Equal-proportion visual experiment device for combustion boiling-over of crude oil floating-roof storage tank

Abstract

The invention discloses an equal-proportion visual experiment device for combustion boiling-over of a crude oil floating-roof storage tank, and belongs to the technical field of combustion boiling-over experiment devices.The equal-proportion visual experiment device for combustion boiling-over of the crude oil floating-roof storage tank comprises a container part, a bottom plate part, a side wall part, a bottom plate part, a bottom plate part and a bottom plate part, an experiment interval for accommodating test liquid is defined by the bottom plate part and the side wall part; the measuring assembly is arranged in the test area room and is configured to measure the temperature of the test liquid; and a disc body part. By arranging the testing device of which the main body is composed of the container part, the measuring assembly and the disc body part, the container part is used for limiting the testing process, and the measuring assembly is used for measuring the liquid temperature during the experiment, so that the formation and evolution of a hot area in an oil product and the calculation of the heat wave transfer rate can be judged; meanwhile, through the disc body part capable of floating on the liquid surface, the floating condition of the floating disc along with the liquid surface can be simulated when the fire disaster of the floating roof tank occurs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of combustion and boiling test devices, and in particular relates to a proportional visualization experimental device for combustion and boiling of a crude oil floating roof storage tank. Background Art

[0002] Crude oil boiling over is the violent ejection of certain liquid hydrocarbons caused by a prolonged tank fire. The reason is the vaporization of the water sublayer, which usually occurs at the bottom of the tank; boiling over and splashing cause huge fire expansion, forming fireballs and extensive ground fires; in the case of a full surface fire in the tank, the top layer of the burning liquid boils and most of the volatiles are evaporated; in fact, a distillation process occurs. The layer gradually enriches, the heavy end increases, and the temperature rises. This high-temperature isothermal layer, or hot zone, is constantly increasing in thickness and depth. When the hot zone reaches the water sublayer, the water is overheated, so it explodes and vaporizes, pushing a large amount of hot oil out of the tank, causing boiling over; boiling over and splashing are extremely destructive. The water under the oil layer vaporizes under the action of the heat wave and splashes around with flaming oil droplets, expanding the scope of the accident and threatening the safety of life and property. Understanding the phenomena and mechanisms of combustion, boiling over and splashing in tank fires is crucial to firefighting and rescue and reducing accident losses.

[0003] Existing scientific research and experimental equipment on tank boiling are mostly limited to small-scale experiments. However, the size of the tank itself is large. At the same time, after a fire occurs, there are more influencing factors. Small-scale experiments and experimental equipment cannot well explain the mechanism and phenomenon of combustion, boiling and splashing of tank fires; and provide guiding suggestions for fire rescue and disaster relief. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a proportional visualization experimental device for combustion and boiling over of a crude oil floating roof storage tank, so as to solve the problems of the experimental device proposed in the above background technology during use.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a proportional visualization experimental device for combustion and boiling over of a crude oil floating roof storage tank, comprising:

[0006] The container part includes a bottom plate portion and a side wall portion, and a test area for containing a test liquid is defined by the bottom plate portion and the side wall portion;

[0007] a measuring assembly installed in the test zone and configured to measure the temperature of the test liquid;

[0008] The disc body member is configured to float on the surface of the experimental liquid and move up and down with the rise and fall of the liquid level.

[0009] Preferably, the measuring assembly includes a plurality of thermocouple assemblies mounted at different positions of the bottom plate, and the thermocouple assembly includes at least one probe component that contacts the test liquid and realizes temperature measurement.

[0010] Preferably, the thermocouple assembly further comprises:

[0011] A base component, mounted on the bottom plate;

[0012] A protective cylinder is installed on the base plate component and extends upward in a vertical direction. A space for routing the thermocouple data line is formed in the protective cylinder. The probe component has an extension extending from the probe component, and an end of the extension away from the protective cylinder is configured to be able to extend to the axial position of the container component.

[0013] Preferably, a ceramic tube is installed on the extending portion.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of the probe components are provided, and the plurality of the probe components are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the protective cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, the test device further comprises:

[0016] At least one guide rail component is assembled in the test section, the guide rail component extends upward in a vertical direction, and the disc body component is provided with a hole for the guide rail component to pass through, and the disc body component is configured to be able to slide along the guide rail component.

[0017] Preferably, the test device further comprises:

[0018] The auxiliary container is connected to the container component through a pipeline fluid, and the liquid level in the auxiliary container is the same as the liquid level in the container component.

[0019] Preferably, the distance between the auxiliary container and the container component is not less than 5D, wherein D is the cross-sectional diameter of the container component.

[0020] Preferably, the test device further comprises:

[0021] A liquid level sensor is configured to monitor the liquid level in the auxiliary container.

[0022] Preferably, the test device further comprises:

[0023] A plurality of load cells are configured to measure the weight of the container components.

[0024] Preferably, a visible portion is provided on the side wall portion, and the visible portion is configured as a glass panel window.

[0025] Preferably, the test device further comprises:

[0026] The test bench body has an upper support surface that contacts the bottom plate of the container component and supports the container component.

[0027] Preferably, the measuring component is connected to an external device via a data line, and holes for installing a data line transmission pipeline are provided at corresponding positions of the bottom plate of the container component and the platform component, and the data line of the measuring component passes through the data line transmission pipeline.

[0028] Preferably, holes for accommodating cleaning valves are provided at corresponding positions of the bottom plate portion of the container component and the platform portion.

[0029] Preferably, the test device further comprises:

[0030] A device is provided, which is configured to supply the test liquid to the test area of ​​the container component after heating and stirring.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. This application sets up a test device whose main body is composed of a container component, a measuring component and a disc component. The test range is limited by the container component, and the liquid temperature during the experiment is measured by the measuring component. It can determine the formation and evolution of the hot zone inside the oil product and calculate the heat wave transmission rate. At the same time, through the disc component that can float on the liquid surface, it can simulate the floating of the floating plate with the liquid surface when a floating roof tank fire occurs.

[0033] 2. By weighing the oil product through a weighing sensor, we can get the pool fire mass change curve. By differentiating the mass change curve, we can get the oil pool fire mass loss rate curve. At the same time, an auxiliary container is set up, and the experimental macroscopic combustion data is obtained through a liquid level sensor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is an illustration of the overall structure of this application Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the container component structure;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thermocouple assembly;

[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the disc body components;

[0038] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the groove part of the container component;

[0039] Figure 6 This is an illustration of the overall structure of this application Figure 2 .

[0040] In the figure:

[0041] 100, test bench body; 101, plate body component; 102, support component; 101a, upper support surface;

[0042] 200, container part; 200a, bottom plate; 200b, side wall; 200c, visible part; 201, test area; 202, groove;

[0043] 300, disk body component; 301, guide rail component;

[0044] 400, thermocouple assembly; 401, base component; 402, protective cylinder; 403, probe component;

[0045] 500, auxiliary container; 501, liquid level sensor; 502, weighing sensor;

[0046] 600. Fireproof cloth; 601. Heat insulation board. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] A proportional visualization experimental device for combustion and boiling of a crude oil floating roof storage tank (hereinafter referred to as the experimental device), the main body of which is composed of an experimental table body, a container part 200, a disk body part 300 and a measuring component;

[0049] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 and 2 The test bench body 100 includes a plate component 101 and a support component 102, wherein the plate component 101 is a horizontally extending plate-shaped component having an upper support surface 101a, and the support component 102 is used to support the plate component 101. Exemplarily, the plate component 101 is a rectangular plate, and the support components 102 are distributed at the four corners of the plate component 101;

[0050] Back to Figure 1 and 2The container component 200 is arranged on the upper support surface 101a of the plate body component 101. Specifically, the container component 200 has a bottom plate portion 200a and a side wall portion 20b, wherein the bottom plate portion 200a is configured as a portion in contact with the upper support surface 101a of the test bench body 100. For example, the bottom plate portion 200a is configured as a circular disk, and the side wall portion 20b is formed by vertically extending upward from the edge line of the bottom plate portion 200a. At this time, the bottom plate portion 200a and the side wall portion 20b together enclose a test area 201 for accommodating crude oil. In some embodiments, The side wall portion 20b of the container component 200 has a visible portion 200c. For example, the visible portion 200c is configured as a glass panel window. The glass panel window has transparent and heat-resistant properties to ensure the stability of the experiment. At the same time, the area of ​​the glass panel window is limited to a certain range to minimize the impact of heat radiation transfer on the experimental side wall. During the experiment, a camera is placed at the corresponding position of the glass window to record the whole process, so that the experimental operator can observe the formation of hot zones and changes in oil components caused by heat transfer between internal oil products when the oil surface burns.

[0051] In some embodiments, holes for installing cleaning valves and data line transmission pipelines are opened at corresponding positions of the bottom plate portion 200a of the above-mentioned container part 200 and the plate body part 101, wherein the cleaning valve is used to facilitate and quickly clean the experimental body for multiple experiments. The cleaning valve is made of heat-resistant material to ensure that it will not be destroyed, damaged or deformed due to high temperature during the experiment. The data line transmission pipeline is used for routing the data line in the subsequent thermocouple assembly 400.

[0052] Reference Figure 1 and 4The experimental device further comprises a disc component 300, which is configured to float on the surface of the oil body and to rise and fall along with the rise and fall of the oil level. Exemplarily, the disc component 300 is constituted as a hollow steel disc, which is formed by welding two parts, an upper part and an lower part. In some embodiments, the experimental device further comprises a plurality of guide rail components 301 installed in the test interval 201 and extending in the vertical direction. Correspondingly, the hollow steel disc is provided with a through hole for the guide rail component 301 to pass through, that is, the disc component 300 is configured to slide along the guide rail component 301. Exemplarily, the guide rail component 301 is provided with four guide rail components 301 extending in the circumferential direction. The guide rail components 301 are evenly arranged on the bottom plate 200a of the container component 200, that is, the angles of adjacent guide rail components 301 in the circumferential direction are equal. In some embodiments, the guide rail components 301 are assembled on the bottom plate 200a of the container component 200, that is, the guide rail components 301 are detachably mounted on the bottom plate 200a of the container component 200. Exemplarily, vertically extending studs are welded on the bottom plate 200a, and the number of studs corresponds to the number of guide rail components 301. Correspondingly, threaded holes for screwing the studs are formed in the guide rail components 301. The guide rail components 301 are assembled on the bottom plate 200a of the container component 200 through the cooperation of the guide rail components 301 and the studs.

[0053] Reference Figure 2 , the test device further comprises a measuring assembly, the measuring assembly is composed of a plurality of measuring devices at different radial positions, that is, the distances from the plurality of measuring devices constituting the measuring assembly to the bottom plate portion 200a of the container component 200 are all different. Exemplarily, the measuring assembly is composed of three measuring devices, and the radius of the bottom plate portion 200a is correspondingly recorded as the first radius. The distances from the three measuring devices to the center point of the disk body are 1 / 4, 1 / 2 and 3 / 4 of the first diameter, respectively. In some embodiments of the test device, the plurality of measuring devices constituting the measuring assembly are located at different radial positions of the bottom plate portion 200a of the container component 200, that is, the plurality of measuring devices are not arranged along the radial direction. Exemplarily, the connecting line of the positions of the three measuring devices on the bottom plate portion 200a forms an obtuse triangle;

[0054] In some embodiments of the measuring device, reference Figure 2 and 3The measuring device is constituted as a thermocouple assembly 400. Specifically, the thermocouple assembly 400 includes a base component 401, a protective cylinder 402 and a plurality of probe components 403, wherein the base component 401 is assembled on the bottom plate portion 200a of the container component 200 to realize the installation of the thermocouple assembly 400. For example, the base component 401 is constituted as a rectangular base body, and threaded holes are formed at its four corners. Correspondingly, threaded holes corresponding to the positions of the threaded holes of the base component 401 are opened on the bottom plate portion 200a of the container component 200, and the installation and fixation of the base component 401 are realized by connecting parts such as bolts. Return to Figure 2 and 3 The protective cylinder 402 is mounted on the bottom plate 200a and extends in the vertical direction, wherein a cable routing section is formed therein to protect the internal cables, and an opening is formed at the bottom of the cylinder component, and the probe component 403 is mounted on the protective cylinder 402 and passes through the protective cylinder 402, that is, the probe component 403 has a portion extending from the cylinder component (hereinafter referred to as the extension portion), and correspondingly, a ceramic tube is mounted on the extension portion to protect the probe component 403, and the length of the extension portion is controllable. During the measurement process, by adjusting the extension length of the probe component 403 in each thermocouple assembly 400, the end of each probe component 403 is located at the axial position of the container component 200, so as to simultaneously measure the temperature at the center of the oil pool during combustion, thereby realizing the internal hot zone of the oil product. The formation and evolution of the judgment and the calculation of the heat wave transmission rate can also be used to measure the temperature at the first radius of 1 / 4, 2 / 4, and 3 / 4, thereby increasing the experimental measurement accuracy. The measurement of boundary conditions is added to facilitate the establishment of a temperature model. Furthermore, an opening is formed at the bottom of the cylinder component for routing the thermocouple assembly 400 line (hereinafter also referred to as the data line), and the data line is distributed along the bottom surface of the oil pan. The entire exposed portion of the data line is immersed in a water cushion layer, thereby reducing the risk of overheating; and then the oil pan data transmission pipeline is walked out. Correspondingly, holes for the data line to pass through are opened at corresponding positions on the bottom plate portions 200a200a of the test bench body 100 and the container component 200. In some embodiments, in order to prevent liquid from entering the interior of the protective cylinder 402, the entire protective cylinder 402 and the base are sealed and returned to Figure 3 The plurality of probe components 403 are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the protective cylinder 402, and are used to measure the temperature of the liquid at different height positions;

[0055] In some embodiments, the thermocouple assembly 400 further includes a fixed bracket (not shown in the figure), the fixed bracket is composed of a steel triangular prism, the protective cylinder 402 is installed on the outside of the bracket by welding, and the probe component 403 is fixed on the bracket and extends out of the sleeve;

[0056] In some embodiments of the experimental setup, reference Figure 1, the test device further comprises an auxiliary container 500, which is arranged at a position of about 5D from the container part 200, wherein D is the diameter of the container part 200, that is, the horizontal distance between the axis of the auxiliary container 500 and the container part 200 is 5D, and the auxiliary container 500 is supported by a supporting platform and other components so that the bottom height of the auxiliary container 500 is consistent with the bottom height of the container part 200, and the bottom of the auxiliary container 500 and the container part 200 are connected by a pipeline fluid, that is, the oil body supplied to the container part 200 can flow into the auxiliary container 500, and the liquid level heights in the container part 200 and the auxiliary container 500 are consistent. Exemplarily, the auxiliary container 500 and the container part 200 are connected by a hose. In some embodiments, the auxiliary container 500 is provided with a heat insulation board 601 at least on the side close to the container part 200, and the heat insulation board 601 is constructed as a semi-enclosed structure to provide heat insulation protection for the auxiliary container 500;

[0057] Further, see Figure 6 The above-mentioned test device also includes a liquid level sensor 501 and a plurality of weighing sensors 502, wherein the liquid level sensor 501 is fixed by a rectangular bracket above the auxiliary container 500, and the weighing sensor 502 is arranged between the bottom plate portion 200a of the container component 200 and the upper supporting surface 101a of the test bench body 100, and the liquid level drop rate is measured by the synergistic effect of the liquid level sensor 501 and the weighing sensor 502; so as to realize the macroscopic and real-time measurement of the combustion rate, and improve the measurement accuracy of the experiment.

[0058] In some embodiments, the test device further includes a fireproof cloth 600 laid on the ground of the test bench body 100, and a circle is drawn on the fireproof cloth 600 with the center of the bottom plate portion 200a of the container part 200 as the center. The circle is drawn with lime. After the experiment, the fireproof cloth 600 with several circles drawn on it can be used to record the splash range after each experiment by using aerial photography. After the image is acquired, it is processed to obtain the splash coverage rate. After the shooting is completed, the fireproof cloth 600 is cleaned and the circle is redrawn. The specific process is to binarize the data, and the ratio of the pixels covered by the fuel to the total pixels in the annular area is calculated to obtain the splash coverage rate of the area.

[0059] In some embodiments, the height of the side wall portion 20b of the container component 200 is configured to be variable. For example, referring to Figure 5An annular groove 202 is provided on the side wall portion 20b of the container part 200, which is connected to the next circle of side wall through the annular groove 202. The height of the oil pan side wall can be manually raised and lowered by stacking circles one by one. The height of the side wall portion 20b can be changed at any time to meet the experimental requirements under different side wall conditions. At the same time, it is reinforced by the groove 202 and high-temperature sealant to avoid tilting or even collapse of the tank wall during the experiment.

[0060] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned test device also includes a preset device, which is composed of a crude oil heating tube and a crude oil stirring machine (not shown in the figure). Its function is to stir and heat the experimental oil to prevent the oil from solidifying. It is also equipped with a vane pump. The structure of the vane pump enables it to provide a higher pressure output and run very stably. It is used for the transportation of liquids of various viscosities, from low viscosity to high viscosity liquids such as grease and paste materials; it reduces the danger of manual refueling, and the efficient addition of oil facilitates the smooth development of the experiment; in addition, a remote ignition device is arranged. The crude oil itself is extremely difficult to ignite, and normal ignition methods cannot be used, such as ordinary lighters. It needs to be ignited with a high calorific value ignition device. At the same time, for the safety of personnel, an electronic igniter is used for remote control.

[0061] The supporting device of the photographic module and the heat flux meter outside the oil pan places the photographic module and the heat flux meter outside the oil pan at a certain height. The supporting device adopts a tripod, and the height is adjusted so that it is aligned with the top of the oil pan. The position of the supporting device is placed according to the experimental requirements.

[0062] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A proportional visualization experimental device for combustion and boiling of crude oil floating roof storage tanks, characterized by: include: The container part includes a bottom plate portion and a side wall portion, and a test area for containing a test liquid is defined by the bottom plate portion and the side wall portion; a measuring assembly installed in the test zone and configured to measure the temperature of the test liquid; The disc body member is configured to float on the surface of the experimental liquid and move up and down with the rise and fall of the liquid level.

2. The isometric visualization experimental device for combustion and boiling over of a crude oil floating roof storage tank according to claim 1 is characterized by: The measuring assembly comprises a plurality of thermocouple assemblies assembled at different positions of the bottom plate, and the thermocouple assembly comprises at least one probe component which contacts with the test liquid and realizes temperature measurement.

3. The isometric visualization experimental device for combustion and boiling of a crude oil floating roof storage tank according to claim 2 is characterized by: The thermocouple assembly further comprises: A base component, mounted on the bottom plate; A protective cylinder is installed on the base plate component and extends upward in a vertical direction. A space for routing the thermocouple data line is formed in the protective cylinder. The probe component has an extension extending from the probe component, and an end of the extension away from the protective cylinder is configured to be able to extend to the axial position of the container component.

4. The isometric visualization experimental device for combustion and boiling over of a crude oil floating roof storage tank according to claim 3 is characterized by: A ceramic tube is installed on the protruding portion.

5. The isometric visualization experimental device for combustion and boiling over of a crude oil floating roof storage tank according to claim 3 is characterized by: There are a plurality of probe components, and the plurality of probe components are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the protection cylinder.

6. The isometric visualization experimental device for combustion and boiling over of a crude oil floating roof storage tank according to claim 1 is characterized by: The test device also includes: At least one guide rail component is assembled in the test section, the guide rail component extends upward in a vertical direction, and the disc body component is provided with a hole for the guide rail component to pass through, and the disc body component is configured to be able to slide along the guide rail component.

7. The isometric visualization experimental device for combustion and boiling over of a crude oil floating roof storage tank according to claim 1 is characterized by: The test device also includes: The auxiliary container is connected to the container component through a pipeline fluid, and the liquid level in the auxiliary container is the same as the liquid level in the container component.

8. The isometric visualization experimental device for combustion and boiling over of a crude oil floating roof storage tank according to claim 7, characterized in that: The distance between the auxiliary container and the container component is not less than 5D, where D is the cross-sectional diameter of the container component.

9. The isometric visualization experimental device for combustion and boiling over of a crude oil floating roof storage tank according to claim 7, characterized in that: The test device also includes: A liquid level sensor is configured to monitor the liquid level in the auxiliary container.

10. The isometric visualization experimental device for combustion and boiling over of a crude oil floating roof storage tank according to claim 9, characterized in that: The test device also includes: A plurality of load cells are configured to measure the weight of the container components.

11. The isometric visualization experimental device for combustion and boiling over of a crude oil floating roof storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall portion is provided with a visible portion, and the visible portion is configured as a glass panel window.

12. The isometric visualization experimental device for combustion and boiling over of a crude oil floating roof storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test device also includes: The test bench body has an upper support surface that contacts the bottom plate of the container component and supports the container component.

13. The isometric visualization experimental device for combustion and boiling over of a crude oil floating roof storage tank according to claim 12, characterized in that: The measuring component is connected to an external device via a data line, and holes for installing a data line transmission pipeline are provided at corresponding positions of the bottom plate of the container component and the platform component, and the data line of the measuring component passes through the data line transmission pipeline.

14. The isometric visualization experimental device for combustion and boiling over of a crude oil floating roof storage tank according to claim 13, characterized in that: The bottom plate of the container component and the corresponding positions of the platform component are provided with holes for accommodating the cleaning valve.

15. The isometric visualization experimental device for combustion and boiling over of a crude oil floating roof storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test device also includes: A device is provided, which is configured to supply the test liquid to the test area of ​​the container component after heating and stirring.

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