Waste heat recovery device of denitration equipment for waste incineration

Abstract

The invention relates to a waste heat recovery device of denitration equipment for waste incineration in the field of separation equipment, which is characterized in that flue gas entering a catalytic cylinder is cooled through a lower heat exchanger, the temperature of denitration catalytic reaction in the catalytic cylinder is controlled, and the efficiency of the denitration catalytic reaction is improved; in addition, when the temperature of the catalytic core cylinder needs to be increased, superheated steam generated after cooling water in the lower heat exchanger exchanges heat with flue gas is injected into the heat exchange cavity, and then the catalytic core cylinder is heated; besides, water vapor in the denitration flue gas is collected and stored in a water storage tank through an arc-shaped flow deflector and a water collecting pipe which are arranged in the upper heat exchanger, and when the temperature of the catalytic core cylinder needs to be reduced, condensate water is injected into a heat exchange cavity through a water adding pipe communicating the water storage tank with the heat exchange cavity of the catalytic cylinder for cooling; the waste heat of incineration flue gas and reaction products are fully utilized, a traditional heating device or a traditional cooling device arranged in the catalysis cylinder is replaced, energy is fully utilized, and energy consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a waste heat recovery device for denitration equipment, and in particular to a waste heat recovery device for denitration equipment for garbage incineration applied in the field of separation equipment. Background Art

[0002] The temperature of flue gas emitted by a waste incinerator is as high as 800℃-1200℃. When the flue gas is denitrated, in order to improve the removal rate of nitrogen oxides, SCR (selective catalytic reduction) denitration technology is generally used. A catalytic cylinder is set in the denitration tower and ammonia water is sprayed into the catalytic cylinder, so that nitrogen oxides and ammonia in the flue gas generate nitrogen and water under the action of the catalyst. The SCR (selective catalytic reduction) denitration technology generally needs to control the catalytic reaction temperature at 180℃-450℃, so the flue gas needs to be cooled. At the same time, the temperature of the catalytic cylinder will continue to rise due to heat accumulation during the reaction, and the catalytic cylinder also needs to be cooled. When the reaction temperature of the catalytic cylinder is not enough, the catalytic cylinder needs to be heated. The existing way to control the temperature of the catalytic cylinder is to set a separate electric heating device or cooling device in the catalytic cylinder, which requires additional energy.

[0003] The existing patent with publication number CN111495143A discloses an SCR denitrification system and method suitable for hazardous waste incinerators, including an incinerator + secondary combustion chamber, a waste heat boiler, a quench heat exchanger, a dry desulfurization reactor, a bag filter, an SCR denitrification reactor, a waste heat recovery heat exchanger and a chimney, and the above equipment is connected by a flue. The present invention has the function of utilizing waste heat recovery to heat the flue gas, so that the flue gas can reach the temperature requirement of low-temperature SCR denitrification without the need for fuel gas heating, and partially heated air enters the secondary combustion chamber or the incinerator to assist combustion, thereby improving the combustion efficiency of the furnace, solving the shortcomings of the traditional low-temperature SCR denitrification process, such as high energy consumption of fuel gas heating, complex system, and many device operation failures, and at the same time, meeting the flue gas quenching requirements of the hazardous waste incinerator, avoiding the regeneration of dioxins.

[0004] The above-mentioned existing patent uses a quench heat exchanger and a waste heat recovery heat exchanger independently arranged on the outside of the denitrification tower to recover the heat of the flue gas, but does not solve the problem of consuming additional energy when adjusting the temperature of the catalytic core of the traditional denitrification tower. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the temperature of the catalytic core of the traditional denitrification tower needs to be consuming additional energy.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a waste heat recovery device for a denitration equipment for garbage incineration, comprising a tower body having an upper end fixedly connected to a smoke exhaust pipe and a lower part fixedly connected to a smoke inlet pipe; a catalytic cylinder is fixedly connected to the middle part of the inner cavity of the tower body, a lower heat exchanger fixedly connected to the tower body and connected to the smoke inlet pipe is provided below the catalytic cylinder, and an upper heat exchanger fixedly connected to the tower body and connected to the smoke exhaust pipe is provided above the catalytic cylinder; the catalytic cylinder comprises a hollow cylindrical cylinder body and a catalytic core cylinder penetrating the cylinder body and fixedly connected to the cylinder body, when the flue gas flows through the catalytic cylinder, it contacts the catalytic material on the inner wall of the catalytic core cylinder, a heat exchange cavity is enclosed between the outer wall of the catalytic core cylinder and the inner wall of the cylinder, a recovery pipe connected to the heat exchange cavity and extending to the outside of the tower body is fixed to the outer wall of the cylinder, and the recovery pipe is connected to an external recovery tank;

[0007] The lower heat exchanger is fixedly connected with a cooling main pipe and a steam main pipe arranged on both sides thereof and extending to the outside of the tower body. The inlet end of the cooling main pipe is connected with the outlet end of the external cooling water circulation pump, the inlet end of the external cooling water circulation pump is connected with the outlet end of the external steam turbine, the output shaft of the external steam turbine is connected with the external generator, and the inlet end of the external steam turbine is connected with the outlet end of the steam main pipe; the steam main pipe is connected with the heat exchange cavity through an air inlet pipe, and a first electromagnetic flow valve is provided at the connection point between the air inlet pipe and the steam main pipe, and the amount of superheated steam entering the heat exchange cavity is controlled by the first electromagnetic flow valve to heat and increase the temperature of the catalytic core barrel;

[0008] The upper heat exchanger is fixedly connected with cooling branches and steam branches arranged at both ends thereof, the cooling branches are connected with the cooling main pipe, the steam branches are connected with the steam main pipe, cooling water enters the upper heat exchanger through the cooling branches to exchange heat with the flue gas flowing through the upper heat exchanger, and the generated superheated steam is injected into the steam main pipe through the steam branches; the upper heat exchanger includes a vertical frame connected with the tower body, the vertical frame is provided with a vertical flue gas cavity for vertical flow of flue gas, a plurality of vertical heat exchange tubes are fixedly connected in the vertical flue gas cavity, the vertical heat exchange tubes are hollow tubes and are connected with the upper jacket cavity opened in the vertical frame, the cooling branches and the steam branches are respectively arranged on both sides of the upper jacket cavity and are connected with it;

[0009] A plurality of arc-shaped guide plates are fixedly connected to the upper outer wall of the vertical heat exchange tube. Adjacent arc-shaped guide plates are staggered and in opposite directions. A water collecting trough is formed between the arc-shaped guide plates facing upward and the vertical heat exchange tube. A drainage hole is provided on the inner wall of the vertical flue gas cavity toward the water inlet end of the cooling branch pipe. A water collecting pipe connected to the drainage hole is provided in the upper jacket cavity. The water collecting pipe extends to the outside of the tower body and is connected to a water storage tank. A water adding pipe is connected to the lower end of the water storage tank. The water adding pipe is connected to the heat exchange cavity through the water inlet pipe. A second electromagnetic flow valve is fixedly connected to the water collecting pipe, and a third electromagnetic flow valve is fixedly connected to the water adding pipe.

[0010] In the waste heat recovery device of the above-mentioned waste incineration denitrification equipment, the temperature of the catalytic core tube in the catalytic tube is adjusted by means of a catalytic tube with a heat exchange cavity and an upper heat exchanger and a lower heat exchanger.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present application, the lower heat exchanger includes a horizontal frame, a horizontal smoke cavity for horizontal flow of smoke is opened on the inner side of the horizontal frame, a plurality of horizontal heat exchange tubes are fixedly connected in the horizontal smoke cavity, the horizontal heat exchange tubes are hollow tubes and are connected to the lower jacket cavity opened inside the shell wall of the horizontal frame, and both the cooling main pipe and the steam main pipe are connected to the lower jacket cavity and are diagonally distributed on both sides of the lower jacket cavity.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present application, a uniform distribution disk is provided below the catalytic cylinder and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the tower body. A plurality of mixing holes are provided on the uniform distribution disk. The mixing holes are connected to the filling chamber provided at the center of the uniform distribution disk through radial channels. An ammonia inlet pipe connected to the filling chamber is rotatably connected below the uniform distribution disk. The ammonia inlet pipe is connected to an external ammonia supply pump.

[0013] A rotating shaft that penetrates the catalytic cylinder and is rotatably connected to the catalytic cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper end of the uniform distribution disk, an impeller is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating shaft, a separating cylinder that is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tower body is sleeved on the outer side of the impeller, a fourth electromagnetic flow valve is fixedly connected to the separating cylinder at a position below the impeller, and a fifth electromagnetic flow valve is fixedly connected to the separating cylinder at a position outside the impeller. When the fourth electromagnetic flow valve is opened, the flue gas flowing through the catalytic cylinder drives the impeller to rotate, and the impeller drives the uniform distribution disk to rotate through the rotating shaft, and the uniform distribution disk drives the mixture of flue gas and ammonia water to be centrifugally evenly dispersed.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present application, a sleeve is provided in the heat exchange chamber and is sleeved on the outside of the catalytic core barrel. An annular gap open at the upper and lower ends is formed between the sleeve and the catalytic core barrel. The sleeve is a vertical cylindrical structure and the upper and lower ends are fixedly connected to the upper and lower inner walls of the heat exchange chamber through support columns. The sleeve is fixedly connected with air distribution pipes and water distribution pipes which are symmetrically distributed up and down and connected to the annular gap.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present application, the air distribution pipe includes an inner annular tube and an outer annular tube arranged inside and outside the sleeve and a radial tube connecting the two. The inner annular tube and the outer annular tube are fixedly connected to a bridging tube connected to the inner cavity of the sleeve on one side relative to the sleeve, and the water distribution pipe has the same structure as the air distribution pipe.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present application, a first temperature sensor extending into the catalytic core tube is fixedly connected to the partition tube, a second temperature sensor extending into the heat exchange chamber is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the tower body, and the external ammonia supply pump, the first electromagnetic flow valve, the second electromagnetic flow valve, the third electromagnetic flow valve, the fourth electromagnetic flow valve, and the fifth electromagnetic flow valve are all electrically connected to the same controller.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present application, the separation cylinder includes a disc portion fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tower body and a cylindrical portion fixed on the upper part of the disc portion, the impeller is arranged in the cylindrical portion, the fourth electromagnetic flow valve is fixed on the disc portion and connected to the inner cavity of the cylindrical portion, and the fifth electromagnetic flow valve is fixed on the disc portion and connected to the cavities on both sides thereof.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present application, the uniform distribution disk is a disc-shaped structure, the mixing hole is a through hole that vertically penetrates the uniform distribution disk, the ammonia inlet pipe is rotatably connected to the bottom center of the uniform distribution disk through a rotating joint and is connected to the filling chamber; a lower guide frame fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tower body is provided above the lower heat exchanger, the lower guide frame allows the flue gas entering the tower body to cross from the left side of the lower heat exchanger to the right side of the lower heat exchanger and enter the bottom of the uniform distribution disk through the vent holes opened on the lower guide frame, the lower end of the upper heat exchanger is fixedly connected to an upper guide disk fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tower body, the upper guide disk allows the flue gas to enter from the lower part of the upper heat exchanger in a concentrated manner.

[0019] In summary, the present invention recovers the heat in the incineration flue gas in two stages by means of the lower heat exchanger and the upper heat exchanger arranged at the smoke inlet and smoke outlet ends of the tower body, thereby improving the waste heat recovery efficiency. At the same time, the flue gas entering the catalytic tube is cooled by the lower heat exchanger, the denitration catalytic reaction temperature in the catalytic tube is controlled, and the efficiency of the denitration catalytic reaction is improved. In addition, when it is necessary to increase the temperature of the catalytic core tube, the superheated steam generated by the heat exchange between the cooling water in the lower heat exchanger and the flue gas is added to the heat exchange chamber to heat the catalytic core tube. In addition, the water vapor in the denitration flue gas is collected and stored in a water storage tank by means of the arc guide plate and the water collecting pipe arranged in the upper heat exchanger. When it is necessary to lower the temperature of the catalytic core tube, condensed water is added to the heat exchange chamber through the water adding pipe connecting the water storage tank and the heat exchange chamber of the catalytic tube to cool it down, thereby fully utilizing the waste heat of the incineration flue gas and the reaction products, replacing the traditional heating device or cooling device arranged in the catalytic tube, fully utilizing the energy and reducing the energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the tower body in this application;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of this application;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the catalytic cylinder, the lower heat exchanger and the upper heat exchanger in this application;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion assembly of the catalytic cylinder in this application;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the sleeve, the device distribution pipe and the water distribution pipe in this application;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lower heat exchanger in this application;

[0028] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of the lower heat exchanger in this application;

[0029] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse cross-sectional structure of the upper heat exchanger in this application;

[0030] Fig.11 This is a horizontal cross-sectional structural diagram of the upper heat exchanger at the water collecting pipe position in this application;

[0031] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the catalytic tube when it is cooled in this application;

[0032] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the uniform distribution plate and the separation cylinder in this application;

[0033] Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded assembly of the impeller and the separator cylinder in this application.

[0034] Description of the numbers in the figure:

[0035] 1. Tower body; 2. Catalytic cylinder; 3. Cylinder body; 4. Catalytic core cylinder; 5. Sleeve; 6. Support column; 7. Air distribution pipe; 701. Inner annular pipe; 702. Outer annular pipe; 703. Radial pipe; 704. Bridge pipe; 8. Air inlet pipe; 9. Water distribution pipe; 10. Water inlet pipe; 11. Recovery pipe; 12. First temperature sensor; 13. Second temperature sensor; 14. Lower heat exchanger; 1401. Horizontal frame; 1402. Horizontal flue gas cavity; 1403. Upper jacket cavity; 1404. Horizontal heat exchange tube; 15. Upper heat exchanger; 1501. Vertical frame; 1502. Vertical flue gas cavity; 1503. Lower jacket cavity; 1504. Vertical heat exchange tube; 16. Smoke inlet pipe ; 17. Cooling main pipe; 18. Steam main pipe; 19. First electromagnetic flow valve; 20. Cooling branch pipe; 21. Steam branch pipe; 22. Collecting pipe; 23. Water storage tank; 24. Second electromagnetic flow valve; 25. Water supply pipe; 26. Third electromagnetic flow valve; 27. Smoke exhaust pipe; 28. Arc guide plate; 29. ​​Drain hole; 30. Lower guide frame; 31. Uniform distribution plate; 3101. Mixing hole; 3102. Radial channel; 3103. Filling chamber; 32. Rotating shaft; 33. Impeller; 34. Separation cylinder; 3401. Disc part; 3402. Cylinder part; 35. Fourth electromagnetic flow valve; 36. Fifth electromagnetic flow valve; 37. Ammonia inlet pipe; 38. Upper guide plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following describes two implementation modes of the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] The first implementation method:

[0038] Figure 1-12 A waste heat recovery device of a denitration equipment for garbage incineration is shown, comprising a tower body 1 with a smoke exhaust pipe 27 fixedly connected to the upper end and a smoke inlet pipe 16 fixedly connected to the lower part; a catalytic cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner cavity of the tower body 1, a lower heat exchanger 14 fixedly connected to the tower body 1 and connected to the smoke inlet pipe 16 is provided below the catalytic cylinder 2, and an upper heat exchanger 15 fixedly connected to the tower body 1 and connected to the smoke exhaust pipe 27 is provided above the catalytic cylinder 2. The flue gas enters the tower body 1 through the smoke inlet pipe 16 and is injected into the lower heat exchanger 14. The flue gas is heat exchanged and cooled in the lower heat exchanger 14. The flue gas after heat exchange and cooling enters the catalytic cylinder 2 for denitration reaction. The flue gas after denitration enters the upper heat exchanger 15 for preheating, heat exchange and recovery. The flue gas after waste heat recovery is discharged through the smoke exhaust pipe;

[0039] See also Figure 4-7The catalytic cylinder 2 includes a hollow cylindrical body 3 and a catalytic core 4 penetrating the body 3 and fixedly connected to the body 3. When the flue gas flows through the catalytic cylinder 2, it contacts the catalytic material on the inner wall of the catalytic core 4. A heat exchange cavity is formed between the outer wall of the catalytic core 4 and the inner wall of the body 3. A recovery pipe 11 connected to the heat exchange cavity and extending to the outside of the tower body 1 is fixed on the outer wall of the body 3. The recovery pipe 11 is connected to an external recovery tank.

[0040] See also Figure 2 The lower heat exchanger 14 is fixedly connected with a cooling main pipe 17 and a steam main pipe 18 which are arranged on both sides thereof and extend to the outside of the tower body 1. The inlet end of the cooling main pipe 17 is connected with the water outlet end of the external cooling water circulation pump, and the water inlet end of the external cooling water circulation pump is connected with the outlet end of the external steam turbine. The output shaft of the external steam turbine is connected with the external generator. The inlet end of the external steam turbine is connected with the steam main pipe 18. The external circulating water pump injects the cooling water cooled by the external steam turbine into the lower heat exchanger 14 through the cooling main pipe 17. The flue gas and the cooling water exchange heat in the lower heat exchanger 14. After the heat exchange, the cooling water generates superheated steam. The superheated steam enters the external steam turbine through the steam main pipe 18, and the external steam turbine drives the external generator to rotate.

[0041] See also Figure 5 The steam main pipe 18 is connected to the heat exchange chamber through the air intake pipe 8. A first electromagnetic flow valve 19 is provided at the connection point between the air intake pipe 8 and the steam main pipe 18. The first electromagnetic flow valve 19 controls the amount of superheated steam entering the heat exchange chamber to heat the catalytic core 4.

[0042] See also Figure 5 The upper heat exchanger 15 is fixedly connected with a cooling branch pipe 20 and a steam branch pipe 21 arranged at both ends thereof. The cooling branch pipe 20 is connected with the cooling main pipe 17, and the steam branch pipe 21 is connected with the steam main pipe 18. The cooling water enters the upper heat exchanger 15 through the cooling branch pipe 20 to exchange heat with the flue gas flowing through the upper heat exchanger 15, and the generated superheated steam is injected into the steam main pipe 18 through the steam branch pipe 21;

[0043] See also Figure 10-11The upper heat exchanger 15 includes a vertical frame 1501 connected to the tower body 1. The vertical frame 1501 is provided with a vertical smoke cavity 1502 for vertical flow of smoke. A plurality of vertical heat exchange tubes 1504 are fixedly connected in the vertical smoke cavity 1502. The vertical heat exchange tubes 1504 are hollow tubes and communicate with an upper jacket cavity 1503 provided in the vertical frame 1501. The cooling branch pipe 20 and the steam branch pipe 21 are respectively arranged on both sides of the upper jacket cavity 1503 and communicate with the upper jacket cavity 1503. A plurality of arc-shaped guide tubes are fixedly connected to the upper outer wall of the vertical heat exchange tube 1504. The flow sheets 28, adjacent arc-shaped guide sheets 28 are staggered and face oppositely, the arc-shaped guide sheets 28 facing upwards and the vertical heat exchange tubes 1504 enclose a water collecting trough, a drainage hole 29 is provided on the inner wall of the vertical smoke cavity 1502 facing the water inlet end of the cooling branch pipe 20, a water collecting pipe 22 connected with the drainage hole 29 is provided in the upper jacket cavity 1503, the water collecting pipe 22 extends to the outside of the tower body 1 and is connected with a water storage tank 23, the lower end of the water storage tank 23 is connected with a water supply pipe 25, and the water supply pipe 25 is connected with the heat exchange cavity through the water inlet pipe 10;

[0044] See also Fig.12 The flue gas flowing through the catalytic tube 2 undergoes a denitrification catalytic reaction. During the reaction, ammonia water decomposes to produce water vapor. At the same time, the water product produced by the reaction of ammonia and nitrogen oxides is also vaporized into water vapor at high temperature, so that the flue gas after denitrification contains a large amount of water vapor. After the denitrified flue gas enters the upper heat exchanger 15, it condenses into condensed water under the action of the vertical heat exchange tube 1504 and the arc-shaped guide plate 28. The condensed water is collected in the water collecting tank, and then enters the water collecting pipe 22 through the drainage hole 29, and then enters the water storage tank 23 through the water collecting pipe 22. The condensed water in the water storage tank 23 enters the heat exchange chamber through the water adding pipe 25 and the water inlet pipe 10 to cool the catalytic core tube 4; a second electromagnetic flow valve 24 is fixedly connected to the water collecting pipe 22, and a third electromagnetic flow valve 26 is fixedly connected to the water adding pipe 25.

[0045] For details, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Fig.12The lower heat exchanger 14 and the upper heat exchanger 15 are used to exchange heat with the incoming flue gas and the outgoing flue gas respectively. The lower heat exchanger 14 controls the temperature of the flue gas entering the catalytic tube 2, and the upper heat exchanger 15 controls the temperature of the outgoing flue gas to achieve heat recovery. At the same time, the water vapor in the denitrification flue gas is recovered by the arc guide plate 28 and the water collecting pipe 22 arranged in the upper heat exchanger 15, and stored in the water storage tank 23. In addition, when it is necessary to increase the reaction temperature of the catalytic core tube 4, the first electromagnetic flow valve 19 is opened to allow the superheated steam in the steam main pipe 18 to enter the heat exchange chamber in the catalytic tube 2 through the air inlet pipe 8, and the superheated steam entering the heat exchange chamber heats the catalytic core. The outer wall of the cylinder 4 is heated to increase the reaction temperature of the catalytic core cylinder 4, and the excess superheated steam is discharged to the external recovery tank through the recovery pipe 11; when it is necessary to lower the reaction temperature of the catalytic core cylinder 4, the second electromagnetic flow valve 24 and the third electromagnetic flow valve 26 are opened to inject condensed water into the heat exchange chamber of the catalytic cylinder 2 to cool the outer wall of the catalytic core cylinder 4 and reduce the reaction temperature of the catalytic core cylinder 4. At the same time, the excess condensed water or the water vapor generated by the contact and vaporization of the condensed water and the catalytic core cylinder 4 is discharged into the external recovery tank through the recovery pipe 11. It should be noted that the external recovery tank is also provided with a heat exchanger to recover the heat of the discharged superheated steam.

[0046] Compared with the waste heat recovery device of the traditional denitrification tower, the present invention recovers the heat in the incineration flue gas in two stages by setting the lower heat exchanger 14 and the upper heat exchanger 15 at the smoke inlet and smoke outlet ends of the tower body 1, thereby improving the waste heat recovery efficiency. At the same time, the flue gas entering the catalytic tube 2 is cooled by the lower heat exchanger 14 to control the denitrification catalytic reaction temperature in the catalytic tube 2 and improve the efficiency of the denitrification catalytic reaction; at the same time, the air inlet pipe 8 connecting the steam main pipe 18 and the heat exchange cavity of the catalytic tube 2 is used to fill the heat exchange cavity with cooling water in the lower heat exchanger when it is necessary to increase the temperature of the catalytic core tube 4. The superheated steam generated after heat exchange with the flue gas is used to heat the catalytic core tube 4. In addition, the water vapor in the denitrification flue gas is collected and stored in the water storage tank 23 through the arc guide plate 28 and the water collecting pipe 22 arranged in the upper heat exchanger 15. When the temperature of the catalytic core tube 4 needs to be lowered, condensed water is added to the heat exchange cavity through the water adding pipe 25 connecting the water storage tank 23 and the heat exchange cavity of the catalytic tube 2 to cool it down, so as to fully utilize the waste heat of the incineration flue gas and the reaction products, replace the traditional heating device or cooling device arranged in the catalytic tube, and fully utilize the energy to reduce energy consumption.

[0047] See also Figure 8 and Fig. 9The lower heat exchanger 14 includes a horizontal frame 1401, and a horizontal smoke cavity 1402 for horizontal flow of smoke is opened inside the horizontal frame 1401. A plurality of horizontal heat exchange tubes 1404 are fixedly connected in the horizontal smoke cavity 1402. The horizontal heat exchange tubes 1404 are hollow tubes and are connected to a lower jacket cavity 1403 opened inside the shell wall of the horizontal frame 1401. The cooling main pipe 17 and the steam main pipe 18 are both connected to the lower jacket cavity 1403 and are diagonally distributed on both sides of the lower jacket cavity 1403.

[0048] Specifically, multiple horizontal heat exchange tubes 1404 divide the horizontal smoke cavity 1402 into multiple longitudinally arranged smoke channels, and cooling water flows in the inner cavity of the horizontal heat exchange tube 1404, so that the cooling water and the smoke perform convection heat exchange through the shell wall of the horizontal heat exchange tube 1404, and the flow directions of the smoke and cooling water are perpendicular to each other, thereby achieving efficient and sufficient heat exchange.

[0049] See also Figure 4 and Figure 6 A sleeve 5 is provided in the heat exchange chamber and is sleeved on the outside of the catalytic core barrel 4. An annular gap open at the upper and lower ends is formed between the sleeve 5 and the catalytic core barrel 4. The sleeve 5 is a vertical cylindrical structure and the upper and lower ends are fixedly connected to the upper and lower inner walls of the heat exchange chamber through support columns 6. The sleeve 5 is fixedly connected to an air distribution pipe 7 and a water distribution pipe 9 which are symmetrically distributed up and down and communicated with the annular gap.

[0050] Specifically, superheated steam is injected into the sleeve 5 through the gas distribution pipe 7 or condensed water is injected into the water distribution pipe 9, and is fully diffused in the annular gap, so that the superheated steam or condensed water is in full contact with the outer wall of the catalyst core tube 4, thereby improving the heating or cooling efficiency. At the same time, the superheated steam or condensed water flows into the heat exchange chamber through the openings at the upper and lower ends of the annular gap, and is convenient for centralized discharge from the recovery pipe 11.

[0051] See also Figure 7 The air distribution pipe 7 includes an inner annular pipe 701 and an outer annular pipe 702 arranged inside and outside the sleeve 5 and a radial pipe 703 connecting the two. The inner annular pipe 701 and the outer annular pipe 702 are fixedly connected to the side of the sleeve 5 relative to the sleeve 5 with a bridging pipe 704 connected to the inner cavity of the sleeve 5. The water distribution pipe 9 has the same structure as the air distribution pipe 7.

[0052] Specifically, superheated steam or condensed water is synchronously injected into the sleeve 5 through the inner annular tube 701, the outer annular tube 702 and the bridging tube 704, so that the superheated steam or condensed water flows evenly and spreads in the annular gap formed between the sleeve 5 and the catalyst core 4, further improving the heating and cooling efficiency.

[0053] Second implementation method:

[0054] Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6, Figure 12-14 A waste heat recovery device for a waste incineration denitrification device is shown. On the basis of the first embodiment, a uniformly distributed disk 31 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the tower body 1 is provided below the catalytic cylinder 2. A plurality of mixing holes 3101 are provided on the uniformly distributed disk 31. The mixing holes 3101 are connected to a filling chamber 3103 provided at the center of the uniformly distributed disk 31 through a radial channel 3102. An ammonia inlet pipe 37 connected to the filling chamber 3103 is rotatably connected below the uniformly distributed disk 31. The ammonia inlet pipe 37 is connected to an external ammonia water supply pump. Ammonia water is injected into the filling chamber 3103 through the ammonia inlet pipe 37, and then injected into the mixing hole 3101 through the radial channel 3102. The flue gas flowing through the lower heat exchanger 14 contacts with the ammonia water in the mixing hole 3101.

[0055] See also Figure 4 The upper end of the uniform distribution disk 31 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 32 that penetrates the catalytic cylinder 2 and is rotatably connected to the catalytic cylinder 2, and the upper end of the rotating shaft 32 is fixedly connected to an impeller 33. The outer side of the impeller 33 is provided with a separation cylinder 34 that is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tower body 1. The separation cylinder 34 is located below the impeller 33 and is fixedly connected to a fourth electromagnetic flow valve 35. The separation cylinder 34 is located outside the impeller 33 and is fixedly connected to a fifth electromagnetic flow valve 36. When the fourth electromagnetic flow valve 35 is opened, the flue gas flowing through the catalytic cylinder 2 drives the impeller 33 to rotate, and the impeller 33 drives the uniform distribution disk 31 to rotate through the rotating shaft 32, and the uniform distribution disk 31 drives the mixture of flue gas and ammonia water to be centrifugally evenly dispersed;

[0056] See also Figure 4 A first temperature sensor 12 extending into the catalytic core tube 4 is fixedly connected to the separation tube 34, a second temperature sensor 13 extending into the heat exchange chamber is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the tower body 1, and an external ammonia supply pump, a first electromagnetic flow valve 19, a second electromagnetic flow valve 24, a third electromagnetic flow valve 26, a fourth electromagnetic flow valve 35, and a fifth electromagnetic flow valve 36 are all electrically connected to the same controller.

[0057] For details, please refer to Fig.12 , when the denitration catalytic reaction is started, the temperature of the catalytic core 4 is relatively low, and the denitration catalytic reaction is not sufficient when the flue gas passes through the catalytic core 4, resulting in insufficient flue gas denitration treatment in the denitration reaction start-up stage. To solve the above problem, the controller starts the first electromagnetic flow valve 19, the fourth electromagnetic flow valve 35 and the fifth electromagnetic flow valve 36. The first electromagnetic flow valve 19 increases the injection amount of superheated steam. At the same time, the fourth electromagnetic flow valve 35 and the fifth electromagnetic flow valve 36 reduce the amount of flue gas passing through the separation tube 34, thereby increasing the flue gas concentration retained in the catalytic core 4;

[0058] At the same time, the controller controls the external ammonia supply pump to increase the ammonia supply, thereby increasing the ammonia concentration retained in the catalytic core 4, and using the catalytic reaction heat release and superheated steam heating to quickly increase the temperature of the catalytic core 4, so that the ammonia oxides in the flue gas in the denitration catalytic startup stage react more fully;

[0059] In addition, the reaction temperature in the catalytic core 4 is monitored by the first temperature sensor 12, and the temperature of the heat exchange chamber of the catalytic core 2 is monitored by the second temperature sensor 13, until the catalytic core 4 reaches the optimal temperature range of the denitration catalytic reaction, and then the opening sizes of the fourth electromagnetic flow valve 35 and the fifth electromagnetic flow valve 36 are adjusted so that the flue gas flow through the separation tube 34 is equal to the flue gas discharge rate of the incinerator, and at the same time, the ammonia supply amount is restored to the optimal supply amount range through the external ammonia supply pump;

[0060] In addition, the impeller 33 is driven to rotate by the flue gas, and the impeller 33 drives the uniform distribution disk 31 to rotate through the rotating shaft 32. The uniform distribution disk 31 drives the flue gas and ammonia water mixture in its mixing hole 3101 to be evenly distributed, further improving the catalytic reaction efficiency in the catalytic core 4 and improving the heating efficiency of the catalytic core 4 during the startup stage.

[0061] Compared with the conventional denitrification tower, the present invention controls the flow rate of the flue gas passing through the separation tube 34 by providing a separation tube 34 and a fourth electromagnetic flow valve 35 and a fifth electromagnetic flow valve 36 arranged thereon, thereby increasing the concentration of the flue gas retained in the catalytic core tube 4 during the startup phase of the denitrification catalytic reaction, and fully mixing the ammonia water and the flue gas through the uniform distribution plate 31, thereby improving the reaction efficiency of the mixture in the catalytic core tube 4, utilizing the heat release of the denitrification catalytic reaction to accelerate the heating rate of the catalytic core tube 4, and cooperating with the air intake pipe 8 and the first electromagnetic flow valve 19 to inject more superheated steam into the heat exchange chamber to heat the catalytic core tube 4, thereby further improving the heating rate of the catalytic core tube 4 in the initial stage, reducing the duration of the initial stage of the denitrification catalytic reaction, and allowing the flue gas in the initial stage of the denitrification catalytic reaction to be fully denitrated, thereby improving the flue gas denitrification treatment and waste heat utilization efficiency.

[0062] See also Fig.14 The separation cylinder 34 includes a disc portion 3401 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tower body 1 and a cylindrical portion 3402 fixed on the upper part of the disc portion 3401, the impeller 33 is arranged in the cylindrical portion 3402, the fourth electromagnetic flow valve 35 is fixed on the disc portion 3401 and connected to the inner cavity of the cylindrical portion 3402, and the fifth electromagnetic flow valve 36 is fixed on the disc portion 3401 and connected to the cavities on both sides thereof.

[0063] Specifically, the flow rate of flue gas flowing through the separation cylinder 34 is controlled by controlling the opening sizes of the fourth electromagnetic flow valve 35 and the fifth electromagnetic flow valve 36; in addition, the rotation speed of the impeller 33 is controlled by controlling the relative opening sizes of the fourth electromagnetic flow valve 35 and the fifth electromagnetic flow valve 36, thereby controlling the rotation speed of the uniform distribution disk 31, and in conjunction with an external ammonia supply pump, the mixing concentration and mixing speed of ammonia water and flue gas are controlled to meet different flue gas treatment volume requirements.

[0064] See also Figure 2 and Fig.13 The uniform distribution disk 31 is a disc-shaped structure, the mixing hole 3101 is a through hole that vertically penetrates the uniform distribution disk 31, and the ammonia inlet pipe 37 is rotatably connected to the bottom center position of the uniform distribution disk 31 through a rotating joint and is connected to the filling chamber 3103; a lower guide frame 30 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tower body 1 is provided above the lower heat exchanger 14, and the lower guide frame 30 allows the flue gas entering the tower body 1 to cross from the left side of the lower heat exchanger 14 to the right side of the lower heat exchanger 14 and enter the bottom of the uniform distribution disk 31 through the vent hole provided on the lower guide frame 30, and the lower end of the upper heat exchanger 15 is fixedly connected to an upper guide disk 38 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tower body 1, and the upper guide disk 38 allows the flue gas to enter from the lower part of the upper heat exchanger 15 in a concentrated manner.

[0065] In view of current practical needs, the above-mentioned implementation mode adopted in this application is not limited to the scope of protection. Various changes made within the knowledge scope of technical personnel in this field without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste heat recovery device for a waste incineration denitrification device, characterized in that: The tower body (1) comprises a tower body (1) whose upper end is fixedly connected to a smoke exhaust pipe (27) and whose lower part is fixedly connected to a smoke inlet pipe (16); a catalytic cylinder (2) is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner cavity of the tower body (1); a lower heat exchanger (14) fixedly connected to the tower body (1) and connected to the smoke inlet pipe (16) is provided below the catalytic cylinder (2); an upper heat exchanger (15) fixedly connected to the tower body (1) and connected to the smoke exhaust pipe (27) is provided above the catalytic cylinder (2); the catalytic cylinder (2) comprises a The invention comprises a hollow cylindrical body (3) and a catalytic core (4) penetrating the cylindrical body (3) and fixedly connected to the cylindrical body (3); when the flue gas flows through the catalytic cylinder (2), the flue gas contacts the catalytic material on the inner wall of the catalytic core (4); a heat exchange cavity is formed between the outer wall of the catalytic core (4) and the inner wall of the cylindrical body (3); a recovery pipe (11) connected to the heat exchange cavity and extending to the outside of the tower body (1) is fixed to the outer wall of the cylindrical body (3); and the recovery pipe (11) is connected to an external recovery tank; The lower heat exchanger (14) is fixedly connected to a cooling main pipe (17) and a steam main pipe (18) which are arranged on both sides thereof and extend to the outside of the tower body (1); the inlet end of the cooling main pipe (17) is connected to the water outlet end of an external cooling water circulation pump, the water inlet end of the external cooling water circulation pump is connected to the outlet end of an external steam turbine, the output shaft of the external steam turbine is connected to an external generator, and the inlet end of the external steam turbine is connected to the outlet end of the steam main pipe (18); the steam main pipe (18) is connected to the heat exchange chamber through an air intake pipe (8), and a first electromagnetic flow valve (19) is provided at the connection point between the air intake pipe (8) and the steam main pipe (18), and the amount of superheated steam entering the heat exchange chamber is controlled by the first electromagnetic flow valve (19) to heat and increase the temperature of the catalytic core barrel (4); The upper heat exchanger (15) is fixedly connected to a cooling branch pipe (20) and a steam branch pipe (21) arranged at both ends thereof. The cooling branch pipe (20) is connected to the cooling main pipe (17), and the steam branch pipe (21) is connected to the steam main pipe (18). Cooling water enters the upper heat exchanger (15) through the cooling branch pipe (20) to exchange heat with the flue gas flowing through the upper heat exchanger (15), and the generated superheated steam is injected into the steam main pipe (18) through the steam branch pipe (21); the upper heat exchanger (15) comprises A vertical frame (1501) connected to the tower body (1), the vertical frame (1501) is provided with a vertical smoke cavity (1502) for vertical flow of smoke, a plurality of vertical heat exchange tubes (1504) are fixedly connected in the vertical smoke cavity (1502), the vertical heat exchange tubes (1504) are hollow tubes and are connected to an upper jacket cavity (1503) provided inside the vertical frame (1501), and a cooling branch pipe (20) and a steam branch pipe (21) are respectively provided on both sides of the upper jacket cavity (1503) and are connected thereto; A plurality of arc-shaped guide plates (28) are fixedly connected to the upper outer wall of the vertical heat exchange tube (1504), and adjacent arc-shaped guide plates (28) are staggered and face opposite directions. A water collecting trough is formed between the arc-shaped guide plates (28) facing upward and the vertical heat exchange tube (1504). A drainage hole (29) is provided on the inner wall of the vertical smoke cavity (1502) facing the water inlet end of the cooling branch pipe (20). A water collecting trough (29) is provided in the upper jacket cavity (1503). A water collecting pipe (22) is provided which is connected to the drainage hole (29). The water collecting pipe (22) extends to the outside of the tower body (1) and is connected to a water storage tank (23). The lower end of the water storage tank (23) is connected to a water supply pipe (25). The water supply pipe (25) is connected to the heat exchange chamber through a water inlet pipe (10). A second electromagnetic flow valve (24) is fixedly connected to the water collecting pipe (22), and a third electromagnetic flow valve (26) is fixedly connected to the water supply pipe (25).

2. The waste heat recovery device for denitrification equipment for waste incineration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lower heat exchanger (14) comprises a horizontal frame (1401), a horizontal smoke cavity (1402) for horizontal flow of smoke is provided on the inner side of the horizontal frame (1401), a plurality of horizontal heat exchange tubes (1404) are fixedly connected in the horizontal smoke cavity (1402), the horizontal heat exchange tubes (1404) are hollow tubes and are connected to a lower jacket cavity (1403) provided inside the shell wall of the horizontal frame (1401), a cooling main pipe (17) and a steam main pipe (18) are both connected to the lower jacket cavity (1403) and are diagonally distributed on both sides of the lower jacket cavity (1403).

3. The waste heat recovery device for denitrification equipment for waste incineration according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A uniform distribution disk (31) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the tower body (1) is provided below the catalytic cylinder (2); a plurality of mixing holes (3101) are provided on the uniform distribution disk (31); the mixing holes (3101) are connected to a filling chamber (3103) provided at the center of the uniform distribution disk (31) through radial channels (3102); an ammonia inlet pipe (37) rotatably connected to the filling chamber (3103) is provided below the uniform distribution disk (31); the ammonia inlet pipe (37) is connected to an external ammonia supply pump; The upper end of the uniform distribution plate (31) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (32) that penetrates the catalytic cylinder (2) and is rotatably connected to the catalytic cylinder (2); the upper end of the rotating shaft (32) is fixedly connected to an impeller (33); a partition cylinder (34) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tower body (1) is sleeved on the outer side of the impeller (33); a fourth electromagnetic flow valve (35) is fixedly connected to the partition cylinder (34) at a position below the impeller (33); and a fifth electromagnetic flow valve (36) is fixedly connected to the partition cylinder (34) at a position outside the impeller (33).

4. The waste heat recovery device for denitrification equipment for waste incineration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heat exchange chamber is provided with a sleeve (5) sleeved on the outside of the catalytic core barrel (4), and an annular gap open at the top and bottom is formed between the sleeve (5) and the catalytic core barrel (4). The sleeve (5) is a vertical cylindrical structure and the upper and lower ends are fixedly connected to the upper and lower inner walls of the heat exchange chamber through support columns (6). The sleeve (5) is fixedly connected to an air distribution pipe (7) and a water distribution pipe (9) which are symmetrically distributed up and down and communicated with the annular gap.

5. The waste heat recovery device for denitrification equipment for waste incineration according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The air distribution pipe (7) comprises an inner annular pipe (701) and an outer annular pipe (702) arranged inside and outside the sleeve (5), and a radial pipe (703) connecting the two. The inner annular pipe (701) and the outer annular pipe (702) are fixedly connected to a bridging pipe (704) communicating with the inner cavity of the sleeve (5) on one side relative to the sleeve (5). The water distribution pipe (9) has the same structure as the air distribution pipe (7).

6. The waste heat recovery device for denitrification equipment for waste incineration according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The separation tube (34) is fixedly connected to a first temperature sensor (12) extending into the catalytic core tube (4); the outer wall of the tower body (1) is fixedly connected to a second temperature sensor (13) extending into the heat exchange chamber; an external ammonia supply pump, a first electromagnetic flow valve (19), a second electromagnetic flow valve (24), a third electromagnetic flow valve (26), a fourth electromagnetic flow valve (35), and a fifth electromagnetic flow valve (36) are all electrically connected to the same controller.

7. The waste heat recovery device for denitrification equipment for waste incineration according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The separation cylinder (34) comprises a disc portion (3401) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tower body (1) and a cylindrical portion (3402) fixed on the upper part of the disc portion (3401); the impeller (33) is arranged in the cylindrical portion (3402); the fourth electromagnetic flow valve (35) is fixed on the disc portion (3401) and is connected to the inner cavity of the cylindrical portion (3402); and the fifth electromagnetic flow valve (36) is fixed on the disc portion (3401) and is connected to the cavities on both sides thereof.

8. The waste heat recovery device for denitrification equipment for waste incineration according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The ammonia inlet pipe (37) is rotatably connected to the center position of the bottom of the uniform distribution plate (31) through a rotating joint and is communicated with the filling chamber (3103); a lower guide frame (30) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tower body (1) is provided above the lower heat exchanger (14); an upper guide plate (38) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tower body (1) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper heat exchanger (15); the upper guide plate (38) allows the flue gas to enter from the lower part of the upper heat exchanger (15) in a concentrated manner.

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