Blast furnace condition regulation and control method based on hearth dead coke column state judgment

Abstract

The invention provides a blast furnace condition regulation and control method based on hearth dead coke column state judgment. The blast furnace condition regulation and control method comprises the following steps: acquiring daily temperature data of a plurality of elevation temperature measurement galvanic couples below a blast furnace hearth iron notch; judging a height interval in which the temperature of the hearth fluctuates frequently so as to determine a height range H of circulating molten iron stored in the current blast furnace hearth; calculating the volume difference delta Viron of the accumulated molten iron in the hearth, the volume delta Vslag of the accumulated slag liquid and the surplus trend of the slag iron; and according to the H, the delta Viron, the delta Vslag, the slag iron surplus trend and the current blast furnace utilization coefficient, parameters such as the central coke amount, the coke batch weight and the ore batch weight of the blast furnace are adjusted. According to the method for regulating and controlling the furnace condition of the blast furnace, by analyzing the storage range of the furnace liquid iron in the hearth and the discharge condition of the slag iron of the blast furnace, the blast furnace is guided to achieve the purposes of improving the liquid permeability of the center of the hearth, increasing the storage amount and the liquid permeability of the liquid iron in a dead iron layer and guaranteeing stable and smooth operation of the blast furnace by optimizing a raw material structure, material distribution and an air supply system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ironmaking, and in particular to a blast furnace condition control method based on hearth dead coke column state judgment. Background Art

[0002] The unreasonable volume, particle size and temperature of the dead coke column in the blast furnace hearth will cause the liquid storage capacity and liquid permeability of the dead coke column to deteriorate, thus affecting the production of the blast furnace. In severe cases, it may cause partial freezing or abnormality of the hearth.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to judge the accumulation and liquid permeability of the dead coke column in the furnace by analyzing and judging the liquid storage situation in the furnace and combining it with the balance of slag and iron in the furnace. In this way, the blast furnace can be guided to improve the charge structure, material distribution and air supply system, etc., to adjust the accumulation of dead coke columns and the amount of liquid storage in the furnace, so as to increase the molten iron permeability of the dead coke columns and ensure the stable and smooth operation of the blast furnace.

[0004] However, there is no corresponding mature technology in the prior art to analyze the accumulation and liquid permeability of the dead coke column in the hearth. The prior art mainly analyzes the storage range of liquid iron in the hearth and the discharge of blast furnace slag iron, and guides the blast furnace to optimize the raw material structure, material distribution and air supply system to achieve the purpose of improving the liquid permeability of the hearth center, increasing the storage capacity of liquid iron in the dead iron layer, and stabilizing the blast furnace condition. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a blast furnace condition control method based on the judgment of the dead coke column state of the furnace, aiming to adjust the liquid permeability of the dead coke column through an accurate method to improve the activity and reserves of liquid iron in the lower part of the furnace.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a blast furnace condition control method based on the judgment of the dead coke column state of the furnace cylinder, comprising the following steps: Obtain daily temperature data of multiple temperature measuring couples at a preset height interval below the iron mouth of the blast furnace hearth; According to the daily temperature data of the thermocouples for a preset number of consecutive days, the height interval in which the furnace hearth temperature fluctuates frequently is determined, and the height range △H of the storage circulation molten iron in the current blast furnace hearth is determined accordingly; According to the amount and composition of blast furnace charge, slag and iron tapping, calculate the volume difference of accumulated molten iron in the furnace ΔV iron , accumulated slag liquid volume ΔV slag and the trend of slag iron surplus; According to △H, ΔV iron , ΔV slag , slag and iron surplus trend and current blast furnace utilization coefficient to adjust the blast furnace's central coke amount, coke batch weight, ore batch weight, wind speed, nutrient enrichment, coal injection amount and iron mouth diameter.

[0007] Preferably, in the step of judging the height range in which the furnace temperature fluctuates frequently based on the daily temperature data of the thermocouples for a consecutive preset number of days, based on the daily temperature data of the thermocouples for a consecutive preset number of days, when the temperature fluctuation of a certain elevation thermocouple exceeds 20°C within a consecutive preset number of days, it means that the height corresponding to this certain elevation thermocouple is the main storage position range of the active molten iron in the current furnace, and △H includes the height corresponding to this elevation thermocouple.

[0008] Preferably, according to ΔH, V iron , ΔV slag The steps of adjusting the central coke quantity, coke batch weight, ore batch weight, wind speed, nutrient enrichment, coal injection quantity and taphole diameter of the blast furnace based on the slag iron surplus trend and the current blast furnace utilization coefficient include: When △H is in the first preset height range, the blast furnace utilization coefficient is controlled to be 2.0~2.2t / m 3 .d. Supplement central coke, control the increase of coke batch weight and ore batch weight, and control the increase of nutrient enrichment; When △H is in the second preset height range, the blast furnace utilization factor is controlled to be 2.2~2.4t / m 3 .d, supplement the central coke, control the increase of coke batch weight and ore batch weight, increase the coal injection amount, control the increase of nutrient enrichment, and increase the iron mouth diameter; When △H is in the third preset height range, the blast furnace utilization factor is controlled to be 2.4~2.6t / m 3 .d. Supplement central coke, control the increase in coke batch weight and ore batch weight, increase the amount of coal injection, control the increase in nutrient enrichment, and increase the iron mouth diameter.

[0009] Preferably, according to ΔH, V iron , ΔV slag The steps of adjusting the central coke quantity, coke batch weight, ore batch weight, wind speed, nutrient enrichment, coal injection quantity and taphole diameter of the blast furnace based on the slag iron surplus trend and the current blast furnace utilization coefficient include: When ΔV iron and ΔV slag All are greater than 0, the slag iron surplus trend is decreasing or stable, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2.0t / m 3 .d, and when △H is in the first preset height range, the blast furnace utilization coefficient is controlled to be 2.0~2.2t / m 3 .d. Supplement central coke and control the batch weight of coke, batch weight of ore and nutrient enrichment to remain unchanged; When ΔV iron and ΔV slag All are greater than 0, the slag iron surplus trend is decreasing or stable, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2.0t / m 3.d, and when △H is in the second preset height range, the blast furnace utilization coefficient is controlled to be 2.2~2.4t / m 3 .d, supplement the central coke, control the increase of coke batch weight and ore batch weight, increase the total coke weight entering the furnace, control the increase of nutrient enrichment, increase the coal injection amount, and increase the iron mouth diameter; When ΔV iron and ΔV slag All are greater than 0, the slag iron surplus trend is decreasing or stable, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2.0t / m 3 .d, and when △H is in the third preset height range, the blast furnace utilization coefficient is controlled to be 2.4~2.6t / m 3 .d. Control the increase of coke batch weight and ore batch weight, control the increase of nutrient enrichment, increase of coal injection amount, and increase of iron mouth diameter.

[0010] Preferably, according to ΔH, ΔV iron , ΔV slag The steps of adjusting the central coke quantity, coke batch weight, ore batch weight, wind speed, nutrient enrichment, coal injection quantity and taphole diameter of the blast furnace based on the slag iron surplus trend and the current blast furnace utilization coefficient include: When ΔV iron and ΔV slag All are greater than 0, the slag and iron discharge is reduced and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 1.8t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the first preset height interval, central coke is added, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to decrease, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the coal injection amount decreases, the iron mouth diameter decreases, and oxygen enrichment is stopped; When ΔV iron and ΔV slag All are greater than 0, the slag and iron discharge is reduced and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 1.8t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the second preset height interval, central coke is added, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to decrease, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the coal injection amount decreases, the iron mouth diameter decreases, and oxygen enrichment is stopped; When ΔV iron and ΔV slag When both are greater than 0, the slag and iron discharge volume is reduced and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 1.8t / m3.d, when △H is in the third preset height interval, the central coke is supplemented, the coke batch weight and the ore batch weight are controlled to be reduced, the total coke weight entering the furnace is increased, the coal injection volume is reduced, the iron mouth diameter remains unchanged, and the oxygen enrichment is reduced.

[0011] Preferably, according to ΔH, ΔV iron , ΔV slag The steps of adjusting the central coke quantity, coke batch weight, ore batch weight, wind speed, nutrient enrichment, coal injection quantity and taphole diameter of the blast furnace based on the slag iron surplus trend and the current blast furnace utilization coefficient include: When ΔV iron Greater than 0 and the value range fluctuation is less than the preset range, ΔV slag Less than 0 and the value fluctuation is less than the preset range, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the first preset height interval, the central coke is supplemented, the coke batch weight and the ore batch weight are controlled to decrease, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the enrichment amount increases, and the iron mouth diameter decreases; When ΔV iron Greater than 0 and the value range fluctuation is less than the preset range, ΔV slag Less than 0 and the value fluctuation is less than the preset range, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the second preset height interval, central coke is added, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to remain unchanged, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the enrichment amount increases, and the iron mouth diameter remains unchanged; When ΔV iron Greater than 0 and the value range fluctuation is less than the preset range, ΔV slag Less than 0 and the value fluctuation is less than the preset range, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the third preset height interval, the central coke is supplemented, the coke batch weight and the ore batch weight are controlled to remain unchanged, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the enrichment amount increases, and the iron mouth diameter remains unchanged.

[0012] Preferably, according to ΔH, ΔV iron , ΔV slag The steps of adjusting the central coke quantity, coke batch weight, ore batch weight, wind speed, nutrient enrichment, coal injection quantity and taphole diameter of the blast furnace based on the slag iron surplus trend and the current blast furnace utilization coefficient include: When ΔV iron Greater than 0 and decreasing, ΔV slag Less than 0 and increasing in value, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the first preset height interval, the central coke is supplemented, the coke batch weight and the ore batch weight are controlled to decrease, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the enrichment amount decreases, and the iron mouth diameter decreases; When ΔV iron Greater than 0 and decreasing, ΔV slag Less than 0 and increasing in value, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the second preset height interval, the central coke is supplemented, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to decrease, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the enrichment amount increases, and the iron mouth diameter remains unchanged; When ΔV iron Greater than 0 and decreasing, ΔV slagLess than 0 and increasing in value, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the third preset height interval, the central coke is supplemented, the coke batch weight and the ore batch weight are controlled to remain unchanged, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the enrichment amount increases, and the iron mouth diameter remains unchanged.

[0013] Preferably, according to ΔH, ΔV iron , ΔV slag The steps of adjusting the central coke quantity, coke batch weight, ore batch weight, wind speed, nutrient enrichment, coal injection quantity and taphole diameter of the blast furnace based on the slag iron surplus trend and the current blast furnace utilization coefficient include: When ΔV iron Between 0 and ΔV slag The range between 0 and 0 is less than the preset range, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the first preset height interval, the central coke is reduced, the coke batch weight and the ore batch weight are controlled to increase, the total coke weight entering the furnace is reduced, and the nutrient enrichment is increased; When ΔV iron Between 0 and ΔV slag The range between 0 and 0 is less than the preset range, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the second preset height interval, the central coke is reduced, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to increase, the total coke weight entering the furnace is reduced, the nutrient enrichment is increased, and the coal injection amount is increased; When ΔV iron Between 0 and ΔV slag The range between 0 and 0 is less than the preset range, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the third preset height interval, the central coke is reduced, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to increase, the total coke weight entering the furnace is reduced, the enrichment amount is increased, and the coal injection amount is increased.

[0014] Preferably, according to ΔH, ΔV iron , ΔV slag The steps of adjusting the central coke quantity, coke batch weight, ore batch weight, wind speed, nutrient enrichment, coal injection quantity and taphole diameter of the blast furnace based on the slag iron surplus trend and the current blast furnace utilization coefficient include: When ΔV iron Between 0 and ΔV slag The range between 0 and 0 is less than the preset range, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is less than or equal to 1.8t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the first preset height interval, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to decrease, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the enrichment is stopped, and the iron mouth diameter decreases; When ΔV ironBetween 0 and ΔV slag The range between 0 and 0 is less than the preset range, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is less than or equal to 1.8t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the second preset height interval, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to decrease, the total coke weight entering the furnace is increased, the nutrient enrichment is reduced, the coal injection amount is reduced, and the iron mouth diameter is reduced; When ΔV iron Between 0 and ΔV slag The range between 0 and 0 is less than the preset range, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is less than or equal to 1.8t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the third preset height interval, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to remain unchanged, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the nutrient enrichment amount decreases, and the coal injection amount decreases.

[0015] Preferably, according to ΔH, ΔV iron , ΔV slag The steps of adjusting the central coke quantity, coke batch weight, ore batch weight, wind speed, nutrient enrichment, coal injection quantity and taphole diameter of the blast furnace based on the slag iron surplus trend and the current blast furnace utilization coefficient include: When ΔV iron and ΔV slag All are less than 0, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is less than or equal to 1.8t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the first preset height interval, the amount of central coke added is controlled to remain unchanged, the coke batch weight is reduced, the enrichment amount is increased, the coal injection amount is increased, and the iron mouth diameter is reduced; When ΔV iron and ΔV slag All are less than 0, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is less than or equal to 1.8t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the second preset height interval, the amount of central coke added is reduced, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to increase, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the amount of enrichment increases, the amount of coal injection increases, and the iron mouth diameter increases; When ΔV iron and ΔV slag All are less than 0, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is less than or equal to 1.8t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the third preset height interval, the amount of central coke added is reduced, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to increase, the total coke weight entering the furnace is reduced, the enrichment amount is increased, the coal injection amount is increased, and the iron mouth diameter is increased.

[0016] The blast furnace condition control method based on the judgment of the dead coke column state of the furnace cylinder proposed by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. By measuring and analyzing the temperature change law of the side wall of the furnace under the iron mouth, the liquid storage capacity of the dead coke column in the furnace is judged, and then by calculating the dynamic balance of the blast furnace charging and the discharged slag iron, the porosity, temperature, liquid permeability and volume change trend of the dead coke column in the furnace are analyzed, so as to improve the activity and reserve of the liquid molten iron in the lower part of the furnace, achieve the purpose of stabilizing the blast furnace condition, and ensure the stable and smooth operation of the blast furnace; 2. According to the main index parameters of the blast furnace, the liquid storage range of the furnace under the iron mouth, and the slag-iron balance, the blast furnace is guided to form a corresponding adjustment plan, and the adjustment plan is reasonable and easy to operate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a blast furnace condition control method based on the judgment of the dead coke column state of the hearth.

[0018] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0020] Reference Figure 1 The present invention proposes a blast furnace condition control method based on the judgment of the dead coke column state of the furnace cylinder, comprising the following steps: Step S1, obtaining daily temperature data of a plurality of temperature measuring couples at a preset height interval below the iron mouth of the blast furnace hearth; Step S2, judging the height interval where the furnace hearth temperature fluctuates frequently based on the daily temperature data of the thermocouples for a preset number of consecutive days, and determining the height range ΔH of the current blast furnace hearth storing circulating molten iron; Step S3, calculating the volume difference V of the accumulated molten iron in the furnace according to the amount and composition of the blast furnace charge, the slag and iron tapping conditions of the blast furnace iron , accumulated slag liquid volume ΔV slag and the trend of slag iron surplus; Step S4, according to △H, V iron , ΔV slag , slag and iron surplus trend and current blast furnace utilization coefficient to adjust the blast furnace's central coke amount, coke batch weight, ore batch weight, wind speed, nutrient enrichment, coal injection amount and iron mouth diameter.

[0021] Specifically, in step S1, in the step of judging the height interval in which the furnace temperature fluctuates frequently based on the daily temperature data of the thermocouples for a consecutive preset number of days, based on the daily temperature data of the thermocouples for a consecutive preset number of days, when the temperature fluctuation of a certain elevation thermocouple exceeds 20°C within a consecutive preset number of days, it means that the height corresponding to this certain elevation thermocouple is the main storage position range of the active molten iron in the current furnace, and △H includes the height corresponding to this elevation thermocouple.

[0022] In step S4, according to ΔH, V iron , ΔV slag The steps of adjusting the central coke quantity, coke batch weight, ore batch weight, wind speed, nutrient enrichment, coal injection quantity and taphole diameter of the blast furnace based on the slag iron surplus trend and the current blast furnace utilization coefficient include: When △H is in the first preset height range, the blast furnace utilization coefficient is controlled to be 2.0~2.2t / m 3 .d. Supplement central coke, control the increase of coke batch weight and ore batch weight, and control the increase of nutrient enrichment; When △H is in the second preset height range, the blast furnace utilization factor is controlled to be 2.2~2.4t / m 3 .d, supplement the central coke, control the increase of coke batch weight and ore batch weight, increase the coal injection amount, control the increase of nutrient enrichment, and increase the iron mouth diameter; When △H is in the third preset height range, the blast furnace utilization factor is controlled to be 2.4~2.6t / m 3 .d. Supplement central coke, control the increase in coke batch weight and ore batch weight, increase the amount of coal injection, control the increase in nutrient enrichment, and increase the iron mouth diameter.

[0023] It should be noted that the third preset height interval>the second preset height interval>the first preset height interval.

[0024] In step S4, according to ΔH, V iron , ΔV slag The steps of adjusting the central coke quantity, coke batch weight, ore batch weight, wind speed, nutrient enrichment, coal injection quantity and taphole diameter of the blast furnace based on the slag iron surplus trend and the current blast furnace utilization coefficient include: When ΔV iron and ΔV slag All are greater than 0, the slag iron surplus trend is decreasing or stable, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2.0t / m 3 .d, and when △H is in the first preset height range, the blast furnace utilization coefficient is controlled to be 2.0~2.2t / m 3 .d. Supplement central coke and control the batch weight of coke, batch weight of ore and nutrient enrichment to remain unchanged; When ΔV iron and ΔV slagAll are greater than 0, the slag iron surplus trend is decreasing or stable, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2.0t / m 3 .d, and when △H is in the second preset height range, the blast furnace utilization coefficient is controlled to be 2.2~2.4t / m 3 .d, supplement the central coke, control the increase of coke batch weight and ore batch weight, control the increase of nutrient enrichment, increase of coal injection volume, and increase of iron mouth diameter; When ΔV iron and ΔV slag All are greater than 0, the slag iron surplus trend is decreasing or stable, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2.0t / m 3 .d, and when △H is in the third preset height range, the blast furnace utilization coefficient is controlled to be 2.4~2.6t / m 3 .d. Control the increase of coke batch weight and ore batch weight, increase the total coke weight entering the furnace, control the increase of nutrient enrichment, increase of coal injection amount, and increase of iron mouth diameter.

[0025] In step S4, according to ΔH, ΔV iron , ΔV slag The steps of adjusting the central coke quantity, coke batch weight, ore batch weight, wind speed, nutrient enrichment, coal injection quantity and taphole diameter of the blast furnace based on the slag iron surplus trend and the current blast furnace utilization coefficient include: When ΔV iron and ΔV slag All are greater than 0, the slag and iron discharge is reduced and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 1.8t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the first preset height interval, central coke is added, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to decrease, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the coal injection amount decreases, the iron mouth diameter decreases, and oxygen enrichment is stopped; When ΔV iron and ΔV slag When both are greater than 0, the slag and iron discharge volume decreases, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 1.8t / m3.d, when △H is in the second preset height interval, central coke is added, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to decrease, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the coal injection volume decreases, the iron mouth diameter decreases, and oxygen enrichment is stopped; When ΔV iron and ΔV slag When both are greater than 0, the slag and iron discharge volume is reduced and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 1.8t / m3.d, when △H is in the third preset height interval, the central coke is supplemented, the coke batch weight and the ore batch weight are controlled to be reduced, the total coke weight entering the furnace is increased, the coal injection volume is reduced, the iron mouth diameter remains unchanged, and the oxygen enrichment is reduced.

[0026] In step S4, according to ΔH, ΔV iron , ΔV slagThe steps of adjusting the central coke quantity, coke batch weight, ore batch weight, wind speed, nutrient enrichment, coal injection quantity and taphole diameter of the blast furnace based on the slag iron surplus trend and the current blast furnace utilization coefficient include: When ΔV iron Greater than 0 and the value range fluctuation is less than the preset range, ΔV slag Less than 0 and the value fluctuation is less than the preset range, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the first preset height interval, the central coke is supplemented, the coke batch weight and the ore batch weight are controlled to decrease, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the enrichment amount increases, and the iron mouth diameter decreases; When ΔV iron Greater than 0 and the value range fluctuation is less than the preset range, ΔV slag Less than 0 and the value fluctuation is less than the preset range, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the second preset height interval, central coke is added, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to remain unchanged, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the enrichment amount increases, and the iron mouth diameter remains unchanged; When ΔV iron Greater than 0 and the value range fluctuation is less than the preset range, ΔV slag Less than 0 and the value fluctuation is less than the preset range, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the third preset height interval, the central coke is supplemented, the coke batch weight and the ore batch weight are controlled to remain unchanged, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the enrichment amount increases, and the iron mouth diameter remains unchanged.

[0027] In step S4, according to ΔH, ΔV iron , ΔV slag The steps of adjusting the central coke quantity, coke batch weight, ore batch weight, wind speed, nutrient enrichment, coal injection quantity and taphole diameter of the blast furnace based on the slag iron surplus trend and the current blast furnace utilization coefficient include: When ΔV iron Greater than 0 and decreasing, ΔV slag Less than 0 and increasing in value, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the first preset height interval, the central coke is supplemented, the coke batch weight and the ore batch weight are controlled to decrease, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the enrichment amount decreases, and the iron mouth diameter decreases; When ΔV iron Greater than 0 and decreasing, ΔV slag Less than 0 and increasing in value, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the second preset height interval, the central coke is supplemented, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to decrease, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the enrichment amount increases, and the iron mouth diameter remains unchanged; When ΔV iron Greater than 0 and decreasing, ΔV slag Less than 0 and increasing in value, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the third preset height interval, the central coke is supplemented, the coke batch weight and the ore batch weight are controlled to remain unchanged, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the enrichment amount increases, and the iron mouth diameter remains unchanged.

[0028] In step S4, according to ΔH, ΔV iron , ΔV slag The steps of adjusting the central coke quantity, coke batch weight, ore batch weight, wind speed, nutrient enrichment, coal injection quantity and taphole diameter of the blast furnace based on the slag iron surplus trend and the current blast furnace utilization coefficient include: When ΔV iron Between 0 and ΔV slag The range between 0 and 0 is less than the preset range, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the first preset height interval, the central coke is reduced, the coke batch weight and the ore batch weight are controlled to increase, the total coke weight entering the furnace is reduced, and the nutrient enrichment is increased; When ΔV iron Between 0 and ΔV slag The range between 0 and 0 is less than the preset range, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the second preset height interval, the central coke is reduced, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to increase, the total coke weight entering the furnace is reduced, the nutrient enrichment is increased, and the coal injection amount is increased; When ΔV iron Between 0 and ΔV slag The range between 0 and 0 is less than the preset range, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the third preset height interval, the central coke is reduced, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to increase, the total coke weight entering the furnace is reduced, the enrichment amount is increased, and the coal injection amount is increased.

[0029] In step S4, according to ΔH, ΔV iron , ΔV slag The steps of adjusting the central coke quantity, coke batch weight, ore batch weight, wind speed, nutrient enrichment, coal injection quantity and taphole diameter of the blast furnace based on the slag iron surplus trend and the current blast furnace utilization coefficient include: When ΔV iron Between 0 and ΔV slag The range between 0 and 0 is less than the preset range, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is less than or equal to 1.8t / m 3.d, when △H is in the first preset height interval, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to decrease, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the enrichment is stopped, and the iron mouth diameter decreases; When ΔV iron Between 0 and ΔV slag The range between 0 and 0 is less than the preset range, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is less than or equal to 1.8t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the second preset height interval, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to decrease, the total coke weight entering the furnace is increased, the nutrient enrichment is reduced, the coal injection amount is reduced, and the iron mouth diameter is reduced; When ΔV iron Between 0 and ΔV slag The range between 0 and 0 is less than the preset range, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is less than or equal to 1.8t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the third preset height interval, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to remain unchanged, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the nutrient enrichment amount decreases, and the coal injection amount decreases.

[0030] In step S4, according to ΔH, ΔV iron , ΔV slag The steps of adjusting the central coke quantity, coke batch weight, ore batch weight, wind speed, nutrient enrichment, coal injection quantity and taphole diameter of the blast furnace based on the slag iron surplus trend and the current blast furnace utilization coefficient include: When ΔV iron and ΔV slag All are less than 0, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is less than or equal to 1.8t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the first preset height interval, the amount of central coke added is controlled to remain unchanged, the coke batch weight is reduced, the enrichment amount is increased, the coal injection amount is increased, and the iron mouth diameter is reduced; When ΔV iron and ΔV slag All are less than 0, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is less than or equal to 1.8t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the second preset height interval, the amount of central coke added is reduced, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to increase, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the amount of enrichment increases, the amount of coal injection increases, and the iron mouth diameter increases; When ΔV iron and ΔV slag All are less than 0, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is less than or equal to 1.8t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the third preset height interval, the amount of central coke added is reduced, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to increase, the total coke weight entering the furnace is reduced, the enrichment amount is increased, the coal injection amount is increased, and the iron mouth diameter is increased.

[0031] The present control method is specifically described below with reference to an embodiment.

[0032] 1. First, collect the daily temperature data of each temperature measuring couple on the side wall of the blast furnace hearth 1.0~3.5m below the iron mouth, and collect the data continuously for more than 15 days to determine the height range where the hearth temperature fluctuates frequently, so as to determine the height range of the current storage circulating molten iron in the blast furnace hearth. The following example illustrates this.

[0033] There are n horizontal circumferential temperature measurement arrangements at 1.0~3.5m below the iron mouth of a blast furnace. There are m temperature measurement points in each circumference. The m temperature points are equally divided into x directions. The average temperature of m / x temperature measurement points in each direction is calculated and recorded as: , , , ;……; , , , , n represents the level of the temperature measurement point, and x represents a certain direction in the circumferential direction.

[0034] Then, the amplitude of the average temperature in each of the four directions within 15 days is counted, and the horizontal height and circumferential position of the temperature fluctuation > 20°C are recorded. When the temperature fluctuation in a certain area of ​​the furnace exceeds 20°C, the main storage position range of the active molten iron in the furnace is determined accordingly.

[0035] 2. Calculate the surplus of slag and iron in the blast furnace hearth according to the amount and composition of blast furnace charge, slag and iron discharge, and evaluate the storage position of molten iron in combination with the method in step S2. iron and the volume of slag liquid ΔV slag The volume change of the dead coke column in the furnace can be determined by the changing trend.

[0036] First, calculate the average hourly iron ore loading amount M of the blast furnace ore , coke quantity M coke , collect the raw materials such as iron, coke, coal powder and other raw materials for testing, and calculate the theoretical iron production M per hour of the current blast furnace according to the iron balance and calcium balance algorithms in the ironmaking calculation manual Fe and theoretical slag yield M slag , and then according to the density of liquid iron ρ iron =7.138t / m 3 and the density of the slag ρ slag =2.7t / m 3 Calculate the theoretical volume V of molten iron formed in the blast furnace per unit time iron1 and slag liquid volume V slag1 .

[0037] Then, the actual iron output of the blast furnace in one day is calculated. iron2 and slag discharge Vslag2 , and then calculate the volume difference of molten iron accumulated in the furnace ΔV iron and the accumulated slag liquid volume ΔV slag ,Right now: ΔV iron =V iron1 -V iron2 (1) ΔV slag =V slag1 -V slag2 (2).

[0038] Finally, according to ΔV iron and ΔV slag Determine the working condition of the dead focus column and propose corresponding operating methods.

[0039] The following are some examples: Known blast furnace: iron ore M is loaded per hour ore =680.4t / h, coke M coke =129.6t / h, coal injection rate 60.23t / h, under the condition of known iron content of charge, according to the blast furnace design manual, V iron1 =434.14t / 7.138t / m 3 =60.82m 3 / h.

[0040] Under the condition that the Ca content of the charge is known, V can be obtained according to the blast furnace design manual. iron2 =128.51t / 2.7t / m 3 =47.59m 3 / h, the actual production is V iron2 =62.31m 3 / h,V slag2 = 48.64m 3 / h, substituting into formula (1) and (2), we get: ΔV iron =+1.49m 3 / h; ΔV slag =1.05m 3 / h.

[0041] 3. Judgment of dead focus column and corresponding adjustment methods Hearth state 1: The output of molten iron and slag from the hearth is in a growth state: ΔV iron >0,ΔV slag >0.

[0042]

[0043]

[0044] The decrease in condition 2 means that during the day, the volume of molten iron and slag produced per hour decreases or tends to be stable compared with the previous hour.

[0045]

[0046] In condition 3, the temperature of slag iron in the dead coke column of the blast furnace is insufficient, the viscosity increases, the molten iron flows slowly in the center and bottom of the furnace, and begins to stagnate or condense, so the theoretical amount of slag iron entering the blast furnace is less than the amount discharged. At this time, ΔV slag >0 mainly stays between the furnace "iron mouth-air mouth", ΔV iron >0 is mainly retained between "iron mouth-furnace bottom". At this time, it is necessary to improve the particle size and temperature of the dead coke column in the furnace, maintain the rapid flow and exchange of the air flow in the center of the furnace and the high-temperature slag and iron, and realize the discharge and renewal of the retained slag and iron.

[0047] (1): Liquid permeability between “iron mouth-air mouth”: ; (3) (2) Liquid permeability between “iron mouth and furnace bottom”: . (4) When η1 and η2 gradually increase, the amount of iron and slag discharged decreases, and the iron tapping time is shortened, indicating that the small particle size of the dead coke column increases and the liquid permeability deteriorates rapidly.

[0048] Condition 3 in the medium to short term means that the hourly discharge of molten iron and slag will be continuously reduced by more than 3% within 8 hours.

[0049] Hearth state 2: The molten iron in the hearth is decreasing and the slag is increasing: ΔV iron >0,ΔV slag <0.

[0050]

[0051] The tendency to stabilize in condition 4 means that the fluctuation range of each adjacent hour within a day does not exceed 5%.

[0052]

[0053] In condition 5, decreasing means that the comparison of values ​​between adjacent hours in a day shows a decreasing trend. Increasing means that the comparison of values ​​between adjacent hours in a day shows a decreasing trend.

[0054]

[0055] Condition 6 being approximately equal to 0 here means that the volume fluctuation range of molten iron or slag is ±1%.

[0056]

[0057] Hearth state 4: The molten iron and slag in the hearth are decreasing, ΔV iron <0,ΔV slag <0, the blast furnace has poor stability and low utilization coefficient.

[0058]

[0059] The present invention mainly judges the main storage range and change trend of liquid iron according to the temperature changes at different heights of the furnace under the iron mouth; then the consumption of the furnace dead coke column, slag iron retention and liquid permeability are judged by calculating the surplus and deficit values ​​of the slag iron above and below the iron mouth of the furnace, and then the position range of the stored liquid iron is combined to judge the state and trend of the entire furnace, and corresponding control measures are proposed accordingly to guide the blast furnace to improve the activity of the furnace dead coke column, and provide a technical method for the stable and high production of the blast furnace.

[0060] The reason why the present invention divides the furnace state 1 into four conditions is that in "condition 1", there is an excess of dead coke columns, and their structure and permeability are developing in a positive direction, the blast furnace production efficiency can be gradually improved, and it is necessary to appropriately supplement the central coke to prevent the excessive consumption of dead coke columns from causing the particle size and permeability to deteriorate. At the same time, it is necessary to increase the amount of charge added and the amount of oxygen enrichment to provide conditions for efficient smelting; increase the amount of coal injection to make up for the heat loss caused by efficient smelting; increase the iron mouth diameter to quickly discharge the slag and iron formed in the furnace during intensive smelting (high utilization coefficient), ensure that the furnace has surplus space to store the formed slag and iron, and judge the development of the furnace liquid storage capacity by calculating the active molten iron level △H.

[0061] "Condition 2" is the development of "Condition 1". The dead coke column consumes a lot and needs to be replenished to ensure its particle size and permeability. At the same time, when its smelting intensity (utilization coefficient) increases, the coal injection amount should be increased to make up for the heat loss caused by high-efficiency smelting; the iron mouth diameter should be increased to quickly discharge the slag and iron formed in the furnace during intensified smelting (high utilization coefficient). The development of the furnace liquid storage capacity is judged by calculating the active molten iron level △H.

[0062] "Condition 3" is the deterioration of the dead coke column in "Condition 2". At this time, due to the large consumption of the dead coke columns in the "tuyere-iron mouth" and "below the iron mouth", the slag iron fills the consumption space. Due to the small coke particle size, the liquid permeability is poor, and the furnace heat is insufficient, resulting in slag iron retention or condensation. It is necessary to increase the central coke replenishment ratio, and increase the wind speed, reduce coal injection, and control the iron output to increase the dead coke column renewal speed and temperature. The furnace slag iron retention ratio can be calculated by formulas (3) and (4), which can be used to guide the blast furnace to evaluate the dead coke column renewal speed and adjustment amount, and then judge whether the furnace has recovered by the furnace active molten iron level △H.

[0063] "Condition 4" and "Condition 5" refer to the accumulation and deterioration of dead coke columns between the "tuyere-iron mouth" of the blast furnace hearth. The deterioration of "Condition 5" is more serious. It is necessary to reduce the smelting intensity in advance, replenish central coke, ensure wind and control the iron-discharging speed to improve the problem of the deterioration of the dead coke column state. The specific adjustment effect needs to be judged based on the active molten iron level △H in the hearth.

[0064] "Condition 6" refers to the situation where the dead coke column reaches a steady state under "Condition 2" or "Condition 1". According to the development of the furnace conditions, appropriate smelting measures are taken to increase smelting intensity and reduce fuel consumption.

[0065] "Condition 7" is the situation after "Condition 6" deteriorates. It is necessary to increase the central coke supplement ratio. At the same time, the wind speed is maintained, coal injection is reduced, and the iron output is controlled to increase the renewal speed, particle size, permeability and furnace temperature of the dead coke column.

[0066] "Condition 8" is an improvement of "Condition 7", and the blast furnace production efficiency can be improved. At this time, the slag iron temperature rises rapidly, and it is necessary to reduce the amount of central coke addition and increase the wind speed to speed up the consumption of enlarged dead coke columns. At the same time, combined with reducing coke, increasing pulverized coal injection, oxygen enrichment and other measures to reduce the adverse effects of the rapid rise in slag iron temperature. The recovery of the furnace cylinder is mainly judged by the active molten iron level △H in the cylinder.

[0067] Take a blast furnace with a capacity of 3200m 3 , poor stability, utilization factor is 1.73m 3 .d, air volume is 4400m / min, oxygen enrichment is 1.5%, ore batch weight is 90t / batch, coke batch weight is 20t / batch, coal injection ratio is 150kg / t Fe, iron mouth diameter is 55mm, and it is judged to be in "case 2" of "condition 7" in "furnace state 3": Now calculate according to step 1: △H=0~2.4m, ΔV slag =-3.4m, ΔV iron =-2.2m.

[0068] Adjust as follows according to "Case 2:" in "Condition 7".

[0069] 1. Place 24% of each batch of coke in the center of the blast furnace.

[0070] 2. Reduce the batch weight of ore by 1.1% to 89t, and reduce the batch weight of coke by 1.1% and increase it by 2.0% to 20.2t.

[0071] 3. The current wind speed is 236m / s, oxygen enrichment is reduced from 1.5% to 0.5%, and coal injection is reduced by 12kg / t Fe to 138kg / tFe.

[0072] 4. The diameter of the iron mouth was changed from 55mm to 3 times of tapping, with the diameter of the 2nd tapping being 55mm and the 1st tapping being 50mm, an average reduction of 3.1%.

[0073] After 6 hours, the blast furnace enters "hearth state 4", "case 2:" in "condition 8", adjust according to the following steps.

[0074] 1. Place 22% of each batch of coke in the center of the blast furnace.

[0075] 2. Increase the ore batch weight by 2.0% to 90.5t, increase the coke batch weight by 2.0% and then decrease it by 2.0%, to 20.2t actually.

[0076] 3. The current wind speed is 244m / s, oxygen enrichment increases from 0.5% to 2%, and the spray increases by 8kg / t Fe to 146kg / t Fe.

[0077] 4. The diameter of the iron mouth is changed from 55mm for the second time and 50mm for the first time every three tappings to 55mm, an average increase of 3.1%.

[0078] After 4 hours, the blast furnace enters "hearth state 3", "case 2:" in "condition 6", adjust according to the following steps.

[0079] 1. Place 19% of each batch of coke in the center of the blast furnace.

[0080] 2. Increase the batch weight of ore by 2.0% to 92.5t, increase the batch weight of coke by 2.0% and then decrease it by 1.0%, to 20.5t in reality.

[0081] 3. The current wind speed is 249m / s, oxygen enrichment increases from 2.0% to 3.0%, and spray increases by 6kg / t Fe to 152kg / t Fe.

[0082] 4. The current utilization coefficient is 2.34t / m3.d. The diameter of the iron mouth has been changed from 55mm to 3 times of tapping, with the diameter of 55m for the 2nd time and 60mm for the 1st time, an average increase of 3.0%.

[0083] After 9 hours, the blast furnace enters "hearth state 1", "case3:" in "condition 2", adjust according to the following steps.

[0084] At this time, the blast furnace utilization coefficient is 2.54t / m 3 .d, calculate ΔV slag =2.1m,Δ Viron =2.7m, when distributing the material, the center coke is (ΔV iron +ΔV slag )×ρ coke ×0.9=(1.7+2.2)×0.55×0.9=1.9t / h supplement.

[0085] 1. Increase the batch weight of ore by 2.0% to 94.5t, increase the batch weight of coke by 2.0% and then by 1.0% to 21.1t.

[0086] 2. PCI increases Fe by 5kg / t, from 152kg / t Fe to 157kg / t Fe.

[0087] 3. Oxygen enrichment increased from 3.0% to 4.0%.

[0088] 4. The diameter of the iron mouth is changed from 55mm for every 3 tappings, 60mm for every 3 tappings, to 60mm for every 3 tappings, 55mm for every 3 tappings, and the diameter of the iron mouth is increased by 2.9%.

[0089] After that, when the blast furnace fuel ratio is 490~510kg / t Fe; the molten iron temperature is 1500℃±10℃; the oxygen enrichment is 3~5%; and the utilization coefficient is 2.5±0.3t / m 3 .d. Adjust according to the normal smelting process.

[0090] The blast furnace condition control method based on the judgment of the dead coke column state of the furnace cylinder proposed by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. By measuring and analyzing the temperature change law of the side wall of the furnace under the iron mouth, the liquid storage capacity of the dead coke column in the furnace is judged, and then by calculating the dynamic balance of the blast furnace charging and the discharged slag iron, the porosity, temperature, liquid permeability and volume change trend of the dead coke column in the furnace are analyzed, so as to improve the activity and reserve of the liquid molten iron in the lower part of the furnace, achieve the purpose of stabilizing the blast furnace condition, and ensure the stable and smooth operation of the blast furnace; 2. According to the main index parameters of the blast furnace, the liquid storage range of the furnace under the iron mouth, and the slag-iron balance, the blast furnace is guided to form a corresponding adjustment plan, and the adjustment plan is reasonable and easy to operate.

[0091] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling blast furnace conditions based on judging the state of dead coke columns in a furnace, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtain daily temperature data of multiple temperature measuring couples at a preset height interval below the iron mouth of the blast furnace hearth; According to the daily temperature data of the thermocouples for a preset number of consecutive days, the height interval in which the furnace hearth temperature fluctuates frequently is determined, and the height range △H of the storage circulation molten iron in the current blast furnace hearth is determined accordingly; According to the amount and composition of blast furnace charge, slag and iron tapping, calculate the volume difference of accumulated molten iron in the furnace ΔV iron , accumulated slag liquid volume ΔV slag and the trend of slag iron surplus; According to △H, ΔV iron , ΔV slag , slag and iron surplus trend and current blast furnace utilization coefficient to adjust the blast furnace's central coke amount, coke batch weight, ore batch weight, wind speed, nutrient enrichment, coal injection amount and iron mouth diameter.

2. The blast furnace condition control method based on the judgment of the dead coke column state of the furnace cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of determining the height interval in which the furnace hearth temperature frequently fluctuates based on the daily temperature data of the thermocouples for a preset number of consecutive days, when the temperature fluctuation of a certain elevation thermocouple exceeds 20°C within a preset number of consecutive days, it indicates that the height corresponding to the certain elevation thermocouple is the main storage position range of the active molten iron in the current furnace hearth, and △H includes the height corresponding to the elevation thermocouple.

3. The blast furnace condition control method based on the judgment of the dead coke column state of the furnace cylinder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: According to △H, V iron , ΔV slag The steps of adjusting the central coke quantity, coke batch weight, ore batch weight, wind speed, nutrient enrichment, coal injection quantity and taphole diameter of the blast furnace based on the slag iron surplus trend and the current blast furnace utilization coefficient include: When △H is in the first preset height range, the blast furnace utilization coefficient is controlled to be 2.0~2.2t / m 3 .d. Supplement central coke, control the increase of coke batch weight and ore batch weight, and control the increase of nutrient enrichment; When △H is in the second preset height range, the blast furnace utilization factor is controlled to be 2.2~2.4t / m 3 .d, supplement the central coke, control the increase of coke batch weight and ore batch weight, increase the coal injection amount, control the increase of nutrient enrichment, and increase the iron mouth diameter; When △H is in the third preset height range, the blast furnace utilization factor is controlled to be 2.4~2.6t / m 3 .d. Supplement central coke, control the increase in coke batch weight and ore batch weight, increase the amount of coal injection, control the increase in nutrient enrichment, and increase the iron mouth diameter.

4. The blast furnace condition control method based on the judgment of the dead coke column state of the furnace cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to △H, V iron , ΔV slag The steps of adjusting the central coke quantity, coke batch weight, ore batch weight, wind speed, nutrient enrichment, coal injection quantity and taphole diameter of the blast furnace based on the slag iron surplus trend and the current blast furnace utilization coefficient include: When ΔV iron and ΔV slag All are greater than 0, the slag iron surplus trend is decreasing or stable, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2.0t / m 3 .d, and when △H is in the first preset height range, the blast furnace utilization coefficient is controlled to be 2.0~2.2t / m 3 .d. Supplement central coke and keep the coke batch weight, ore batch weight and nutrient enrichment unchanged; When ΔV iron and ΔV slag All are greater than 0, the slag iron surplus trend is decreasing or stable, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2.0t / m 3 .d, and when △H is in the second preset height range, the blast furnace utilization coefficient is controlled to be 2.2~2.4t / m 3 .d, supplement the central coke, control the increase of coke batch weight and ore batch weight, control the increase of nutrient enrichment, increase of coal injection volume, and increase of iron mouth diameter; When ΔV iron and ΔV slag All are greater than 0, the slag iron surplus trend is decreasing or stable, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2.0t / m 3 .d, and when △H is in the third preset height range, the blast furnace utilization coefficient is controlled to be 2.4~2.6t / m 3 .d. Control the increase of coke batch weight and ore batch weight, increase the total coke weight entering the furnace, control the increase of nutrient enrichment, increase of coal injection amount, and increase of iron mouth diameter.

5. The blast furnace condition control method based on the judgment of the dead coke column state of the furnace cylinder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: According to △H, ΔV iron , ΔV slag The steps of adjusting the central coke quantity, coke batch weight, ore batch weight, wind speed, nutrient enrichment, coal injection quantity and taphole diameter of the blast furnace based on the slag iron surplus trend and the current blast furnace utilization coefficient include: When ΔV iron and ΔV slag All are greater than 0, the slag and iron discharge is reduced and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 1.8t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the first preset height interval, central coke is added, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to decrease, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the coal injection amount decreases, the iron mouth diameter decreases, and oxygen enrichment is stopped; When ΔV iron and ΔV slag When both are greater than 0, the slag and iron discharge volume decreases, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 1.8t / m3.d, when △H is in the second preset height interval, central coke is added, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to decrease, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the coal injection volume decreases, the iron mouth diameter decreases, and oxygen enrichment is stopped; When ΔV iron and ΔV slag All are greater than 0, the slag and iron discharge is reduced and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 1.8t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the third preset height interval, the central coke is supplemented, the coke batch weight and the ore batch weight are controlled to decrease, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the coal injection amount decreases, the iron mouth diameter remains unchanged, and the oxygen enrichment decreases.

6. The blast furnace condition control method based on the judgment of the dead coke column state of the furnace cylinder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: According to △H, ΔV iron , ΔV slag The steps of adjusting the central coke quantity, coke batch weight, ore batch weight, wind speed, nutrient enrichment, coal injection quantity and taphole diameter of the blast furnace based on the slag iron surplus trend and the current blast furnace utilization coefficient include: When ΔV iron Greater than 0 and the value range fluctuation is less than the preset range, ΔV slag Less than 0 and the value fluctuation is less than the preset range, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the first preset height interval, the central coke is supplemented, the coke batch weight and the ore batch weight are controlled to decrease, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the enrichment amount increases, and the iron mouth diameter decreases; When ΔV iron Greater than 0 and the value range fluctuation is less than the preset range, ΔV slag Less than 0 and the value fluctuation is less than the preset range, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the second preset height interval, central coke is added, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to remain unchanged, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the enrichment amount increases, and the iron mouth diameter remains unchanged; When ΔV iron Greater than 0 and the value range fluctuation is less than the preset range, ΔV slag Less than 0 and the value fluctuation is less than the preset range, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the third preset height interval, the central coke is supplemented, the coke batch weight and the ore batch weight are controlled to remain unchanged, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the enrichment amount increases, and the iron mouth diameter remains unchanged.

7. The blast furnace condition control method based on the judgment of the dead coke column state of the furnace cylinder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: According to △H, ΔV iron , ΔV slag The steps of adjusting the central coke quantity, coke batch weight, ore batch weight, wind speed, nutrient enrichment, coal injection quantity and taphole diameter of the blast furnace based on the slag iron surplus trend and the current blast furnace utilization coefficient include: When ΔV iron Greater than 0 and decreasing in value, ΔV slag Less than 0 and increasing in value, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the first preset height interval, the central coke is supplemented, the coke batch weight and the ore batch weight are controlled to decrease, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the enrichment amount decreases, and the iron mouth diameter decreases; When ΔV iron Greater than 0 and decreasing in value, ΔV slag Less than 0 and increasing in value, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the second preset height interval, the central coke is supplemented, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to decrease, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the enrichment amount increases, and the iron mouth diameter remains unchanged; When ΔV iron Greater than 0 and decreasing in value, ΔV slag Less than 0 and increasing in value, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the third preset height interval, the central coke is supplemented, the coke batch weight and the ore batch weight are controlled to remain unchanged, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the enrichment amount increases, and the iron mouth diameter remains unchanged.

8. The blast furnace condition control method based on the judgment of the dead coke column state of the hearth according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: According to △H, ΔV iron , ΔV slag The steps of adjusting the central coke quantity, coke batch weight, ore batch weight, wind speed, nutrient enrichment, coal injection quantity and taphole diameter of the blast furnace based on the slag iron surplus trend and the current blast furnace utilization coefficient include: When ΔV iron Between 0 and ΔV slag The range between 0 and 0 is less than the preset range, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the first preset height interval, the central coke is reduced, the coke batch weight and the ore batch weight are controlled to increase, the total coke weight entering the furnace is reduced, and the nutrient enrichment is increased; When ΔV iron Between 0 and ΔV slag The range between 0 and 0 is less than the preset range, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the second preset height interval, the central coke is reduced, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to increase, the total coke weight entering the furnace is reduced, the nutrient enrichment is increased, and the coal injection amount is increased; When ΔV iron Between 0 and ΔV slag The range between 0 and 0 is less than the preset range, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is greater than or equal to 2t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the third preset height interval, the central coke is reduced, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to increase, the total coke weight entering the furnace is reduced, the enrichment amount is increased, and the coal injection amount is increased.

9. The method for controlling blast furnace conditions based on judging the state of dead coke columns in the furnace as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: According to △H, ΔV iron , ΔV slag The steps of adjusting the central coke quantity, coke batch weight, ore batch weight, wind speed, nutrient enrichment, coal injection quantity and taphole diameter of the blast furnace based on the slag iron surplus trend and the current blast furnace utilization coefficient include: When ΔV iron Between 0 and ΔV slag The range between 0 and 0 is less than the preset range, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is less than or equal to 1.8t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the first preset height interval, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to decrease, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the enrichment is stopped, and the iron mouth diameter decreases; When ΔV iron Between 0 and ΔV slag The range between 0 and 0 is less than the preset range, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is less than or equal to 1.8t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the second preset height interval, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to decrease, the total coke weight entering the furnace is increased, the nutrient enrichment is reduced, the coal injection amount is reduced, and the iron mouth diameter is reduced; When ΔV iron Between 0 and ΔV slag The range between 0 and 0 is less than the preset range, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is less than or equal to 1.8t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the third preset height interval, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to remain unchanged, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the nutrient enrichment amount decreases, and the coal injection amount decreases.

10. The blast furnace condition control method based on the judgment of the dead coke column state of the furnace cylinder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: According to △H, ΔV iron , ΔV slag The steps of adjusting the central coke quantity, coke batch weight, ore batch weight, wind speed, nutrient enrichment, coal injection quantity and taphole diameter of the blast furnace based on the slag iron surplus trend and the current blast furnace utilization coefficient include: When ΔV iron and ΔV slag All are less than 0, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is less than or equal to 1.8t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the first preset height interval, the amount of central coke added is controlled to remain unchanged, the coke batch weight is reduced, the enrichment amount is increased, the coal injection amount is increased, and the iron mouth diameter is reduced; When ΔV iron and ΔV slag All are less than 0, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is less than or equal to 1.8t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the second preset height interval, the amount of central coke added is reduced, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to increase, the total coke weight entering the furnace increases, the amount of enrichment increases, the amount of coal injection increases, and the iron mouth diameter increases; When ΔV iron and ΔV slag All are less than 0, and the blast furnace utilization coefficient is less than or equal to 1.8t / m 3 .d, when △H is in the third preset height interval, the amount of central coke added is reduced, the coke batch weight and ore batch weight are controlled to increase, the total coke weight entering the furnace is reduced, the enrichment amount is increased, the coal injection amount is increased, and the iron mouth diameter is increased.

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