Intelligent monitoring and early warning system and method for cable well

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent monitoring and early warning system and method for a cable well, and relates to the technical field of cable well monitoring, and the system comprises a cable model database, an environment data collection module, a cable data collection module, an information processing module and a monitoring time interval correction module. Any cable model and a diameter thermal expansion coefficient corresponding to the cable model are recorded, environmental data in the cable well are collected through a sensor, model data and real-time radius of the cable are collected, the environmental data in the current cable well are analyzed, and a cable diameter thermal expansion prediction coefficient is calculated; comparing the current actual expansion coefficient of the cable to select whether to trigger cable abnormity alarm or not; when the cable abnormity alarm is not triggered, the system analyzes the environment data in the cable well, when the environment data in any cable well is abnormal, the cable well abnormity alarm is triggered, and the monitoring time interval is adjusted, the cable well monitoring analysis result is considered, a monitoring time setting mode is provided, and the cable well management and control efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cable well monitoring, and in particular to an intelligent monitoring and early warning system and method for a cable well. Background Art

[0002] Cable wells are underground facilities that perform complex functions. They are mainly used to carry, organize and distribute various cables. Whether it is protecting cables, isolating carrying cables or maintaining cables, cable wells play an important role. Cable well inspection can be traced back to the early days of the construction of power and communication networks, when people used manual methods to inspect cable wells and check the status and connections of cables. This method was inefficient and risky. In the early 20th century, with the advancement of technology, some tools and equipment for cable well inspection began to appear, which could monitor the status of cable wells in real time and detect problems in advance, thereby reducing maintenance costs and risks.

[0003] There is a lack of a portable visual cable well detection device on the market. On the one hand, the existing intelligent monitoring and early warning system for cable wells often monitors one item in the cable well environment. There is a lack of an integrated multi-functional portable visual cable well detection device. The time cost and human capital during detection are high, and it is difficult to meet user needs. On the one hand, the existing system lacks analysis of the cable itself, and lacks a database of cable diameter expansion change indicators. During the cable monitoring process, it is difficult to determine whether the cable is in an abnormal state. On the other hand, even if multiple functions are met and the real-time conditions in the cable well can be monitored, the existing technology does not optimize the monitoring time interval when monitoring the cable well, and cannot control the cable well monitoring cost while ensuring the safety of the cable well.

[0004] Therefore, a cable well intelligent monitoring and early warning system and method are needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cable well intelligent monitoring and early warning system and method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an intelligent monitoring and early warning system for cable wells, the system comprising: a cable model database, an environmental data acquisition module, a cable data acquisition module, an information processing module and a monitoring time interval correction module; Record any cable model and the diameter thermal expansion coefficient corresponding to any cable model through the cable model database; The environmental data acquisition module collects environmental data in the cable well through sensors; The cable data acquisition module is used to collect the model data and real-time radius of the cable; The information processing module analyzes the current environmental data in the cable well to calculate the expected thermal expansion coefficient of the cable diameter, and compares the current actual cable expansion coefficient to select whether to trigger the cable abnormality alarm; when the cable abnormality alarm is not triggered, the system analyzes the environmental data in the cable well, and when any of the environmental data in the cable well is abnormal, the cable well abnormality alarm is triggered; The monitoring time interval is adjusted by the monitoring time interval correction module.

[0007] Furthermore, the cable model database records the cable number of any cable in the cable well, the cable model corresponding to the cable number and the diameter thermal expansion coefficient corresponding to the cable model. The diameter thermal expansion coefficient indicates the percentage of the diameter change when the cable changes by one unit temperature to the diameter before the temperature change.

[0008] Furthermore, the environmental data acquisition module includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a gas detector. The system obtains the real-time temperature in the cable well through the temperature sensor, obtains the real-time humidity in the cable well through the humidity sensor, and obtains the content of any monitored gas in the air in the cable well through the gas sensor. The environmental data includes temperature data, humidity data and monitored gas content data in the cable well, and the monitored gas is the gas detection object set by the system.

[0009] Furthermore, the cable data acquisition module includes a high-definition camera. The system collects the cable number and current diameter of any cable through the high-definition camera. The cable number is stored in a database. The cable information is attached to the cable number as a subordinate file. The cable number is also printed as text information on a cable label. The cable label is attached to the cable in the cable well. PVC material is usually selected. When the system collects the cable number on the cable, the cable material expansion coefficient in the subordinate file of the cable number in the database is immediately called.

[0010] Furthermore, the monitoring time interval correction module is connected to the information processing module through a network. When the information processing module triggers an alarm, the monitoring time interval correction module sets the time interval for the next monitoring; when the information processing module does not trigger an alarm, the monitoring time interval correction module corrects the monitoring data according to the data obtained by the information processing module.

[0011] A cable well intelligent monitoring and early warning method comprises the following steps: S1: Establish a database of any cable model and the diameter thermal expansion coefficient corresponding to any cable model; S2: Collect environmental data and cable data in the cable well; S3: Analyze the current environmental data in the cable well to calculate the expected thermal expansion coefficient of the cable, compare the current actual expansion coefficient of the cable to select whether to trigger the cable abnormality alarm; when the cable abnormality alarm is not triggered, the system analyzes the environmental data in the cable well, and when any of the environmental data in the cable well is abnormal, the cable well abnormality alarm is triggered; S4: Adjust the monitoring time interval based on whether the system triggers an alarm state.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S1, the A-type cable is analyzed, a test temperature T0 is set, and the volume V of the A-type cable at the temperature T0 is calculated. A_0 =L A *(π*R A_0 2 ) / 4, where R A_0 is the outer diameter of type A cable at temperature T0, L A is the length of the cable. During the thermal expansion of the cable, the cable length is considered unchanged. At temperature T1, the volume of type A cable is V A_1 =L A *(π*R A_1 2 ) / 4=L A *π*R A_0 2 *[1+(T1-T0)*B A )] / 4, where B A is the thermal expansion coefficient of the material of type A cable, R A_1 is the outer diameter of type A cable at temperature T1. Simplifying the equation, we get R A_1 : ; Thus, the diameter thermal expansion coefficient C corresponding to the A type cable is calculated. A =(R A_1 -R A_0 ) / (T1-T0). Similarly, the diameter thermal expansion coefficient of any type of cable can be calculated.

[0013] Further, in step S2, the environmental data includes temperature data, humidity data and any monitored gas content data in the cable well, the cable data includes the cable number and the real-time outer diameter of the cable, and the system obtains the real-time temperature T in the cable well through the temperature sensor. X , obtain the real-time humidity RH in the cable well through the humidity sensor X , obtain the monitoring gas M in the air in the cable well through the gas sensor i Content P Mi_X, where the system sets the monitoring gas to be I, i=1,2,…,I, and the system obtains the monitoring cable number and real-time outer diameter R through a high-definition camera X The high-definition camera uses advanced photosensors to make the image details clearer and more delicate. The line-by-line scanning method can provide better image quality, effectively solve the comb blur phenomenon caused by interlaced scanning, and also provide favorable prerequisites for applications such as intelligent analysis.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S3, the current real-time temperature T in the cable well is considered. X , calculate the real-time temperature T X The estimated thermal expansion coefficient E of the cable X : ; The real-time outer diameter of the monitoring cable is known to be R X By comparing the cable number with the information stored in the database, the initial radius R of the monitoring cable at temperature T0 can be called A_0 , calculate the actual expansion coefficient F of the monitoring cable X =(R X -R0)R0, thereby calculating the expansion difference G of the monitoring cable X : ; Prioritize the comparison between the expansion difference and the expansion difference allowable error G set by the system. X ≥G, the system triggers the cable abnormality alarm; When G X When the temperature is less than G, the system simultaneously analyzes the cable well temperature, humidity and monitors the gas content. The system will X Compared with the temperature threshold T set by the system, when T X ≥T, the cable well temperature alarm is triggered; the real-time humidity RH X Compared with the humidity threshold RH set by the system, when RH X ≥RH, the cable well humidity alarm is triggered; the monitored gas M i Content P Mi_X The monitoring gas M i The content threshold P Mi In contrast, when P Mi_X ≥P Mi When the i-th monitored gas content is too high, the alarm is triggered for the cable well. Different alarms are set for different monitoring objects, which is conducive to the management personnel to quickly prepare the tools needed to deal with different problems and reduce the time cost of users in finding problems.

[0015] Further, in step S4, the system adjusts the monitoring time interval according to whether the alarm state is triggered. When the system triggers the cable abnormality alarm, the monitoring time interval is adjusted to the cable abnormality monitoring time interval t set by the system. h ; When the system triggers the cable environment alarm, analyze the abnormal environment monitoring time interval t1: ; Among them, t0 is the initial monitoring time interval set by the system; When the system does not trigger an alarm during this monitoring, set t2 as the cable monitoring time interval and analyze the normal monitoring time interval t2 of the environment: ; Among them, T A A monitoring time setting method is provided for the minimum interval time for cable monitoring set by the system. In order to make the monitoring time interval more reasonably meet the on-site needs, each cable well monitoring situation is analyzed in real time. By real-time analysis of the environmental data and cable data in the cable well, the monitoring time interval is optimized. While taking into account the safety issues of the cable well, it also optimizes human resources and time costs, and improves the detection efficiency of the cable well.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: providing an intelligent monitoring and early warning system and method for a cable well; on the one hand, the system integrates multiple functions, and comprehensively monitors the environmental data in the cable well through temperature sensors, humidity sensors and gas sensors, so as to meet the needs of users for convenient and fast monitoring of the cable well; on the other hand, experiments are conducted on the cables, and the diameter expansion coefficients of the cables are analyzed, so as to evaluate the cable conditions by comparing the actual expansion coefficients of the cables, and timely warn of possible risks of the cables, thereby protecting the safety of the cable well; on the other hand, while meeting multiple functions, a monitoring time setting method is provided, and each cable well monitoring situation is analyzed in real time, so as to optimize the monitoring time interval according to the monitoring results of the cable well, which takes into account both the safety issues of the cable well and the saving of human resources and time costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a cable well intelligent monitoring and early warning system of the present invention; Figure 2 The present invention is a flow chart of a cable well intelligent monitoring and early warning method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 ,The present invention provides a technical solution: a cable well intelligent monitoring and early warning system, the system includes: a cable model database, an environmental data acquisition module, a cable data acquisition module, an information processing module and a monitoring time interval correction module; Record any cable model and the diameter thermal expansion coefficient corresponding to any cable model through the cable model database; The environmental data acquisition module collects environmental data in the cable well through sensors; The cable data acquisition module is used to collect the model data and real-time radius of the cable; The information processing module analyzes the current environmental data in the cable well to calculate the expected thermal expansion coefficient of the cable diameter, and compares the current actual cable expansion coefficient to select whether to trigger the cable abnormality alarm; when the cable abnormality alarm is not triggered, the system analyzes the environmental data in the cable well, and when any of the environmental data in the cable well is abnormal, the cable well abnormality alarm is triggered; The monitoring time interval is adjusted by the monitoring time interval correction module.

[0020] The cable model database records the cable number of any cable in the cable well, the cable model corresponding to the cable number and the diameter thermal expansion coefficient corresponding to the cable model. The diameter thermal expansion coefficient represents the percentage of the diameter change of the cable when the temperature changes by one unit to the diameter before the temperature change.

[0021] The environmental data acquisition module includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a gas detector. The system obtains the real-time temperature in the cable well through the temperature sensor, obtains the real-time humidity in the cable well through the humidity sensor, and obtains the content of any monitored gas in the air in the cable well through the gas sensor. The environmental data includes the temperature data, humidity data and monitored gas content data in the cable well, and the monitored gas is the gas detection object set by the system.

[0022] The cable data acquisition module includes a high-definition camera. The system collects the cable number and current diameter of any cable through the high-definition camera. The cable number is stored in the database. The cable information is attached to the cable number as a subordinate file. The cable number is also printed as text information on the cable label. The cable label is attached to the cable in the cable well. PVC material is usually selected. When the system collects the cable number on the cable, the cable material expansion coefficient in the subordinate file of the cable number in the database is immediately called.

[0023] The monitoring time interval correction module is connected to the information processing module through a network. When the information processing module triggers an alarm, the monitoring time interval correction module sets the time interval for the next monitoring; when the information processing module does not trigger an alarm, the monitoring time interval correction module corrects the monitoring data according to the data obtained by the information processing module.

[0024] A cable well intelligent monitoring and early warning method comprises the following steps: S1: Establish a database of any cable model and the diameter thermal expansion coefficient corresponding to any cable model; S2: Collect environmental data and cable data in the cable well; S3: Analyze the current environmental data in the cable well to calculate the expected thermal expansion coefficient of the cable, compare the current actual expansion coefficient of the cable to select whether to trigger the cable abnormality alarm; when the cable abnormality alarm is not triggered, the system analyzes the environmental data in the cable well, and when any of the environmental data in the cable well is abnormal, the cable well abnormality alarm is triggered; S4: Adjust the monitoring time interval based on whether the system triggers an alarm state.

[0025] In step S1, the cable of type A is analyzed, a test temperature T0 is set, and the volume V of the cable of type A is calculated at the temperature T0. A_0 =L A *(π*R A_0 2 ) / 4, where R A_0 is the outer diameter of type A cable at temperature T0, L A is the length of the cable. At temperature T1, the volume of type A cable is V A_1 =L A *(π*R A_1 2 ) / 4=L A *π*R A_0 2 *[1+(T1-T0)*B A )] / 4, where B A is the thermal expansion coefficient of the material of type A cable, R A_1is the outer diameter of type A cable at temperature T1. Simplifying the equation, we get R A_1 : ; Thus, the diameter thermal expansion coefficient C corresponding to the A type cable is calculated. A =(R A_1 -R A_0 ) / (T1-T0). Similarly, the diameter thermal expansion coefficient of any type of cable can be calculated.

[0026] In step S2, the environmental data includes the temperature data, humidity data and any monitored gas content data in the cable well, the cable data includes the cable number and the real-time outer diameter of the cable, and the system obtains the real-time temperature T in the cable well through the temperature sensor. X , obtain the real-time humidity RH in the cable well through the humidity sensor X , obtain the monitoring gas M in the air in the cable well through the gas sensor i Content P Mi_X , where the system sets the monitoring gas to be I, i=1,2,…,I, and the system obtains the monitoring cable number and real-time outer diameter R through a high-definition camera X The high-definition camera uses advanced photosensors to make the image details clearer and more delicate. The line-by-line scanning method can provide better image quality, effectively solve the comb blur phenomenon caused by interlaced scanning, and also provide favorable prerequisites for applications such as intelligent analysis.

[0027] In step S3, the current real-time temperature T in the cable well is considered. X , calculate the real-time temperature T X The estimated thermal expansion coefficient E of the cable X : ; The real-time outer diameter of the monitoring cable is known to be R X By comparing the cable number with the information stored in the database, the initial radius R of the monitoring cable at temperature T0 can be called A_0 , calculate the actual expansion coefficient F of the monitoring cable X =(R X -R0)R0, thereby calculating the expansion difference G of the monitoring cable X : ; Prioritize the comparison between the expansion difference and the expansion difference allowable error G set by the system. X ≥G, the system triggers the cable abnormality alarm; When G X When the temperature is less than G, the system simultaneously analyzes the cable well temperature, humidity and monitors the gas content. The system willX Compared with the temperature threshold T set by the system, when T X ≥T, the cable well temperature alarm is triggered; the real-time humidity RH X Compared with the humidity threshold RH set by the system, when RH X ≥RH, the cable well humidity alarm is triggered; the monitored gas M i Content P Mi_X The monitoring gas M i The content threshold P Mi In contrast, when P Mi_X ≥P Mi When the i-th monitored gas content is too high, the alarm is triggered for the cable well. Different alarms are set for different monitoring objects, which is conducive to the management personnel to quickly prepare the tools needed to deal with different problems and reduce the time cost of users in finding problems.

[0028] In step S4, the system considers whether to trigger the alarm state and adjusts the monitoring time interval. When the system triggers the cable abnormality alarm, the monitoring time interval is adjusted to the cable abnormality monitoring time interval t set by the system. h ; When the system triggers the cable environment alarm, analyze the abnormal environment monitoring time interval t1: ; Among them, t0 is the initial monitoring time interval set by the system; When the system does not trigger an alarm during this monitoring, set t2 as the cable monitoring time interval and analyze the normal monitoring time interval t2 of the environment: ; Among them, T A A monitoring time setting method is provided for the minimum interval time for cable monitoring set by the system. In order to make the monitoring time interval more reasonably meet the on-site needs, each cable well monitoring situation is analyzed in real time. By real-time analysis of the environmental data and cable data in the cable well, the monitoring time interval is optimized. Taking into account the safety issues of the cable well, human resources and time costs are also optimized.

[0029] Embodiment 1: Considering the current real-time temperature T in the cable well X , obtained by the temperature sensor is 60, calling the database T0=30, T1=40, B A = 0.01, R A _0=0.75, calculate the real-time temperature T X The estimated thermal expansion coefficient E of the cable X : ; That is, when the temperature is 40°C, the thermal expansion coefficient of the cable is 0.11 under ideal conditions. The real-time outer diameter of the monitoring cable is known to be R. X By comparing the cable number with the information stored in the database, the initial radius R of the monitoring cable at temperature T0 can be called A_0 , calculate the actual expansion coefficient F of the monitoring cable X =0.12, thus calculating the expansion difference G of the monitoring cable X : ; Prioritize the comparison between the expansion difference and the expansion difference allowable error G=0.05 set by the system. X ≥G, the system triggers the cable abnormality alarm; When G X When the temperature is less than G, the system simultaneously analyzes the cable well temperature, humidity and monitors the gas content. The system will X Compared with the temperature threshold T set by the system, when T X ≥T, the cable well temperature alarm is triggered; the real-time humidity RH X Compared with the humidity threshold RH set by the system, when RH X ≥RH, the cable well humidity alarm is triggered; the monitored gas M i Content P Mi_X The monitoring gas M i The content threshold P Mi In contrast, when P Mi_X ≥P Mi When the i-th monitored gas content is too high in the cable well, the alarm is triggered. Here, the cable abnormality alarm is triggered. Different alarms are set for different monitoring objects, which is conducive to the management personnel to quickly prepare the tools needed to deal with different problems and reduce the time cost of users in finding problems.

[0030] The system adjusts the monitoring time interval based on whether the system triggers an alarm state. When the system triggers a cable abnormality alarm, the monitoring time interval is adjusted to the cable abnormality monitoring time interval t set by the system. h =10, providing a monitoring time setting method, real-time analysis of each cable well monitoring situation, so as to optimize the monitoring time interval according to the cable well monitoring results, taking into account both the safety of the cable well and the saving of human resources and time costs. Here, since the cable abnormality alarm is triggered, the monitoring interval is optimized to 10.

[0031] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A cable well intelligent monitoring and early warning system, characterized in that: The system includes: a cable model database, an environmental data acquisition module, a cable data acquisition module, an information processing module and a monitoring time interval correction module; Record any cable model and the diameter thermal expansion coefficient corresponding to any cable model through the cable model database; The environmental data acquisition module collects environmental data in the cable well through sensors; The cable data acquisition module is used to collect the model data and real-time radius of the cable; The information processing module analyzes the current environmental data in the cable well to calculate the expected thermal expansion coefficient of the cable diameter, and compares the current actual cable expansion coefficient to select whether to trigger the cable abnormality alarm; when the cable abnormality alarm is not triggered, the system analyzes the environmental data in the cable well, and when any of the environmental data in the cable well is abnormal, the cable well abnormality alarm is triggered; The monitoring time interval is adjusted by the monitoring time interval correction module.

2. The intelligent monitoring and early warning system for cable wells according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cable model database records the cable number of any cable in the cable well, the cable model corresponding to the cable number and the diameter thermal expansion coefficient corresponding to the cable model. The diameter thermal expansion coefficient represents the percentage of the diameter change of the cable when the temperature changes by one unit to the diameter before the temperature change.

3. The intelligent monitoring and early warning system for cable wells according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The environmental data acquisition module includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a gas detector. The system obtains the real-time temperature in the cable well through the temperature sensor, obtains the real-time humidity in the cable well through the humidity sensor, and obtains the content of any monitored gas in the air in the cable well through the gas sensor. The environmental data includes the temperature data, humidity data and monitored gas content data in the cable well, and the monitored gas is the gas detection object set by the system.

4. The intelligent monitoring and early warning system for cable wells according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cable data acquisition module includes a high-definition camera, and the system collects the cable number and current diameter of any cable through the high-definition camera.

5. The intelligent monitoring and early warning system for cable wells according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The monitoring time interval correction module is connected to the information processing module through a network. When the information processing module triggers an alarm, the monitoring time interval correction module sets the time interval for the next monitoring; when the information processing module does not trigger an alarm, the monitoring time interval correction module corrects the monitoring data according to the data obtained by the information processing module.

6. A cable well intelligent monitoring and early warning method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Establish a database of any cable model and the diameter thermal expansion coefficient corresponding to any cable model; S2: Collect environmental data and cable data in the cable well; S3: Analyze the current environmental data in the cable well to calculate the expected thermal expansion coefficient of the cable, compare the current actual expansion coefficient of the cable to select whether to trigger the cable abnormality alarm; when the cable abnormality alarm is not triggered, the system analyzes the environmental data in the cable well, and when any of the environmental data in the cable well is abnormal, the cable well abnormality alarm is triggered; S4: Adjust the monitoring time interval based on whether the system triggers an alarm state.

7. The intelligent monitoring and early warning method for a cable well according to claim 6 is characterized by: In step S1, the cable of type A is analyzed, a test temperature T0 is set, and the volume V of the cable of type A is calculated at the temperature T0. A_0 =L A *(π*R A_0 2 ) / 4, where R A_0 is the outer diameter of type A cable at temperature T0, L A is the length of cable A. When the temperature is T1, the volume of cable A is V A_1 =L A *(π*R A_1 2 ) / 4=L A *π*R A_0 2 *[1+(T1-T0)*B A )] / 4, where B A is the thermal expansion coefficient of the material of type A cable, R A_1 is the outer diameter of type A cable at temperature T1. Simplifying the equation, we get R A_1 : ； Thus, the diameter thermal expansion coefficient C corresponding to the A type cable is calculated. A =(R A_1 -R A_0 ) / (T1-T0). Similarly, the diameter thermal expansion coefficient of any type of cable can be calculated.

8. The intelligent monitoring and early warning method for a cable well according to claim 7 is characterized by: In step S2, the environmental data includes the temperature data, humidity data and any monitored gas content data in the cable well, the cable data includes the cable number and the real-time outer diameter of the cable, and the system obtains the real-time temperature T in the cable well through the temperature sensor. X , obtain the real-time humidity RH in the cable well through the humidity sensor X , obtain the monitoring gas M in the air in the cable well through the gas sensor i Content P Mi_X , where the system sets the monitoring gas to be I, i=1,2,…,I, and the system obtains the monitoring cable number and real-time outer diameter R through a high-definition camera X .

9. The intelligent monitoring and early warning method for a cable well according to claim 8 is characterized by: In step S3, the current real-time temperature T in the cable well is considered. X , calculate the real-time temperature T X The estimated thermal expansion coefficient E of the cable X : ; The real-time outer diameter of the monitoring cable is known to be R X By comparing the cable number with the information stored in the database, the initial radius R of the monitoring cable at temperature T0 can be called A_0 , calculate the actual expansion coefficient F of the monitoring cable X =(R X -R0) / R0, thus calculating the expansion difference G of the monitoring cable X : ； Prioritize the comparison between the expansion difference and the expansion difference allowable error G set by the system. X ≥G, the system triggers the cable abnormality alarm; When G X When the temperature of the cable well is less than G, the system simultaneously analyzes the temperature, humidity and monitoring gas content of the cable well to determine whether to trigger an abnormal environment alarm. The abnormal environment alarm includes an over-temperature alarm, an over-humidity alarm and an over-monitoring gas content alarm. The system will X Compared with the temperature threshold T set by the system, when T X ≥T, the cable well temperature alarm is triggered; the real-time humidity RH X Compared with the humidity threshold RH set by the system, when RH X ≥RH, the cable well humidity alarm is triggered; the monitored gas M i Content P Mi_X The monitoring gas M i The content threshold P Mi In contrast, when P Mi_X ≥P Mi When , the cable well i-th monitored gas content excessive alarm is triggered.

10. The cable well intelligent monitoring and early warning method according to claim 9 is characterized in that: In step S4, the system considers whether to trigger the alarm state and adjusts the monitoring time interval. When the system triggers the cable abnormality alarm, the monitoring time interval is adjusted to the cable abnormality monitoring time interval t set by the system. h ; When the system triggers the cable environment alarm, analyze the abnormal environment monitoring time interval t1: ； Among them, t0 is the initial monitoring time interval set by the system; When the system does not trigger an alarm during this monitoring, set t2 as the cable monitoring time interval and analyze the normal monitoring time interval t2 of the environment: ； Among them, T A The minimum cable monitoring interval set for the system.

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