Device and method for on-line measurement of water body sediment grain composition and sediment content

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method for on-line measurement of water sediment grain grading and sediment content, an ultrasonic sediment content sensing box is mounted on the outer side of an on-line measurement transfer box, and a single-chip microcomputer is mounted in the ultrasonic sediment content sensing box; the single-chip microcomputer is connected with an ultrasonic transmitting head and an ultrasonic receiving head which are installed on the inner wall of the online measurement transfer box through lines, a liquid outlet pipe is arranged on one side of the bottom of the online measurement transfer box, a one-way liquid outlet electromagnetic valve and a liquid pump are installed on the liquid outlet pipe, and the top of the online measurement transfer box is communicated with a comprehensive measurement cylinder. The top of the comprehensive measuring cylinder is communicated with a water source through a liquid inlet pipe; a liquid inlet pump, an anti-reflux electromagnetic valve and a liquid flowmeter are mounted on the liquid inlet pipe; the operation of single liquid outlet operation is not influenced while the accuracy of the measurement result is ensured, and when the detection result of the single measurement operation reaches the early warning value, the water source is stopped from being provided for the user side, so that the online detection operation of the water using side is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of water body sediment measurement, and in particular to a device and method for online measurement of water body sediment particle gradation and sand content. Background Art

[0002] The gradation of sediment particles in water refers to the distribution of the particle size of sediment particles in the water, that is, the proportion and distribution of sediment particles of different sizes in the water. Sediment particle gradation is an important basis for studying the laws of sediment movement and is widely used in the fields of reservoir siltation, riverbed evolution, harbor regulation, water supply quality treatment, etc.

[0003] The traditional measurement of sediment particle gradation uses a laser particle size analyzer to perform measurement operations after collecting a single water body. The laser irradiates particles of different sizes and produces different diffraction and scattering angles. Through the forward and reverse Fourier transform combined with the intelligent laser particle size analysis technology of the optical path system, the size and proportion of sediment particles in the sample are calculated, and the particle size distribution of particles of different sizes is finally obtained. This method requires the water body to be collected separately and placed in the measuring equipment, and online measurement operations cannot be achieved. Even though some online measurement devices have appeared on the market, there are certain drawbacks in their automatic collection and measurement process, specifically, the measurement accuracy is low, and only single fixed-point measurement can be implemented. Real-time measurement cannot be performed during water transportation, and the sand content cannot be measured synchronously, resulting in the need for separate measurement of water supply operations at the terminal water supply location, which reduces operating efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides a device and method for online measurement of sediment particle grading and sand content of water at a water source location, which can perform online measurement of the sediment particle grading and sand content of water at a water source location during water transportation at a water use terminal. The device and method have a simple overall structure, a high degree of integration, precise measurement, and a simple and easy-to-operate method, and have broad market prospects. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for online measurement of silt particle gradation and sand content of water at a water source location, which can perform online measurement of silt particle gradation and sand content of water at a water source location during water transportation at a water use terminal. The device and method have a simple overall structure, a high degree of integration, precise measurement, and a simple and easy-to-operate method, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: an online measurement device for sediment particle grading and sand content in a water body, comprising an online measurement transfer box, an ultrasonic sand content sensor box is installed on the outside of the online measurement transfer box, a single-chip microcomputer is installed in the ultrasonic sand content sensor box, the single-chip microcomputer is connected to an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver installed on the inner wall of the online measurement transfer box through a line, a liquid outlet pipe is arranged on one side of the bottom of the online measurement transfer box, a one-way liquid outlet solenoid valve and a liquid pump are installed on the liquid outlet pipe, the top of the online measurement transfer box is connected to an integrated measuring cylinder, the top of the integrated measuring cylinder is connected to a water source through a liquid inlet pipe, and a liquid inlet pump, a backflow prevention solenoid valve and a liquid flow meter are installed on the liquid inlet pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, the inner cavity of the integrated measuring cylinder is divided into a liquid inlet cavity, a diversion cavity and a liquid outlet cavity from top to bottom. A measuring support body is arranged at the center position of the diversion cavity. The outer wall of the measuring support body is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the integrated measuring cylinder through at least three longitudinal isolation plates. Laser monitoring probes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of each longitudinal isolation plate. A laser monitoring probe is also arranged on the inner wall of the integrated measuring cylinder between two adjacent longitudinal isolation plates. A laser detection probe is fixedly installed on the top of the outer wall of the measuring support body between two adjacent longitudinal isolation plates. The emitting end of the laser detection probe is inclined toward the top position of the liquid outlet cavity. The laser monitoring probe and the laser detection probe are connected to a laser particle size measurement box arranged on the top of the online measurement transfer box through a wire.

[0008] Preferably, the online measurement transfer box is a square box structure, the ultrasonic transmitting head and the ultrasonic receiving head are horizontally arranged in the longitudinal middle position of the online measurement transfer box, the outer wall of the integrated measuring tube is provided with a supporting fixing ring, the bottom of the supporting fixing ring is provided with a pillar, and the bottom of the pillar is fixedly installed on the top of the online measurement transfer box.

[0009] Preferably, the liquid inlet chamber is an inverted funnel-shaped chamber structure, the top of the liquid inlet chamber is connected to the liquid outlet end of the liquid inlet pipe, the diversion chamber is a cylindrical chamber structure, the top of the diversion chamber is connected to the bottom of the liquid inlet chamber, the liquid outlet chamber is a funnel-shaped chamber structure, the top of the liquid outlet chamber is connected to the bottom of the diversion chamber, a liquid inlet is opened at the top center position of the online measurement transfer box, and the bottom of the liquid outlet chamber is connected to a mixing chamber arranged in the online measurement transfer box through the liquid inlet.

[0010] Preferably, the longitudinal isolation plate is a square plate structure, the length of the longitudinal isolation plate is equal to the depth of the diversion cavity, and the two sides of the longitudinal isolation plate are respectively fixedly connected to the inner wall of the integrated measuring tube and the outer wall of the measuring support body.

[0011] Preferably, the measurement support body is a cylindrical structure, and a top cambered body and a bottom cambered body are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the measurement support body, and a laser emitter installation cavity is arranged inside the measurement support body, a laser emitter is installed in the laser emitter installation cavity, and the laser emitter is electrically connected to the laser detection probe.

[0012] Preferably, the laser detection probe is fixedly mounted at the top center position of the outer wall of the measurement support body between two adjacent longitudinal isolation plates, and the angle between the emitting end of the laser detection probe and the measurement support body is 30-45 degrees.

[0013] Preferably, the transverse center axis of the laser monitoring probe arranged on the inner wall of the integrated measuring tube between the two adjacent longitudinal isolation plates intersects with the longitudinal center axis of the measuring support body.

[0014] Preferably, the outer side of the laser transmitter installation cavity is connected to the wire installation cavity opened in the longitudinal isolation plate, the outer end of one of the wire installation cavities is connected to the wire entry hole opened on the outer wall of the integrated measuring cylinder, the wire entry hole is connected to the branch wiring hole opened on the inner wall of the integrated measuring cylinder, and the inner side of the branch wiring hole is connected to the wire installation cavity.

[0015] An online measurement method of the above-mentioned device for measuring the particle gradation and sediment content of a water body, the measurement method comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1. Turn on the liquid inlet pump, and the source water enters the liquid inlet cavity through the liquid inlet pipe. The liquid flow meter measures the single pumping amount. The water entering the liquid inlet cavity is diverted at the top of the diversion cavity through the measuring support and the longitudinal isolation plate;

[0017] S2. Turn on the laser detection probe and the laser monitoring probe to perform online sediment particle size distribution laser measurement on the water body diverted to each diversion cavity. The measurement data is collected by a laser particle size measurement box. The laser particle size measurement box performs summary calculations on the sediment particle size distribution of the water body in each diversion cavity and obtains the sediment particle size distribution value of the water body for a single pumping amount.

[0018] S3. After the measurement is implemented, the water in the diversion cavity finally converges into the online measurement transfer box through the liquid outlet cavity. After completing a single liquid extraction operation, the liquid inlet pump is turned off, and the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver are turned on. The sediment content is measured online through the single chip microcomputer installed in the ultrasonic sediment content sensor box.

[0019] S4. After completing the single pumping and sediment content measurement operation, turn on the pumping pump and the one-way liquid outlet solenoid valve to transport the liquid in the online measurement transfer box to the water terminal through the liquid outlet pipe. When all the liquid in the online measurement transfer box is pumped out, turn on the liquid inlet pump again to implement the next single pumping operation, and cycle in sequence to complete the online measurement of the sediment particle grading and sand content of the water body with all the required pumping volume.

[0020] The present invention has the following positive effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention provides an online measuring device for the gradation of sediment particles and the sediment content of a water body. The online transfer and online measurement of the gradation of sediment particles and the sediment content of the water body are realized through an online measurement transfer box. The online measurement transfer box serves as a transfer carrier. A single quantitative water body is extracted by a liquid inlet pump for measurement, and then the water body is transferred and stored in the online measurement transfer box. When the water demand operation is implemented at the water user end, the online measurement operation can be implemented on the water source water body. The gradation of sediment particles in the water body is measured by a laser detection probe and a laser monitoring probe installed in the comprehensive measuring cylinder. Then, the online measurement operation of the sediment content is implemented for the single pumped liquid amount transferred to the online measurement transfer box. The online measurement of the gradation of sediment particles and the sediment content of the water body is implemented separately in steps. While ensuring the accuracy of the measurement result, the operation of the single liquid discharge operation is not affected. When the detection result of the single measurement operation reaches the warning value, the user end is stopped from providing water source, thereby realizing the online detection operation at the water user end.

[0022] 2. The present invention adopts a measurement support body to support the longitudinal isolation plate, and implements a diversion measurement operation for a single water supply in the diversion chamber. It can implement a more accurate zoning measurement operation for the sand particle grading measurement in the water body, improve the accuracy of measuring sediment of different particle sizes, implement detailed diversion measurement, and use a laser detection probe arranged at an angle downward to measure the direction of the water flow. A more accurate monitoring operation is implemented using multiple laser monitoring probes, which improves the measurement accuracy. At the same time, the laser detection probe is arranged downward, which is not easy to be polluted and blocked, thereby extending the maintenance time and improving the work and operation efficiency.

[0023] 3. The present invention provides an online measurement method for an online measurement device for measuring sediment particle grading and sediment content in water bodies. The online measurement of sediment particle grading and sediment content in water bodies is realized by connecting the aforementioned equipment. Through a single liquid extraction online measurement method, accurate online detection is performed on the entire required water delivery process to ensure the accuracy of data control at the water-using end. At the same time, the detection data is provided to the water-using end, and front-end data is provided for the next purification, use and other operations. The data is summarized based on a single measurement operation, and accurate control is implemented on all stages in the water supply process to meet different water needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the online measuring device for the gradation of sediment particles and the sediment content in water bodies according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the online measuring device for the gradation of sediment particles and the sediment content in water bodies according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the online measuring device for the gradation of sediment particles and the sediment content in water bodies according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the internal top view structure of the comprehensive measuring cylinder of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is the second schematic diagram of the internal top view structure of the comprehensive measuring tube of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In the following description of the invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. The term "connection" only indicates the connection between devices and has no special meaning.

[0032] Specific embodiments refer to Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5, an online measuring device for sediment particle grading and sediment content in a water body comprises an online measuring transfer box 1, an ultrasonic sediment content sensor box 5 is installed on the outer side of the online measuring transfer box 1, a single chip microcomputer is installed in the ultrasonic sediment content sensor box 5, the single chip microcomputer is connected to an ultrasonic transmitting head 21 and an ultrasonic receiving head 22 installed on the inner wall of the online measuring transfer box 1 through a line, a liquid outlet pipe 2 is arranged on one side of the bottom of the online measuring transfer box 1, a one-way liquid outlet solenoid valve 3 and a liquid pump 4 are installed on the liquid outlet pipe 2, the top of the online measuring transfer box 1 is connected with an integrated measuring cylinder 11, the top of the integrated measuring cylinder 11 is connected with a water source through a liquid inlet pipe 6, and a liquid inlet pump 9, an anti-backflow solenoid valve 8 and a liquid flow meter 7 are installed on the liquid inlet pipe 6. The inner cavity of the integrated measuring cylinder 11 is divided into a liquid inlet cavity 14, a diversion cavity 31 and a liquid outlet cavity 19 from top to bottom. A measuring support body 15 is arranged at the center position of the diversion cavity 31. The outer wall of the measuring support body 15 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the integrated measuring cylinder 11 through at least three longitudinal isolation plates 16. Laser monitoring probes 17 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of each longitudinal isolation plate 16. The inner wall of the integrated measuring cylinder 11 between two adjacent longitudinal isolation plates 16 is also provided with a laser monitoring probe 17. A laser detection probe 18 is fixedly installed on the top of the outer wall of the measuring support body 15 between two adjacent longitudinal isolation plates 16. The emitting end of the laser detection probe 18 is inclined toward the top position of the liquid outlet cavity 19. The laser monitoring probe 17 and the laser detection probe 18 are connected to the laser particle size measurement box 10 arranged on the top of the online measurement transfer box 1 through a wire.

[0033] The online measurement transfer box 1 is a square box structure, the ultrasonic transmitter 21 and the ultrasonic receiver 22 are horizontally arranged in the longitudinal middle position of the online measurement transfer box 1, the outer wall of the integrated measurement tube 11 is provided with a support fixing ring 12, the bottom of the support fixing ring 12 is provided with a pillar 13, and the bottom of the pillar 13 is fixedly installed on the top of the online measurement transfer box 1. The liquid inlet chamber 14 is an inverted funnel-shaped chamber structure, the top of the liquid inlet chamber 14 is connected to the liquid outlet end of the liquid inlet pipe 6, the diversion chamber 31 is a cylindrical chamber structure, the top of the diversion chamber 31 is connected to the bottom of the liquid inlet chamber 14, the liquid outlet chamber 19 is a funnel-shaped chamber structure, the top of the liquid outlet chamber 19 is connected to the bottom of the diversion chamber 31, and a liquid inlet 30 is opened at the top center of the online measurement transfer box 1, and the bottom of the liquid outlet chamber 19 is connected to the mixing chamber 20 arranged in the online measurement transfer box 1 through the liquid inlet 30.

[0034] The longitudinal partition plate 16 is a square plate structure, the length of the longitudinal partition plate 16 is equal to the depth of the diversion cavity 31, and the two sides of the longitudinal partition plate 16 are respectively fixedly connected to the inner wall of the integrated measuring cylinder 11 and the outer wall of the measuring support body 15. The measuring support body 15 is a cylindrical structure, and a top camber body 23 and a bottom camber body 24 are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the measuring support body 15. A laser emitter installation cavity 28 is arranged inside the measuring support body 15, and a laser emitter 29 is installed in the laser emitter installation cavity 28. The laser emitter 29 is electrically connected to the laser detection probe 18.

[0035] The laser detection probe 18 is fixedly installed at the top center position of the outer wall of the measuring support body 15 between two adjacent longitudinal partition plates 16, and the angle between the emitting end of the laser detection probe 18 and the measuring support body 15 is 30-45 degrees. The transverse center axis of the laser monitoring probe 17 arranged on the inner wall of the integrated measuring tube 11 between the two adjacent longitudinal partition plates 16 intersects with the longitudinal center axis of the measuring support body 15. The outer side of the laser transmitter installation cavity 28 is connected to the wire installation cavity 26 opened in the longitudinal partition plate 16, and the outer end of one of the wire installation cavities 26 is connected to the wire entry hole 25 opened on the outer wall of the integrated measuring tube 11, and the wire entry hole 25 is connected to the branch wiring hole 27 opened on the inner wall of the integrated measuring tube 11, and the inner side of the branch wiring hole 27 is connected to the wire installation cavity 26.

[0036] Specifically, the online measurement transfer box 1 provides a water transfer load for the online detection operation. The liquid inlet pump 9 implements the operation of a single pumping operation. By presetting the pumping time of the liquid inlet pump 9, the pumping volume is controlled, and the liquid flow meter 7 implements the statistical measurement of the single pumping volume, accurately realizes the control of the liquid inlet volume, and performs accurate single water supply control operations during the operation of all detection operations at the water demand end. The transported water body is tested at any time. The ultrasonic transmitter 21 and the ultrasonic receiver 22 cooperate with each other to perform the final ultrasonic detection of the sand content on the single collected water volume, and calculate the ion content by measuring the reflection time of the ultrasonic wave propagating in the medium. High-frequency ultrasonic waves are generated by the ultrasonic transmitter 21. These sound waves propagate in the single-extracted water body and reflect when encountering sediment. The ultrasonic receiver 22 receives these reflected waves and calculates the sediment content and concentration by analyzing the time delay of the reflected waves.

[0037] Specifically, the integrated measuring tube 11 can be installed in various forms such as horizontal installation and vertical installation. The integrated measuring tube 11 performs advance measurement of the sediment particle grading of the water body during the liquid feeding process before the single water volume is collected, and the single liquid feed is diverted through the longitudinal isolation plate 16, and the liquid flowing through the diversion chamber 31 is detected by the cooperation of the laser monitoring probe 17 and the laser detection probe 18. When the water flows through the bottom of the liquid inlet pipe 6 and enters the liquid inlet chamber 14, the flow rate decreases. According to the connection equation, the flow rate is equal to the flow area multiplied by the flow rate. When the pipeline outlet is expanded, the flow area increases. In order to ensure that the flow rate remains unchanged and the flow rate decreases, coupled with the blocking operation of the top surface of the measurement support body, the single liquid feeding water body can be subjected to slow flow control operation in the diversion chamber, providing more measurement time for online measurement, and cooperating with the liquid outlet end with a reduction at the bottom, the accuracy and reaction measurement time of laser particle size measurement are improved.

[0038] Specifically, the angle between the emitting end of the laser detection probe 18 and the measurement support 15 is 30-45 degrees, and the laser source is emitted obliquely downward. Laser monitoring probes 17 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of each longitudinal partition plate 16, and the inner wall of the integrated measurement tube 11 between two adjacent longitudinal partition plates 16 is also provided with a laser monitoring probe 17. The correspondingly arranged laser monitoring probes 17 are distributed on both sides and the bottom front position below the laser detection probe 18. When the laser beam is irradiated on the particles, the sediment particles will generate different scattered light according to their size and shape. The intensity and distribution of the scattered light are measured by the laser monitoring probes 17 arranged at different positions, and the particle size distribution of the particles is inferred. The arrangement of multiple laser monitoring probes 17 is conducive to the accuracy of signal reception and collection, and implements efficient, accurate and fast measurement during the flow of water.

[0039] When the present invention implements the online measurement of sediment particle gradation and sand content in water, the liquid inlet pump 9 is turned on, the source water enters the liquid inlet chamber 14 through the liquid inlet pipe 6, the liquid flow meter 7 measures the single pumping amount, and the water entering the liquid inlet chamber 14 is diverted at the top of the diversion chamber 31 through the measurement support 15 and the longitudinal partition plate 16. The laser detection probe 18 and the laser monitoring probe 17 are turned on, and the online sediment particle gradation laser measurement operation is performed on the water diverted to each diversion chamber 31. The measurement data is collected by the laser particle size measurement box 10, and the laser particle size measurement box 10 performs a summary calculation on the sediment particle gradation of the water in each diversion chamber 31, and obtains the sediment particle gradation value of the water body with a single pumping amount. After the measurement is implemented, the water in the diversion cavity 31 finally converges into the online measurement transfer box 1 through the liquid outlet cavity 19. After completing a single pumping operation, the liquid inlet pump 9 is turned off, and the ultrasonic transmitter 21 and the ultrasonic receiver 22 are turned on. The sediment content is measured online through the single chip microcomputer installed in the ultrasonic sediment content sensor box 5. After completing a single pumping and sediment content measurement operation, the liquid pump 4 and the one-way liquid outlet solenoid valve 3 are turned on to transport the liquid in the online measurement transfer box 1 to the water terminal through the liquid outlet pipe 2. When all the liquid in the online measurement transfer box 1 is pumped out, the liquid inlet pump 9 is turned on again to implement the next single pumping operation, and the cycle is repeated in sequence to complete the online measurement of the sediment particle grading and sediment content of the water body with all the required pumping amounts.

[0040] like Figure 6 Combination Figure 1-5 As shown, as another embodiment of the present invention, during use, the online measurement transfer box 1 has two or more mixing chambers 20, and the bottom of the integrated measuring tube 11 is connected with the two or more mixing chambers 20 arranged in the online measurement transfer box 1 respectively through a multi-way branch pipeline. During operation, the first mixing chamber 20 is subjected to online detection under the initial operation, and after the detection is completed, the passage is changed to perform uninterrupted liquid pumping detection on other mixing chambers 20. During the process of water storage detection in other mixing chambers 20, the liquid in the initial first mixing chamber 20 is discharged to the water supply end through the liquid outlet pipe 2, and the liquid outlet pipe 2 is connected with the bottom of different mixing chambers 20 through a multi-way valve. In this way, efficient uninterrupted water pumping and online detection operations are implemented.

[0041] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An online measuring device for measuring the particle size distribution and sediment content of a water body, comprising an online measuring transfer box (1), characterized in that: An ultrasonic sand content sensor box (5) is installed on the outside of the online measurement transfer box (1), and a single chip microcomputer is installed in the ultrasonic sand content sensor box (5). The single chip microcomputer is connected to an ultrasonic transmitter (21) and an ultrasonic receiver (22) installed on the inner wall of the online measurement transfer box (1) through a line. A liquid outlet pipe (2) is arranged on one side of the bottom of the online measurement transfer box (1), and a one-way liquid outlet electromagnetic valve (3) and a liquid pump (4) are installed on the liquid outlet pipe (2). The top of the online measurement transfer box (1) is connected to the integrated measurement cylinder (11), and the top of the integrated measurement cylinder (11) is connected to a water source through a liquid inlet pipe (6). A liquid inlet pump (9), a backflow prevention electromagnetic valve (8) and a liquid flow meter (7) are installed on the liquid inlet pipe (6).

2. The device for measuring the particle size distribution and sediment content of water bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cavity of the integrated measuring cylinder (11) is divided into a liquid inlet cavity (14), a flow dividing cavity (31) and a liquid outlet cavity (19) from top to bottom. A measuring support body (15) is arranged at the center of the flow dividing cavity (31). The outer wall of the measuring support body (15) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the integrated measuring cylinder (11) through at least three longitudinal partition plates (16). Laser monitoring probes (17) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of each longitudinal partition plate (16). The inner wall of the integrated measuring cylinder (11) between two adjacent longitudinal partition plates (16) is also provided with a laser monitoring probe (17). A laser detection probe (18) is fixedly installed on the top of the outer wall of the measuring support body (15) between two adjacent longitudinal partition plates (16). The emitting end of the laser detection probe (18) is inclined toward the top position of the liquid outlet cavity (19). The laser monitoring probe (17) and the laser detection probe (18) are connected to a laser particle size measurement box (10) arranged on the top of the online measurement transfer box (1) through a wire.

3. The device for measuring the particle gradation and sediment content of water bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The online measurement transfer box (1) is a square box structure. The ultrasonic transmitting head (21) and the ultrasonic receiving head (22) are horizontally arranged in the longitudinal middle position of the online measurement transfer box (1). The outer wall of the integrated measurement tube (11) is provided with a supporting fixing ring (12). The bottom of the supporting fixing ring (12) is provided with a pillar (13). The bottom of the pillar (13) is fixedly installed on the top of the online measurement transfer box (1).

4. The device for measuring the particle gradation and sediment content of water bodies according to claim 2, characterized in that: The liquid inlet chamber (14) is an inverted funnel-shaped chamber structure, the top of the liquid inlet chamber (14) is connected to the liquid outlet end of the liquid inlet pipe (6), the diverter chamber (31) is a cylindrical chamber structure, the top of the diverter chamber (31) is connected to the bottom of the liquid inlet chamber (14), the liquid outlet chamber (19) is a funnel-shaped chamber structure, the top of the liquid outlet chamber (19) is connected to the bottom of the diverter chamber (31), a liquid inlet (30) is provided at the center of the top of the online measurement transfer box (1), and the bottom of the liquid outlet chamber (19) is connected to a mixing chamber (20) arranged in the online measurement transfer box (1) through the liquid inlet (30).

5. The device for measuring the particle gradation and sediment content of water bodies according to claim 2, characterized in that: The longitudinal isolation plate (16) is a square plate structure. The length of the longitudinal isolation plate (16) is equal to the depth of the diversion cavity (31). The two sides of the longitudinal isolation plate (16) are respectively fixedly connected to the inner wall of the integrated measuring tube (11) and the outer wall of the measuring support body (15).

6. The device for measuring the particle gradation and sediment content of water bodies according to claim 2, characterized in that: The measuring support body (15) is a cylindrical structure, and a top cambered body (23) and a bottom cambered body (24) are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the measuring support body (15). A laser emitter mounting cavity (28) is arranged inside the measuring support body (15), and a laser emitter (29) is installed in the laser emitter mounting cavity (28). The laser emitter (29) is electrically connected to the laser detection probe (18).

7. The device for measuring the particle gradation and sediment content of water bodies according to claim 2, characterized in that: The laser detection probe (18) is fixedly mounted at the center position of the top of the outer wall of the measurement support body (15) between two adjacent longitudinal isolation plates (16), and the angle between the emission end of the laser detection probe (18) and the measurement support body (15) is 30-45 degrees.

8. The device for measuring the particle gradation and sediment content of water bodies according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transverse center axis of the laser monitoring probe (17) arranged on the inner wall of the integrated measuring tube (11) between the two adjacent longitudinal isolation plates (16) intersects with the longitudinal center axis of the measuring support (15).

9. The device for online measurement of sediment particle gradation and sediment content in water body according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer side of the laser transmitter installation cavity (28) is connected to the wire installation cavity (26) provided in the longitudinal isolation plate (16), the outer end of one of the wire installation cavities (26) is connected to the wire entry hole (25) provided in the outer wall of the integrated measuring cylinder (11), the wire entry hole (25) is connected to the branch wiring hole (27) provided in the inner wall of the integrated measuring cylinder (11), and the inner side of the branch wiring hole (27) is connected to the wire installation cavity (26).

10. An online measurement method for the online measurement device for measuring the particle gradation and sediment content of a water body as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The measurement method includes the following steps: S1. Turn on the liquid inlet pump (9), the source water enters the liquid inlet chamber (14) through the liquid inlet pipe (6), the liquid flow meter (7) measures the single pumping amount, and the water entering the liquid inlet chamber (14) is diverted at the top of the diversion chamber (31) through the measurement support (15) and the longitudinal isolation plate (16); S2, turning on the laser detection probe (18) and the laser monitoring probe (17), performing an online sediment particle gradation laser measurement operation on the water body diverted into each diversion cavity (31), collecting the measurement data through the laser particle size measurement box (10), and the laser particle size measurement box (10) performs a summary operation on the sediment particle gradation of the water body in each diversion cavity (31), and obtains the sediment particle gradation value of the water body of a single pumping amount; S3, after the measurement is performed, the water in the diversion chamber (31) finally flows into the online measurement transfer box (1) through the liquid outlet chamber (19). After completing a single liquid extraction operation, the liquid inlet pump (9) is turned off, and the ultrasonic transmitter (21) and the ultrasonic receiver (22) are turned on, and the sediment content is measured online through the single chip microcomputer installed in the ultrasonic sediment content sensor box (5); S4. After completing the single-time liquid extraction and sediment content measurement operation, the liquid extraction pump (4) and the one-way liquid outlet solenoid valve (3) are turned on to transport the liquid in the online measurement transfer box (1) to the water use terminal through the liquid outlet pipe (2). When all the liquid in the online measurement transfer box (1) is extracted, the liquid inlet pump (9) is turned on again to perform the next single liquid extraction operation, and the cycle is repeated in sequence to complete the online measurement of the sediment particle grading and sediment content of the water body with the required amount of liquid extracted.

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