Omnibearing monitoring control system of rubber tapping device based on Internet of Things

Abstract

The invention discloses a rubber tapping device omnibearing monitoring control system based on the Internet of Things, and relates to the field of rubber tapping device monitoring technology control. The sensor integration module monitors the working environment of the device, sends data to the data acquisition and processing module, synchronizes and preprocesses the acquired sensor data, and is used for monitoring the module and the control unit in real time, the control unit receives a control instruction and sends the control instruction to the rubber tapping device, and the real-time monitoring module provides video monitoring. The communication protocol manager is used for data transmission and communication protocol selection, the fault diagnosis and maintenance system analyzes device operation data and carries out fault factor prediction, the energy management module automatically adjusts energy use of the device, and the user interface customization tool allows an operator to customize a control interface. And the security encryption module encrypts all transmitted data. The intelligent rubber tapping device integrates the Internet of Things technology, intelligent operation of the rubber tapping device is achieved through a plurality of modules, and the working efficiency and safety are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of rubber tapping device monitoring technology control technology, in particular to an all-round monitoring and control system for a rubber tapping device based on the Internet of Things. Background Art

[0002] In today's rapidly developing information technology era, the Internet of Things (IoT) technology has become an important bridge connecting the physical world and the digital world. IoT technology integrates sensors, devices and software systems to realize the intelligence and networking of equipment, greatly promoting the development of all-round monitoring and control systems. These systems can collect and analyze data in real time, improve operational efficiency, reduce labor costs, and enhance the ability to monitor the operating status of equipment.

[0003] Although IoT technology has made remarkable achievements in many fields such as smart home, smart city, industrial automation, etc., its application in forestry machinery, especially rubber tapping, is relatively rare. Rubber tapping equipment usually works in remote and harsh areas, which requires a full range of monitoring and control systems to not only have high reliability and stability, but also be able to adapt to the changing natural environment and complex operating conditions.

[0004] Most of the existing monitoring and control systems for rubber tapping equipment are still at the basic remote control stage, lacking the ability to monitor the equipment's own status in real time and perform data analysis. In addition, these systems also have deficiencies in fault diagnosis, energy management, and communication protocol compatibility, and are unable to meet the needs of modern forestry operations for efficient, precise, and environmentally friendly operations.

[0005] At present, the challenges faced by the all-round monitoring and control system of rubber tapping equipment are mainly: how to maintain the stability of communication in a changing natural environment; how to achieve real-time and accurate monitoring of the status of rubber tapping equipment; how to predict and diagnose potential faults through data analysis; and how to improve energy efficiency while ensuring operational safety.

[0006] In order to overcome these challenges, the present invention proposes a comprehensive monitoring and control system for rubber tapping equipment based on the Internet of Things. The system not only integrates a variety of high-precision sensors and advanced data processing technologies, but also adopts intelligent fault prediction algorithms and adaptive energy management strategies. In addition, the system supports multi-mode communication protocols to ensure stable data transmission in various environments, and provides a user-customized operation interface and secure encrypted communication guarantees. Through the comprehensive application of these technologies, an efficient, safe and intelligent solution is provided for the comprehensive monitoring and control of rubber tapping equipment. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the shortcomings of the background technology, the present invention provides a comprehensive monitoring and control system for rubber tapping equipment based on the Internet of Things, which integrates the Internet of Things technology and realizes the intelligent operation of the rubber tapping equipment through multiple modules, thereby significantly improving the operating efficiency and safety.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: an all-round monitoring and control system for a rubber tapping device based on the Internet of Things, comprising a sensor integration module, a data acquisition and processing module, a control unit, a real-time monitoring module, a fault diagnosis and maintenance system, an energy management module, a communication protocol manager, a user interface customization tool and a security encryption module connected to the rubber tapping device for closed-loop control;

[0009] The sensor integration module includes at least three types of sensors: a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a pressure sensor, which are deployed at relevant positions of the rubber tapping device, and each type of sensor includes at least three independent sensor units, which monitor the working environment of the rubber tapping device in real time and send the collected data to the data acquisition and processing module;

[0010] The data acquisition and processing module synchronously collects data collected by the sensor at a sampling frequency of at least 200 Hz, and completes data acquisition, synchronization and preprocessing within 50 milliseconds. The preprocessed data is used for real-time monitoring of the real-time monitoring module and control decision-making of the control unit;

[0011] The control unit receives control instructions sent by the operator through the interface customized by the user interface customization tool, and the control unit converts these control instructions into control signals and sends them to the rubber tapping device in real time;

[0012] The real-time monitoring module provides video monitoring of the rubber tapping device at a rate of at least 25 frames per second, and the video stream is encoded in real time through the H.265 video encoding format and transmitted in real time at a transmission rate of at least 3Mbps. At the same time, the real-time monitoring module combines the data pre-processed by the data acquisition and processing module, and uses the communication protocol manager to display the operating status of the rubber tapping device in real time in the interface customized by the user interface customization tool;

[0013] The communication protocol manager is used for data transmission between the sensor integration module, the data acquisition and processing module, the real-time monitoring module, the control unit and the rubber tapping device, and selects the best option of the communication protocol among Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, LoRa and ZigBee according to the real-time status;

[0014] The fault diagnosis and maintenance system analyzes the data generated during the operation of the rubber tapping device, analyzes the data through a machine learning algorithm, predicts the fault factors of the operation status of the rubber tapping device, and prompts the operator to perform maintenance through an interface customized by a user interface customization tool;

[0015] The energy management module automatically adjusts the energy usage according to the working state and environmental parameters of the rubber tapping device, and adjusts the energy supply of the rubber tapping device according to the load level;

[0016] The user interface customization tool and the security encryption module work together. The user interface customization tool allows the operator to customize the control interface according to personal needs. The security encryption module uses at least 256-bit AES algorithm to perform end-to-end encryption on all data transmitted by the communication protocol manager.

[0017] Furthermore, each sensor unit of the sensor integrated module has a preset calibration period and has an accuracy of at least ±0.5%.

[0018] Furthermore, the data acquisition and processing module pre-processes the data including data filtering, noise removal and normalization.

[0019] Furthermore, the control instructions received by the control unit include at least engine start and stop, speed regulation, direction control and load adjustment.

[0020] Furthermore, the real-time monitoring module uses a camera to capture the video of the rubber tapping device operation site, and the camera supports a resolution of at least 1920×1080 pixels.

[0021] Furthermore, the communication protocol manager is designed to have a switching time of less than 50 milliseconds, ensuring that the packet loss rate is less than 0.1% when switching between different communication protocols.

[0022] Furthermore, before the communication begins, the security encryption module first randomly generates a 256-bit encryption key and securely exchanges it with the receiving end through a key exchange protocol. When the operator sends a control instruction through the interface customized by the user interface customization tool or transmits monitoring data within the system, the security encryption module uses the generated key to encrypt the data. The encryption process includes the generation of an initialization vector IV. IV is random to ensure that the encryption results of the same data block are different when encrypted multiple times.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. Significantly improve energy efficiency: Through adaptive energy management, the system can monitor the working status and environmental conditions of the rubber tapping device in real time, and intelligently adjust energy distribution and consumption. Under low load or environmental conditions, the system automatically reduces energy consumption, and increases energy supply accordingly under high load or harsh environmental conditions. Through this intelligent adjustment and optimization of energy efficiency, it can improve energy efficiency by at least 30%, reduce operating costs, and extend the service life of the device;

[0025] 2. Significantly reduce downtime due to failures: The intelligent fault prediction function uses machine learning algorithms to conduct in-depth analysis of the operating data of the rubber tapping equipment, which can identify and predict potential failures in advance. This function allows operators to take measures before failures occur, thereby avoiding unexpected downtime and maintenance delays, reducing downtime caused by failures by at least 50%, and significantly improving the reliability and operation continuity of the rubber tapping equipment;

[0026] 3. Enhance the stability and security of the system: Through secure encryption, all transmitted data is encrypted end-to-end using at least 256-bit Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm to ensure the security of data transmission and the confidentiality of rubber tapping device operations, which not only prevents unauthorized access and data leakage, but also improves the system's ability to resist network attacks. In addition, real-time monitoring combined with high-definition video and sensor data provides real-time status information of the rubber tapping device, allowing operators to quickly respond to abnormal situations, further enhancing the stability and security of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a system block diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, a comprehensive monitoring and control system for rubber tapping equipment based on the Internet of Things includes a sensor integration module, a data acquisition and processing module, a control unit, a real-time monitoring module, a fault diagnosis and maintenance system, an energy management module, a communication protocol manager, a user interface customization tool, and a security encryption module.

[0030] The sensor integrated module is used to realize accurate monitoring of the working environment of the rubber tapping device. The design of the system starts with the selection and deployment of at least three types of sensors, including temperature sensors, humidity sensors and pressure sensors. Each type of sensor contains at least three independent sensor units to ensure data redundancy and reliability. These sensors are precisely deployed at relevant locations of the rubber tapping device, such as temperature sensors near the motor exhaust port, humidity sensors in areas where humidity monitoring is required, and pressure sensors in areas susceptible to changes in environmental pressure. Each sensor unit has an accuracy of at least ±0.5% to ensure the accuracy of the monitoring data. The temperature sensor has a range of -40°C to 150°C, the humidity sensor has a range of 0% to 100% relative humidity, and the pressure sensor has a range of 800hPa to 1100hPa. These sensors collect data at a frequency of at least once per second, and the synchronization of data collection is ensured by a high-precision data acquisition and processing module. The collected data will be pre-processed before transmission, including steps such as digital conversion, filtering and normalization to eliminate noise and improve data quality. The pre-processed data is transmitted to the central processing unit consisting of the control unit and the real-time monitoring module through the communication protocol manager inside the system. The transmission rate is at least 100Mbps, ensuring that the data can be transmitted quickly and accurately. In the central processing unit, the data is further analyzed and used for control decisions and real-time monitoring. For example, if the temperature sensor detects that the motor temperature exceeds the preset threshold of 95°C, the system automatically adjusts the operation of the cooling system and displays a warning message on the user interface. Similarly, abnormal changes in humidity and pressure will also trigger corresponding adjustments and warnings. The system can be designed with a regular calibration process. Each sensor has a preset calibration cycle, such as calibration every 6 months. During the calibration process, the sensor readings are compared with the standard reference equipment, and the deviation is adjusted through the automatic calibration algorithm to ensure that the sensor accuracy is maintained within ±0.5%.

[0031] The data acquisition and processing module ensures the real-time and accurate acquisition and preprocessing of the rubber tapping device status data. Specifically, the design of the data acquisition and processing module starts with a core parameter: sampling frequency. The data acquisition and processing module supports a sampling frequency of at least 200Hz, allowing the system to collect data every 5 milliseconds. Such high-frequency acquisition ensures continuous monitoring of the operating status of the rubber tapping device, and key parameters such as speed, temperature and load can be accurately captured. The collected data should be synchronized to ensure the temporal consistency of data points from different sensors. Therefore, the data acquisition and processing module adopts a synchronization mechanism, which can complete the data synchronization of all sensors within 50 milliseconds, with microsecond timestamps, ensuring the timeliness of the data and the accuracy of the analysis. After data acquisition and synchronization, data preprocessing is performed, which includes data filtering, noise removal, normalization, outlier detection, etc. to ensure data quality. For example, abnormal data points caused by sensor noise are removed within 20 milliseconds by using a median filter. The pre-processed data is fed into the analysis engine, which completes an in-depth analysis of the data within 30 milliseconds. The analysis engine uses advanced algorithms, such as fast Fourier transform (FFT), to identify potential problems and trends in the operation of the rubber tapping device, such as analyzing the imbalance of the rubber tapping device through vibration data. The results of the analysis are output to the user interface in real time and fed back to the control unit. The operator can see the processed data and analysis results, such as real-time charts and warning messages, on the user interface. At the same time, the control unit will automatically adjust the operating parameters of the rubber tapping device according to the analysis results. The temperature chart displayed on the user interface is updated in real time, reflecting the temperature of key parts of the tapping device. If the monitored temperature approaches or exceeds the preset safety threshold, the system will automatically trigger a warning and may automatically adjust the operation of the cooling system, such as increasing the flow rate of the coolant to ensure that the equipment does not overheat. This automatic adjustment helps prevent equipment damage and ensure the continuity of operations. Humidity and pressure charts are also dynamically displayed on the user interface, providing operators with comprehensive working environment information. When the humidity or pressure exceeds the range suitable for tapping, the system will issue a warning and can automatically adjust the operation mode of the tapping device, such as reducing the tapping depth in a high humidity environment to prevent damage to the rubber quality. When the sensor detects any abnormal data, the user interface will immediately display a warning message. These warning messages are designed to be very eye-catching, ensuring that the operator can quickly notice and take necessary countermeasures. For example, if the pressure sensor shows that the pressure on the device is too high, the warning message will prompt the operator to reduce the load or suspend the operation to avoid potential safety accidents. The control unit automatically executes the preset control instructions based on the real-time data analysis results. For example, the system may automatically adjust the tapping speed based on the real-time data of temperature and humidity, or automatically stop the machine for inspection when abnormal vibration is detected. This intelligent control not only improves the efficiency of the operation, but also enhances the safety of the operation.The system provides operators with a comprehensive, real-time monitoring platform and improves the operating efficiency and safety of rubber tapping equipment through automated control. Operators can rely on the information on the user interface to make timely decisions, while the control unit automatically adjusts the operating parameters of the equipment in the background to ensure efficient and safe tapping operations. For example, it adjusts the operating speed of the motor or activates the cooling system to maintain the optimal operating state of the rubber tapping equipment.

[0032] The control unit is customized through an interactive graphical user interface (GUI) by a user interface customization tool, so that the operator can precisely control the rubber tapping device. Specifically, the user interface design of the control unit is centered on user experience, providing intuitive access to at least 15 control command designs, including but not limited to engine start and stop, speed adjustment (ranging from 0 to maximum speed, expressed in revolutions per minute RPM), direction control (such as forward, reverse), load adjustment (expressed in percentage of device load capacity), cooling system control, lighting control, emergency shutdown, automatic and manual mode switching, data recording, video surveillance switching, alarm system control, maintenance mode activation, energy management settings, communication protocol selection, and user profile management. Each control instruction is implemented by a graphic button and a slider (in the all-round monitoring and control system of the rubber tapping device of the present invention, the user interface intuitively implements the operation of at least 15 control instructions through graphic buttons and sliders, including the start and stop of the engine controlled by a conspicuous graphic button, the speed adjustment is fine-tuned by a slider to match different operating requirements, the direction control is implemented by a group of buttons marked with forward, backward, left turn and right turn, and the load adjustment also uses a slider to adapt to different load conditions. In addition, key functions such as the cooling system, lighting, and emergency stop are equipped with intuitive switch buttons, while automatic and manual mode switching, data recording, video monitoring switching, and alarm system control are operated by specific graphic buttons. Maintenance mode activation and energy management settings provide dedicated buttons and sliders, communication protocol selection is quickly switched through a drop-down menu, and user profile management allows operators to manage personalized settings through "save" and "load" buttons. These carefully designed control elements ensure that the operator can quickly and accurately control the tapping device, improving the efficiency and safety of the operation), ensuring that the operator can quickly identify and operate. When the operator selects specific control instructions through the GUI, the control unit maps these instructions into executable operation codes. For example, speed regulation is controlled by a slider ranging from 0 to 100%, with each scale representing 1% of the maximum speed of the machine. The operator's operation will be converted into specific numerical parameters and encapsulated into a control data packet together with the instruction code. The control data packet is constructed according to a standardized protocol and includes information such as instruction type, parameter value, and timestamp. These data packets are sent through the communication protocol selected by the communication protocol manager to ensure that they are transmitted to the receiving unit of the rubber tapping device at a rate of at least 1Mbps and low latency. After the rubber tapping device receives the data packet, the built-in control system parses the instruction and performs the corresponding operation (in the omnidirectional monitoring and control system of the rubber tapping device of the present invention, the built-in control system plays a core role, which is responsible for parsing the control instructions from the user interface and performing the corresponding operation.When the operator issues control instructions through the user interface, such as adjusting the tapping speed or changing the operation direction, these instructions are first converted into digital signals and then transmitted to the built-in control system through the communication network inside the system. After receiving these signals, the control system will parse and identify the specific operation requirements. For example, if a speed adjustment instruction is received, the control system will accurately calculate the motor speed parameters that need to be adjusted. Subsequently, the control system will send the corresponding control signal to the motor driver. After receiving the signal, the driver will immediately adjust the running speed of the motor to ensure that the tapping device performs accurate speed control according to the operator's instructions. In addition, the control system will monitor the feedback information of the tapping device in real time to confirm whether the instructions are executed correctly, and make adjustments when necessary to ensure the continuity and stability of the tapping operation. Through this precise instruction parsing and execution mechanism, the control system ensures that the tapping device can respond to every instruction of the operator efficiently and accurately, thereby realizing automated and intelligent tapping operations). For example, if a speed adjustment instruction is received, the motor management system of the rubber tapping device adjusts the speed according to the instruction parameters to achieve accurate speed control. The execution results and the real-time status information of the rubber tapping device are fed back to the control unit and updated in real time through the GUI. The operator can intuitively see the effect of the operation and the current status of the rubber tapping device through indicator lights, status messages or charts on the user interface (in the all-round monitoring and control system of the rubber tapping device of the present invention, the user interface provides the operator with comprehensive and intuitive device status information through clear indicator lights, real-time updated status messages and dynamic charts. The indicator lights are color-coded in red, yellow and green, representing emergency, warning and normal states respectively. They are located in a prominent position on the interface, with labels next to them for quick identification; the status message displays the key information of the tapping device in real time in text form, such as engine status, cooling system status and any system warnings. These messages can be configured with display content and frequency to prevent information overload; at the same time, real-time and historical data charts show the changing trends of key parameters, and the operator can view detailed data through interactive operations. This comprehensive information display method ensures that the operator can grasp the operating status of the tapping device in a timely manner and effectively monitor the operation process, thereby improving the efficiency and safety of the operation). In addition, the control unit has an error detection and processing mechanism (in the all-round monitoring and control system of the rubber tapping device of the present invention, the control unit integrates an advanced and comprehensive error detection and processing mechanism to ensure the stability and safety of the tapping operation. This mechanism can monitor the operating status of the tapping device in real time. Once any abnormality or error is detected, such as the control instruction fails to be successfully executed, the sensor data exceeds the normal range or the system performance decreases, the system will automatically trigger an alarm and display specific error information through the user interface.At the same time, the control unit will immediately start the preset fault diagnosis program, analyze the cause of the problem, and take corresponding treatment measures according to the diagnosis results, such as automatically resending control instructions, adjusting the working parameters of the rubber tapping device, or switching to the backup system to minimize the impact of the error on the operation. In addition, the system is also able to record detailed information on all error events, including the time of occurrence, error type, and processing results, to provide data support for subsequent maintenance and optimization. Through this comprehensive error detection and processing mechanism, the control unit not only improves the reliability of rubber tapping operations, but also enhances the ability to prevent and respond to potential risks). If the control command sent fails to execute successfully, the system will display an error message and provide a retry or backup operation plan. All control operations are protected by a security encryption module to ensure the security of operations and the integrity of data.

[0033] The user interface customization tool is used to generate a user interface, providing at least 50 different interface layouts and display options, bringing a highly personalized operating experience to the operator. Specifically, when the operator logs into the user interface for the first time, he will enter the initial interface selection link. The initial interface includes three preset themes: "Classic Mode", "Simple Mode" and "High Contrast Mode". Each preset theme is optimized for different usage scenarios and visual needs. For example, "High Contrast Mode" is designed for outdoor strong light environments, and its contrast parameter is set to higher than 7:1 to improve visibility. After selecting a preset theme, the operator rearranges the control buttons, data display screens and status indicators on the interface by dragging and dropping to achieve personalized settings. The size of the control buttons can be adjusted, with a minimum size of 24×24 pixels and a maximum size of 48×48 pixels to accommodate operators with different vision levels; the operator can customize the display method of data, including multiple display methods such as numbers, charts, and graphs; the operator can choose to display temperature and humidity data in the form of real-time charts, and the chart update frequency can be set to refresh at least every 10 seconds to ensure that the operator can monitor environmental changes in real time. After completing the personalized settings, the operator saves these settings as a personal profile. The system supports at least 10 different personal profiles. Each operator can save their own personalized settings and quickly switch between them within 1 second. The operator can adjust the interface settings at any time according to the actual experience during use. In addition, the system provides a real-time feedback mechanism that allows operators to instantly adjust interface elements during operation, such as changing the color of control buttons or adjusting the level of detail of data display. A highly flexible and responsive real-time feedback mechanism is designed, which allows operators to make instant adjustments to multiple elements of the user interface based on real-time feedback and personal preferences during the rubber tapping operation. The operator can change the color of the control button through simple interface operations, such as clicking or dragging, to improve the readability of the interface and the convenience of operation in different light or visual environments. For example, under strong light conditions, the operator may choose to adjust the button color to a softer tone to reduce eye fatigue; at night or in a dimly lit environment, a brighter color may be selected to ensure the visibility of the button and the accuracy of the operation. The operator can also adjust the level of detail of the data display as needed. When in-depth analysis of the tapping equipment performance is needed, the operator can command the system to display more detailed data charts and parameter information, such as precise readings of sensors such as temperature, humidity, and pressure, as well as comparative analysis of historical data. These detailed data displays can help operators better understand the operating status of the tapping equipment and promptly identify and resolve potential problems. On the contrary, when only basic operating status needs to be monitored, the operator can choose a simplified data view that only displays the most critical information, such as an overall indication of equipment status and real-time alarms, thereby avoiding information overload and improving monitoring efficiency.This real-time feedback mechanism also includes adjustments to charts and data display formats. Operators can choose different chart types (such as line charts, bar charts, pie charts, etc.) or adjust the time scale and data range of the chart according to their personal habits and the needs of the current task. The system also provides real-time data filtering and aggregation functions, allowing operators to filter data displays according to specific parameters or conditions, or to aggregate information from multiple data sources to obtain a more comprehensive analytical perspective. Through these meticulous adjustment options, the real-time feedback mechanism greatly enhances the adaptability and personalization of the user interface, allowing operators to customize an operating environment that best suits them according to their needs and preferences. This high degree of flexibility and customization not only improves the operator's work efficiency, but also makes the monitoring and control process of rubber tapping operations more intuitive, efficient and safe.

[0034] The real-time monitoring module provides the operator with a comprehensive view of the rubber tapping device and its working environment through high-definition video and accurate data feedback. Specifically, the real-time monitoring module uses at least three high-resolution cameras to capture videos of the rubber tapping device operation site. The cameras support a resolution of at least 1920×1080 pixels and can stably transmit video streams at a rate of at least 25 frames per second (fps). In addition, the cameras are equipped with an aperture of at least f / 2.0 and an optical zoom capability of at least 10 times to ensure clear images under different lighting and distance conditions. The captured video stream is encoded in real time using the H.265 video encoding format, which can reduce the amount of video data by 50% while maintaining image quality. The encoded video data is sent through the communication protocol selected by the communication protocol manager, ensuring that the video stream is transmitted to the monitoring center in real time at a transmission rate of at least 3Mbps and a delay of less than 100 milliseconds. The real-time monitoring module integrates at least five types of sensors, including temperature, humidity, pressure, light intensity, and sound level sensors, which collect data at a frequency of at least once per second and convert the data into digital signals, which are sent to the monitoring center through the same communication protocol as the video stream. In the monitoring center, video streams and sensor data are synchronously integrated and displayed in real time on the user interface. The data overlay on the video screen displays the real-time values ​​of environmental parameters, such as the temperature is displayed as "Current temperature: 25°C", while the data panel of the user interface provides more detailed environmental parameters and device status information. Operators can interact with the real-time monitoring module through the GUI, such as selecting different camera angles, adjusting the video playback speed, setting alarm thresholds for environmental parameters, etc. The GUI provides an intuitive control panel and menu to ensure that operators can easily manage and respond to monitoring situations. The real-time monitoring module also includes an alarm system. When any sensor data exceeds the preset safety range, the system will automatically trigger an alarm to notify the operator. At the same time, the system will automatically record all key events and abnormal situations, including video clips and sensor data, for subsequent analysis and auditing.

[0035] The communication protocol manager has a multi-mode communication protocol to achieve efficient data transmission in a changing environment, and has a built-in intelligent selection mechanism (this mechanism automatically selects the best communication protocol by comprehensively considering various factors in the current operating environment to ensure the efficiency and stability of data transmission. Specifically, when the rubber tapping device starts to work or the environmental conditions change, the intelligent selection mechanism will first conduct a comprehensive scan of the surrounding wireless signal environment to evaluate the signal strength, interference level, transmission rate and stability of various communication protocols including Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, LoRa and ZigBee. Then, using the built-in algorithm, it will calculate the most suitable communication protocol option in the current environment based on these evaluation data. For example, in an urban environment, if the Wi-Fi signal strength is high and stable, the system will select Wi-Fi to achieve high-speed data transmission; in remote forest areas, LoRa is preferred due to its long-distance transmission. The intelligent selection mechanism also has the ability to switch quickly. When it detects that the current protocol cannot meet the needs, such as when the signal suddenly weakens or interference increases, it can quickly switch to an alternative communication protocol to ensure the continuity of data transmission. In addition, the mechanism also takes energy efficiency into consideration, giving priority to protocols that can minimize energy consumption while ensuring communication efficiency, thereby extending the operation time and battery life of the tapping device. Through this meticulous intelligent selection and real-time optimization, the communication protocol manager ensures that the rubber tapping device can always achieve stable and reliable data communication in a changing working environment) is used for data transmission between the sensor integration module, data acquisition and processing module, real-time monitoring module, control unit and rubber tapping device, and can select the best option from at least four communication protocols (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, LoRa, ZigBee) according to the real-time status.In the specific operation process, when the system is started, the communication protocol manager first performs an environmental scan to detect the signal quality of various communication protocols in the current environment. In urban areas with good signal coverage, Wi-Fi or Bluetooth is given priority for data transmission, while in remote or forested areas with poor signal coverage, LoRa or ZigBee is given priority for data transmission. For example, Wi-Fi will be given priority when the signal strength reaches -70dBm or above, because it provides a data transmission rate of at least 100Mbps, which is suitable for the rapid transmission of large amounts of data; if the Wi-Fi signal is unstable or the strength is lower than - 70dBm, the system automatically switches to Bluetooth within 100 milliseconds, and Bluetooth provides a stable transmission rate of 1Mbps within a range of 10 meters; if the rubber tapping device is in a remote area without Wi-Fi and Bluetooth conditions, LoRa is enabled, and LoRa can still ensure data transmission when the signal strength is as low as -128dBm, with a coverage range of up to 10 kilometers, which is suitable for long-distance communication; and when low-power communication is required, it switches to ZigBee, which can provide a data transmission rate of 250kbps at a signal strength of -90dBm, which is suitable for periodic transmission of sensor data. The communication protocol manager is designed with a switching time of less than 50 milliseconds to ensure that the packet loss rate is less than 0.1% when switching between different protocols, thereby maintaining the continuity and integrity of control instructions and monitoring data, making the intelligent switching mechanism of the communication protocol manager not only fast, but also able to ensure seamless data transmission during the switching process. In addition, to ensure the security of data transmission, the communication protocol manager is equipped with a security encryption module. All data transmitted via Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, LoRa or ZigBee are encrypted with 128-bit AES to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of the data during transmission. Security encryption ensures that even if the data is intercepted during transmission, unauthorized persons cannot decipher the data content.

[0036] The security encryption module is used for secure encryption communication to ensure the security and confidentiality of all transmitted data. It uses at least 256-bit advanced encryption standard AES algorithm to perform end-to-end encryption processing on the data. Before the communication starts, a 256-bit encryption key is first randomly generated and securely exchanged with the receiving end through a secure key exchange protocol (such as Diffie-Hellman protocol). The key exchange protocol ensures that the exchange of keys is safe even in public communication channels, preventing the keys from being intercepted during transmission. When the operator sends a control instruction through the user interface or the system needs to transmit monitoring data, the security encryption module uses the generated key to encrypt the data. The AES algorithm processes data with a block size of 128 bits to ensure that each encrypted data block is safe. The encryption process includes the generation of an initialization vector IV. IV is random to ensure that the same data block will have different encryption results multiple times, which increases the security of encryption. The encrypted data is sent through the communication protocol selected by the communication protocol manager. At the same time, the communication protocol manager can also perform error detection and retransmission mechanisms on the transmitted data. When the data packet is sent from the sensor integrated module, the data acquisition and processing module or the control unit to the rubber tapping device, the communication protocol manager will monitor the status of data transmission in real time. Through the built-in checksum algorithm, it will perform error detection on each transmitted data packet, such as calculating and comparing the checksum of the data packet or using cyclic redundancy check (CRC) to identify whether the data is erroneous or lost during the transmission process. Once the data packet is found to have an error or failed to be successfully delivered, the communication protocol manager will automatically trigger the retransmission mechanism to resend the damaged or lost data packet until the receiving end confirms that the data is received intact and without error. In addition, the mechanism also takes into account the transmission efficiency and can adjust the priority and frequency of retransmission when necessary to avoid network congestion or delay caused by frequent retransmission. Through this comprehensive error detection and retransmission strategy, the communication protocol manager ensures that the rubber tapping device can achieve high reliability and high integrity data communication in various environments and conditions, thereby ensuring the continuity of the tapping operation and the stable operation of the device, and ensuring the integrity and accuracy of the data. After receiving the encrypted data, the receiving end uses the same 256-bit key and AES algorithm to decrypt the data. After decryption, the system verifies the data integrity, such as calculating the hash value of the data and comparing it with the hash value during transmission. If the hash value matches, the data is considered complete. If the hash value does not match, a request is made to resend the data, which may trigger a security warning. In addition, the security encryption module is also equipped with a real-time monitoring module to continuously monitor security threats that may occur during the communication process. The system records all decryption attempts and analyzes the reasons for decryption failures. If abnormal behavior is detected, such as frequent decryption failures or potential man-in-the-middle attacks, the system can automatically increase the encryption level, strengthen key management, and notify the operator to conduct a security check. The time, source, and results of the decryption attempt are recorded in detail.Through advanced analytical tools, the system can identify and analyze the reasons for decryption failures, distinguishing whether the problem is caused by signal interference, communication errors or malicious attacks. If the system detects abnormal behavior, such as frequent decryption failures, which may indicate the existence of a man-in-the-middle attack attempting to illegally access data, the system will automatically trigger a series of security response measures. These measures include but are not limited to increasing the complexity of the encryption algorithm, upgrading from 128-bit AES encryption to more advanced 256-bit encryption to enhance data protection. At the same time, the system will strengthen key management, possibly by replacing the currently used encryption keys or adopting more complex key generation strategies to ensure the security and uniqueness of the keys. While these security measures are being implemented, the system will also issue security warnings to the operator through the user interface, prompting the operator of possible security threats and suggesting that the operator conduct further security checks, such as checking the network environment, updating security policies or performing system maintenance. This design ensures that the system can respond in a timely manner when facing potential security threats, protect the communication security of the rubber tapping equipment, and prevent the leakage of sensitive data.

[0037] The fault diagnosis and maintenance system has an intelligent fault prediction function, and has at least two machine learning algorithms (predictive maintenance algorithm and anomaly detection algorithm) built in. The machine learning algorithm can analyze a large amount of data generated by the rubber tapping device during operation and predict the fault factors of the rubber tapping device's operating status. Specifically, the fault diagnosis and maintenance system can process up to 5,000 records per second to ensure the depth and breadth of the analysis. Its data acquisition relies on a sensor integration module composed of a series of high-precision sensors. These sensors are used to measure the key operating parameters of the rubber tapping device, including temperature, pressure, speed and vibration. The accuracy of the sensor is at least ±0.5%, and the data acquisition frequency is set to 200Hz, which means that the system can collect 200 accurate data points per second. This high-frequency acquisition provides the system with rich real-time data and provides a solid foundation for the fault prediction function. The built-in machine learning algorithm conducts in-depth analysis of this data and can identify potential abnormal patterns and signs of failure (by learning the data patterns of the normal operation of the rubber tapping device, a baseline model is established, and then the deviation of the actual operation data from this model is continuously monitored. When significant deviations in the data are detected, such as sudden temperature increases, abnormal vibration frequencies, or unstable pressure readings, the system will identify these changes as potential abnormal patterns and signs of failure. For example, if the temperature of a component continues to exceed the normal operating range, the system will mark the component as a potential failure point and predict when the failure may occur. In addition, the system can also identify some complex faults Patterns, such as abnormal sounds or vibration patterns in equipment operation, which may be signs of wear or damage to machine parts. Through this in-depth analysis and real-time monitoring, the fault diagnosis and maintenance system can predict potential failures with high accuracy and notify operators in advance to take preventive measures, thereby avoiding unexpected downtime and maintenance delays, and significantly improving the reliability and operation continuity of rubber tapping equipment). For example, if the temperature of a component continues to exceed the upper limit of the normal operating range of 90°C, it will be marked as a potential failure point and the time when the failure may occur will be predicted. Through this analysis, the system can predict failures with at least 95% accuracy, thereby notifying operators in advance to take preventive measures.In addition, the fault diagnosis and maintenance system can have both self-learning and optimization functions (first, the system collects data generated by the rubber tapping equipment during operation through sensors, including key parameters such as temperature, humidity, pressure and vibration; then, it uses machine learning algorithms to analyze these data, establish a baseline model for the normal operation of the equipment, and monitor deviations from the model in real time to identify potential abnormal patterns and signs of failure; whenever the system predicts a possible failure, it will record these prediction results, and after the failure actually occurs, it will compare the prediction with the actual situation to evaluate the accuracy of the prediction; if the prediction is accurate, the system will analyze the reasons for the successful prediction, strengthen the weights of related parameters, and improve the accuracy of future predictions; if the prediction fails, the system will deeply analyze the reasons and adjust the algorithm parameters. The system can also improve the prediction model based on the operator's feedback and maintenance records. Through this continuous self-learning and optimization process, the system can gradually improve the accuracy of fault prediction, reduce false alarms and missed alarms, more effectively guide maintenance work, prevent faults from occurring, and ensure the stable operation of the rubber tapping device, which reflects the system's advancement and practicality in the field of intelligent fault diagnosis. The algorithm parameters are automatically adjusted according to the results of each prediction to improve the accuracy of future fault predictions. For example, if a fault is not accurately identified in a certain prediction, more variables such as ambient temperature and humidity are considered in future predictions to reduce false alarms and missed alarms. This self-learning and optimization function helps ensure that the system can maintain efficient fault prediction capabilities when facing complex and changing operating conditions. Through the intelligent fault prediction function, the system of the present invention can significantly reduce the unexpected downtime of the rubber tapping device, and the operator can also plan maintenance and repair work according to the prediction results displayed on the user interface, thereby reducing downtime by at least 50%. This preventive maintenance strategy not only reduces maintenance costs, but also improves the utilization efficiency and operation continuity of rubber tapping equipment, ensuring the high efficiency and stability of tapping operations.

[0038] The energy management module uses an integrated approach to achieve adaptive energy management, and can automatically adjust energy use according to the real-time working state of the rubber tapping device and at least four environmental parameters (temperature, humidity, air pressure, and light intensity). Specifically, the system monitors environmental parameters in real time and inputs the acquired data into a precision algorithm. The data preprocessing algorithm ensures that the raw data collected by the sensor is accurate and reliable. Then the energy demand prediction algorithm uses time series analysis and machine learning technology to combine historical energy consumption data and real-time environmental parameters to predict the energy demand of the tapping device. The intelligent adjustment algorithm dynamically adjusts the energy supply and optimizes energy efficiency based on these prediction results and the actual working state of the device. The adaptive learning algorithm allows the system to continuously learn and optimize the prediction model and adjustment strategy based on the operator's manual adjustment and actual energy consumption, thereby improving the accuracy of energy management. The environmental adaptability algorithm ensures that the device can automatically adapt to environmental changes and maintain optimal performance. Finally, the user interaction algorithm processes the operator's manual adjustment request to achieve efficient coordination of human-computer interaction. The comprehensive application of these algorithms makes the energy management of the tapping device both intelligent and efficient, significantly improving the automation level of the operation and the energy efficiency. The algorithm can analyze and predict changes in energy demand with a response time of at least 0.1 seconds. An intelligent adjustment mechanism is set up inside the system (where the sensor integration module collects data on environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, air pressure and light intensity, as well as information on the working status of the rubber tapping equipment. This data is transmitted to the control system, and the intelligent adjustment algorithm then analyzes this information, evaluates the current energy demand, and compares it with the preset energy efficiency goals and historical operating data. Based on the results of the algorithm analysis, the intelligent adjustment mechanism automatically performs adjustments to the energy supply, which may include adjusting the operating speed of the motor, optimizing the pressure of the hydraulic system, or adjusting the efficiency of the cooling system to adapt to the current workload and environmental conditions. At the same time, the system will continue to monitor the effects of the adjustments, and through a closed-loop control feedback mechanism, fine-tune the adjustment strategy to ensure that the rubber tapping equipment always maintains the best energy efficiency and performance. status. In addition, the intelligent adjustment mechanism also has the ability of self-learning and optimization, and can continuously improve its adjustment strategy and improve energy efficiency based on the operation data collected over a long period of time. The operator can monitor the operation of the intelligent adjustment mechanism in real time through the user interface, and manually intervene when necessary to ensure the efficient and stable operation of the tapping operation. This process not only improves the automation level of the tapping operation, but also significantly improves the energy efficiency, reduces operating costs, and reduces the impact on the environment). According to the analysis results of the algorithm, the energy supply of the rubber tapping device is dynamically adjusted. Under low load or environmental conditions, the system will reduce the energy supply to 80% to reduce energy consumption, and under high load or harsh environmental conditions, the system will increase the energy supply to 120% to ensure that the performance of the device is not affected.The intelligent adjustment mechanism not only optimizes energy use, but also improves energy efficiency by at least 30%, significantly reducing operating costs. The adaptive energy management of the system also has strong environmental adaptability. In high temperature environments, the intelligent adjustment mechanism improves the operating efficiency of the cooling system to prevent the device from overheating. In high humidity environments, dehumidification measures are added to maintain the performance and life of mechanical components. This environmental adaptability helps ensure that the rubber tapping device can maintain optimal working conditions under various environmental conditions while reducing energy waste caused by environmental changes. The energy management module provides real-time energy usage feedback through the user interface. The operator can intuitively see the current energy consumption and the measures taken by the system to optimize energy efficiency through the user interface. For example, the system displays the current energy consumption rate, the expected energy savings, and the recommended operational adjustments. This transparency can not only enhance the operator's trust in the system, but also provide data support for further energy management, making the operation of the entire rubber tapping device more efficient, economical and environmentally friendly.

[0039] In summary, the system of the present invention places special emphasis on adaptive energy management, automatically adjusts energy use according to the state and environment of the rubber tapping device, and improves operating efficiency; intelligent fault prediction uses machine learning algorithms to warn potential problems in advance; multi-mode communication protocols ensure stable data transmission; environmental adaptability control automatically adjusts the working mode to adapt to different conditions; user-customized interface meets personalized operation needs; Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) ensures data transmission security. The combined application of these modules significantly improves the operating efficiency and safety of the rubber tapping device, and provides an effective solution for the modern management of the rubber tapping device.

[0040] The operation process of the system of the present invention is a highly integrated and automated process, covering all aspects from data collection to execution control. The specific steps of the system operation process are as follows:

[0041] S1: The system first starts the sensor integration module, which includes at least three types of sensors: temperature sensor, humidity sensor and pressure sensor. Each type of sensor contains at least three independent sensor units, and each sensor unit has an accuracy of at least ±0.5%. These sensors monitor the working environment of the rubber tapping device in real time and send the collected data to the data acquisition and processing module;

[0042] S2: The data acquisition and processing module synchronously collects the data collected by the sensor at a sampling frequency of at least 200 Hz, and completes the data acquisition, synchronization and preprocessing within 50 milliseconds. The data preprocessing includes data filtering, noise removal and normalization to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data. The preprocessed data is used for real-time monitoring of the real-time monitoring module and control decision-making of the control unit;

[0043] S3: The control unit receives control instructions sent by the operator through the interface customized by the user interface customization tool, and the control instructions at least include engine start and stop, speed adjustment, direction control and load adjustment. The control unit converts these control instructions into control signals and sends them to the rubber tapping device in real time;

[0044] S4: The real-time monitoring module provides video monitoring of the rubber tapping device at a rate of at least 25 frames per second. The video stream is encoded in real time through the H.265 video encoding format and transmitted in real time at a transmission rate of at least 3Mbps. At the same time, the real-time monitoring module combines the data pre-processed by the data acquisition and processing module to display the operating status of the rubber tapping device in real time;

[0045] S5: The fault diagnosis and maintenance system has at least two machine learning algorithms built in to analyze the data generated by the rubber tapping device during operation, predict potential faults and provide maintenance suggestions. It can identify at least 95% of potential faults and notify the operator in advance;

[0046] S6: The energy management module automatically adjusts energy usage according to the working status and environmental parameters of the rubber tapping device, and adjusts energy supply by load level, improving energy efficiency by at least 30%;

[0047] S7: The communication protocol manager selects the best option of the communication protocol among Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, LoRa and ZigBee according to the real-time status to ensure stable data transmission;

[0048] S8: The user interface customization tool and the security encryption module work together. The user interface customization tool allows operators to customize the control interface according to their personal needs. The security encryption module uses at least 256-bit AES algorithm to perform end-to-end encryption on all data transmitted by the communication protocol manager.

[0049] S9: The system automatically adjusts the operation of the rubber tapping device according to real-time data and operator instructions to form a closed-loop control.

[0050] Through the above design, the environmental adaptability of the rubber tapping device can be enhanced, so that the rubber tapping device can automatically adjust the working mode according to the real-time monitored environmental parameters to adapt to different working environments. At least three environmental conditions: temperature, humidity and pressure are monitored in real time through a series of high-precision sensors. These sensors have an accuracy of at least ±0.5% and can provide accurate real-time data. For example, the temperature sensor has a range of -40°C to 150°C, the humidity sensor has a range of 0% to 100% relative humidity, and the pressure sensor has a range of 800hPa to 1100hPa. The intelligent algorithm inside the system analyzes these environmental data and compares them with the preset operating parameters. If the analysis results show that the current environmental conditions exceed the standard operating range of the device, the system will automatically trigger the adjustment mechanism. For example, when the ambient temperature is below 0°C, the system will automatically start the heating element to prevent the mechanical parts of the rubber tapping device from freezing. The system performs a series of specific adjustment steps based on the analysis results, such as adjusting the operating parameters of the motor to adapt to temperature changes, such as increasing the amount of fuel injection in a low temperature environment to ensure smooth starting; adjusting the pressure setting of the hydraulic system in a high humidity environment to prevent the hydraulic oil from deteriorating; adjusting the air intake of the air filter when the air pressure changes to maintain the optimal combustion efficiency of the motor. The system also has learning and memory functions, and can optimize the adjustment strategy based on historical data. For example, if the system records that a certain pressure setting can extend the maintenance cycle of the hydraulic system under certain humidity conditions, it will automatically apply this setting when encountering similar conditions in the future. The implementation of environmental adaptability control ensures that the rubber tapping device can maintain optimal performance and operating efficiency under various environmental conditions. Through this intelligent control, the system not only improves the reliability and durability of the device, but also reduces maintenance costs and operating risks, reflecting the important innovation of the system of the present invention in the field of automation and intelligence of forestry machinery.

[0051] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other forms of assembly without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0052] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A comprehensive monitoring and control system for rubber tapping equipment based on the Internet of Things, characterized by: It includes a sensor integration module, a data acquisition and processing module, a control unit, a real-time monitoring module, a fault diagnosis and maintenance system, an energy management module, a communication protocol manager, a user interface customization tool and a security encryption module, which are connected with the rubber tapping device for closed-loop control; The sensor integration module includes at least three types of sensors: a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a pressure sensor, which are deployed at relevant positions of the rubber tapping device, and each type of sensor includes at least three independent sensor units, which monitor the working environment of the rubber tapping device in real time and send the collected data to the data acquisition and processing module; The data acquisition and processing module synchronously collects data collected by the sensor at a sampling frequency of at least 200 Hz, and completes data acquisition, synchronization and preprocessing within 50 milliseconds. The preprocessed data is used for real-time monitoring of the real-time monitoring module and control decision-making of the control unit; The control unit receives control instructions sent by the operator through the interface customized by the user interface customization tool, and the control unit converts these control instructions into control signals and sends them to the rubber tapping device in real time; The real-time monitoring module provides video monitoring of the rubber tapping device at a rate of at least 25 frames per second, and the video stream is encoded in real time through the H.265 video encoding format and transmitted in real time at a transmission rate of at least 3Mbps. At the same time, the real-time monitoring module combines the data pre-processed by the data acquisition and processing module, and uses the communication protocol manager to display the operating status of the rubber tapping device in real time in the interface customized by the user interface customization tool; The communication protocol manager is used for data transmission between the sensor integration module, the data acquisition and processing module, the real-time monitoring module, the control unit and the rubber tapping device, and selects the best option of the communication protocol among Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, LoRa and ZigBee according to the real-time status; The fault diagnosis and maintenance system analyzes the data generated during the operation of the rubber tapping device, analyzes the data through a machine learning algorithm, predicts the fault factors of the operation status of the rubber tapping device, and prompts the operator to perform maintenance through an interface customized by a user interface customization tool; The energy management module automatically adjusts the energy usage according to the working state and environmental parameters of the rubber tapping device, and adjusts the energy supply of the rubber tapping device according to the load level; The user interface customization tool and the security encryption module work together. The user interface customization tool allows the operator to customize the control interface according to personal needs. The security encryption module uses at least 256-bit AES algorithm to perform end-to-end encryption on all data transmitted by the communication protocol manager.

2. According to claim 1, a comprehensive monitoring and control system for rubber tapping equipment based on the Internet of Things is characterized in that: Each sensor unit of the sensor integrated module has a preset calibration period and has an accuracy of at least ±0.5%.

3. The all-round monitoring and control system for rubber tapping device based on Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data acquisition and processing module performs data preprocessing including data filtering, noise removal and normalization.

4. The all-round monitoring and control system for rubber tapping device based on Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The control instructions received by the control unit include at least engine start and stop, speed regulation, direction control and load adjustment.

5. The all-round monitoring and control system for rubber tapping equipment based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The real-time monitoring module uses a camera to capture the video of the rubber tapping device operation site, and the camera supports a resolution of at least 1920×1080 pixels.

6. The all-round monitoring and control system for rubber tapping equipment based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The communication protocol manager is designed to have a switching time of less than 50 milliseconds, ensuring that the packet loss rate is less than 0.1% when switching between different communication protocols.

7. The all-round monitoring and control system for rubber tapping equipment based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Before the communication starts, the security encryption module first randomly generates a 256-bit encryption key and securely exchanges it with the receiving end through the key exchange protocol. When the operator sends a control instruction or transmits monitoring data within the system through the interface customized by the user interface customization tool, the security encryption module uses the generated key to encrypt the data. The encryption process includes the generation of an initialization vector IV. The IV is random to ensure that the encryption results of the same data block are different multiple times.

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