Intelligent regulation and control method for moisture content of earthen archaeological site

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of cultural relic protection, and particularly relates to an intelligent regulation and control method for the moisture content of an earthen archaeological site. The method comprises the steps that a precipitation well is dug near the earthen ruins, and a water suction pump is arranged in the precipitation well; then adjusting the underground water level of the earthen ruin according to the following steps: (1) acquiring underground water level data near the earthen ruin; (2) judging whether the underground water level is higher than a set limit value according to the underground water level data; and (3) when the underground water level is higher than the underground water level limit value, a water pump in the dewatering well starts a water pumping mode until the underground water level data reach the underground water level limit value. In order to ensure that the moisture content of the earthen archaeological site is stabilized at a certain numerical value, on one hand, when the moisture content is too high, the underground water level is intelligently controlled, then capillary water is controlled to rise, and a water source is cut off from the source, and on the other hand, when the moisture content is too low, moisture evaporation in the earthen archaeological site is effectively relieved by spraying a magnesium acrylate solution with a specific concentration; the constancy of the moisture content of the earthen ruins is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of cultural relics protection, and specifically relates to an intelligent control method for moisture content of earthen ruins. Background Art

[0002] Since immovable cultural relics are mostly in open-air or semi-open-air environments, they are often severely damaged by natural disasters and even face the risk of destruction.

[0003] For important, outdoor, immovable earthen sites, the current commonly used protection method in China is to build a "protective cover" to form a closed space, thereby effectively reducing the impact of rainfall on the earthen sites. For closed earthen sites, such as the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of the Qin Shihuang Mausoleum and the Kaifeng Zhouqiao Site, the biggest hazard is groundwater: the height of the groundwater level will affect the moisture content in the earthen sites. Too high or too low a moisture content will have adverse effects, and alternating high and low moisture content will cause a series of problems such as cracking of the earthen sites. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an effective method to regulate the moisture content of earthen sites so that the moisture content of the earthen sites remains constant, thereby better protecting the earthen sites. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems and shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for intelligently controlling the moisture content of earthen ruins.

[0005] Based on the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] In the first aspect, the present invention provides an intelligent control method for the moisture content of earthen ruins, wherein a precipitation well is dug near the earthen ruins, and a water pump is arranged in the precipitation well; then the groundwater level of the earthen ruins is adjusted according to the following steps:

[0007] (1) Obtain groundwater level data near earthen sites;

[0008] (2) judging whether the groundwater level is higher than the set limit based on the groundwater level data;

[0009] (3) When the groundwater level is higher than the groundwater level limit, the water pump in the precipitation well starts the pumping mode until the groundwater level data reaches the groundwater level limit.

[0010] Preferably, the precipitation wells are provided in a plurality, distributed in a circular distribution zone around the earthen site at a distance of 2.5 to 3 meters from the edge of the earthen site; the depth of the precipitation wells is 15 to 18 meters, and the spacing is 1.5 to 2 meters. Furthermore, the bottom of the precipitation wells is filled with gravel.

[0011] Preferably, the groundwater level data in step (1) is obtained by digging observation wells near the earthen site and installing static pressure sensors in the observation wells. Observation wells are dug at the four corners of the precipitation well distribution zone, and the depth of the observation wells is the same as that of the precipitation wells.

[0012] Preferably, the groundwater level limit in step (2) is 3 to 5 m above the underground impermeable layer.

[0013] Furthermore, the method for intelligently controlling the moisture content of earthen ruins also includes the following steps:

[0014] S1. Obtain the moisture content data in the earthen ruins;

[0015] S2. Determine whether the moisture content of the earthen ruins is lower than the set limit based on the moisture content data;

[0016] S3. When the moisture content of the earthen site is lower than the moisture content limit, the spraying device on the earthen site starts to spray magnesium acrylate solution until the surface of the earthen site is completely wet. In the short term, the solvent water in the magnesium acrylate solution will replenish water for the earthen site and play a role in increasing the moisture content; in the long term, the magnesium acrylate sprayed on the surface of the earthen site will form a protective film to prevent excessive evaporation of groundwater, thereby achieving the purpose of maintaining a relatively stable moisture content of the earthen site.

[0017] Preferably, the moisture content data in S1 is obtained through a humidity sensor pre-buried in the lower part of the earthen site, and further, the depth of the buried humidity sensor is 0.3-0.8m.

[0018] Preferably, the moisture content limit of the earthen ruins described in S2 is 18wt% to 25wt%.

[0019] Preferably, the concentration of the magnesium acrylate solution in S3 is 25wt% to 35wt%.

[0020] Furthermore, a water-stop curtain is set around the earthen site, and observation wells and drainage wells are distributed on the inner side of the water-stop curtain and between the water-stop curtain and the earthen site. Furthermore, the method for pouring the water-stop curtain is as follows: a shovel with a hollow steel pipe handle is hammered into the soil, and a 30wt% magnesium acrylate solution is poured into the top of the hollow steel pipe. Then, the shovel is lifted to a certain height, and the magnesium acrylate solution is continued to be poured, and this step is repeated until a circle of water-stop curtain is formed around the earthen site. Furthermore, the water-stop curtain is set at 3.5 to 4m from the edge of the earthen site, with a depth of 15 to 18m.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an intelligent control device for moisture content of earthen ruins, comprising:

[0022] Electronic equipment, a static pressure sensor for obtaining groundwater level data of the earthen site, a water pump arranged in the precipitation well, and a control module electrically connected to the water pump;

[0023] The static pressure sensor is connected to the electronic device by signal, and the control module is connected to the electronic device by signal; the electronic device includes a memory and a processor, the memory is used to store instructions, and the processor is used to call the instructions stored in the memory to execute the following steps:

[0024] (1) Obtain groundwater level data near earthen sites;

[0025] (2) judging whether the groundwater level is higher than the set limit based on the groundwater level data;

[0026] (3) When the groundwater level is higher than the groundwater level limit, a signal is sent to the control module to start the water pump. When the groundwater level reaches the groundwater level limit, a signal is sent to the control module to shut down the water pump.

[0027] Furthermore, the device also includes:

[0028] A humidity sensor pre-buried in the lower part of the earthen site, a spraying device arranged on the upper part of the earthen site, a magnesium acrylate solution storage tank connected to the spraying device, and a control module connected to the spraying device;

[0029] The humidity sensor is connected to the electronic device by signal, and the control module is connected to the electronic device by signal; the electronic device also stores instructions, and when the instructions are called by the processor, the following operations are performed:

[0030] S1. Obtain the moisture content data in the earthen ruins;

[0031] S2. Determine whether the moisture content of the earthen ruins is lower than the set limit based on the moisture content data;

[0032] S3. When the moisture content of the earthen ruins is lower than the moisture content limit, a signal is sent to the control module to start the spraying device, and the magnesium acrylate solution is sprayed until the surface of the earthen ruins is completely wet.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. In order to ensure that the moisture content of the earthen ruins is stable at a certain value, the present invention, on the one hand, intelligently controls the groundwater level when the moisture content is too high, thereby controlling the rise of capillary water and cutting off the water source from the source; on the other hand, when the moisture content is too low, a magnesium acrylate solution of a specific concentration is sprayed to effectively alleviate the evaporation of water inside the earthen ruins, so as to ensure the constant moisture content of the earthen ruins.

[0035] 2. The present invention provides a new method for forming a water-stop curtain. A water-stop curtain of magnesium acrylate solution with a specific concentration is set around the earthen ruins, which can effectively block the infiltration of external groundwater.

[0036] 3. The intelligent method for controlling the moisture content of earthen ruins provided by the present invention realizes automatic control of the entire process through intelligent sensors and a cloud data processing center. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent soil site moisture content control system;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a water-stop curtain;

[0039] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a shovel with a handle made of a hollow steel tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer and more specific, the present invention is further described in detail by examples below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0041] Example 1 Screening of magnesium acrylate solution concentration

[0042] Add magnesium acrylate powder to a beaker filled with distilled water, stir with a glass rod at room temperature and 40°C to prepare magnesium acrylate solutions with concentrations of 20wt%, 25wt%, 30wt%, 35wt%, and 40wt%, respectively. Pour the prepared magnesium acrylate solutions of various concentrations into a ring cutter, polymerize the solution in the ring cutter to form a gel, and after standing for 1 day, install the ring cutter containing the gel into a permeation container, and start the variable pressure water head permeation test method to conduct a permeation experiment.

[0043] The permeability coefficient is an important factor in judging whether the waterproof effect of magnesium acrylate is good. The standard for testing the permeability coefficient is carried out according to the permeability test method in GB / T50123-1999 "Standard for Geotechnical Test Methods". The permeability coefficient is calculated according to the following formula:

[0044]

[0045] Where: a- cross-sectional area of ​​variable head pipe, cm 2 ; L-seepage diameter, i.e., sample height, cm; H1-starting head, cm; H2-ending head, cm; A-cross-sectional area of ​​the sample, cm 2 ; t1, t2-respectively the start and end time of measuring water head, s; ​​2.3-conversion coefficient of ln and lg;

[0046] The experimental results of testing the permeability coefficient are the median of the test results of 5 specimens. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0047] Table 1 Permeability coefficients of magnesium acrylate at different concentrations

[0048] Magnesium acrylate concentration (wt%) 20 25 30 35 40 Permeability coefficient (cm / s) <![CDATA[7.4x10 -7 ]]> <![CDATA[6.2x10 -7 ]]> <![CDATA[4.3x10 -7 ]]> <![CDATA[3.2x10 -7 ]]> <![CDATA[4.9x10 -8 ]]>

[0049] It can be seen from the experimental data in Table 1 that as the concentration of magnesium acrylate increases, the permeability coefficient gradually decreases, indicating that as the concentration of magnesium acrylate increases, the number of crosslinking points inside the gel gradually increases, and the free movement of water molecules is restricted, resulting in the inability of water molecules to flow freely when entering the gel, and even being absorbed by the gel, thereby achieving a waterproof effect. However, the greater the concentration of the magnesium acrylate solution, the worse its stability, and when the concentration is greater than 30wt%, it is easy to produce self-polymerization. Therefore, the magnesium acrylate solution with a concentration of 30wt% has the best waterproof performance.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] A method for intelligently controlling moisture content of earthen ruins, comprising the following steps:

[0052] (I) Carry out the following construction around the earthen ruins

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, multiple wells were dug around the earthen site at a distance of 2.5 m from the edge of the site to form a circular distribution zone. The well depth was 15 m, and the interval between two adjacent wells was 1.5 m. The wells located at the four corners of the site were identified as observation wells, in which static pressure sensors were installed to obtain groundwater level data. The remaining wells were used as precipitation wells, in which water pumps were installed and the bottoms were filled with gravel.

[0054] Humidity sensors are embedded in the soil near the earthen site, with a depth of 0.5m.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, a 15m deep water-stop curtain is set around the earthen site at a distance of 3.5m from the edge of the earthen site. The observation well and the precipitation well are distributed inside the water-stop curtain, between the water-stop curtain and the earthen site. The pouring method of the water-stop curtain is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, a shovel with a hollow steel pipe handle is hammered into the soil, and a 30wt% magnesium acrylate solution is poured in from the top of the hollow steel pipe. The shovel is then lifted to a certain height, and the magnesium acrylate solution is continued to be poured in. This step is repeated until a circle of water-stopping curtain is formed around the earthen site.

[0056] (II) Configure intelligent control device for moisture content of earthen ruins

[0057] The intelligent control device of this embodiment includes:

[0058] The electronic device may be a local computer or a cloud processing center; the electronic device includes a memory and a processor, the memory is used to store instructions, and the processor is used to call the instructions stored in the memory;

[0059] A static pressure sensor for obtaining groundwater level data of earthen ruins, the static pressure sensor is connected to the electronic device signal through the communication module 1;

[0060] A humidity sensor pre-buried in the soil near the earthen site, the humidity sensor is connected to the electronic device signal through the communication module 2;

[0061] A water pump disposed in the precipitation well and a control module electrically connected to the water pump, the control module being connected to electronic equipment signals;

[0062] A spray device is arranged on the upper part of the earthen site, and the spray device is electrically connected to the control module; the spray device is connected to the magnesium acrylate solution storage tank through a pipeline.

[0063] (III) The moisture content of the earthen ruins is regulated by the intelligent control device of this embodiment, and the control process includes two parallel routes: precipitation and water replenishment.

[0064] The processor calls instructions stored in memory to execute these two parallel routes:

[0065] The precipitation regulation process is:

[0066] (1) Obtain groundwater level data near the earthen site through static pressure sensors;

[0067] (2) Determine whether the groundwater level is higher than the set limit based on the groundwater level data. The groundwater level limit is 5 m above the underground impermeable layer;

[0068] (3) When the groundwater level is higher than the groundwater level limit, the electronic device sends a signal to the control module to start the water pump, and the control module turns on the power supply to the water pump, and the water pump starts to drain the drainage well; when the groundwater level reaches the groundwater level limit, the electronic device sends a signal to the control module to turn off the water pump, and the control module turns off the power supply to the water pump and stops draining.

[0069] The water replenishment process is:

[0070] S1. Obtain moisture content data in the earthen ruins through humidity sensors;

[0071] S2. Determine whether the moisture content of the earthen ruins is lower than the set limit based on the moisture content data, and the moisture content limit of the earthen ruins is 18wt%;

[0072] S3. When the moisture content of the earthen ruins is lower than the moisture content limit, the electronic device sends a signal to the control module to start the spraying device. The control module turns on the power of the spraying device to spray a 30wt% magnesium acrylate solution on the earthen ruins until the surface of the earthen ruins is completely wetted to form a protective film.

[0073] Example 3

[0074] The method of Example 2 was tried in Zhouqiao, Longting District, Kaifeng City, Henan Province and a section of the nearby Bianhe River ruins to debug the moisture content. The data records from July 29, 2024 to August 25, 2024 are shown in Table 2.

[0075] Table 2 Data record table for moisture content control

[0076]

[0077] The above is a description of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the contents disclosed herein. As long as non-substantial improvements are made using the method concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the method concept and technical solution of the present invention are applied to other occasions, they are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for intelligently controlling the moisture content of earthen ruins, characterized in that: Dig a drainage well near the earthen site and install a water pump in the drainage well; then adjust the groundwater level of the earthen site according to the following steps: (1) Obtain groundwater level data near the earthen sites; (2) Determine whether the groundwater level is higher than the set limit based on the groundwater level data; (3) When the groundwater level is higher than the groundwater level limit, the water pump in the precipitation well starts the pumping mode until the groundwater level data reaches the groundwater level limit.

2. The intelligent control method for moisture content of earthen ruins according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the groundwater level data is obtained by digging an observation well near the earthen site and installing a static pressure sensor in the observation well to obtain the groundwater level data.

3. The intelligent control method for moisture content of earthen ruins according to claim 1, characterized in that: The groundwater level limit in step (2) is 3 to 5 m above the underground impermeable layer.

4. The intelligent control method for moisture content of earthen ruins according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: S1. Obtain the moisture content data in the earthen ruins; S2. Determine whether the moisture content of the earthen ruins is lower than the set limit based on the moisture content data; S3. When the moisture content of the earthen ruins is lower than the moisture content limit, the sprinkler on the earthen ruins will start spraying magnesium acrylate solution until the surface of the earthen ruins is completely wet.

5. The intelligent control method for moisture content of earthen ruins according to claim 4, characterized in that: The moisture content data in S1 is obtained through a humidity sensor pre-buried in the lower part of the earthen site.

6. The intelligent control method for moisture content of earthen ruins according to claim 4, characterized in that: The moisture content limit of the earthen ruins described in S2 is 18wt% to 25wt%.

7. The intelligent control method for moisture content of earthen ruins according to claim 4, characterized in that: The concentration of the magnesium acrylate solution in S3 is 25wt% to 35wt%.

8. The method for intelligently controlling moisture content of earthen ruins according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: A water-stop curtain is set up around the earthen site, and observation wells and drainage wells are distributed on the inner side of the water-stop curtain and between the water-stop curtain and the earthen site.

9. An intelligent control device for moisture content of earthen ruins, characterized in that: include Electronic equipment, a static pressure sensor for obtaining groundwater level data of the earthen site, a water pump arranged in the precipitation well, and a control module electrically connected to the water pump; The static pressure sensor is connected to the electronic device by signal, and the control module is connected to the electronic device by signal; the electronic device includes a memory and a processor, the memory is used to store instructions, and the processor is used to call the instructions stored in the memory to execute the following steps: (1) Obtain groundwater level data near the earthen sites; (2) Determine whether the groundwater level is higher than the set limit based on the groundwater level data; (3) When the groundwater level is higher than the groundwater level limit, a signal is sent to the control module to start the water pump. When the groundwater level reaches the groundwater level limit, a signal is sent to the control module to shut down the water pump.

10. The intelligent control device for moisture content of earthen ruins according to claim 9, characterized in that: The device also includes: A humidity sensor pre-buried in the lower part of the earthen site, a spraying device arranged on the upper part of the earthen site, a magnesium acrylate solution storage tank connected to the spraying device, and a control module connected to the spraying device; The humidity sensor is connected to the electronic device by signal, and the control module is connected to the electronic device by signal; the electronic device also stores instructions, and when the instructions are called by the processor, the following operations are performed: S1. Obtain the moisture content data in the earthen ruins; S2. Determine whether the moisture content of the earthen ruins is lower than the set limit based on the moisture content data; S3. When the moisture content of the earthen ruins is lower than the moisture content limit, a signal is sent to the control module to start the spraying device, and the magnesium acrylate solution is sprayed until the surface of the earthen ruins is completely wet.

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