Multi-section cupola furnace

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-section cupola furnace, and particularly relates to the technical field of cupola furnaces, the multi-section cupola furnace comprises a main furnace body, a feeding port is formed in one side of the top of the main furnace body, an air blower is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the side, close to the feeding port, of a preheating box, and ejector rods are rotationally connected to the ends, away from eccentric wheels, of swing plates; heat in high-temperature waste gas is used for preheating furnace charge, the situation that the smelting effect of the main furnace body is affected due to the fact that the furnace charge contains moisture is avoided, meanwhile, the melting efficiency of the main furnace body can be improved by preheating the furnace charge, the material receiving box is driven by the ejector rod to reciprocate up and down, and the furnace charge is made to make full contact with high-temperature gas blown out of the gas outlet nozzle; further, the problem of insufficient preheating of the furnace charge is effectively avoided, the furnace charge is effectively and fully preheated in a manner of shaking the furnace charge and blowing high-temperature waste gas, so that the furnace charge can be better melted by the main furnace body, and the recycling rate of heat energy is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention provides a multi-stage cupola, and particularly relates to the technical field of cupolas. Background Art

[0002] A cupola is a cylindrical melting furnace, mainly used in casting production. It melts cast iron blocks into molten iron and pours it into sand molds. After cooling, the castings are taken out. The entire furnace body is composed of multiple sections, including the front furnace and the rear furnace, and the rear furnace is composed of the top furnace, waist furnace, and furnace.

[0003] Authorization announcement No. CN213841714U discloses a cupola with an energy-saving device, which can partially recycle high-temperature exhaust gas and burn it again, reducing exhaust gas emissions, making full use of resources, and using the heat energy in the exhaust gas to preheat materials, saving energy.

[0004] When the cupola preheats the material, the material is first put into the preheating box, and then the exhaust gas in the furnace is passed into the preheating box through the blower, so that the high-temperature exhaust gas contacts the surface of the material, thereby preheating the material. After the preheating is completed, the material is pushed into the furnace for smelting through the hydraulic cylinder. However, this preheating method still has shortcomings: the high-temperature exhaust gas passed into the preheating box cannot fully contact the material, and the materials are stacked on each other, which causes some materials to be unable to contact the high-temperature exhaust gas in time, resulting in uneven preheating of the material, which not only affects the subsequent smelting efficiency of the material, but also fails to fully and effectively utilize the heat of the exhaust gas, and there is still a problem of heat energy waste.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention proposes a multi-stage cupola to make up for and improve the deficiencies of the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the defects existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-stage cupola, which can effectively solve the relevant technical problems raised by the background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0008] The invention discloses a multi-stage cupola furnace, comprising a main furnace body, a feeding port is arranged on one side of the top of the main furnace body, and a preheating component is arranged on the side of the feeding port away from the main furnace body.

[0009] The preheating assembly includes a preheating box fixedly connected to a side of the feed port away from the main furnace body, the side of the preheating box away from the main furnace body is connected to a discharge pipe, the top center of the preheating box is connected to a drop hopper, four spring telescopic rods are evenly fixedly connected to the bottom surface inside the preheating box, and a material receiving box is fixedly connected to the telescopic ends of the four spring telescopic rods, and a blower is fixedly installed on the top surface of the preheating box close to the feed port, the top exhaust end of the blower is connected to an exhaust pipe, one end of the exhaust pipe away from the blower is connected to the inside of the main furnace body, the bottom air outlet end of the blower is connected to an exhaust pipe, and one end of the exhaust pipe away from the blower is connected to two air outlet nozzles.

[0010] A reciprocating material shaking mechanism is also provided at the bottom of the preheating box, and the reciprocating material shaking mechanism includes a bearing plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the preheating box and away from the main furnace body, a motor is fixedly installed on the top surface of the bearing plate, and a transmission is fixedly installed on the top surface of the bearing plate and on the side close to the preheating box, the output shaft of the motor and the input shaft of the transmission are connected by a coupling, the output shaft of the transmission passes through the preheating box and extends to the interior of the preheating box, a ratchet disk is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the transmission located in the preheating box, a main shaft rod is rotatably connected to a position corresponding to the ratchet disk on the bottom surface of the preheating box, a coaxial disk is coaxially fixed to one end of the main shaft rod close to the ratchet disk, and the coaxial disk is coaxially fixed to the coaxial disk. A torsion spring pawl is rotatably provided on the surface of one side of the shaft disk close to the ratchet disk, and the torsion spring pawl is meshed with the ratchet disk. The bottom surface inside the preheating box is rotatably connected to two twin shafts, a synchronous component 1 is transmission-connected between one of the twin shafts and the main shaft rod, and a synchronous component 2 is transmission-connected between the two twin shafts, and eccentric wheels are fixedly connected at both ends of the two twin shafts. There are four eccentric wheels in total, and the four eccentric wheels are rotatably connected to swing plates at eccentric positions away from one end of the twin shafts, and the end of the swing plate away from the eccentric wheel is rotatably connected to a push rod, and a perforated plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the preheating box and at a position corresponding to each of the push rods, and the push rod passes through the perforated plate.

[0011] Preferably, a rib plate is fixedly provided between one side of the bottom of the preheating box close to the outer wall of the main furnace body and the outer wall of the main furnace body.

[0012] Preferably, an electrically controlled telescopic rod is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the preheating box near the feed port, a baffle plate is slidably connected to the middle of the feed port, and the telescopic end of the electrically controlled telescopic rod is fixedly connected to an outer wall of one side of the baffle plate.

[0013] Preferably, the torsion spring pawl is composed of a pawl meshing with the ratchet disk and a torsion spring, wherein the torsion spring is connected to a rotational connection portion between the pawl and the coaxial disk.

[0014] Preferably, the perforated plate is provided with a rectangular hole for the vertical displacement of the push rod up and down, and a circular rubber pad is provided on the top of the push rod.

[0015] Preferably, a matching pushing mechanism is provided inside the preheating box, and the matching pushing mechanism includes two synchronous wheels symmetrically connected to the inner side wall of the preheating box, a synchronous wheel close to the ratchet plate is transmission-connected with a synchronous component three, and the ratchet plate drives the synchronous wheel to rotate synchronously through the synchronous component three, and a synchronous belt is transmission-connected between the two synchronous wheels, and a rod block is fixedly connected to the synchronous belt, and a T-shaped plate is slidably connected to the side of the preheating box close to the synchronous belt, a vertical groove is provided on the T-shaped plate, and the rod block and the vertical groove are slidingly arranged, and the top surface of the T-shaped plate is fixedly connected to an L-shaped plate, and an electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the bottom of the L-shaped plate away from the T-shaped plate, and a pushing plate is fixedly connected to the lower telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod, and the pushing plate is initially located above the receiving box.

[0016] Preferably, the belt rod block consists of a block body and a rod body, wherein the block body is fixed on the outer surface of the synchronous belt, and the rod body is slidably connected in the vertical groove.

[0017] Preferably, a T-shaped slider is provided at one end of the T-shaped plate close to the inner side wall of the preheating box, and a sliding groove for horizontal displacement of the T-shaped slider is provided on the inner wall of the preheating box.

[0018] Preferably, the top surface of the L-shaped plate is fixedly connected to a top plate, and two heat-resistant bristles are symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the top plate. The two heat-resistant bristles correspond to the positions of two air outlets, and the heat-resistant bristles fit the inner wall of the air outlet.

[0019] Compared with the known prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The multi-stage cupola uses a blower to extract the high-temperature exhaust gas from the main furnace body, causing the high-temperature exhaust gas to blow toward the charge in the receiving box, and then extracts the high-temperature exhaust gas from the preheating box through an exhaust pipe and an external exhaust gas purification device, thereby causing the high-temperature exhaust gas to circulate in the preheating box, thereby utilizing the heat in the high-temperature exhaust gas to preheat the charge, thereby preventing moisture in the charge from affecting the smelting effect of the main furnace body, and at the same time, by preheating the charge, the melting efficiency of the main furnace body can also be improved;

[0021] The external force generated by the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the receiving box is used to shake out the next batch of furnace charges that fall into the receiving box, thereby preventing the furnace charges from piling up in the receiving box. The upper rod drives the receiving box to reciprocate up and down, so that the furnace charges are fully in contact with the high-temperature gas blown out of the gas outlet nozzle, thereby effectively avoiding the problem of insufficient preheating of the furnace charges. By shaking out the furnace charges and coordinating with the blowing of high-temperature exhaust gas, the furnace charges are effectively preheated, so that the furnace charges are better melted by the main furnace body, thereby improving the recovery rate of heat energy.

[0022] When the charge falls into the receiving box, the four spring telescopic rods at the bottom of the receiving box can buffer the charge falling into the receiving box, thereby reducing the damage to the receiving box caused by the impact of the charge and prolonging the service life of the receiving box.

[0023] Use two heat-resistant brushes to scrape the inner walls of the two outlet nozzles in real time to prevent the ash in the high-temperature gas from being blocked in the two outlet nozzles, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of the two outlet nozzles in discharging high-temperature exhaust gas, which is beneficial for the high-temperature exhaust gas to be better blown out and contacted with the charge in the receiving box, thereby improving the preheating effect of the high-temperature exhaust gas blown out by the outlet nozzle on the charge;

[0024] Through the cooperation of the electric telescopic rod and the push plate and other components, after the charge is preheated, the motor output shaft is controlled to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the bottom of the push plate to move back and forth horizontally against the bottom of the receiving box, so as to push the charge smoothly into the main furnace body, and the push plate will continue to move back and forth horizontally, so that all the charge can be better delivered to the interior of the main furnace body, avoiding the preheated charge from remaining in the receiving box, which is beneficial to the next preheating and pushing of the charge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a main perspective structural diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the relevant components of the preheating box in the present invention in a cut-away state;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the main furnace body and the preheating box in the present invention in a cut-away state;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the relevant components of the preheating box in the present invention in a cut-away state from another viewing angle;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the relevant components of the load-bearing plate and the preheating box in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a partial exploded structural diagram of the relevant parts of the ratchet disc in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the relevant parts at the bottom of the material receiving box in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the related components at the twin shaft in the present invention;

[0033] Fig. 9 It is a partially cutaway three-dimensional structural diagram of the spring telescopic rod in the present invention;

[0034] Fig.10 It is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the relevant parts of the ratchet disc and the synchronous wheel in the present invention;

[0035] Fig.11 It is a partial bottom-up stereoscopic structural diagram of the synchronous wheel and the synchronous belt related parts in the present invention;

[0036] Fig.12 It is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the relevant components of the rod block and the push plate in the present invention.

[0037] The numbers in the figure represent:

[0038] 1. Main furnace body; 11. Feeding port; 111. Electric telescopic rod; 112. Baffle plate;

[0039] Preheating components: 12, preheating box; 121, rib plate; 122, discharge pipe; 13, drop hopper; 131, receiving box; 132, spring telescopic rod; 14, blower; 141, exhaust pipe; 15, exhaust pipe; 16, air outlet nozzle;

[0040] Reciprocating material shaking mechanism: 21, bearing plate; 22, motor; 23, transmission; 24, ratchet plate; 25, main shaft rod; 26, coaxial plate; 27, torsion spring claw; 28, twin shaft; 29, eccentric wheel; 210, swing plate; 211, push rod; 212, plate with holes;

[0041] Cooperating pushing mechanism: 31, synchronous wheel; 32, synchronous belt; 33, rod block; 34, T-shaped plate; 341, vertical groove; 35, L-shaped plate; 351, top plate; 352, heat-resistant bristles; 36, electric telescopic rod; 37, pushing plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0043] Embodiment 1:

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, a multi-stage cupola furnace comprises a main furnace body 1 , and a feed inlet 11 is provided on one side of the top of the main furnace body 1 .

[0045] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, a preheating assembly is provided on the side of the feed port 11 away from the main furnace body 1: the preheating assembly includes a preheating box 12 fixedly connected to the side of the feed port 11 away from the main furnace body 1, and a rib plate 121 is fixedly provided between the side of the bottom of the preheating box 12 close to the outer wall of the main furnace body 1 and the outer wall of the main furnace body 1. The rib plate 121 is obliquely arranged between the bottom of the preheating box 12 and the outer wall of the main furnace body 1, and is used to improve the firmness of the connection between the preheating box 12 and the main furnace body 1. A discharge pipe 122 is connected to the side of the preheating box 12 away from the main furnace body 1, and the discharge pipe 122 is used to connect to the exhaust gas purification treatment equipment in the prior art. A drop hopper 13 is connected to the center of the top of the preheating box 12, and a cover body is provided on the top surface of the drop hopper 13. Both sides of the cover body are slidably arranged on the top of the preheating box 12, and the top of the drop hopper 13 is sealed by the cover body. Four spring telescopic rods 132 are evenly fixedly connected to the bottom surface inside the preheating box 12. The four spring telescopic rods 132 are distributed in a rectangular shape. A material receiving box 131 is fixedly connected to the telescopic ends of the four spring telescopic rods 132. The side of the material receiving box 131 close to the feed port 11 is open. It is first connected to the feed port 11 through the open part, and then connected to the inside of the main furnace body 1. An electric control telescopic rod 111 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the preheating box 12 close to the feed port 11. A baffle plate 112 is slidably connected to the middle of the feed port 11. The telescopic end of the electric control telescopic rod 111 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one side of the baffle plate 112, and the baffle plate 112 is attached to the side wall of the material receiving box 131. A blower 14 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the preheating box 12 close to the feed port 11. The blower 14 is controlled by an external controller. The top exhaust end of the blower 14 is connected with an exhaust pipe 141, and one end of the exhaust pipe 141 away from the blower 14 is connected with the interior of the main furnace body 1. The bottom exhaust end of the blower 14 is connected with an exhaust pipe 15, and the parts of the blower 14 connected with the exhaust pipe 141 and the exhaust pipe 15 are respectively installed with solenoid valves. The end of the exhaust pipe 15 away from the blower 14 is connected with two exhaust nozzles 16, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the top of the preheating box 12, and the two exhaust nozzles 16 are also located on both sides above the material receiving box 131, and the two exhaust nozzles 16 are oppositely inclined toward the top of the material receiving box 131. The exhaust pipe 141, the exhaust pipe 15, and the exhaust nozzle 16 are all made of stainless steel.

[0046] like Figures 1 to 9As shown, a reciprocating material shaking mechanism is also provided at the bottom of the preheating box 12, and the reciprocating material shaking mechanism includes a bearing plate 21 fixedly connected to the bottom of the preheating box 12 and away from the main furnace body 1. A motor 22 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the bearing plate 21, and the motor 22 is controlled by an external controller. A transmission 23 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the bearing plate 21 and close to the preheating box 12. An external box body is provided on the bearing plate 21, and the box body protects the motor 22 and the transmission 23. The output shaft of the motor 22 is connected to the input shaft of the transmission 23 through a coupling. The output shaft of the transmission 23 passes through the preheating box 12 and extends to the inside of the preheating box 12. A ratchet disk 24 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the transmission 23 located in the preheating box 12. A main shaft rod 25 is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the preheating box 12 at a position corresponding to the ratchet disk 24. A coaxial disk 26 is coaxially fixed to one end of the main shaft rod 25 close to the ratchet disk 24. A torsion spring pawl 27 is rotatably provided on the surface of one side of the coaxial disk 26 close to the ratchet disk 24. The torsion spring pawl 27 is meshed with the ratchet disk 24. The torsion spring pawl 27 is composed of a ratchet pawl meshed with the ratchet disk 24 and a torsion spring, wherein the torsion spring is connected to the rotation connection portion between the ratchet pawl and the coaxial disk 26. Two twin shafts 28 are rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the preheating box 12. The two twin shafts 28 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bottom surface of the preheating box 12. A synchronous component 1 is transmission-connected between one twin shaft 28 and the main shaft rod 25. The main shaft rod 25 drives one twin shaft 28 to rotate synchronously through the synchronous component 1. A synchronous component 2 is transmission-connected between the two twin shafts 28. The two twin shafts 28 rotate synchronously through the synchronous component 2. The above-mentioned synchronous components 1 and 2 are both composed of pulleys and belts, wherein pulleys are fixedly arranged between the outer wall of the main shaft rod 25 and the outer wall of one twin shaft 28, and the two pulleys are connected by belt transmission, and the two twin shafts 28 are also connected by pulleys and belt transmission. Both ends of the two twin shafts 28 are fixedly connected with eccentric wheels 29, and there are four eccentric wheels 29 in total. The four eccentric wheels 29 are rotatably connected with a swing plate 210 at the eccentric position away from one end of the twin shafts 28, and the end of the swing plate 210 away from the eccentric wheel 29 is rotatably connected with a push rod 211. The inner wall of the preheating box 12 and the position corresponding to each push rod 211 are fixedly connected with a perforated plate 212, and the push rod 211 passes through the perforated plate 212. The perforated plate 212 is provided with a rectangular hole for the push rod 211 to move vertically up and down, and a circular rubber pad is provided on the top of the push rod 211, and the rubber pad can reduce the wear of the push rod 211 on the bottom of the material receiving box 131.

[0047] In use: During the operation of the main furnace body 1, when the next batch of furnace charge (iron ore) needs to be put into the main furnace body 1, the staff first slides open the cover on the top of the hopper 13, and then pours the furnace charge from the hopper 13 into the preheating box 12, so that the furnace charge falls into the receiving box 131. When the furnace charge falls into the receiving box 131, the four spring telescopic rods 132 at the bottom of the receiving box 131 can buffer the furnace charge from falling into the receiving box 131, thereby reducing the damage to the receiving box 131 caused by the impact of the furnace charge, and prolonging the service life of the receiving box 131.

[0048] Then, the staff starts the blower 14 through the external controller, and opens the solenoid valve at the connection between the exhaust pipe 141, the exhaust pipe 15 and the blower 14. After the blower 14 is started, the high-temperature exhaust gas generated inside the main furnace body 1 will be extracted through the exhaust pipe 141, and then sent to the inside of the preheating box 12 through the exhaust pipe 15 and the air outlet nozzle 16. There are two air outlet nozzles 16, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides above the material receiving box 131, so that the high-temperature exhaust gas blown out by the two air outlet nozzles 16 will be directly blown to the furnace charge falling into the material receiving box 131. At the same time, since the exhaust pipe 122 is connected to the side of the preheating box 12 away from the main furnace body 1, the exhaust pipe 122 can be connected to the existing technology of the external exhaust gas purification equipment in advance, so that the high-temperature exhaust gas entering the preheating box 12 is extracted and purified through the external exhaust gas purification equipment and the exhaust pipe 122. In this way, the high-temperature exhaust gas inside the main furnace body 1 is extracted by the blower 14, and the high-temperature exhaust gas is blown toward the charge in the receiving box 131, and then the high-temperature exhaust gas is extracted out of the preheating box 12 through the exhaust pipe 122 and the external exhaust gas purification equipment, so as to cause the high-temperature exhaust gas to circulate in the preheating box 12, so as to use the heat in the high-temperature exhaust gas to preheat the charge, thereby avoiding moisture in the charge and affecting the smelting effect of the main furnace body 1. At the same time, by preheating the charge, the melting efficiency of the main furnace body 1 can also be improved.

[0049] When the charge falls into the receiving box 131, the motor 22 is started by the external controller at the same time, and the output shaft of the transmission 23 is driven by the motor 22 to rotate clockwise. The rotation direction is only for reference. Figure 5As shown, the output shaft of the transmission 23 drives the ratchet disc 24 to rotate synchronously, and the coaxial disc 26 and the main shaft rod 25 rotate synchronously with the clockwise rotation of the ratchet disc 24 and the torsion spring claw 27. As the main shaft rod 25 rotates, it will drive a twin shaft 28 to rotate synchronously clockwise through the synchronization component 1, and the twin shaft 28 will drive another twin shaft 28 to rotate synchronously through the synchronization component 2, so that both twin shafts 28 will rotate synchronously clockwise. As the two twin shafts 28 rotate clockwise, the four eccentric wheels 29 will rotate synchronously, thereby driving the swing plate 210 to rotate through the eccentric wheel 29, and under the limiting effect of the rectangular hole on the top rod 211, the top rod 211 is driven to move up and down reciprocatingly through the swing plate 210. When the four push rods 211 move upward at the same time, they will push the bottom of the material receiving box 131 upward at the same time. In the process, the telescopic ends of the four spring telescopic rods 132 will move upward synchronously, and the spring inside the spring telescopic rods 132 will be stretched. When the four push rods 211 move downward, the material receiving box 131 is driven to move downward and reset under the action of the spring's resilience. In this cycle, as the push rods 211 reciprocate up and down, the material receiving box 131 is prompted to reciprocate up and down. During the reciprocating up and down movement of the material receiving box 131, the telescopic end of the electric control telescopic rod 111 is not extended, that is, the material blocking plate 112 is blocked at the feed inlet 11, that is, the furnace charge in the material receiving box 131 will not fall into the interior of the main furnace body 1 from the feed inlet 11.

[0050] Therefore, the external force generated by the up and down reciprocating motion of the receiving box 131 is utilized to cause the next batch of charge falling into the receiving box 131 to be shaken apart, thereby preventing the charge from piling up in the receiving box 131. The top rod 211 drives the receiving box 131 to reciprocate up and down, thereby causing the charge to fully contact with the high-temperature gas blown out by the gas outlet nozzle 16, thereby effectively avoiding the problem of insufficient preheating of the charge. By shaking the charge apart and coordinating with the blowing of high-temperature exhaust gas, the charge can be effectively preheated, thereby facilitating the charge to be better melted by the main furnace body 1, thereby facilitating efficient smelting of the main furnace body 1.

[0051] Embodiment 2:

[0052] like Figure 2 , Figures 10 to 12As shown, the multi-stage cupola also includes a matching pushing mechanism arranged inside the preheating box 12, the matching pushing mechanism includes two synchronous wheels 31 symmetrically connected to the inner side wall of the preheating box 12, a synchronous component three is transmission-connected between the synchronous wheel 31 near the ratchet disk 24 and the ratchet disk 24, the ratchet disk 24 drives the synchronous wheel 31 to rotate synchronously through the synchronous component three, the above-mentioned synchronous component three is also composed of two pulleys and a belt transmission-connected between the two pulleys, one pulley is coaxially fixed with the synchronous wheel 31 near the ratchet disk 24, and the other pulley is fixed on the annular surface of the ratchet disk 24, a synchronous belt 32 is transmission-connected between the two synchronous wheels 31, a belt rod block 33 is fixedly connected to the synchronous belt 32, a T-shaped plate 34 is slidably connected to the side of the preheating box 12 near the synchronous belt 32, a T-shaped slider is provided at one end of the T-shaped plate 34 near the inner side wall of the preheating box 12, and a slide groove for horizontal displacement of the T-shaped slider is opened on the inner wall of the preheating box 12. The T-shaped plate 34 is provided with a vertical groove 341, and the rod block 33 and the vertical groove 341 are slidably arranged. The rod block 33 is composed of a block and a rod, wherein the block is fixed on the outer surface of the synchronous belt 32, and the rod is slidably connected in the vertical groove 341. The top surface of the T-shaped plate 34 is fixedly connected with an L-shaped plate 35, and the bottom of the L-shaped plate 35 away from the T-shaped plate 34 is fixedly installed with an electric telescopic rod 36, which is controlled by an external controller. The lower telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 36 is fixedly connected with a push plate 37, and the push plate 37 is initially located above the material receiving box 131, that is, when the push plate 37 is in the initial position, its bottom does not contact the bottom surface of the material receiving box 131, and when the electric telescopic rod 36 is started, it will be extended and retracted. The end drives the pushing plate 37 to move vertically downward until it contacts the bottom surface of the receiving box 131; and, the dropping hopper 13 in the above-mentioned embodiment 1 is located in the middle part above the preheating box 12 and the receiving box 131, so that the furnace charge falling into the receiving box 131 will fall into the middle area of ​​the receiving box 131, and when the pushing plate 37 is in the initial position, it is located on the side of the receiving box 131 close to the ratchet disk 24, so that when the pushing plate 37 moves downward and horizontally, it can push the furnace charge in the middle area of ​​the receiving box 131.

[0053] Furthermore, if Fig.10 , Fig.12 As shown, the top surface of the L-shaped plate 35 is fixedly connected to a top plate 351, and two heat-resistant bristles 352 are symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the top plate 351, specifically, a brush made of ceramic fiber. The two heat-resistant bristles 352 correspond to the positions of the two air outlet nozzles 16, and the heat-resistant bristles 352 fit the inner wall of the air outlet nozzle 16.

[0054] When in use: when the output shaft of the transmission 23 in the first embodiment drives the ratchet disc 24 to rotate clockwise, it will also drive a synchronous wheel 31 to rotate synchronously through the synchronous component 2, and after the synchronous wheel 31 rotates, it will also drive another synchronous wheel 31 to rotate synchronously through the synchronous belt 32, and with the transmission of the synchronous belt 32, under the limiting effect of the vertical groove 341, the belt rod block 33 is forced to move back and forth in the vertical groove 341, and with the continued transmission of the synchronous belt 32, the belt rod block 33 and the vertical groove 341 will drive the T-shaped plate 34 to move back and forth horizontally along the track of the slide groove, thereby driving the L-shaped plate 35, the top plate 351, the heat-resistant bristles 352 and the push plate 37 to move back and forth horizontally synchronously. In this process, since the push plate 37 is located above the material receiving box 131 in the initial position and its bottom does not contact the inner bottom surface of the material receiving box 131, the push plate 37 will not block the up and down reciprocating displacement of the material receiving box 131 in this process. As the two heat-resistant bristles 352 move back and forth horizontally, they will move synchronously along the inner walls of the two air outlet nozzles 16 , thereby scraping and brushing the inner walls of the two air outlet nozzles 16 in real time.

[0055] Therefore, when the receiving box 131 reciprocates up and down and the two gas outlet nozzles 16 discharge high-temperature exhaust gas, two heat-resistant bristles 352 are used to scrape the inner walls of the two gas outlet nozzles 16 in real time, so as to prevent the ash in the high-temperature gas from being blocked in the two gas outlet nozzles 16, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of the two gas outlet nozzles 16 in discharging high-temperature exhaust gas, and further facilitating the high-temperature exhaust gas to be better blown out and contacted with the charge in the receiving box 131, thereby enhancing the preheating effect of the high-temperature exhaust gas blown out by the gas outlet nozzles 16 on the charge.

[0056] When the preheating is finished and the last melted charge inside the main furnace body 1 is exhausted, it is necessary to feed the next wave of preheated charge into the main furnace body 1. At this time, the output shaft of the motor 22 is controlled by the external controller to rotate in the opposite direction. During this process, the output shaft of the transmission 23 rotates in the opposite direction synchronously. The output shaft of the transmission 23 rotates in the opposite direction. Under the action of the ratchet disc 24 and the torsion spring claw 27, the coaxial disc 26 and the main shaft rod 25 will not be driven to rotate. That is to say, when the charge needs to be fed into the main furnace body 1, the material receiving box 131 will not move up and down, that is, it is in a motionless state. At the same time, the electric telescopic rod 36 and the electric control telescopic rod 111 are started again, and the push plate 37 is driven to move downward through the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 36, so that the bottom of the push plate 37 contacts the bottom surface of the material receiving box 131. Through the telescopic end of the electric control telescopic rod 111, the blocking plate 112 is driven to move horizontally in the direction away from the feed inlet 11, and the material receiving box 131 is connected with the feed inlet 11. When the output shaft of the transmission 23 rotates in the opposite direction, the ratchet disc 24 rotates synchronously, so that the two synchronous wheels 31 continue to rotate, and the synchronous belt 32 continues to transmit, which in turn drives the push plate 37 to move horizontally back and forth. When the push plate 37 moves horizontally toward the feed port 11, the preheated furnace charge in the receiving box 131 is pushed to the position of the feed port 11, and finally sent into the main furnace body 1, thereby realizing automatic pushing of the furnace charge.

[0057] Therefore, through the cooperation of the electric telescopic rod 36 and the push plate 37 and other components, after the charge is preheated, the output shaft of the control motor 22 is rotated in the opposite direction, so that the bottom of the push plate 37 is moved back and forth horizontally against the bottom of the receiving box 131, so as to push the charge smoothly into the main furnace body 1, and the push plate 37 will continue to move back and forth horizontally, so that all the charge can be better delivered to the interior of the main furnace body 1, avoiding the preheated charge from remaining in the receiving box 131, thereby facilitating the preheating and pushing of the charge next time.

[0058] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage cupola furnace, comprising a main furnace body (1), wherein one side of the top of the main furnace body (1) is provided with a feed inlet (11), characterized in that: A preheating component is provided on the side of the feed inlet (11) away from the main furnace body (1); The preheating assembly comprises a preheating box (12) fixedly connected to a side of the feed port (11) away from the main furnace body (1); a discharge pipe (122) is connected to the side of the preheating box (12) away from the main furnace body (1); a drop hopper (13) is connected to the top center of the preheating box (12); four spring telescopic rods (132) are evenly fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the preheating box (12); and a material receiving box (131) is fixedly connected to the telescopic ends of the four spring telescopic rods (132). ), a blower (14) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the preheating box (12) near the feeding port (11), an exhaust pipe (141) is connected to the top exhaust end of the blower (14), one end of the exhaust pipe (141) away from the blower (14) is connected to the interior of the main furnace body (1), an exhaust pipe (15) is connected to the bottom exhaust end of the blower (14), and one end of the exhaust pipe (15) away from the blower (14) is connected to two exhaust nozzles (16); The bottom of the preheating box (12) is also provided with a reciprocating material shaking mechanism, which comprises a bearing plate (21) fixedly connected to the bottom of the preheating box (12) and away from the main furnace body (1), a motor (22) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the bearing plate (21), and a transmission (23) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the bearing plate (21) and close to the preheating box (12), and the output shaft of the motor (22) and the input shaft of the transmission (23) are connected via a coupling. The output shaft of the transmission (23) passes through the preheating box (12) and extends into the interior of the preheating box (12); a ratchet disc (24) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the transmission (23) located in the preheating box (12); a main shaft (25) is rotatably connected to a position of the bottom surface of the interior of the preheating box (12) corresponding to the ratchet disc (24); a coaxial disc (26) is coaxially fixed to one end of the main shaft (25) close to the ratchet disc (24); and the coaxial disc (26) A torsion spring claw (27) is rotatably provided on a surface of one side close to the ratchet disc (24), and the torsion spring claw (27) and the ratchet disc (24) are meshed with each other. The bottom surface inside the preheating box (12) is rotatably connected to two twin shafts (28). A synchronous component 1 is transmission-connected between one of the twin shafts (28) and the main shaft (25), and a synchronous component 2 is transmission-connected between the two twin shafts (28). Both ends of the two twin shafts (28) are fixedly connected to eccentric wheels (29). There are four eccentric wheels (29) in total, and the four eccentric wheels (29) are rotatably connected to a swing plate (210) at an eccentric position away from one end of the twin shaft (28), and the swing plate (210) is rotatably connected to one end away from the eccentric wheel (29). A perforated plate (212) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the preheating box (12) at a position corresponding to each of the push rods (211), and the push rods (211) pass through the perforated plate (212).

2. The multi-stage cupola according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rib plate (121) is fixedly arranged between the outer wall of the main furnace body (1) and the bottom of the preheating box (12), on one side close to the outer wall of the main furnace body (1).

3. The multi-stage cupola according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electrically controlled telescopic rod (111) is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the preheating box (12) on one side close to the feed port (11); a material blocking plate (112) is slidably connected to the middle of the feed port (11); and a telescopic end of the electrically controlled telescopic rod (111) is fixedly connected to an outer wall of one side of the material blocking plate (112).

4. The multi-stage cupola according to claim 1, characterized in that: The torsion spring pawl (27) is composed of a pawl meshing with the ratchet disk (24) and a torsion spring, wherein the torsion spring is connected to the rotation connection portion between the pawl and the coaxial disk (26).

5. The multi-stage cupola according to claim 1, characterized in that: The perforated plate (212) is provided with a rectangular hole for the top rod (211) to vertically move up and down, and a circular rubber pad is provided on the top of the top rod (211).

6. The multi-stage cupola according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the preheating box (12) is provided with a matching pushing mechanism, and the matching pushing mechanism comprises two synchronous wheels (31) symmetrically connected to the inner side wall of the preheating box (12), a synchronous component three is transmission-connected between the synchronous wheel (31) on the side close to the ratchet disc (24) and the ratchet disc (24), the ratchet disc (24) drives the synchronous wheel (31) to rotate synchronously through the synchronous component three, a synchronous belt (32) is transmission-connected between the two synchronous wheels (31), and a belt rod block (33) is fixedly connected to the synchronous belt (32), and the preheating box (12) A T-shaped plate (34) is slidably connected to one side of the inner part and close to the synchronous belt (32); a vertical groove (341) is provided on the T-shaped plate (34); the belt rod block (33) and the vertical groove (341) are slidably arranged; an L-shaped plate (35) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the T-shaped plate (34); an electric telescopic rod (36) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the L-shaped plate (35) away from the T-shaped plate (34); a push plate (37) is fixedly connected to the lower telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod (36); and the push plate (37) is initially located above the receiving box (131).

7. The multi-stage cupola according to claim 6, characterized in that: The belt rod block (33) consists of a block body and a rod body, wherein the block body is fixed on the outer surface of the synchronous belt (32), and the rod body is slidably connected in the vertical groove (341).

8. The multi-stage cupola according to claim 6, characterized in that: A T-shaped slider is provided at one end of the T-shaped plate (34) close to the inner side wall of the preheating box (12), and a sliding groove for horizontal displacement of the T-shaped slider is provided on the inner wall of the preheating box (12).

9. The multi-stage cupola according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top surface of the L-shaped plate (35) is fixedly connected to a top plate (351), and two heat-resistant bristles (352) are symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the top plate (351), the two heat-resistant bristles (352) correspond to the positions of the two air outlet nozzles (16), and the heat-resistant bristles (352) are in contact with the inner wall of the air outlet nozzle (16).

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