Longitudinal double-roller type continuous coal mining process and equipment for stepped working face of strip mine

Abstract

The invention relates to a longitudinal double-roller type continuous coal mining process and equipment for a stepped working face of a strip mine. Comprising a mounting base part, a transfer part, a roller cutting part, a walking part and an intelligent navigation and posture monitoring system. The installation base part is composed of a frame type rack and an installation platform and used for supporting the whole machine. A scraper conveyor is adopted in the transfer part, a bottom coal cleaning shovel plate and a spiral roller are arranged at the tail end, and efficient conveying of coal briquettes and bottom coal cleaning can be achieved. The cutting angle of the roller cutting part is adjusted through the main rocker arm, the auxiliary rocker arm and the hydraulic system to adapt to the heights and hardness of different coal seams, and the flexibility and adaptability of coal mining operation are improved. The walking part is of a four-track structure and is provided with an intelligent control system, the angle of the tracks can be automatically adjusted to adapt to complex terrains, and therefore the walking stability of the equipment is enhanced. The system has the advantages that by optimizing the structural design, the intelligent control level is improved, equipment abrasion is reduced, the coal mining efficiency is improved, and the system is suitable for continuous coal mining operation of the complex terrain of the strip mine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, and in particular to a novel double-drum continuous coal mining machine, which is used for coal mining and material transportation under open-pit mining conditions, can adapt to complex terrain, and realize an efficient and safe coal mining process. Background Art

[0002] As one of the open-pit coal mining equipment, the double-drum coal mining machine is mainly used for coal seam mining operations in large-scale coal mines. Traditional coal mining machines are usually composed of a single drum or double drum structure. The coal seam is cut by the rotation of the cutting drum, and the mined coal is transported to the designated area with the help of a conveying system. It is difficult to adapt to the complex open-pit mine terrain and different coal seam thicknesses. In addition, due to the swing of the drum and the fixed position of the baffle during the coal mining process, the flexibility and adaptability of the coal mining operation are insufficient, which increases the difficulty of work and safety hazards.

[0003] As the demand for coal mining continues to increase, the operating efficiency, safety and environmental protection performance of coal mining machines need to be improved. Therefore, a new double-drum continuous coal mining machine is designed that can automatically adjust the drum cutting angle, adapt to different coal seam thicknesses and improve the walking stability of the coal mining machine to reduce wear, improve efficiency, and further ensure the safety and economy of open-pit coal mine operations. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a new double-drum continuous coal mining machine that can adapt to the complex terrain of open-pit coal mining, reduce the resistance of equipment operation, and improve the coal cutting efficiency and equipment stability. The present invention improves the operational flexibility and coal collection efficiency of the equipment by optimizing the structural design, thereby reducing the wear of the equipment and extending the service life. The technical scheme is as follows: A longitudinal double-drum continuous coal mining process and equipment for the step working face of an open-pit mine, including five parts: an installation base, a transfer part, a drum cutting part, a walking part, and an intelligent navigation and posture monitoring system; the installation base includes an installation frame and an installation platform, and the installation frame is a frame structure for supporting equipment components; the transfer part is a scraper conveyor, which is installed on the installation frame of the installation base, and the end of the scraper conveyor is equipped with a bottom coal shovel and a built-in spiral drum to cooperate to realize the transportation of coal blocks and the cleaning of bottom coal; the scraper conveyor of the transfer part is equipped with a coal quantity detection sensor for monitoring the coal flow during transportation, and transmitting data to the intelligent navigation system for real-time monitoring.

[0005] The drum cutting part is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame of the mounting base, and includes a chassis, a main rocker arm, an auxiliary rocker arm, a balancing rocker arm, a lower cutting drum, a lower coal throwing baffle, a swinging coal throwing baffle, an upper cutting drum and an upper coal throwing baffle; the upper cutting drum and the lower cutting drum can slide up and down on the main rocker arm, so as to adapt to the height difference and inclination angle of different open-air step working surfaces, and improve the adaptability of the cutting operation. The main rocker arm is connected to the hydraulic cylinder through the hinge point at the front end of the chassis, one end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the main rocker arm, and the rocker arm pitch angle can be freely adjusted through hydraulic drive; the auxiliary rocker arm is connected to the main rocker arm through a pin shaft, and is controlled by the hydraulic cylinders (one extending and the other retracting) symmetrically arranged at both ends, so as to realize flexible adjustment of the angle with the coal mining forward direction to adapt to different step working surfaces. The main and auxiliary rocker arms can swing independently, which enhances the adaptability of the equipment to complex open-air terrain. The balancing rocker arm is hinged to the chassis through the rear end and is connected to the auxiliary rocker arm through a flexible connection structure, ensuring the stability and balance of the equipment during the coal mining process and avoiding deviation or instability caused by terrain changes; the drum cutting part is equipped with an automatic compensation system for adjusting the rocker arm posture in real time to ensure that the equipment can maintain efficient operation when facing different coal seam heights and hardnesses.

[0006] The walking part includes four tracks, track driving wheels and track supporting guide wheels, which are used to realize the overall movement of the coal mining machine; the four tracks are symmetrically arranged along the front and rear center planes and the left and right center planes of the installation base; the track driving wheels are equipped with an intelligent control system, which is used to automatically adjust the driving force and track angle according to the ground conditions and slope, so as to ensure the stability and reliability of the equipment in complex terrain and different coal seam areas; the walking part is equipped with an active shock absorbing system, which adjusts the position of the driving wheel and the guide wheel by detecting the pressure change of the track contacting the ground, thereby reducing vibration and improving the overall walking stability and service life of the equipment.

[0007] The swinging coal-throwing baffle is a fan-shaped structure, symmetrically installed on the bottom inner side of the upper coal-throwing baffle, and swings through a hydraulic rotating mechanism, cooperating with the front and rear swing of the auxiliary rocker arm to effectively block the coal blocks at different working heights and angles; the swinging coal-throwing baffle is equipped with an intelligent angle control system, which is linked with the intelligent navigation and posture monitoring system to automatically adjust the baffle angle during the coal collection process, reduce the scattering of coal blocks during the coal throwing process, and improve the coal collection efficiency and accuracy. The built-in sensors of the lower coal-throwing baffle, the swinging coal-throwing baffle, and the upper coal-throwing baffle detect the moving speed and trajectory of the coal blocks in real time, provide data feedback to the intelligent control system, and optimize the coal throwing action and the opening and closing degree of the baffle. Advantages of the present invention

[0008] 1. A vertical double-drum continuous coal mining process and equipment for the stepped working face of an open-pit mine adopts a double rocker arm and an intelligent hydraulic drive system to replace the traditional fixed structure, so that the cutting drum can flexibly adjust the angle, realize the structural optimization of the coal mining machine, improve the coal seam cutting efficiency, and reduce the resistance during the operation of the equipment.

[0009] 2. A swinging coal-throwing baffle in a vertically mounted double-drum continuous coal mining process and equipment for a stepped working face in an open-pit mine can automatically adjust the baffle angle according to the movement trajectory of the coal block, reduce the flying and wear of the coal blocks, improve the coal collection efficiency, extend the service life of the baffle and drum components, and further reduce maintenance costs.

[0010] 3. A vertical double-drum continuous coal mining process and equipment for open-pit mine step working faces achieves efficient connection between coal seam mining and material transportation by optimizing the support structure, intelligent navigation and posture monitoring system, which not only reduces the power consumption of the coal mining machine, but also improves the stability and accuracy of the coal mining operation. At the same time, the equipment has a compact structure, is easy to operate and maintain, reduces operating costs, and has significant economic benefits and promotion value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a longitudinal double-drum continuous coal mining process and equipment main structure for an open-pit mine step working face.

[0012] Figure 2 The present invention is a top view of a longitudinal double-drum continuous coal mining process and equipment for a stepped working face in an open-pit mine.

[0013] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a drum cutting part in a longitudinal double-drum continuous coal mining process and equipment for a stepped working face in an open-pit mine.

[0014] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of the walking part of a longitudinal double-drum continuous coal mining process and equipment for a stepped working face in an open-pit mine.

[0015] In the figure: an installation base (1), a transfer unit (2), a drum cutting unit (3), a walking unit (4), and an intelligent navigation and posture monitoring system (5); the installation base includes a mounting frame (1-1) and a mounting platform (1-2); the transfer unit includes a bottom coal cleaning shovel (2-1); the drum cutting unit includes a chassis (3-1), a main rocker arm (3-2), an auxiliary rocker arm (3-3), a balancing rocker arm (3-4), a lower cutting drum (3-5), a lower coal throwing baffle (3-6), a swing coal throwing baffle (3-7), an upper cutting drum (3-8), and an upper coal throwing baffle (3-9); the walking unit includes four crawler tracks (4-1), crawler track driving wheels (4-2), and crawler track support guide wheels (4-3). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer as the description proceeds. However, these embodiments are merely exemplary and do not constitute any limitation to the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0017] See also Figure 1 The present invention relates to a longitudinal double-drum continuous coal mining process and equipment for a stepped working face in an open-pit mine, including an installation base, a transfer part, a drum cutting part, a walking part, and an intelligent navigation and posture monitoring system. The installation base is composed of a frame-type rack and a mounting platform. The rack is a frame-type structure, which is mainly used to support the whole machine. The mounting platform is fixed above the rack to provide a stable basic support for the equipment. The transfer part is a scraper conveyor, and its end is equipped with a bottom coal shovel and a built-in spiral drum for efficient transportation of coal blocks and bottom coal cleaning. The coal flow rate during transportation is monitored in real time by a coal quantity detection sensor, and the sensor data is transmitted to the intelligent navigation system to realize real-time monitoring and feedback adjustment. The overall design of the scraper conveyor optimizes the coal transportation efficiency and reduces the workload of manual cleaning.

[0018] See also Figure 3The drum cutting part is the innovative part of the present invention, which undertakes the important functions of coal seam cutting and preliminary coal collection in the whole equipment. The drum cutting part is fixedly installed on the mounting frame of the mounting base part, and includes a chassis, a main rocker arm, an auxiliary rocker arm, a balancing rocker arm, a lower cutting drum, a lower coal throwing baffle, a swinging coal throwing baffle, an upper cutting drum and an upper coal throwing baffle. The upper cutting drum and the lower cutting drum slide up and down along the main rocker arm during the coal mining operation, and can automatically adjust the cutting height and pitch angle of the drum according to the height difference of different open-pit step working surfaces, terrain undulations and other conditions. The drum swing is driven by a precise hydraulic system, which can be quickly adjusted according to the thickness of the coal seam or the change of the working surface, ensuring that the cutting depth and force at different positions are suitable for the characteristics of the coal seam, reducing equipment wear and improving coal mining efficiency. The main rocker arm is connected to the hydraulic cylinder through the hinge point at the front end of the chassis, and one end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the main rocker arm. The hydraulic system can drive the main rocker arm to freely adjust the pitch angle according to the needs of the working surface. The auxiliary rocker arm is connected to the main rocker arm through a pin shaft and is controlled by hydraulic cylinders (one extending and one retracting) symmetrically arranged at both ends, which enables flexible adjustment of the angle in the forward direction. The swing function of the auxiliary rocker arm ensures that the drum cutting part can maintain the best cutting angle when advancing along the working surface, avoiding efficiency loss or drum loss caused by uneven terrain. The coordinated work of the main and auxiliary rocker arms enables the pitch angle of the drum cutting part to be adjusted independently, greatly improving the adaptability of the equipment to different open-pit mine terrains. The balancing rocker arm is hinged to the chassis through the rear end and connected to the auxiliary rocker arm through a flexible connection structure. During the coal mining process, it can be finely adjusted according to the hardness and thickness of the coal seam, thereby effectively reducing the vibration of the coal mining machine during operation and ensuring the stability and balance of the equipment.

[0019] See also Figure 2 The walking part consists of four crawlers, crawler drive wheels and crawler support guide wheels, which are mainly used for the overall movement of the coal mining machine. The four crawlers are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear and left and right center planes of the equipment to ensure the walking stability of the equipment. The crawler drive wheels are connected to the intelligent control system, which can automatically adjust the driving force and crawler angle according to the slope of the terrain and the ground conditions, and improve the stability of the equipment in complex terrain and different coal seam areas. The walking part also has an active shock absorption system, which adjusts the position of the drive wheel and the guide wheel by detecting the pressure change of the crawler contacting the ground, reduces vibration, and improves the overall walking stability and service life of the equipment.

[0020] See also Figure 4The coal-throwing baffle system includes a lower coal-throwing baffle, a swinging coal-throwing baffle and an upper coal-throwing baffle, all of which are multi-layer structures. The swinging coal-throwing baffle is a fan-shaped structure, symmetrically installed at the bottom of the upper coal-throwing baffle, and swings through a hydraulic rotation mechanism. During coal mining operations, the swinging baffle cooperates with the forward and backward swinging of the auxiliary rocker arm to effectively block coal blocks at different operating heights and angles to prevent coal blocks from flying. The baffle is also equipped with an intelligent angle control system that can be linked with the intelligent navigation and attitude monitoring system to automatically adjust the baffle angle during the coal collection process, reduce the flying of coal blocks during the coal throwing process, and improve the efficiency and accuracy of coal collection. The built-in sensor of the baffle system can detect the movement speed and trajectory of coal blocks in real time, and feed the data back to the intelligent control system to optimize the opening and closing degree and baffle position of the coal-throwing baffle.

Claims

1. A vertically mounted double-drum continuous coal mining process and equipment for a stepped working face of an open-pit mine, comprising five parts: an installation base (1), a transfer part (2), a drum cutting part (3), a walking part (4), and an intelligent navigation and posture monitoring system (5); the installation base (1) comprises an installation frame (1-1) and an installation platform (1-2), the installation frame (1-1) being a frame structure for supporting equipment components; the transfer part (2) is a scraper conveyor, which is installed on the installation frame (1-1) of the installation base (1), and the end of the scraper conveyor is provided with a bottom coal cleaning shovel (2-1) and a built-in spiral drum, which cooperate to realize the transportation of coal blocks and the cleaning of bottom coal; the scraper conveyor of the transfer part (2) is provided with a coal quantity detection sensor, which is used to monitor the coal flow rate during transportation, and transmit the data to the intelligent navigation system (5) for real-time monitoring.

2. The open-pit mine step working face vertical double-drum continuous coal mining process and equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that The drum cutting part (3) is fixedly mounted on a mounting frame (1-1) of the mounting base part (1), and comprises a chassis (3-1), a main rocker arm (3-2), an auxiliary rocker arm (3-3), a balancing rocker arm (3-4), a lower cutting drum (3-5), a lower coal throwing baffle (3-6), a swinging coal throwing baffle (3-7), an upper cutting drum (3-8) and an upper coal throwing baffle (3-9); the upper cutting drum (3-8) and the lower cutting drum (3-5) can slide up and down on the main rocker arm (3-2), thereby adapting to the height difference and inclination angle of different open-pit step working surfaces, thereby improving the adaptability of the cutting operation. The main rocker arm (3-2) is connected to the hydraulic cylinder through the hinge point at the front end of the chassis (3-1), one end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the main rocker arm (3-2), and the rocker arm pitch angle can be freely adjusted through hydraulic drive; the auxiliary rocker arm (3-3) is connected to the main rocker arm (3-2) through a pin shaft, and is controlled by hydraulic cylinders (one extended and one retracted) symmetrically arranged at both ends, so as to achieve flexible adjustment of the angle with the coal mining forward direction to adapt to different step working surfaces. The main and auxiliary rocker arms can swing independently, which enhances the adaptability of the equipment to complex open-air terrain. The balancing rocker arm (3-4) is hinged to the chassis (3-1) through the rear end, and is connected to the auxiliary rocker arm (3-3) through a flexible connection structure, so as to ensure the stability and balance of the equipment during the coal mining process and avoid deviation or instability caused by terrain changes; the drum cutting part (3) is equipped with an automatic compensation system for adjusting the rocker arm posture in real time to ensure that the equipment can maintain efficient operation when facing different coal seam heights and hardnesses.

3. The open-pit mine step working face vertical double-drum continuous coal mining process and equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that The walking part (4) comprises four crawler tracks (4-1), crawler drive wheels (4-2) and crawler support guide wheels (4-3), which are used to realize the overall movement of the coal mining machine; the four crawler tracks (4-1) are symmetrically arranged along the front and rear center planes and the left and right center planes of the installation base (1); the crawler drive wheels (4-2) are equipped with an intelligent control system, which is used to automatically adjust the driving force and crawler angle according to the ground state and slope, so as to ensure the stability and reliability of the equipment in complex terrain and different coal seam areas; the walking part (4) is equipped with an active shock absorption system, which adjusts the position of the drive wheel and the guide wheel by detecting the pressure change of the crawler contacting the ground, thereby reducing vibration and improving the overall walking stability and service life of the equipment.

4. The drum cutting part according to claim 2, characterized in that The swinging coal-throwing baffle (3-7) is a fan-shaped structure, symmetrically installed on the inner bottom side of the upper coal-throwing baffle (3-9), and swings through a hydraulic rotating mechanism, and cooperates with the front and rear swinging of the auxiliary rocker arm (3-3) to effectively block the coal blocks at different working heights and angles; the swinging coal-throwing baffle (3-7) is equipped with an intelligent angle control system, which is linked with the intelligent navigation and posture monitoring system (5) to automatically adjust the baffle angle during the coal block collection process, reduce the scattering of coal blocks during the coal throwing process, and improve the coal collection efficiency and accuracy. The lower coal-throwing baffle (3-6), the swinging coal-throwing baffle (3-7), and the upper coal-throwing baffle (3-9) are equipped with built-in sensors to detect the moving speed and trajectory of the coal blocks in real time, provide data feedback to the intelligent control system, and optimize the coal throwing action and the opening and closing degree of the baffle.

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