsed with deionized water, and then dried at 100°C for 2 hours. Finally, the dried high-performance carbon fiber was immersed in a tannic acid ethanol solution for 3-5 minutes, and then immersed in a Mg(NO3)26H20 solution for vacuum penetration for 2 hours to obtain functionalized high-performance carbon fiber after treatment.

[0022] A high-performance carbon fiber material obtained by utilizing the preparation method.

[0023] A high-performance carbon fiber material is used as a structural reinforcement material in construction projects.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The present invention obtains preliminary fibers by making polyacrylonitrile, places the preliminary fibers in an oxidation furnace for oxidation treatment to obtain oxidized fibers, and then places the oxidized fibers in a high-temperature furnace for carbonization treatment to obtain high-performance carbon fibers. Finally, the high-performance carbon fibers are improved to improve the surface properties of the carbon fibers, enhance the adhesion between the carbon fibers and the substrate, and add an anti-corrosion coating to obtain functionalized high-performance carbon fibers. Such carbon fibers have a strong ability to bond with the concrete surface and will not fall off the concrete surface after long-term use. They can provide long-term reinforcement and support for concrete engineering structures, improve the bearing capacity and bending and shearing resistance of the concrete engineering structures, and maintain the stability of the concrete engineering structures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a block diagram of the preparation method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example:

[0029] See also Figure 1 As shown, a method for preparing a high-performance carbon fiber material comprises:

[0030] Polyacrylonitrile is selected as a precursor material, and after preliminary treatment, a primary treated precursor material is obtained, and the primary treated precursor material is fiberized by a solution spinning method to obtain a primary fiber;

[0031] Placing the preliminary fibers in an oxidation furnace for oxidation treatment to obtain oxidized fibers, and placing the oxidized fibers in a high-temperature furnace for carbonization treatment to form high-performance carbon fibers;

[0032] Performing an improvement treatment on the high-performance carbon fiber and adding an anti-corrosion coating on the surface of the high-performance carbon fiber to enhance the corrosion resistance of the high-performance carbon fiber, thereby obtaining a functionalized high-performance carbon fiber;

[0033] The functionalized high-performance carbon fiber product is combined with the epoxy resin mixture to obtain a high-performance resin carbon fiber composite material.

[0034] From the above, it can be seen that after the preliminary fibers are obtained by making polyacrylonitrile, the preliminary fibers are placed in an oxidation furnace for oxidation treatment to obtain oxidized fibers, and then the oxidized fibers are placed in a high-temperature furnace for carbonization treatment to obtain high-performance carbon fibers. Finally, the high-performance carbon fibers are improved to improve the surface properties of the carbon fibers, enhance the adhesion between the carbon fibers and the substrate, and add an anti-corrosion coating to obtain functionalized high-performance carbon fibers. This type of carbon fiber has a strong ability to bond with the concrete surface, and will not fall off the concrete surface after long-term use. It can provide long-term reinforcement and support for concrete engineering structures, improve the bearing capacity and bending and shear resistance of concrete engineering structures, and maintain the stability of concrete engineering structures.

[0035] Polyacrylonitrile is dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide, and then nano boron nitride is added and evenly dispersed by ultrasonic wave to obtain polyacrylonitrile spinning stock solution, which is then spun by solution spinning to form elongated fiber bundles, which can effectively improve the structural uniformity and quality stability of the fiber bundles to obtain the preliminary fibers.

[0036] The temperature of the oxidation furnace for oxidizing the preliminary fibers is 200° C.-300° C., and the oxidation time is 1-3 hours, which promotes the stabilization and carbonization process of the fibers.

[0037] The temperature of the high temperature furnace for carbonizing the oxidized fibers is 1200° C.-2500° C., converting the oxidized fibers into carbon materials.

[0038] Improvements include:

[0039] The high-performance carbon fiber is immersed in a strong oxidizing acid solution for chemical oxidation to obtain secondary oxidized high-performance carbon fiber, oxidizing part of the carbon atoms on the surface of the carbon fiber to generate oxides and functional groups, thereby improving the hydrophilicity of the carbon fiber and providing chemical reaction sites to promote its covalent bond with the resin matrix, enhance the surface activity of the carbon fiber, and improve the bonding force with the composite material;

[0040] The secondary oxidized high-performance carbon fiber is then exposed to a high-temperature nitrogen environment of 700°C-1000°C to obtain nitrided high-performance carbon fiber. In the high-temperature environment, nitrogen elements are introduced into the surface of the carbon fiber to generate nitrogen-containing functional groups on the surface of the carbon fiber, thereby enhancing the interaction between the resin and the carbon fiber, thereby improving the interfacial adhesion, and also improving the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of the carbon fiber, especially the shear strength of the composite material, enhancing the surface activity of the carbon fiber, and improving the adhesion with the composite material;

[0041] Plasma treatment nitrides the surface of high-performance carbon fibers and enhances the surface activity of the carbon fibers. By introducing various functional groups or changing the chemical properties, the surface energy and hydrophilicity of the carbon fibers can be improved. It can also enhance the bonding ability of the carbon fibers with resins and improve the bonding strength with composite materials to obtain functionalized high-performance carbon fibers.

[0042] The functionalized high-performance carbon fiber product is impregnated in an epoxy resin mixture, wherein the epoxy resin mixture is prepared by mixing epoxy resin and curing agent in a mass ratio of 10:3, and then taken out and dried to obtain an impregnated carbon fiber cloth. Multiple layers of impregnated carbon fiber cloth are stacked together and placed in a mold for lamination. After hot pressing and curing for 1-3 hours, they are cold pressed at 10-15MPa for 15-20 minutes, and taken out after cooling to obtain a high-performance resin carbon fiber composite material.

[0043] In one embodiment, the improving process comprises:

[0044] After soaking the high-performance carbon fiber in acetone solution for 24 hours, it was repeatedly washed with anhydrous ethanol ultrasonically, and then dried in an 80°C oven for 5 hours. After degumming, it was immersed in a 33vol% nitric acid solution, and treated in a 2.45GHz microwave generator for 5 minutes. The high-performance carbon fiber was repeatedly rinsed with deionized water, and then dried at 100°C for 2 hours. Finally, the dried high-performance carbon fiber was immersed in a tannic acid ethanol solution for 3-5 minutes, and then immersed in a Mg(NO3)26H20 solution for vacuum penetration for 2 hours to obtain functionalized high-performance carbon fiber after treatment.

[0045] In this way, a large amount of flower-shaped MgO is formed on the surface of the carbon fiber, thereby increasing the diameter and surface roughness of the carbon fiber, which can increase the interlocking ability of the carbon fiber resin, thereby enhancing the bonding ability of the carbon fiber material with the concrete material, and improving the performance of the carbon fiber material.

[0046] A high-performance carbon fiber material obtained by utilizing the preparation method.

[0047] A high-performance carbon fiber material is used as a structural reinforcement material in construction projects.

[0048] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0049] In the drawings of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention, only the structures related to the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are involved, and other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a high-performance carbon fiber material, characterized in that: include: Polyacrylonitrile is selected as a precursor material, and after preliminary treatment, a primary treated precursor material is obtained, and the primary treated precursor material is fiberized by a solution spinning method to obtain a primary fiber; Placing the preliminary fibers in an oxidation furnace for oxidation treatment to obtain oxidized fibers, and placing the oxidized fibers in a high-temperature furnace for carbonization treatment to form high-performance carbon fibers; Performing an improvement treatment on the high-performance carbon fiber and adding an anti-corrosion coating on the surface of the high-performance carbon fiber to obtain a functionalized high-performance carbon fiber; The functionalized high-performance carbon fiber product is combined with the epoxy resin mixture to obtain a high-performance resin carbon fiber composite material.

2. The method for preparing a high-performance carbon fiber material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polyacrylonitrile is dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide, and then nano boron nitride is added and dispersed evenly by ultrasonic wave to obtain the polyacrylonitrile spinning stock solution, which is then spun by solution spinning to obtain the preliminary fiber.

3. The method for preparing a high-performance carbon fiber material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the oxidation furnace for oxidizing the preliminary fibers is 200° C.-300° C., and the oxidation time is 1-3 hours.

4. The method for preparing a high-performance carbon fiber material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the high temperature furnace for carbonizing the oxidized fibers is 1200°C-2500°C.

5. The method for preparing a high-performance carbon fiber material according to claim 1, characterized in that: Improvements include: The high-performance carbon fiber is immersed in a strong oxidizing acid solution for chemical oxidation to obtain a secondary oxidized high-performance carbon fiber; Then, the secondary oxidized high-performance carbon fiber is exposed to a high-temperature nitrogen environment of 700°C-1000°C to obtain a nitrided high-performance carbon fiber; The surface of high-performance carbon fiber is nitrided by plasma treatment to obtain functionalized high-performance carbon fiber.

6. The method for preparing a high-performance carbon fiber material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The functionalized high-performance carbon fiber product is impregnated in the epoxy resin mixture, taken out and dried to obtain the impregnated carbon fiber cloth, multiple layers of impregnated carbon fiber cloth are stacked together, put into a mold for lamination, hot press and cure for 1-3 hours, and then cold press at 10-15MPa for 15-20 minutes, and then taken out after cooling to obtain a high-performance resin carbon fiber composite material.

7. The method for preparing a high-performance carbon fiber material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The epoxy resin mixture is prepared by mixing epoxy resin and curing agent in a mass ratio of 10:

3.

8. The method for preparing a high-performance carbon fiber material according to claim 1, characterized in that: Improvements include: After soaking the high-performance carbon fiber in acetone solution for 24 hours, it was repeatedly washed with anhydrous ethanol by ultrasonic treatment, and then dried in an 80°C oven for 5 hours. After degumming, it was immersed in a 33 vol% nitric acid solution, and treated in a 2.45 GHz microwave generator for 5 minutes. The high-performance carbon fiber was repeatedly rinsed with deionized water, and then dried at 100°C for 2 hours. Finally, the dried high-performance carbon fiber was immersed in a tannic acid ethanol solution for 3-5 minutes, and then immersed in a Mg(NO3)26H20 solution for vacuum infiltration for 2 hours to obtain functionalized high-performance carbon fiber after treatment.

9. A high-performance carbon fiber material obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. Use of the high-performance carbon fiber material according to claim 9 as a structural reinforcement material in construction projects.

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