Distributed integrated power generation system

Abstract

The invention relates to a distributed comprehensive power generation system which comprises a fuel cell, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a first air supply source, a second air supply source and a dryer, and the tube pass of the first heat exchanger is communicated with the first air supply source and an inlet of an anode chamber of the fuel cell; the tube pass of the second heat exchanger is respectively communicated with the second gas supply source and the inlet of the cathode chamber of the fuel cell, and the shell pass inlet of the first heat exchanger and the shell pass inlet of the second heat exchanger are respectively communicated with the outlet of the fuel cell; and a shell pass outlet of the second heat exchanger is communicated with an inlet of the anode chamber through the dryer. The distributed integrated power generation system provided by the invention can realize efficient utilization of energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of energy utilization, and in particular, to a distributed integrated power generation system. Background Art

[0002] In the distributed integrated energy system under the background of dual carbon, especially in industrial parks that generate electricity for their own use, the adoption of zero-carbon methods is the future trend of power generation. Among them, fuel cell systems have gradually attracted attention and favor due to their high energy utilization rate and zero carbon emissions. However, when industrial parks that generate electricity for their own use use fuel cell systems for power generation, there are problems such as large energy consumption in the industrial park and low overall energy utilization. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a distributed integrated power generation system that can achieve efficient utilization of energy.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present disclosure provides a distributed integrated power generation system, which includes a fuel cell, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a first gas supply source, a second gas supply source and a dryer. The tube side of the first heat exchanger is respectively connected to the first gas supply source and the inlet of the anode chamber of the fuel cell, the tube side of the second heat exchanger is respectively connected to the second gas supply source and the inlet of the cathode chamber of the fuel cell, the shell side inlet of the first heat exchanger and the shell side inlet of the second heat exchanger are respectively connected to the outlet of the fuel cell, and the shell side outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the anode chamber through the dryer.

[0005] Optionally, the distributed integrated power generation system also includes a burner arranged between the fuel cell and the first heat exchanger, the burner including a first gas inlet, a second gas inlet and an exhaust gas outlet, the first gas inlet is connected to a third gas supply source, the second gas inlet is connected to the outlet of the fuel cell, and the exhaust gas outlet is connected to the shell side inlet of the first heat exchanger.

[0006] Optionally, the distributed integrated power generation system further includes a steam turbine and a generator, wherein the steam turbine is communicated with the exhaust gas outlet, and the steam turbine is transmission-connected with the generator.

[0007] Optionally, the distributed integrated power generation system also includes a solid heat storage device, which includes a heat storage body, a heat storage channel and a heat release channel. The heat storage channel and the heat release channel are independent of each other and are respectively arranged through the heat storage body. The heat storage channel is connected to the exhaust gas outlet.

[0008] Optionally, the distributed integrated power generation system also includes a third heat exchanger, a power device, a heat supply inlet for supplying heat to heat users, and a heat supply outlet from heat users, the tube side of the third heat exchanger is connected to the heat release channel, and the shell side of the third heat exchanger is connected to the heat supply inlet and the heat supply outlet, respectively, wherein the power device is arranged between the third heat exchanger and the solid heat storage device.

[0009] Optionally, the heat storage channel and the heat release channel are perpendicular to each other in space.

[0010] Optionally, the heat storage channel includes a heat storage inlet and a heat storage outlet, the heat release channel includes a heat release inlet and a heat release outlet, and the solid heat storage device has a heat storage process and a heat release process. In the heat storage process, the heat storage inlet and the heat storage outlet are opened, and the heat release inlet and the heat release outlet are closed; in the heat release process, the heat storage inlet and the heat storage outlet are closed, and the heat release inlet and the heat release outlet are opened; wherein the heat storage process and the heat release process are performed synchronously or sequentially.

[0011] Optionally, the heat storage body is made of heat storage material.

[0012] Optionally, the heat exchange medium flowing through the heat release channel is water, the power device is configured as a water pump, and the heat release channel is configured as a metal channel set through the heat storage body; or, the heat exchange medium flowing through the heat release channel is heat exchange oil, the power device is configured as an oil pump, and the heat release channel is configured as a metal channel set through the heat storage body.

[0013] Optionally, the heat exchange medium flowing through the heat release channel is heat exchange gas, the power device is configured as a fan, and the heat release channel is formed by the heat storage body.

[0014] Through the above technical scheme, in the distributed integrated power generation system provided by the present disclosure, by making the tube side of the first heat exchanger connected to the inlet of the anode chamber of the first gas supply source and the fuel cell respectively, and making the shell side inlet of the first heat exchanger connected to the outlet of the fuel cell, part of the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell can be heat exchanged with the first reaction gas from the first gas supply source in the first heat exchanger, and the first reaction gas after heat exchange is introduced into the anode chamber of the fuel cell, thereby realizing the preheating of the first reaction gas required for the anode chamber; by making the tube side of the second heat exchanger connected to the inlet of the cathode chamber of the second gas supply source and the shell side inlet of the second heat exchanger connected to the outlet of the fuel cell, another part of the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell can be heat exchanged with the second reaction gas from the second gas supply source in the second heat exchanger, and the second reaction gas after heat exchange is introduced into the cathode chamber of the fuel cell, thereby realizing the preheating of the second reaction gas required for the cathode chamber. In addition, the present disclosure realizes the recycling of another part of the exhaust gas after heat exchange by setting a dryer and making the shell side outlet of the second heat exchanger connected to the inlet of the anode chamber of the fuel cell through the dryer. It can be seen that the distributed integrated power generation system provided by the present invention can not only use the heat energy of its own exhaust gas to preheat the corresponding reaction gas required by the anode chamber or cathode chamber, but also recycle and utilize part of the exhaust gas discharged by the fuel cell. Therefore, the distributed integrated power generation system provided by the present invention can achieve efficient utilization of energy.

[0015] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the present disclosure but do not constitute a limitation of the present disclosure. In the accompanying drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a distributed integrated power generation system disclosed in the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a solid heat storage device in a distributed integrated power generation system disclosed in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is another structural schematic diagram of the solid heat storage device in the distributed integrated power generation system disclosed in the present invention.

[0020] Description of Reference Numerals

[0021] 1- fuel cell; 2- first heat exchanger; 3- second heat exchanger; 4- first gas supply source; 5- second gas supply source; 6- burner; 7- steam turbine; 8- generator; 9- solid heat storage device; 91- heat storage body; 92- heat storage channel; 93- heat release channel; 10- third heat exchanger; 11- power unit; 12- heat supply inlet; 13- heat supply outlet; 14- dryer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The specific implementation of the present disclosure is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described herein is only used to illustrate and explain the present disclosure, and is not used to limit the present disclosure.

[0023] In the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, directional words such as "inside" and "outside" refer to "inside" and "outside" relative to the corresponding component's own contour. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. used in the present disclosure are to distinguish one element from another and do not have order and importance. In addition, in the following description, when referring to the drawings, unless otherwise explained, the same figure numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The above definitions are only used to explain and illustrate the present disclosure and should not be understood as limitations on the present disclosure.

[0024] The present disclosure provides a distributed integrated power generation system, referring to Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the distributed integrated power generation system includes a fuel cell 1, a first heat exchanger 2, a second heat exchanger 3, a first gas supply source 4, a second gas supply source 5 and a dryer 14. The tube side of the first heat exchanger 2 is connected to the first gas supply source 4 and the inlet of the anode chamber of the fuel cell 1, respectively. The tube side of the second heat exchanger 3 is connected to the second gas supply source 5 and the inlet of the cathode chamber of the fuel cell 1, respectively. The shell side inlet of the first heat exchanger 2 and the shell side inlet of the second heat exchanger 3 are connected to the outlet of the fuel cell 1, respectively. The shell side outlet of the second heat exchanger 3 is connected to the inlet of the anode chamber through the dryer 14.

[0025] Through the above technical scheme, in the distributed integrated power generation system provided by the present disclosure, by making the tube side of the first heat exchanger 2 connected to the first gas supply source 4 and the inlet of the anode chamber of the fuel cell 1 respectively, and making the shell side inlet of the first heat exchanger 2 connected to the outlet of the fuel cell 1, part of the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell 1 can be heat exchanged with the first reaction gas from the first gas supply source 4 in the first heat exchanger 2, and the first reaction gas after heat exchange is introduced into the anode chamber of the fuel cell 1, thereby realizing preheating of the first reaction gas required for the anode chamber; by making the tube side of the second heat exchanger 3 connected to the second gas supply source 5 and the inlet of the cathode chamber of the fuel cell 1 respectively, and making the shell side inlet of the second heat exchanger 3 connected to the outlet of the fuel cell 1, another part of the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell 1 can be heat exchanged with the second reaction gas from the second gas supply source 5 in the second heat exchanger 3, and the second reaction gas after heat exchange is introduced into the cathode chamber of the fuel cell 1, thereby realizing preheating of the second reaction gas required for the cathode chamber. In addition, the present disclosure realizes the recycling of another part of the exhaust gas after heat exchange by providing a dryer 14 and connecting the shell outlet of the second heat exchanger 3 to the anode chamber inlet of the fuel cell 1 through the dryer 14. It can be seen that the distributed integrated power generation system provided by the present disclosure can not only use the heat energy of the exhaust gas discharged by itself to preheat the corresponding reaction gas required by the anode chamber or cathode chamber, but also recycle part of the exhaust gas discharged by the fuel cell 1. Therefore, the distributed integrated power generation system of the present disclosure can realize efficient utilization of energy. Here, the distributed integrated power generation system can be applicable to any suitable application scenario, and the present disclosure does not limit this. For example, the distributed integrated power generation system can be applicable to industrial parks.

[0026] It should be noted that the first reaction gas is an anode reaction gas, for example, hydrogen, and the second reaction gas is a cathode reaction gas, for example, oxygen, and the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell 1 can be a mixture of unreacted anode gas and reaction products, for example, a mixture of hydrogen and water vapor. In addition, the reaction temperature of the fuel cell 1 is greater than 800°C, the working efficiency is greater than 90%, and the concentration of hydrogen used to pass into the anode chamber of the fuel cell 1 is greater than 90%.

[0027] In the specific embodiments provided in the present disclosure, reference is made to Figure 1As shown, the distributed integrated power generation system further includes a burner 6 disposed between the fuel cell 1 and the first heat exchanger 2, the burner 6 including a first gas inlet, a second gas inlet and an exhaust gas outlet, the first gas inlet is connected to the third gas supply source, the second gas inlet is connected to the outlet of the fuel cell 1, and the exhaust gas outlet is connected to the shell side inlet of the first heat exchanger 2. Specifically, the first gas inlet is introduced into the outside air, the second gas inlet is introduced into part of the exhaust gas from the fuel cell 1 (i.e., a mixture of unreacted anode gas and reaction products), and the exhaust gas outlet is connected to the shell side inlet of the first heat exchanger 2, so that part of the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell 1 is burned in the burner 6, and the exhaust gas obtained by the combustion is then discharged to the first heat exchanger 2 through the exhaust gas outlet to exchange heat with the first reaction gas from the first gas supply source 4, so that the safety hazard caused by the unreacted anode gas in the exhaust gas directly entering the first heat exchanger 2 can be avoided. Among them, the thermal efficiency of the burner 6 is greater than or equal to 90%, and is suitable for a flow range of aspect ratio. Here, in order to further fully utilize the thermal energy of the exhaust gas discharged by the burner 6, the shell side outlet of the first heat exchanger 2 can be connected to the heat user, so that the remaining heat of this part of the exhaust gas can be fully utilized again after heat exchange.

[0028] In the specific embodiments provided in the present disclosure, reference is made to Figure 1 As shown, the distributed integrated power generation system also includes a steam turbine 7 and a generator 8. The steam turbine 7 is connected to the tail gas outlet of the burner 6, and the steam turbine 7 is in transmission connection with the generator 8, so that another part of the tail gas obtained by the burner 6 can also enter the steam turbine 7 to expand and do work, so that the blades of the steam turbine 7 rotate, thereby driving the generator 8 to generate electricity. Among them, the steam turbine 7 and the generator 8 are selected to be able to adapt to high-temperature and high-pressure steam in a wide flow range.

[0029] In the specific embodiments provided in the present disclosure, reference is made to Figure 1 As shown, the distributed integrated power generation system also includes a solid heat storage device 9, which includes a heat storage body 91, a heat storage channel 92 and a heat release channel 93. The heat storage channel 92 and the heat release channel 93 are independent of each other and are respectively arranged through the heat storage body 91. The heat storage channel 92 is connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the burner 6, so that another part of the exhaust gas discharged by the burner 6 can store thermal energy through the solid heat storage device 9.

[0030] In the specific embodiments provided in the present disclosure, reference is made to Figure 1As shown, the distributed integrated power generation system also includes a third heat exchanger 10, a power device 11, a heat supply inlet 12 for supplying heat to heat users, and a heat supply outlet 13 from heat users. The tube side of the third heat exchanger 10 is connected to the heat release channel 93, and the shell side of the third heat exchanger 10 is connected to the heat supply inlet 12 and the heat supply outlet 13 respectively, wherein the power device 11 is arranged between the third heat exchanger 10 and the solid heat storage device 9 so as to drive the heat exchange medium to circulate between the third heat exchanger 10 and the solid heat storage device 9. Specifically, the tube-side inlet of the third heat exchanger 10 is connected to the outlet of the heat release channel 93, the tube-side outlet of the third heat exchanger 10 is connected to the inlet of the heat release channel 93, and the shell-side inlet of the third heat exchanger 10 is connected to the heat supply outlet 13, and the shell-side outlet of the third heat exchanger 10 is connected to the heat supply inlet 12. In this way, the heat exchange medium flowing through the solid heat storage device 9 can be heated by the heat energy stored in the solid heat storage device 9 and then exchanged with the heat supply medium from the heat user in the third heat exchanger 10. The heat supply medium after heat exchange is passed to the heat user. In this way, on the one hand, the heat energy stored in the solid heat storage device 9 can be used to provide heat to the heat user. On the other hand, the setting of the solid heat storage device 9 also enables the distributed integrated power generation system to flexibly provide heat according to the heat demand of the heat user.

[0031] In the specific embodiments provided in the present disclosure, reference is made to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in order to facilitate the arrangement of the heat storage channel 92 and the heat release channel 93 in the solid heat storage device 9, the heat storage channel 92 and the heat release channel 93 can be arranged to be perpendicular to each other in space.

[0032] Among them, the heat storage channel 92 includes a heat storage inlet and a heat storage outlet respectively formed at opposite ends of the heat storage channel 92, and the heat release channel 93 includes a heat release inlet and a heat release outlet respectively formed at opposite ends of the heat release channel 93. The solid heat storage device 9 has a heat storage process and a heat release process. In the heat storage process, the heat storage inlet and the heat storage outlet are opened, and the heat release inlet and the heat release outlet are closed; in the heat release process, the heat storage inlet and the heat storage outlet are closed, and the heat release inlet and the heat release outlet are opened; wherein the heat storage process and the heat release process are carried out synchronously or sequentially. Through such a setting, it is possible to flexibly select whether the solid heat storage device 9 is currently in a heat storage process and a heat release process simultaneously, or in a heat storage process and a heat release process sequentially according to actual heat demand, so as to meet different usage requirements.

[0033] In the specific embodiment provided in the present disclosure, the heat storage body 91 can be made of heat storage material, and the heat storage channel 92 and the heat release channel 93 can be pre-embedded in the heat storage body 91 made of the heat storage material, wherein the thermal conductivity of the heat storage material is greater than or equal to 50W / mK, the temperature resistance is greater than or equal to 1200°C, and the strength is greater than 10Mpa.

[0034] In the specific embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the heat storage channel 92 can be formed by stacking the heat storage body 91 made of heat storage material, and the heat storage temperature of the heat storage channel 92 is greater than or equal to 1200°C, and the heat release channel 93 can be divided into two types according to the different heat exchange media flowing through it. One is that when the heat exchange medium flowing inside the heat release channel 93 is a liquid, such as water or oil, the heat release channel 93 is constructed as a metal pipe; the other is that when the heat exchange medium flowing inside the heat release channel 93 is a gas, such as air or an inert gas, the heat release channel 93 is stacked by the heat storage body 91 made of heat storage material. The power device 11 needs to be selected according to the specific heat exchange medium in the heat release channel 93. Optionally, when the heat exchange medium flowing through the heat release channel 93 is water, heat exchange oil or heat exchange gas, the power device 11 and the heat release channel 93 can have at least the following possible implementations:

[0035] In a first exemplary embodiment, the heat exchange medium flowing through the heat release channel 93 is water, the power device 11 is configured as a water pump, and the heat release channel 93 is configured as a metal channel provided through the heat storage body 91 .

[0036] In a second exemplary embodiment, the heat exchange medium flowing through the heat release channel 93 is heat exchange oil, the power device 11 is configured as an oil pump, and the heat release channel 93 is configured as a metal channel provided through the heat storage body 91 .

[0037] In a third exemplary embodiment, the heat exchange medium flowing through the heat release channel 93 is heat exchange gas, the power device 11 is constructed as a fan, and the heat release channel 93 is formed by the heat storage body 91, wherein the fan can be a centrifugal fan and has a temperature resistance greater than 200°C.

[0038] In the above three exemplary embodiments, three common heat exchange media, namely air, water and oil, are selected respectively, and the circulation of the heat exchange medium between the third heat exchanger 10 and the solid heat storage device 9 is realized by combining the power device 11 corresponding to each heat exchange medium.

[0039] It should be noted that the first heat exchanger 2, the second heat exchanger 3 and the third heat exchanger 10 in the distributed integrated power generation system of the present invention can be made of high-temperature resistant materials, such as 310S, and these heat exchangers all use fins on the side with a small heat transfer coefficient.

[0040] The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present disclosure, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0041] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0042] In addition, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present disclosure, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A distributed integrated power generation system, characterized in that: The distributed integrated power generation system includes a fuel cell, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a first gas supply source, a second gas supply source and a dryer. The tube side of the first heat exchanger is respectively connected to the first gas supply source and the inlet of the anode chamber of the fuel cell, the tube side of the second heat exchanger is respectively connected to the second gas supply source and the inlet of the cathode chamber of the fuel cell, the shell side inlet of the first heat exchanger and the shell side inlet of the second heat exchanger are respectively connected to the outlet of the fuel cell, and the shell side outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the anode chamber through the dryer.

2. The distributed integrated power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distributed integrated power generation system also includes a burner arranged between the fuel cell and the first heat exchanger, the burner includes a first gas inlet, a second gas inlet and an exhaust gas outlet, the first gas inlet is connected to a third gas supply source, the second gas inlet is connected to the outlet of the fuel cell, and the exhaust gas outlet is connected to the shell side inlet of the first heat exchanger.

3. The distributed integrated power generation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distributed integrated power generation system also includes a steam turbine and a generator. The steam turbine is communicated with the exhaust gas outlet, and the steam turbine is transmission-connected with the generator.

4. The distributed integrated power generation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distributed integrated power generation system also includes a solid heat storage device, which includes a heat storage body, a heat storage channel and a heat release channel. The heat storage channel and the heat release channel are independent of each other and are respectively arranged through the heat storage body. The heat storage channel is connected to the exhaust gas outlet.

5. The distributed integrated power generation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distributed integrated power generation system also includes a third heat exchanger, a power unit, a heat supply inlet for supplying heat to heat users, and a heat supply outlet from heat users. The tube side of the third heat exchanger is connected to the heat release channel, and the shell side of the third heat exchanger is connected to the heat supply inlet and the heat supply outlet, respectively, wherein the power unit is arranged between the third heat exchanger and the solid heat storage device.

6. The distributed integrated power generation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat storage channel and the heat release channel are perpendicular to each other in space.

7. The distributed integrated power generation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat storage channel includes a heat storage inlet and a heat storage outlet, the heat release channel includes a heat release inlet and a heat release outlet, and the solid heat storage device has a heat storage process and a heat release process. In the heat storage process, the heat storage inlet and the heat storage outlet are opened, and the heat release inlet and the heat release outlet are closed; During the heat release process, the heat storage inlet and the heat storage outlet are closed, and the heat release inlet and the heat release outlet are opened; Wherein, the heat storage process and the heat release process are performed synchronously or sequentially.

8. The distributed integrated power generation system according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that: The heat storage body is made of heat storage material.

9. The distributed integrated power generation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat exchange medium flowing through the heat release channel is water, the power device is configured as a water pump, and the heat release channel is configured as a metal channel provided through the heat storage body; or, The heat exchange medium flowing through the heat release channel is heat exchange oil, the power device is configured as an oil pump, and the heat release channel is configured as a metal channel that penetrates the heat storage body.

10. The distributed integrated power generation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat exchange medium flowing through the heat release channel is heat exchange gas, the power device is configured as a fan, and the heat release channel is formed by the heat storage body.

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