Omnibearing comprehensive protection system for bridge pier

Abstract

The system comprises an anti-impact device and an anti-high-altitude rockfall assembly, the anti-impact device comprises a U-shaped pile casing, a protective tile and a hinged support, the hinged support is fixedly arranged on the upper portion of the front side face of an abutment base, the U-shaped pile casing is arranged on the pier in a sleeving mode, and the open end of the U-shaped pile casing is located behind the pier. A hinge support extending forwards is arranged at the lower end of the front side of the U-shaped pile casing, the hinge support is rotationally connected with the hinge support through a pin shaft horizontally arranged in the left-right direction, a first anti-collision buffering mechanism is arranged between the protection tile and the U-shaped pile casing, and a second anti-collision buffering mechanism is arranged between the U-shaped pile casing and the pier. The high-altitude rockfall prevention assembly is arranged on the pier and located above the U-shaped pile casing. When the bridge pier is impacted and damaged by a huge amount of flood, debris flow or high-altitude rockfall and the like, multi-stage toughness protection can be provided for the safety of the pier body, the toughness protection capacity of the bridge pier under the action of external damage factors such as debris flow and rockfall and the like is effectively improved, and the safety of a bridge is practically guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy engineering, and in particular relates to an all-round comprehensive protection system for bridge piers. Background Art

[0002] Cross-river roads and bridges in mountainous areas often encounter floods during the summer flood season. In more serious cases, when heavy rains occur, a large amount of debris flow will pour down. Debris flow is a solid-liquid two-phase fluid full of mud, sand and stones. In particular, large stones will have a great impact on bridge piers, directly destroying the pier structure, and in severe cases, causing major safety accidents such as bridge collapse. In addition, if there is a high-altitude rockfall and it hits the pile foundation (pier base) of the bridge pier, it will cause impact damage to the bridge pile, thereby affecting the stability of the bridge pier. Therefore, it is urgent to design and manufacture a comprehensive protection system for bridge piers to deal with such accidents in advance. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an all-round comprehensive protection system for bridge piers which has a compact structure, does not affect water flow, is impact-proof, prevents rockfall, and is safe and reliable.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: an all-round comprehensive protection system for bridge piers, including an anti-impact device and an anti-high-altitude rockfall component, the anti-impact device including a U-shaped casing, a protective tile and a hinged support. With the river water flowing from front to back, the hinged support is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the front side surface of the pier base, the U-shaped casing is sleeved on the bridge pier, the open end of the U-shaped casing is located behind the bridge pier, a hinge bracket extending forward is provided at the lower end of the front side of the U-shaped casing, the hinge bracket is rotatably connected to the hinged support through a pin shaft horizontally arranged along the left and right directions, the protective tile is vertically arranged on the front end surface of the U-shaped casing, a first anti-collision buffer mechanism is provided between the protective tile and the U-shaped casing, a second anti-collision buffer mechanism is provided between the U-shaped casing and the bridge pier, and the anti-high-altitude rockfall component is arranged on the bridge pier and located above the U-shaped casing.

[0005] A wedge-shaped seat is provided on the upper surface of the pier base between the front side of the pier and the rear side of the hinged support. The upper surface of the wedge-shaped seat is a plane with a lower front and a higher rear. A horizontal axis parallel to the pin axis is provided on the hinge bracket. A plurality of arc-shaped base plate springs are rotatably connected to the horizontal axis. Support rollers are rotatably provided at the front and rear ends of the base plate springs, respectively, and the support rollers are in contact with the upper surface of the wedge-shaped seat.

[0006] The U-shaped casing includes a front side plate, a left transition plate, a right transition plate, a left side plate and a right side plate, all of which are vertically arranged. The left side and right side of the front side plate are respectively connected to the front side of the left transition plate and the front side of the right transition plate, the rear side of the left transition plate is connected to the front side of the left plate, the rear side of the right transition plate is connected to the front side of the right plate, the lower end of the front side plate is fixedly connected to the upper side of the rear end of the hinge bracket, a plurality of vertical ribs are provided on the front side surface of the front side plate, and a front support plate parallel to the front side plate is fixedly connected to the front sides of all the vertical ribs, a plurality of left transverse guide ribs are provided on the left sides of the left transition plate and the left side plate, and a plurality of right transverse guide ribs are provided on the right sides of the right transition plate and the right side plate.

[0007] The protective tile is an arc-shaped shell structure with an open rear side. The left and right sides of the protective tile are fixedly connected to the front side plate through a vertically arranged connecting plate and a triangular plate. The first anti-collision buffer mechanism includes several layers of horizontal plates, and a vertical rod is vertically fixed in the middle of all the horizontal plates. Several first buffer plate springs are rotatably connected to the vertical rod. The first buffer plate springs are rotatably provided with first buffer rollers at the left and right ends respectively, and the first buffer rollers are in contact with the front side of the front support plate.

[0008] The second anti-collision buffer mechanism includes several layers of horizontal support frames arranged inside the front side of the U-shaped casing, and three support rods are vertically arranged on the rear side of each layer of horizontal support frames. Several second buffer plate springs are rotatably connected to each support rod, and second buffer rollers are rotatably arranged on the left and right ends of the second buffer plate springs, and all the second buffer rollers are in contact with the outer circle of the cylindrical or track-shaped bridge pier.

[0009] A connection hole is provided at the lower rear end of the left side plate and the right side plate of the U-shaped casing, and the connection hole is flexibly connected to the pier base through a cable.

[0010] The anti-falling rock assembly comprises one or more layers of annular casings which are sleeved on the bridge piers. Each layer of the annular casings is connected by two semi-annular shells of the same structure fixed by bolts.

[0011] Each semi-annular cylindrical shell includes an outer shell with an isosceles trapezoidal cross-section, wherein the two sides of the isosceles trapezoid are the top and the bottom of the outer shell respectively, and the lower bottom of the isosceles trapezoid is butted against the surface of the pier and is open, and a number of isosceles trapezoidal brackets with the same cross-section as the outer shell are evenly arranged inside the outer shell, the upper side of the outer shell is bent upward to form an upper fastening wrapping belt surrounding the outer cylindrical surface of the pier, and the lower side of the outer shell is bent downward to form a lower fastening wrapping belt surrounding the outer cylindrical surface of the pier, and strip connecting plates are provided at both ends of the outer shell, the upper fastening wrapping belt and the lower fastening wrapping belt, and a number of connecting holes for inserting bolts are opened on the strip connecting plate, and the two semi-annular cylindrical shells are butt-jointed and fixedly connected as a whole by bolts passing through correspondingly two groups of contacting strip connecting plates.

[0012] The annular cavity formed between the outer wall of the pier and the outer shell is filled with coarse sand or foaming agent, and a filling port is provided at the top of the outer shell.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) While providing multiple protections to the front and sides of the bridge pier, the water blocking section is not increased, and the water flow can be adjusted to prevent disturbance and scouring damage. While providing tough protection to the bridge pier, the present invention is also a tough structure as a whole. The anti-collision tiles and transverse guide ribs can be replaced or repaired after being damaged.

[0014] (2) The support roller of the base plate spring contacts the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped seat, which is low in front and high in the back, and is a tough buffer structure between the U-shaped casing and the pier base.

[0015] (3) The anti-collision tile is located at the front end of the U-shaped casing. Several layers of horizontal plates are fixed in the vertical direction inside to provide support for the anti-collision tile. Vertical rods and several first buffer plate springs are arranged behind the horizontal plates to achieve good anti-collision and buffering effects. The anti-collision tile has two functions: diverting water flow to improve the waterlogging state of the bridge pier; anti-collision and buffering, which is the first protective barrier of the entire protective structure.

[0016] (4) The U-shaped casing is welded with multiple stainless steel plates, including the front side plate, left transition plate, right transition plate, left side plate and right side plate. The vertical rib plate and front support plate are not only used to strengthen the front side plate, but also provide support for the first buffer leaf spring. Several layers of horizontal support frames play a role in strengthening the strength of the U-shaped casing and provide installation positions for the second buffer leaf spring, so that the second buffer leaf spring embraces the outer circle of the pier, which is a tough buffer structure between the U-shaped casing and the pier.

[0017] (5) The left transverse guide rib and the right transverse guide rib are respectively fixed on the outer surface of the U-shaped casing wall and are arranged from front to back along the outer side of the U-shaped casing. They have the following functions: during the side impact damage process, the deformation of the protective ribs can play an effective buffering and protective role for the pier body; and they can smooth the water flow and prevent the water flow from being disturbed and washed away.

[0018] (6) The hinged support is fixed to the front end face of the pier base, the hinged support at the bottom of the front end of the U-shaped casing is connected to the hinged support through a pin shaft, and the lower rear end of the U-shaped casing is flexibly connected to the pier base through a cable to position the U-shaped casing. The entire structure of the present invention is like a boot for the bridge pier. When the front of the protective structure is hit, it will rotate backward and downward with the hinge shaft as the fulcrum, thereby triggering the base leaf spring, the first buffer leaf spring and the second buffer leaf spring of the leaf spring to produce a linkage buffering reaction.

[0019] (7) An anti-rockfall assembly is installed on the bridge pier. The anti-rockfall assembly uses multiple layers of annular casings connected in series and sleeved on the bridge pier. Each layer of annular casing is composed of two semi-annular shells connected as a whole by a number of bolts. The bolts are tightened so that the upper tightening wrapping belt and the lower tightening wrapping belt tighten the outer surface of the bridge pier. The bridge pier gradually becomes thicker from top to bottom, so that the anti-rockfall assembly can be fixed at a specified height to prevent it from sliding down. A filling port is opened at the top of the shell to fill the annular cavity inside the shell with coarse sand or foaming material. It is preferred to fill the coarse sand and fill it tightly. When the uppermost shell is impacted by falling rocks from top to bottom, the anti-rockfall assembly first acts as a buffer for the falling rocks; the impact force is transmitted to the coarse sand inside the shell. When the coarse sand is impacted, the sand particles are squeezed and rubbed against each other. This process consumes a lot of energy, preventing the shell from being severely damaged, thereby reducing the impact on the bridge pier, and at the same time protecting the U-shaped casing, protective tiles and other components from being hit by falling rocks.

[0020] (8) The cross-section of the shell adopts an isosceles trapezoid, which not only has a certain cavity capacity, but also has a sloped top surface, which facilitates the sliding of fallen rocks. The isosceles trapezoidal bracket inside the shell plays a role in supporting the shell and ensuring the overall strength of the annular casing.

[0021] In summary, in the face of impact damage such as massive floods, debris flows or falling rocks, the elastic deformation of the protective tiles, base plate springs, first buffer plate springs and second buffer plate springs and the destructive deformation of the U-shaped casing structure can provide multi-level toughness protection for the safety of the pier body. The present invention effectively improves the toughness protection ability of the pier under the action of external destructive factors such as debris flows and falling rocks without increasing the water-blocking section of the pier, and effectively ensures the safety of the bridge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a semi-annular shell; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the front side of the anti-impact device; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rear side of the anti-impact device; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the hinged support and the wedge-shaped seat on the pier base; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the U-shaped casing; Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the protective tile and the first anti-collision buffer mechanism; Figure 8 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the second anti-collision buffer mechanism and the front side surface of the wedge-shaped seat; Fig. 9It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rear side of the second anti-collision buffer mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0024] like Figure 1-Figure 9 As shown, the all-round integrated protection system for bridge piers of the present invention includes an anti-impact device and an anti-high-altitude rockfall component. The anti-impact device includes a U-shaped casing 1, a protective tile 2, and an articulated support 3. With the river water flowing from front to back, the articulated support 3 is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the front side surface of the pier base 4. The U-shaped casing 1 is sleeved on the pier 5. The open end of the U-shaped casing 1 is located behind the pier 5. A hinge bracket 6 extending forward is provided at the lower end of the front side of the U-shaped casing 1. The hinge bracket 6 is rotatably connected to the articulated support 3 through a pin shaft 7 horizontally arranged along the left and right directions. The protective tile 2 is vertically arranged on the front end surface of the U-shaped casing 1. A first anti-collision buffer mechanism 8 is provided between the protective tile 2 and the U-shaped casing 1. A second anti-collision buffer mechanism 9 is provided between the U-shaped casing 1 and the pier 5. The anti-high-altitude rockfall component is arranged on the pier 5 and is located above the U-shaped casing 1.

[0025] A wedge-shaped seat 10 is provided on the upper surface of the pier base 4 between the front side of the pier 5 and the rear side of the hinged support 3. The upper surface of the wedge-shaped seat 10 is a plane with a lower front and a higher rear. A transverse axis 11 parallel to the pin shaft 7 is provided on the hinge bracket 6. A plurality of arc-shaped base leaf springs 12 are rotatably connected to the transverse axis 11. Support rollers 13 are rotatably provided at the front and rear ends of the base leaf springs 12, respectively. The support rollers 13 are in contact with the upper surface of the wedge-shaped seat 10.

[0026] The U-shaped casing 1 includes a front side plate 14, a left transition plate 15, a right transition plate 16, a left side plate 17 and a right side plate 18, which are all vertically arranged. The left side and the right side of the front side plate 14 are respectively connected to the front side of the left transition plate 15 and the front side of the right transition plate 16, the rear side of the left transition plate 15 is connected to the front side of the left side plate 17, and the rear side of the right transition plate 16 is connected to the front side of the right side plate 18. The lower end of the front side plate 14 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the rear end of the hinge bracket 6, and a plurality of vertical ribs 19 are provided on the front side of the front side plate 14. A front support plate 20 parallel to the front side plate 14 is fixedly connected to the front side of all the vertical ribs 19. A plurality of left transverse guide ribs 21 are provided on the left side surfaces of the left transition plate 15 and the left side plate 17, and a plurality of right transverse guide ribs 22 are provided on the right side surfaces of the right transition plate 16 and the right side plate 18.

[0027] The protective tile 2 is an arc-shaped shell structure with an open rear side. The left and right sides of the protective tile 2 are fixedly connected to the front side plate 14 through a vertically arranged connecting plate 23 and a triangular plate 24; the first anti-collision buffer mechanism 8 includes several layers of horizontal plates 25, and a vertical rod 26 is vertically fixed in the middle of all horizontal plates 25. Several first buffer leaf springs 27 are rotatably connected to the vertical rod 26. The left and right ends of the first buffer leaf spring 27 are respectively rotatably provided with first buffer rollers 28, and the first buffer rollers 28 are in contact with the front side of the front support plate 20.

[0028] The second anti-collision buffer mechanism 9 includes several layers of horizontal support frames 29 arranged inside the front side of the U-shaped casing 1, and three support rods 30 are vertically arranged on the rear side of each layer of horizontal support frames 29. Several second buffer leaf springs 31 are rotatably connected to each support rod 30. Second buffer rollers 32 are rotatably arranged on the left and right ends of the second buffer leaf springs 31, and all the second buffer rollers 32 are in contact with the outer circle of the cylindrical or track-shaped bridge pier 5.

[0029] A connection hole 33 is provided at the lower rear end of the left side plate 17 and the right side plate 18 of the U-shaped casing 1. The connection hole 33 is flexibly connected to the pier base 4 via a cable.

[0030] The anti-falling rock assembly comprises more than two layers of annular casings 34, which are sleeved on the bridge piers. Each layer of the annular casing 34 is fixedly connected by two semi-annular shells with the same structure through bolts.

[0031] Each semi-annular cylindrical shell includes an outer shell 35 with an isosceles trapezoidal cross section, the two sides of the isosceles trapezoid are the top and the bottom of the outer shell 35 respectively, the lower bottom of the isosceles trapezoid is butted against the surface of the pier 5 and is open, a plurality of isosceles trapezoidal brackets 36 with the same cross section as the outer shell 35 are evenly arranged inside the outer shell 35, the upper side of the outer shell 35 is bent upward to form an upper fastening wrapping belt 37 surrounding the outer circumferential surface of the pier 5, and the lower side of the outer shell 35 is bent downward to form a lower fastening wrapping belt 38 surrounding the outer circumferential surface of the pier 5, strip connecting plates 39 are provided at both ends of the outer shell 35, and a plurality of connecting holes 40 for passing bolts are opened on the strip connecting plate 39, and the two semi-annular cylindrical shells are butted against each other and fixedly connected as a whole by bolts passing through the corresponding two groups of contacting strip connecting plates 39.

[0032] The annular cavity formed between the outer wall of the pier and the outer shell 35 is filled with coarse sand or a foaming agent, preferably coarse sand. A filling port 41 is provided at the top of the outer shell 35 .

[0033] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: under the impact of flood or debris flow, the anti-collision tile first performs tough deformation protection, and then the impact drives the U-shaped casing 1 to move downward and backward with the pin shaft 7 of the hinged support 3 as the center line, successively driving the base plate spring 12, the second buffer plate spring 31 and the second buffer plate spring 31 to undergo tough deformation, generating reverse thrust, offsetting the impact of the debris flow on the bridge pier 5, thereby achieving a good anti-impact protection effect. When the uppermost shell 35 is impacted from top to bottom by falling rocks, the anti-high-altitude rockfall assembly first buffers the falling rocks; the impact force is transmitted to the coarse sand inside the shell 35, and the coarse sand is impacted, and the sand particles are squeezed and rubbed against each other. This process consumes a lot of energy, avoiding the shell 35 from being severely damaged, thereby reducing the impact on the bridge pier, and also protecting the U-shaped casing 1, the protective tile 2 and other components from being hit by the falling rocks.

[0034] The above embodiments illustrate the basic principles and features of the present invention, but the above only illustrates the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not limited to the embodiments. Under the inspiration of this patent, a person skilled in the art can make many forms of deformation and improvement without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims, which are all within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the patent and protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. The all-round comprehensive protection system for bridge piers is characterized by: It includes an anti-impact device and an anti-high-altitude rockfall component. The anti-impact device includes a U-shaped casing, a protective tile and a hinged support. With the river water flowing from front to back, the hinged support is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the front side surface of the pier base. The U-shaped casing is sleeved on the pier. The open end of the U-shaped casing is located behind the pier. A hinge bracket extending forward is provided at the lower front end of the U-shaped casing. The hinge bracket is rotatably connected to the hinged support through a pin shaft horizontally arranged along the left and right directions. The protective tile is vertically arranged on the front end surface of the U-shaped casing. A first anti-collision buffer mechanism is provided between the protective tile and the U-shaped casing. A second anti-collision buffer mechanism is provided between the U-shaped casing and the pier. The anti-high-altitude rockfall component is arranged on the pier and located above the U-shaped casing.

2. The all-round comprehensive protection system for bridge piers according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A wedge-shaped seat is provided on the upper surface of the pier base between the front side of the pier and the rear side of the hinged support. The upper surface of the wedge-shaped seat is a plane with a lower front and a higher rear. A horizontal axis parallel to the pin axis is provided on the hinge bracket. A plurality of arc-shaped base plate springs are rotatably connected to the horizontal axis. Support rollers are rotatably provided at the front and rear ends of the base plate springs, respectively, and the support rollers are in contact with the upper surface of the wedge-shaped seat.

3. The all-round comprehensive protection system for bridge piers according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The U-shaped casing includes a front side plate, a left transition plate, a right transition plate, a left side plate and a right side plate, all of which are vertically arranged. The left side and right side of the front side plate are respectively connected to the front side of the left transition plate and the front side of the right transition plate, the rear side of the left transition plate is connected to the front side of the left plate, the rear side of the right transition plate is connected to the front side of the right plate, the lower end of the front side plate is fixedly connected to the upper side of the rear end of the hinge bracket, a plurality of vertical ribs are provided on the front side surface of the front side plate, and a front support plate parallel to the front side plate is fixedly connected to the front sides of all the vertical ribs, a plurality of left transverse guide ribs are provided on the left sides of the left transition plate and the left side plate, and a plurality of right transverse guide ribs are provided on the right sides of the right transition plate and the right side plate.

4. The all-round comprehensive protection system for bridge piers according to claim 3 is characterized by: The protective tile is an arc-shaped shell structure with an open rear side. The left and right sides of the protective tile are fixedly connected to the front side plate through a vertically arranged connecting plate and a triangular plate. The first anti-collision buffer mechanism includes several layers of horizontal plates, and a vertical rod is vertically fixed in the middle of all the horizontal plates. Several first buffer plate springs are rotatably connected to the vertical rod. The first buffer plate springs are rotatably provided with first buffer rollers at the left and right ends respectively, and the first buffer rollers are in contact with the front side of the front support plate.

5. The omnidirectional integrated protection system for bridge piers according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The second anti-collision buffer mechanism includes several layers of horizontal support frames arranged inside the front side of the U-shaped casing, and three support rods are vertically arranged on the rear side of each layer of horizontal support frames. Several second buffer plate springs are rotatably connected to each support rod, and second buffer rollers are rotatably arranged on the left and right ends of the second buffer plate springs, and all the second buffer rollers are in contact with the outer circle of the cylindrical or track-shaped bridge pier.

6. The all-round integrated protection system for bridge piers according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: A connection hole is provided at the lower rear end of the left side plate and the right side plate of the U-shaped casing, and the connection hole is flexibly connected to the pier base through a cable.

7. The omnidirectional integrated protection system for bridge piers according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The anti-falling rock assembly comprises one or more layers of annular casings which are sleeved on the bridge piers. Each layer of the annular casings is connected by two semi-annular shells of the same structure fixed by bolts.

8. The all-round comprehensive protection system for bridge piers according to claim 7 is characterized in that: Each semi-annular cylindrical shell includes an outer shell with an isosceles trapezoidal cross-section, wherein the two sides of the isosceles trapezoid are the top and the bottom of the outer shell respectively, and the lower bottom of the isosceles trapezoid is butted against the surface of the pier and is open, and a number of isosceles trapezoidal brackets with the same cross-section as the outer shell are evenly arranged inside the outer shell, the upper side of the outer shell is bent upward to form an upper fastening wrapping belt surrounding the outer cylindrical surface of the pier, and the lower side of the outer shell is bent downward to form a lower fastening wrapping belt surrounding the outer cylindrical surface of the pier, and strip connecting plates are provided at both ends of the outer shell, the upper fastening wrapping belt and the lower fastening wrapping belt, and a number of connecting holes for inserting bolts are opened on the strip connecting plate, and the two semi-annular cylindrical shells are butt-jointed and fixedly connected as a whole by bolts passing through correspondingly two groups of contacting strip connecting plates.

9. The all-round comprehensive protection system for bridge piers according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The annular cavity formed between the outer wall of the pier and the outer shell is filled with coarse sand or foaming agent, and a filling port is provided at the top of the outer shell.

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