Separation and concentration device for copper and graphite in negative pole piece of lithium ion battery

Abstract

The invention discloses a separation and concentration device for copper and graphite in a lithium ion battery negative pole piece, and belongs to the field of lithium ion battery recovery. A machine shell is arranged on the bottom frame, a rotating roller is movably arranged in the machine shell, the rotating roller is movably connected with the bottom frame through a rotating supporting structure, a water tank is embedded in the upper end of the bottom frame, the water tank is arranged in a slope mode, a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the bottom frame, a plurality of sets of ultrasonic vibration boxes are arranged in the machine shell, and the ultrasonic vibration boxes are detachably arranged on the two sides of the water tank. The two sides of the inner side wall of the water tank are each provided with a containing groove in a concave mode, and the ultrasonic vibration boxes are embedded in the containing grooves correspondingly. A spraying head is arranged in the end, close to the discharging opening, of the rotary roller, the spraying head is connected with a spraying pipe, and the spraying pipe penetrates through the discharging opening. The device effectively increases the generation power of ultrasonic waves, effectively improves the cleaning and purification separation effect of graphite and copper foil, and is high in efficiency, simple and convenient to operate, stable in operation and high in practicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of lithium ion battery recycling, in particular to a device for separating and selecting copper and graphite in a negative electrode sheet of a lithium ion battery. Background Art

[0002] With the widespread use of electronic products, the number of waste lithium-ion batteries has increased dramatically. These waste batteries contain a large amount of valuable metals, such as copper, cobalt, lithium, etc. Among them, the negative electrode sheet is usually composed of materials such as copper foil and graphite. Copper foil, as a current collector, has a high recycling value. However, miscellaneous materials such as binders and conductive agents will adhere to the current collector, affecting the metal recovery efficiency. Therefore, it is of great economic and environmental significance to develop an efficient and environmentally friendly recycling method to recover copper from the negative electrode sheets of waste lithium-ion batteries.

[0003] At present, the commonly used methods for recycling Cu from waste lithium batteries from negative plates mainly include the following methods: wet treatment, soaking the negative plate in deionized water, and separating the copper foil from the graphite by washing away the binder; physical separation, through screening and classification operations, the treated materials are physically separated to obtain copper foil and graphite; heat treatment, under certain high temperature conditions, the binder is removed by heat treatment to separate the copper foil current collector from the negative electrode active material graphite powder; electrolysis treatment, electrolysis in the electrolyte, and the copper foil is separated from the graphite by the action of electric current. Experiments show that temperature, pH, air injection amount, catalyst dosage, etc. will affect the dissolution rate of copper. When the reaction temperature is 60°C, pH is 7, and the air flow rate is 360m 3 / h, the dissolution rate of the copper sheet is 0.0288g / (cm 2. h), the dissolution rate is slow. The physical separation method requires appropriate equipment and technology, such as vibrating screens, centrifuges, etc. The cost of these equipment is not low, and it may take a long time to achieve the ideal separation effect, which increases the production cost and cycle. Although high-temperature calcination can achieve the separation of copper and graphite in some cases, it has the disadvantages of high energy consumption, environmental impact, graphite loss, difficulty in process control, high equipment cost and waste of resources. The electrolysis process requires appropriate equipment and energy supply, such as electrolytic cells, current sources, etc. These devices usually require a lot of energy, so the energy consumption may be high, and the investment and maintenance costs of the equipment itself are also high. Therefore, a copper and graphite separation and selection device is needed to solve some of the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] With regard to the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for separating and selecting copper and graphite in the negative electrode sheet of a lithium-ion battery, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for separating and selecting copper and graphite in a negative electrode sheet of a lithium-ion battery comprises a base frame, a casing and a rotating drum; the base frame is provided with a casing, a rotating drum is movably provided in the casing, a loading port is provided on one side of the rotating drum, a discharging port is provided on the other side of the rotating drum, and both the loading port and the discharging port are provided through the side wall of the casing;

[0007] The bottom frame is provided with multiple groups of rotating support structures, the rotating drum is movably connected with the bottom frame through the rotating support structures, a drum motor is provided inside the casing, and the drum motor is connected with the rotating drum through a transmission mechanism;

[0008] A water tank is embedded in the upper end of the bottom frame, and the water tank is set on a slope.

[0009] The bottom frame is provided with a water inlet and a drain outlet.

[0010] A plurality of ultrasonic vibration boxes are arranged in the casing, and the ultrasonic vibration boxes are detachably arranged on both sides of the water tank; capacity grooves are respectively recessed on both sides of the inner wall of the water tank, and the ultrasonic vibration boxes are respectively embedded in the capacity grooves;

[0011] A plurality of ultrasonic transducers are arranged in the ultrasonic vibration box, and the plurality of ultrasonic transducers are arranged in a matrix manner in the ultrasonic vibration box;

[0012] A spray head is arranged inside one end of the rotating drum close to the material discharging port. The spray head is connected with a spray pipe, and the spray pipe is arranged through the material discharging port.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: a plurality of groups of heating tubes are arranged in the casing.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the highest end of the water trough is arranged near one end of the discharge port of the rotating drum, the lowest end of the water trough is arranged near one end of the loading port of the rotating drum, the water inlet is connected to the lowest end of the water trough, and the drain outlet is connected to the highest end of the water trough.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: the number of ultrasonic transducers in the ultrasonic vibration box is set to 24.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: the body of the rotating drum is arranged in an arc-shaped structure, and the side wall of the body of the rotating drum is arranged in a hollow structure.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention: movable casters are provided at the four bottom corners of the bottom end of the base frame.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention: the casing and the water tank are both made of stainless steel.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention: the frequency bandwidth of the ultrasonic transducer ranges from 10kHz to 50kHz.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention: the side wall of the ultrasonic vibrator box is convexly provided with a plurality of mounting plates, the mounting plates are respectively concavely provided with a plurality of screw holes, the bottom wall and the side wall of the water tank are respectively concavely provided with a plurality of threaded holes, and the ultrasonic vibrator box is threadedly installed in the threaded holes on the water tank by fastening screws passing through the screw holes of the mounting plates.

[0021] As a further solution of the present invention: the spray pipe is connected to a water tank, and deionized water can be sprayed by being connected to the water tank.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The present invention is embedded in the lower end of the casing through the bottom plate of the water tank, and the ultrasonic vibration boxes are detachably arranged on both sides of the water tank. There are multiple ultrasonic vibration boxes on both sides of the water tank, and ultrasonic transducers are respectively arranged in the ultrasonic vibration boxes. There are multiple ultrasonic transducers in the ultrasonic vibration boxes, and the ultrasonic transducers are arranged in the ultrasonic vibration boxes in a matrix. The spray device is connected to the water tank and can evenly spray deionized water. The barrel of the rotating drum is arc-shaped, and the barrel is hollowed out to facilitate the flow of reacted materials into the water tank. The ultrasonic vibration boxes are arranged on both sides of the water tank, and the ultrasonic vibration boxes are electrically connected to the ultrasonic transmitter, and the dispersion effect of ultrasonic waves in the liquid is used to make the sulfuric acid liquid produce cavitation, stimulate the graphite particles to shake violently, and make the graphite particles subject to frequent and intense impacts, so that the graphite is broken, falls off, and is dissolved in the solution and separated from the copper foil. The spray device is aimed at the reactants to spray deionized water evenly to accelerate the separation of graphite and copper. The detached graphite is dissolved in the solution and discharged with deionized water. After being discharged into the water tank, it is recovered through the drain outlet. After drying and sorting, the separated graphite can be obtained. The copper foil separated from the graphite is heated and dried in the rotating drum, and then the copper foil is taken out of the discharge port of the rotating drum and sorted to obtain the separated and recovered copper. There are multiple ultrasonic vibration boxes on both sides of the water tank, which effectively increase the power of ultrasonic waves and effectively improve the cleaning and purification separation effect of graphite and copper foil. It is highly efficient, simple and convenient to operate, stable in operation, and highly practical. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a device for separating and selecting copper and graphite in a negative electrode sheet of a lithium-ion battery disclosed in an embodiment.

[0025] Figure 2 The present invention is a top view of a device for separating and selecting copper and graphite in a negative electrode sheet of a lithium-ion battery disclosed in an embodiment.

[0026] Figure 3The present invention is a side view of a device for separating and selecting copper and graphite in a negative electrode sheet of a lithium-ion battery disclosed in an embodiment.

[0027] The reference numerals in the figure are: 1. base frame; 2. loading port; 3. rotating support structure; 4. rotating drum; 5. water tank; 6. spray head; 7. spray pipe; 8. drain port; 9. discharge port; 10. water inlet; 11. drum motor; 12. ultrasonic vibration box; 13. heating tube; 14. casing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense; for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] See also Figure 1-3 A device for separating and selecting copper and graphite in negative electrode sheets of lithium-ion batteries comprises a base frame 1, a casing 14 and a rotating drum 4; the base frame 1 is provided with a casing 14, and a rotating drum 4 is movably provided in the casing 14, a loading port 2 is provided on one side of the rotating drum 4, and a discharging port 9 is provided on the other side of the rotating drum 4, and both the loading port 2 and the discharging port 9 are arranged through the side wall of the casing 14, and the loading port 2 and the discharging port 9 are convenient for the entry and discharge of waste lithium batteries during work, which is beneficial to the separation and selection of copper and graphite of waste lithium batteries by the device, and is convenient for the use of the device to ensure safety.

[0031] A plurality of rotating support structures 3 are provided on the base frame 1, and the rotating drum 4 is movably connected to the base frame 1 through the rotating support structure 3. A drum motor 11 is provided inside the casing 14, and the drum motor 11 is connected to the rotating drum 4 through a transmission mechanism. When working, the rotating drum 4 is driven to rotate by the drum motor 11, which is convenient for separating and selecting copper and graphite of discarded lithium batteries, and is convenient for the use of the device to ensure safety.

[0032] A water trough 5 is embedded in the upper end of the base frame 1. The water trough 5 is set on a slope. The highest end of the water trough 5 is set close to one end of the discharge port 9 of the rotating drum 4, and the lowest end of the water trough 5 is set close to one end of the loading port 2 of the rotating drum 4; it is convenient to empty the waste liquid and precipitate.

[0033] A water inlet 10 and a drain port 8 are provided on the base frame 1. The water inlet 10 is connected to the lowest end of the water tank 5, and the drain port 8 is connected to the highest end of the water tank 5. When working, water is injected into the water tank 5 through the water inlet 10, so that the lower part of the rotating drum 4 is immersed in water, even if the copper and graphite mixture of the discarded lithium batteries in the rotating drum 4 is immersed in water, it is convenient for subsequent separation and selection, and is also conducive to emptying the waste liquid and precipitation.

[0034] A plurality of ultrasonic vibration boxes 12 are arranged in the casing 14, and the ultrasonic vibration boxes 12 are detachably arranged on both sides of the water tank 5; capacity grooves are respectively recessed on both sides of the inner wall of the water tank 5, and the ultrasonic vibration boxes 12 are respectively embedded in the capacity grooves; so as to enhance the ultrasonic effect, improve the separation and selection of copper and graphite of discarded lithium batteries, facilitate the use of the device and ensure safety.

[0035] A plurality of ultrasonic transducers are arranged in the ultrasonic vibration box 12 in a matrix arrangement, which is convenient for use during work.

[0036] A plurality of groups of heating tubes 13 are arranged in the housing 14. The heating tubes 13 ensure the temperature inside the device during operation, which is beneficial to the separation and selection of copper and graphite in discarded lithium batteries, and improves the working effect and efficiency.

[0037] A spray head 6 is provided inside one end of the rotating drum 4 close to the discharge port 9. The spray head 6 is connected to a spray pipe 7. The spray pipe 7 is arranged through the discharge port 9 to improve the separation rate of copper and graphite.

[0038] Preferably, the number of ultrasonic transducers in the ultrasonic vibration box 12 is set to 24.

[0039] Preferably, the body of the rotating drum 4 is an arc-shaped structure, and the body of the rotating drum 4 is hollowed out to facilitate a more complete reaction. The rotating drum is engaged by gears and chain driven, and the drum motor 11 is externally connected to the rotating drum through a fastening screw to make it rotate at a constant speed, so that the reaction is more complete and the reaction rate is accelerated.

[0040] Preferably, movable casters are provided at the bottom end of the base frame 1, and four groups of movable casters are provided. The four movable casters are respectively arranged at the four bottom corners of the device.

[0041] Preferably, the housing 14 and the water tank 5 are both made of stainless steel to prevent corrosion after long-term reaction.

[0042] Preferably, the frequency bandwidth of the ultrasonic transducer ranges from 10 kHz to 50 kHz.

[0043] Preferably, the side wall of the ultrasonic vibration box 12 is provided with a plurality of mounting plates, and a plurality of screw holes are respectively recessed on the mounting plates. The bottom wall and the side wall of the water tank 5 are respectively recessed with a plurality of threaded holes. The ultrasonic vibration box 12 is threadedly installed in the threaded holes on the water tank 5 by fastening screws through the screw holes of the mounting plates.

[0044] Preferably, the spray pipe 7 is connected to the water tank 5, and deionized water can be sprayed by being connected to the water tank.

[0045] In this embodiment, the number of ultrasonic transducers in the ultrasonic vibration box is set to 24. The function of the ultrasonic transducer is to convert the input electrical power into mechanical power (i.e., ultrasonic waves) and then transmit it out, while consuming a small part of the power itself. The ultrasonic transducer emits a wavelength of the inherent frequency, generates cavitation in the medium, generates fine air explosions, and utilizes the dispersion effect of ultrasonic waves in the liquid to cause the liquid to produce cavitation, stimulate the graphite particles to shake violently, so that the graphite particles are subjected to frequent and intense impacts, so that the graphite on the surface of the material after the reaction with sulfuric acid is broken, falls off, and is dissolved in the solution and separated from the copper foil. The spray device at the discharge port end accelerates the shedding and separation of graphite by uniformly spraying the material. The fallen graphite is dissolved in the solution and discharged with deionized water. After being discharged to the sink, it is recovered through the drain port at the sink. After drying and sorting, separated graphite can be obtained. The copper foil separated from the graphite is obtained by heating and drying in the rotating drum, and then the copper foil is obtained at the discharge port of the rotating drum and sorted to obtain separated and recovered copper. Thus, the purpose of separating graphite and copper is achieved.

[0046] The technical solution of the present invention is that the bottom plate of the water tank is embedded in the lower end of the casing, and the ultrasonic vibration boxes are detachably arranged on both sides of the water tank. There are multiple ultrasonic vibration boxes on both sides of the water tank, and the ultrasonic transducers are respectively arranged in the ultrasonic vibration boxes. The ultrasonic transducers in the ultrasonic vibration boxes are arranged in a matrix. The spray device is connected to the water tank and can evenly spray deionized water. The barrel of the rotating drum is arc-shaped, and the barrel is hollowed out to facilitate the reaction of the material into the water tank. The ultrasonic vibration boxes are arranged on both sides of the water tank, and the ultrasonic vibration boxes are electrically connected to the ultrasonic transmitter, and the dispersion effect of ultrasonic waves in the liquid is used to make the sulfuric acid liquid produce cavitation, stimulate the graphite particles to shake violently, and make the graphite particles subject to frequent and intense impacts, so that the graphite is broken, falls off, and is dissolved in the solution and separated from the copper foil. The spray device is aimed at the reactants to spray deionized water evenly to accelerate the separation of graphite and copper. The detached graphite is dissolved in the solution and discharged with deionized water. After being discharged into the water tank, it is recovered through the drain outlet. After drying and sorting, the separated graphite can be obtained. The copper foil separated from the graphite is heated and dried in the rotating drum, and then the copper foil is taken out of the discharge port of the rotating drum and sorted to obtain the separated and recovered copper. There are multiple ultrasonic vibration boxes on both sides of the water tank, which effectively increase the power of ultrasonic waves and effectively improve the cleaning and purification separation effect of graphite and copper foil. It is highly efficient, simple and convenient to operate, stable in operation, and highly practical.

[0047] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-restrictive from any point of view. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present invention, and any reference numerals in the claims should not be considered as limiting the claims involved.

[0048] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A device for separating and concentrating copper and graphite in a negative electrode sheet of a lithium-ion battery, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base frame (1), a casing (14) and a rotating drum (4); the base frame (1) is provided with a casing (14), a rotating drum (4) is movably provided in the casing (14), a loading port (2) is provided on one side of the rotating drum (4), and a discharging port (9) is provided on the other side of the rotating drum (4); both the loading port (2) and the discharging port (9) are provided through the side wall of the casing (14); A plurality of groups of rotating support structures (3) are provided on the bottom frame (1), a rotating drum (4) is movably connected to the bottom frame (1) via the rotating support structures (3), a drum motor (11) is provided inside the housing (14), and the drum motor (11) is connected to the rotating drum (4) via a transmission mechanism; A water tank (5) is embedded in the upper end of the bottom frame (1), and the water tank (5) is arranged in a slope. The bottom frame (1) is provided with a water inlet (10) and a water outlet (8). A plurality of sets of ultrasonic vibration boxes (12) are arranged in the housing (14), and the ultrasonic vibration boxes (12) are detachably arranged on both sides of the water tank (5); capacity grooves are respectively recessed on both sides of the inner side wall of the water tank (5), and the ultrasonic vibration boxes (12) are respectively embedded in the capacity grooves; A plurality of ultrasonic transducers are arranged in the ultrasonic vibration box (12), and the plurality of ultrasonic transducers are arranged in a matrix manner in the ultrasonic vibration box (12); A spray head (6) is provided inside one end of the rotating drum (4) close to the discharge port (9), and the spray head (6) is connected to a spray pipe (7), and the spray pipe (7) is provided through the discharge port (9).

2. The device for separating and selecting copper and graphite in a negative electrode sheet of a lithium-ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of groups of heating tubes (13) are arranged in the casing (14).

3. The device for separating and selecting copper and graphite in a negative electrode sheet of a lithium-ion battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The highest end of the water trough (5) is arranged close to one end of the discharge port (9) of the rotating drum (4), and the lowest end of the water trough (5) is arranged close to one end of the loading port (2) of the rotating drum (4). The water inlet (10) is connected to the lowest end of the water trough (5), and the drain outlet (8) is connected to the highest end of the water trough (5).

4. The device for separating and selecting copper and graphite in a negative electrode sheet of a lithium-ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of ultrasonic transducers in the ultrasonic vibration box (12) is set to 24.

5. The device for separating and selecting copper and graphite in a negative electrode sheet of a lithium-ion battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The body of the rotating drum (4) is arranged in an arc-shaped structure, and the side wall of the body of the rotating drum (4) is arranged in a hollow shape.

6. The device for separating and selecting copper and graphite in a negative electrode sheet of a lithium-ion battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The four bottom corners of the bottom end of the base frame (1) are all provided with movable casters.

7. The device for separating and selecting copper and graphite in a negative electrode sheet of a lithium-ion battery according to claim 6, characterized in that: The housing (14) and the water tank (5) are both made of stainless steel.

8. The device for separating and selecting copper and graphite in a negative electrode sheet of a lithium-ion battery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The frequency bandwidth of the ultrasonic transducer ranges from 10kHz to 50kHz.

9. The device for separating and concentrating copper and graphite in a negative electrode sheet of a lithium-ion battery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The side wall of the ultrasonic vibration box (12) is provided with a plurality of mounting plates, each of which is provided with a plurality of screw holes. The bottom wall and the side wall of the water tank (5) are provided with a plurality of threaded holes. The ultrasonic vibration box (12) is threadedly mounted in the threaded holes on the water tank (5) by fastening screws passing through the screw holes of the mounting plates.

10. The device for separating and concentrating copper and graphite in a negative electrode sheet of a lithium-ion battery according to claim 9, characterized in that: The spray pipe (7) is connected to the water tank (5) and can spray deionized water through the connection with the water tank.

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