Multi-mode wave excitation friction nanometer power generation device

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-mode wave excitation friction nanometer power generation device. The multi-mode wave excitation friction nanometer power generation device comprises a first shell, a liquid-solid friction power generation unit and two contact-separation friction power generation units. When the power generation device shakes back and forth due to wave energy, the liquid-solid friction power generation unit slides left and right in the first shell in the horizontal direction and generates alternating current based on liquid-solid friction nanometer power generation. Meanwhile, the two contact-separation friction power generation units are alternately compressed and alternately stretched, contact-separation type friction nanometer power generation is carried out in the cyclic stretching and retracting process, and alternating current is generated; in addition, solid-solid friction power generation can be introduced to further improve the power generation power; by combining three modes of contact separation type friction, liquid-solid friction and solid-solid sliding friction, multi-dimensional energy capture and conversion can be realized, and meanwhile, the power generation power and efficiency are improved; in addition, the generator is simple in structural design, low-cost manufacturing is achieved, and the generator is suitable for capturing and utilizing large-scale ocean wave energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wave energy power generation, and more specifically, to a multi-mode wave-excited friction nano power generation device. Background Art

[0002] As the global demand for renewable energy continues to grow, traditional fossil fuel energy faces depletion and environmental pollution problems, which in turn promotes people's exploration and development of clean energy. Among many renewable energy sources, wave energy has great potential, especially in oceans and coastal areas, where wave energy can be used as a stable and sustainable source of energy. However, the wave energy harvesting technology currently on the market has certain limitations, especially the complexity of equipment, high cost, and low efficiency, which hinders its large-scale commercial application. Therefore, how to effectively obtain energy from environmental dynamic energy such as wave energy has become an important issue in the current technology field.

[0003] As an emerging energy harvesting technology, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has attracted widespread attention in recent years. Triboelectric nanogenerator can convert mechanical energy into electrical energy through triboelectric effect and electrostatic induction effect, and is particularly suitable for energy harvesting of low frequency and small amplitude motion. TENG has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, and strong material diversity, and is particularly suitable for capturing and converting environmental energy such as waves, vibrations, and wind energy.

[0004] At present, there are four main working modes of friction nanogenerators: contact-separation mode, sliding mode, single-electrode mode and free vibration mode. These modes show good energy conversion efficiency in different application scenarios, but the power generation efficiency of a single mode is relatively limited and cannot fully utilize the various energy forms in complex dynamic environments. Especially in the field of wave energy capture, a single contact-separation or sliding friction mode is difficult to cope with the multi-dimensional motion and complex energy characteristics of waves. Wave motion not only has periodic vertical lifting motion, but also horizontal reciprocating sliding motion, which makes it impossible for a single friction mode to fully utilize the mechanical energy provided by the waves. Multi-mode composite friction nano-power generation technology is expected to become an effective way to improve power generation efficiency. For example, by combining multiple friction modes, such as contact-separation friction, sliding friction, liquid-solid friction, etc., energy can be captured in different dimensions, significantly improving the overall energy conversion efficiency of the generator.

[0005] In recent years, researchers have proposed triboelectric structures based on different material combinations to improve the strength of the triboelectric effect. For example, commonly used friction materials include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), nylon, silicone rubber, copper, aluminum, etc. By selecting materials with large differences in electronegativity, the charge separation effect can be enhanced, thereby improving the power generation efficiency. In addition, liquid-solid friction technology has also gradually received attention. The fluidity of the liquid enables it to form a continuous friction contact with the solid material, thereby achieving more efficient power collection. However, most of the current wave energy capture devices based on friction nano-power generation technology rely on a single friction mode, with low power generation efficiency and difficulty in coping with complex wave energy environments. At the same time, the existing wave energy power generation equipment is relatively complex in structural design and has a high manufacturing cost, which limits its promotion in practical applications. Therefore, how to make full use of the multi-dimensional energy characteristics of waves through multi-mode composite friction nano-power generation technology while keeping the structure simple and low cost has become the focus of current technology research and development. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art that it is difficult to efficiently capture wave energy in different dimensions and the generator structure is complex and the cost is high, the present invention provides a multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device. By combining the three modes of contact-separation friction, liquid-solid friction and solid-solid sliding friction, multi-dimensional energy capture and conversion are achieved under the vertical rise and fall and horizontal reciprocating motion of waves, while the power generation efficiency is improved. In addition, the generator structure is simple in design, low-cost manufacturing is achieved, and it is suitable for large-scale capture and utilization of ocean wave energy.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device comprises: a first housing, a liquid-solid friction power generation unit, a first contact-separation friction power generation unit and a second contact-separation friction power generation unit;

[0009] The liquid-solid friction power generation unit is arranged on the bottom plate of the first shell and can slide in the first shell in a horizontal direction;

[0010] The first contact-separation friction power generation unit and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit are both retractable structures, and are respectively fixedly arranged at the left and right ends of the liquid-solid friction power generation unit; the first contact-separation friction power generation unit and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit are also respectively fixedly connected to the left and right inner walls of the first shell;

[0011] When the multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device swings back and forth due to wave energy, the liquid-solid friction power generation unit slides left and right in the first shell in the horizontal direction and generates alternating current based on liquid-solid friction nano-power generation; at the same time, the first contact-separation friction power generation unit and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit are alternately compressed and stretched, and contact-separation friction nano-power generation is performed respectively during the cyclic expansion and contraction process to generate alternating current; the alternating current generated by the liquid-solid friction power generation unit and the two contact-separation friction power generation units are jointly derived to realize multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation.

[0012] Preferably, the liquid-solid friction power generation unit comprises a second shell, the inner wall of the bottom plate of the first shell is provided with a first conductive layer, and the first conductive layer is covered with a first friction layer;

[0013] The outer wall of the bottom plate of the second shell is provided with a second conductive layer, and the second conductive layer is covered with a second friction layer;

[0014] The materials of the first friction layer and the second friction layer have opposite polarities;

[0015] The liquid-solid friction power generation unit slides left and right in the first shell in the horizontal direction, driving the second friction layer and the first friction layer to slide and rub relative to each other, generating charge transfer, and inducing induced charges on the second conductive layer and the first conductive layer respectively. The induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current; the alternating current generated by the liquid-solid friction power generation unit, the two contact-separation friction power generation units, and the first friction layer and the second friction layer are jointly derived to realize multi-mode wave-excited friction nanopower generation.

[0016] Preferably, the liquid-solid friction power generation unit is provided with a plurality of parallel liquid-solid friction nano-power generation cores;

[0017] Each of the liquid-solid friction nano-generator cores has the same structure, and includes an outer tube, friction liquid and an external sensing electrode;

[0018] The outer tube is a hollow sealed structure, the friction liquid is arranged inside the outer tube, and the external sensing electrode is arranged on the outer wall of the outer tube; the material of the outer tube and the friction liquid have opposite polarities;

[0019] The liquid-solid friction power generation unit slides left and right in the first shell in the horizontal direction. The friction liquid in each liquid-solid friction nano power generation core rubs against the inner wall of the outer tube to generate charge transfer, and induces induced charges on the external induction electrode. The induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current.

[0020] Preferably, the first contact-separation friction power generation unit and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit each comprise: a plurality of substrates disposed at intervals, two adjacent substrates being connected by an elastic connection member;

[0021] A third conductive layer and a fourth conductive layer are respectively arranged on both sides of the substrate; the third conductive layer and the fourth conductive layer are respectively covered with a third friction layer and a fourth friction layer with opposite material polarities; the third friction layers and the fourth friction layers of two adjacent substrates are arranged oppositely;

[0022] During the cyclic expansion and contraction process, the third friction layer and the fourth friction layer of the adjacent substrates cyclically contact and separate, and induced charges are induced on the corresponding third conductive layer and fourth conductive layer. The induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current.

[0023] Preferably, the first contact-separation friction power generation unit and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit also include: a plurality of hinges; the same end of two adjacent substrates is hinged by an opening and closing page to achieve folding and telescopic.

[0024] Preferably, a guide device is also provided on the outer side of the first shell for guiding the multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device to reciprocate left and right.

[0025] Preferably, the guide device is specifically a guide plate.

[0026] Preferably, the outer tube is an insulating material, and the insulating material includes any one of PTFE, PE, PP, PET, PDMS and PVC;

[0027] The friction liquid is specifically any one of deionized water, magnetic fluid and aqueous solution.

[0028] Preferably, the first to fourth conductive layers and the external sensing electrode are all made of conductive materials, and the conductive material includes any one of copper foil, aluminum foil and conductive coating;

[0029] The first friction layer and the third friction layer are made of the same material, both are nylon films; the second friction layer and the fourth friction layer are made of the same material, both are polytetrafluoroethylene films.

[0030] Preferably, the first shell, the second shell and the substrate are made of the same material, which are acrylic plates.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] The present invention provides a multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device, comprising a first shell, a liquid-solid friction power generation unit, a first contact-separation friction power generation unit and a second contact-separation friction power generation unit; when the power generation device is reciprocated by wave energy, the liquid-solid friction power generation unit slides left and right in the first shell in a horizontal direction and generates alternating current based on liquid-solid friction nano-power generation; at the same time, the first contact-separation friction power generation unit and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit are alternately compressed and stretched, and contact-separation friction nano-power generation is performed respectively during the cyclic expansion and contraction process to generate alternating current; the alternating current generated by the liquid-solid friction power generation unit and the two contact-separation friction power generation units are jointly derived to realize multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation;

[0033] The device of the present invention combines the two power generation modes of contact-separation friction and liquid-solid friction, and can perform multi-dimensional energy capture and conversion under the vertical rise and fall and horizontal reciprocating motion of waves; the present invention adopts a combination of materials with large electronegativity differences in the selection of power generation materials, and generates periodic charge separation and accumulation through the natural movement of waves, thereby efficiently outputting electrical energy; at the same time, the liquid-solid friction part utilizes the contact friction between the flowing liquid and the solid, further enhancing the stability and continuity of power generation, and meeting the diverse needs of ocean energy utilization;

[0034] In addition, the present invention can also introduce solid-solid friction power generation between the bottom of the liquid-solid friction power generation unit and the first shell, thereby further improving the power generation efficiency and power; the device of the present invention achieves low-cost manufacturing through simple structural design, while improving the power generation efficiency; the present invention can be used in the fields of ocean energy collection, mechanical vibration energy conversion, and self-powered equipment, and is particularly suitable for energy collection in low-frequency vibration energy environments, such as wave energy generation in oceans, lakes and other waters, and has broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device provided in Example 1.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device provided in Example 2.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the first shell provided in Example 2.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a front view of the liquid-solid friction power generation unit provided in Example 2.

[0039] Figure 5 This is a side view of the liquid-solid friction power generation unit provided in Example 2.

[0040] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the contact-separation friction power generation unit provided in Example 2.

[0041] Figure 7 This is a reciprocating motion diagram of the contact-separation friction power generation unit provided in Example 2.

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the solid-solid friction power generation principle provided in Example 2.

[0043] Fig. 9 This is a reciprocating motion diagram of the multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device provided in Example 2.

[0044] Fig.10 This is the equivalent circuit diagram provided in Example 2.

[0045] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of parallel power supply of multiple power generation devices provided in Example 2.

[0046] Fig.12 This is a structural diagram of a multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device provided in Example 3.

[0047] Fig.13 This is a waveform diagram of the voltage and current output of the single-sided contact-separation friction power generation unit provided in Example 3.

[0048] Fig.14 This is a waveform diagram of the output voltage and current of the liquid-solid friction power generation unit provided in Example 3.

[0049] Fig.15 This is a waveform diagram of the solid-solid sliding friction power generation output voltage and current provided in Example 3.

[0050] Fig.16 This is a waveform diagram of the overall voltage and current output of the multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device provided in Example 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the present patent;

[0052] In order to better illustrate the present embodiment, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product;

[0053] It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0054] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device, including: a first shell 1, a liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2, a first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and a second contact-separation friction power generation unit 4;

[0057] The liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 is arranged on the bottom plate of the first shell 1 and can slide in the first shell 1 along the horizontal direction;

[0058] The first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit 4 are both retractable structures, and are respectively fixedly arranged at the left and right ends of the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2; the first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit are also respectively fixedly connected to the left and right inner walls of the first housing 1;

[0059] When the multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device swings back and forth due to wave energy, the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 slides left and right in the first shell 1 in the horizontal direction and generates alternating current based on liquid-solid friction nano-power generation; at the same time, the first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit 4 are alternately compressed and stretched, and contact-separation friction nano-power generation is performed respectively during the cyclic expansion and contraction process to generate alternating current; the alternating current generated by the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 and the two contact-separation friction power generation units are jointly derived to realize multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation.

[0060] In the specific implementation process, the main body of the power generation device in this embodiment is a rectangular box (i.e., the first shell 1), inside which two groups of retractable contact-separation friction power generation units are arranged, and between the two groups of contact-separation friction power generation units, a group of liquid-solid friction power generation units 2 is arranged;

[0061] When the multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device shakes back and forth due to wave energy, the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 slides left and right in the first shell 1 in the horizontal direction, and the liquid flows and rubs on the solid surface, thereby generating a triboelectric effect between the liquid and the solid. The ions in the liquid medium interact with the electrons on the solid surface, resulting in charge transfer. Since the liquid can flow continuously, this friction mode can continuously generate charges, thereby achieving continuous power output.

[0062] The liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 has the ability to generate electricity continuously. The liquid can flow or oscillate continuously on the solid surface, so that the liquid-solid friction can produce continuous charge separation. Moreover, the liquid-solid friction does not depend on the strict surface shape or structure, so it can adapt to a variety of complex surfaces and even work in dynamic environments such as waves, with higher flexibility.

[0063] While the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 slides left and right in the first shell 1 in the horizontal direction, the first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit 4 are alternately compressed and stretched, that is, when the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 moves to the left, it squeezes the first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 on the left and stretches the second contact-separation friction power generation unit 4 on the right, and the opposite is true when it moves to the right; during the cyclic expansion and contraction process of the two contact-separation friction power generation units, contact-separation friction nano-power generation is performed respectively to generate alternating current;

[0064] Contact-separation friction power generation has the advantages of efficient energy conversion. It can effectively convert mechanical energy into electrical energy under low-frequency vibration and small-amplitude movement, and has high power generation efficiency. At the same time, the material selection is diverse, and the friction layer material selection is wide, including common organic polymers, nanomaterials, etc., with strong adaptability. In addition, the structure is simple, and the basic structure of the generator is relatively simple, which is easy to achieve low-cost manufacturing.

[0065] Finally, the alternating current generated by the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 and the two contact-separation friction power generation units are jointly derived to realize multi-mode wave-excited friction nanopower generation.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device, including: a first shell 1, a liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2, a first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and a second contact-separation friction power generation unit 4;

[0068] The liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 is arranged on the bottom plate of the first shell 1 and can slide in the first shell 1 along the horizontal direction;

[0069] The first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit 4 are both retractable structures, and are respectively fixedly arranged at the left and right ends of the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2; the first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit are also respectively fixedly connected to the left and right inner walls of the first housing 1;

[0070] The liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 includes a second shell 21, such as Figure 3 As shown, the inner wall of the bottom plate of the first housing 1 is provided with a first conductive layer 5, and the first conductive layer 5 is covered with a first friction layer 6;

[0071] like Figure 4 As shown, the outer wall of the bottom plate of the second shell 21 is provided with a second conductive layer 7, and the second conductive layer 7 is covered with a second friction layer 8;

[0072] The material polarities of the first friction layer 6 and the second friction layer 8 are opposite;

[0073] When the multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device is reciprocated by wave energy, the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 slides left and right in the first shell 1 in the horizontal direction and generates AC power based on liquid-solid friction nano-power generation; at the same time, the first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit 4 are alternately compressed and stretched, and contact-separation friction nano-power generation is performed respectively during the cyclic expansion and contraction process to generate AC power;

[0074] The liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 slides left and right in the first housing 1 in the horizontal direction, driving the second friction layer 8 and the first friction layer 6 to slide and rub relative to each other, generating charge transfer, and inducing induced charges on the second conductive layer 7 and the first conductive layer 5 respectively, and the induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current;

[0075] The alternating current generated by the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2, the two contact-separation friction power generation units, and the first friction layer 6 and the second friction layer 8 are jointly derived to realize multi-mode wave-induced friction nano-power generation;

[0076] like Figure 4 As shown, the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 is provided with a plurality of parallel liquid-solid friction nano-power generation cores 22; its side view is as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown;

[0077] Each of the liquid-solid friction nano-power generation cores 22 has the same structure, and includes an outer tube 221, a friction liquid 222 and an external sensing electrode 223;

[0078] The outer tube 221 is a hollow sealed structure, the friction liquid 222 is arranged inside the outer tube 221, and the external sensing electrode 223 is arranged on the outer wall of the outer tube 221; the material of the outer tube 221 and the friction liquid 222 have opposite polarities;

[0079] The liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 slides left and right in the first shell 1 in the horizontal direction, and the friction liquid 222 in each of the liquid-solid friction nano-power generation cores 22 rubs against the inner wall of the outer tube 221 to generate charge transfer, and induces induced charges on the external induction electrode 223, and the induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current;

[0080] like Figure 6 As shown, the first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit 4 both include: a plurality of substrates 9 arranged at intervals, two adjacent substrates 9 are connected by an elastic connector 10, and the elastic connector 10 is used to achieve expansion and contraction and rebound;

[0081] A third conductive layer 11 and a fourth conductive layer 12 are respectively arranged on both sides of the substrate 9; the third conductive layer 11 and the fourth conductive layer 12 are respectively covered with a third friction layer 13 and a fourth friction layer 14 with opposite material polarities; the third friction layers 13 and the fourth friction layers 14 of two adjacent substrates 9 are arranged opposite to each other;

[0082] During the cyclic expansion and contraction process, the third friction layer 13 and the fourth friction layer 14 of the adjacent substrate 9 are cyclically contacted and separated, and induced charges are induced on the corresponding third conductive layer 11 and the fourth conductive layer 12, and the induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current;

[0083] In this embodiment, the first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit 4 also include: a plurality of hinges 15; the same end of two adjacent substrates 9 is hinged by an opening and closing page 15 to achieve folding and telescopic.

[0084] In the specific implementation process, the main body of the power generation device in this embodiment is a rectangular box (i.e., the first shell 1), inside which two groups of retractable contact-separation friction power generation units are arranged, and a group of liquid-solid friction power generation units 2 is arranged between the two groups of contact-separation friction power generation units; in addition, in order to further improve the power generation efficiency, the present embodiment also arranges a first friction layer 6 and a second friction layer 8 between the bottom of the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 and the first shell 1, and the two generate electricity through solid-solid friction;

[0085] When the multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device shakes back and forth due to wave energy, the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 slides left and right in the first shell 1 in the horizontal direction, and the liquid flows and rubs on the solid surface, thereby generating a triboelectric effect between the liquid and the solid. The ions in the liquid medium interact with the electrons on the solid surface, resulting in charge transfer. Since the liquid can flow continuously, this friction mode can continuously generate charges, thereby achieving continuous power output.

[0086] The liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 has the ability to generate electricity continuously. The liquid can flow or oscillate continuously on the solid surface, so that the liquid-solid friction can produce continuous charge separation. Moreover, the liquid-solid friction does not depend on the strict surface shape or structure, so it can adapt to a variety of complex surfaces and even work in dynamic environments such as waves, with higher flexibility.

[0087] like Figure 7As shown, while the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 slides left and right in the first shell 1 in the horizontal direction, the first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit 4 are alternately compressed and stretched, that is, when the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 moves to the left, it squeezes the first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 on the left and stretches the second contact-separation friction power generation unit 4 on the right, and the opposite is true when it moves to the right; during the cyclic expansion and contraction process of the two contact-separation friction power generation units, contact-separation friction nano-power generation is performed respectively to generate alternating current;

[0088] Contact-separation friction power generation has the advantages of efficient energy conversion. It can effectively convert mechanical energy into electrical energy under low-frequency vibration and small-amplitude movement, and has high power generation efficiency. At the same time, the material selection is diverse, and the friction layer material selection is wide, including common organic polymers, nanomaterials, etc., with strong adaptability. In addition, the structure is simple, and the basic structure of the generator is relatively simple, which is easy to achieve low-cost manufacturing.

[0089] like Figure 8 As shown, when the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 slides left and right in the first housing 1 in the horizontal direction, the second friction layer 8 at the bottom thereof will be driven to slide and rub against the first friction layer 6, thereby generating charge transfer, further increasing the accumulation of friction charges, and inducing induced charges on the second conductive layer 7 and the first conductive layer 5, respectively. The induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current;

[0090] The advantage of solid-solid friction is the efficient charge separation. The charge density generated by solid-solid friction is high, especially when the electronegativity difference between the two materials is large. Secondly, it has stronger adaptability. The solid-solid friction structure is simple and easy to integrate. It can work under various vibration and mechanical motion conditions.

[0091] like Fig. 9 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the working process of the multi-mode power generation device in this embodiment. The above process is repeated, and finally the alternating current generated by the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2, the two contact-separation friction power generation units, and the first friction layer 6 and the second friction layer 8 are jointly derived to realize multi-mode wave-induced friction nano-power generation;

[0092] like Fig.10 As shown, the multi-mode wave-excited triboelectric nano-power generation device in this embodiment combines the three modes of contact-separation friction, liquid-solid friction and solid-solid sliding friction. The liquid-solid triboelectric power generation unit 2, the two contact-separation triboelectric power generation units, and the first friction layer 6 and the second friction layer 8 can be regarded as a voltage source (respectively Fig.10 Voc2, 2 Voc1 and Voc3), the output of the entire power generation device is the output of 4 voltage sources connected in parallel;

[0093] like Fig.11 As shown, in this embodiment, multiple power generation devices can also be integrated, and after rectification, they are transmitted to the energy storage device to supply power to the load, thereby achieving higher power AC power generation and adapting to a wider range of application scenarios.

[0094] Example 3

[0095] like Fig.12 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device, including: a first shell 1, a liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2, a first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and a second contact-separation friction power generation unit 4;

[0096] The liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 is arranged on the bottom plate of the first shell 1 and can slide in the first shell 1 along the horizontal direction;

[0097] The first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit 4 are both retractable structures, and are respectively fixedly arranged at the left and right ends of the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2; the first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit are also respectively fixedly connected to the left and right inner walls of the first housing 1;

[0098] The liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 comprises a second shell 21, the inner wall of the bottom plate of the first shell 1 is provided with a first conductive layer 5, and the first conductive layer 5 is covered with a first friction layer 6;

[0099] The outer wall of the bottom plate of the second housing 21 is provided with a second conductive layer 7, and the second conductive layer 7 is covered with a second friction layer 8;

[0100] The material polarities of the first friction layer 6 and the second friction layer 8 are opposite;

[0101] When the multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device is reciprocated by wave energy, the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 slides left and right in the first shell 1 in the horizontal direction and generates AC power based on liquid-solid friction nano-power generation; at the same time, the first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit 4 are alternately compressed and stretched, and contact-separation friction nano-power generation is performed respectively during the cyclic expansion and contraction process to generate AC power;

[0102] The liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 slides left and right in the first housing 1 in the horizontal direction, driving the second friction layer 8 and the first friction layer 6 to slide and rub relative to each other, generating charge transfer, and inducing induced charges on the second conductive layer 7 and the first conductive layer 5 respectively, and the induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current;

[0103] The alternating current generated by the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2, the two contact-separation friction power generation units, and the first friction layer 6 and the second friction layer 8 are jointly derived to realize multi-mode wave-induced friction nano-power generation;

[0104] The liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 is provided with a plurality of parallel liquid-solid friction nano-power generation cores 22;

[0105] Each of the liquid-solid friction nano-power generation cores 22 has the same structure, and includes an outer tube 221, a friction liquid 222 and an external sensing electrode 223;

[0106] The outer tube 221 is a hollow sealed structure, the friction liquid 222 is arranged inside the outer tube 221, and the external sensing electrode 223 is arranged on the outer wall of the outer tube 221; the material of the outer tube 221 and the friction liquid 222 have opposite polarities;

[0107] In this embodiment, the outer tube 221 is an insulating material, and the insulating material includes any one of PTFE, PE, PP, PET, PDMS and PVC; the friction liquid 222 is specifically any one of deionized water, magnetic fluid and aqueous solution;

[0108] The liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 slides left and right in the first shell 1 in the horizontal direction, and the friction liquid 222 in each of the liquid-solid friction nano-power generation cores 22 rubs against the inner wall of the outer tube 221 to generate charge transfer, and induces induced charges on the external induction electrode 223, and the induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current;

[0109] The first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit 4 each include: a plurality of substrates 9 arranged at intervals, two adjacent substrates 9 are connected by an elastic connector 10, and the elastic connector 10 is used to achieve expansion and contraction and rebound;

[0110] A third conductive layer 11 and a fourth conductive layer 12 are respectively arranged on both sides of the substrate 9; the third conductive layer 11 and the fourth conductive layer 12 are respectively covered with a third friction layer 13 and a fourth friction layer 14 with opposite material polarities; the third friction layers 13 and the fourth friction layers 14 of two adjacent substrates 9 are arranged opposite to each other;

[0111] During the cyclic expansion and contraction process, the third friction layer 13 and the fourth friction layer 14 of the adjacent substrate 9 are cyclically contacted and separated, and induced charges are induced on the corresponding third conductive layer 11 and the fourth conductive layer 12, and the induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current;

[0112] In this embodiment, the first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit 4 also include: a plurality of hinges 15; the same end of two adjacent substrates 9 is hinged by an opening and closing page 15, so as to realize folding and telescopic operation;

[0113] The first conductive layer 5, the second conductive layer 7, the third conductive layer 11, the fourth conductive layer 12 and the external sensing electrode 223 are all made of conductive materials, and the conductive material includes any one of copper foil, aluminum foil and conductive coating;

[0114] The first friction layer 6 and the third friction layer 13 are made of the same material, both are nylon films; the second friction layer 8 and the fourth friction layer 14 are made of the same material, both are polytetrafluoroethylene films;

[0115] The first shell 1, the second shell 21 and the substrate 9 are made of the same material, which is acrylic plate;

[0116] A guide device 16 is also provided on the outside of the first shell 1 for guiding the multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device to reciprocate left and right; in this embodiment, the guide device 16 is specifically a guide plate.

[0117] In the specific implementation process, the main body of the power generation device in this embodiment is a rectangular box (i.e., the first shell 1), inside which two groups of retractable contact-separation friction power generation units are arranged, and a group of liquid-solid friction power generation units 2 is arranged between the two groups of contact-separation friction power generation units; in addition, in order to further improve the power generation efficiency, the present embodiment also arranges a first friction layer 6 and a second friction layer 8 between the bottom of the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 and the first shell 1, and the two generate electricity through solid-solid friction;

[0118] When the multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device shakes back and forth due to wave energy, the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 slides left and right in the first shell 1 in the horizontal direction, and the liquid flows and rubs on the solid surface, thereby generating a triboelectric effect between the liquid and the solid. The ions in the liquid medium interact with the electrons on the solid surface, resulting in charge transfer. Since the liquid can flow continuously, this friction mode can continuously generate charges, thereby achieving continuous power output.

[0119] In this embodiment, the middle area of ​​the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 is composed of 9 liquid-solid friction nano-power generation cores 22 arranged in 3×3. The core is composed of a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) shell 221 and an internal friction liquid 222. Under the action of waves, the liquid flows and rubs on the solid surface, thereby generating a triboelectric effect between the liquid and the solid. The ions in the liquid medium interact with the electrons on the solid surface, resulting in charge transfer. Since the liquid can flow continuously, this friction mode can continuously generate charges, thereby achieving continuous power output; these cores are wrapped by acrylic boxes to form a closed liquid-solid friction area;

[0120] The liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 has the ability to generate electricity continuously. The liquid can flow or oscillate continuously on the solid surface, so that the liquid-solid friction can produce continuous charge separation. Moreover, the liquid-solid friction does not depend on the strict surface shape or structure, so it can adapt to a variety of complex surfaces and even work in dynamic environments such as waves, with higher flexibility.

[0121] While the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 slides left and right in the first shell 1 in the horizontal direction, the first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit 4 are alternately compressed and stretched, that is, when the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 moves to the left, it squeezes the first contact-separation friction power generation unit 3 on the left and stretches the second contact-separation friction power generation unit 4 on the right, and the opposite is true when it moves to the right; during the cyclic expansion and contraction process of the two contact-separation friction power generation units, contact-separation friction nano-power generation is performed respectively to generate alternating current;

[0122] In this embodiment, the core of the contact-separation friction power generation unit is to paste a layer of copper foil on both sides of each acrylic substrate 9 as a conductive layer substrate, and then wrap different friction materials on the copper foil, one side is nylon 6 (polyamide film) or polyimide film, and the other side is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film; after all acrylic substrates 9 are made by the above steps, the same end of two adjacent substrates 9 is hinged with an acrylic hinge 15 for fixed rotation, and two holes are opened on the other end, and springs (elastic connectors 10) with corresponding elastic forces are connected. With the help of wave motion, contact separation and rebound motion are achieved, thereby generating periodic charge accumulation and release. In this embodiment, nylon 6 film is easy to gain electrons and carry positive charge, while PTFE is easy to lose electrons and carry negative charge. This heterogeneous combination of materials further improves the output voltage and power density;

[0123] When two friction surfaces (such as nylon and PTFE) come into contact under the action of external force, the triboelectric effect begins to occur; due to the different electronegativity of the two, electrons will transfer from the material with lower electronegativity to the material with higher electronegativity; for example, electrons in the nylon material will transfer to the PTFE, making the nylon positively charged and the PTFE negatively charged. In this process, opposite charges are formed on the surfaces of the two. After the two layers of materials come into contact, when the external force is removed, the materials begin to separate; as the separation proceeds, an electric field is formed between the positively charged nylon and the negatively charged PTFE; due to the separation of charges and the separation of materials, the potential difference between the surfaces of the materials gradually increases; this potential difference drives the flow of charges, and at this time, the role of the electrodes begins to play a role. When the friction layers come into contact and separate, the electrode layer behind them senses the charge changes between the friction layers due to the electrostatic induction effect; as the materials separate, induced charges will form on the electrodes, thereby generating current; if the electrodes are connected to an external load, the current will flow through the circuit to achieve electrical energy output; the generator realizes a periodic contact and separation process under the action of external force;

[0124] Contact-separation friction power generation has the advantages of efficient energy conversion. It can effectively convert mechanical energy into electrical energy under low-frequency vibration and small-amplitude movement, and has high power generation efficiency. At the same time, the material selection is diverse, and the friction layer material selection is wide, including common organic polymers, nanomaterials, etc., with strong adaptability. In addition, the structure is simple, and the basic structure of the generator is relatively simple, which is easy to achieve low-cost manufacturing.

[0125] In order to further improve the power generation efficiency, this embodiment also designs a solid-solid friction power generation composed of nylon 6 and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) at the bottom of the liquid-solid acrylic outer box (second shell 21) and the upper layer of the bottom plate of the overall generator box (first shell 1); specifically, the bottom of the upper liquid-solid acrylic box is firstly made of a layer of copper foil as a conductive layer for collecting charges, and then wrapped with a layer of nylon 6 film as a friction layer, and the upper layer of the bottom plate of the generator box is made of a layer of copper foil as a conductive layer for collecting charges, and then wrapped with a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film as a friction layer. Through the reciprocating motion of the waves, the middle liquid-solid generator acrylic box will reciprocate accordingly, so that the solid-solid friction nanogenerator generates sliding friction in the horizontal direction, further improving the accumulation of friction charges; nylon 6 and PTFE are common triboelectric materials, and their electronegativity is quite different, nylon 6 is easy to be positively charged, while PTFE is easy to be negatively charged; during the sliding friction process, electrons will be transferred from nylon 6 to the PTFE surface, forming a separation of charges; with the periodic motion of the external force, the materials are constantly in contact, sliding and separating, thereby continuously generating electrical energy;

[0126] When the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2 slides horizontally in the first housing 1, the second friction layer 8 at the bottom thereof will be driven to slide and rub against the first friction layer 6, thereby generating charge transfer, further increasing the accumulation of friction charges, and inducing induced charges on the second conductive layer 7 and the first conductive layer 5, respectively. The induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current.

[0127] The advantage of solid-solid friction is the efficient charge separation. The charge density generated by solid-solid friction is high, especially when the electronegativity difference between the two materials is large. Secondly, it has stronger adaptability. The solid-solid friction structure is simple and easy to integrate. It can work under various vibration and mechanical motion conditions.

[0128] Finally, the alternating current generated by the liquid-solid friction power generation unit 2, the two contact-separation friction power generation units, and the first friction layer 6 and the second friction layer 8 are jointly derived to realize multi-mode wave-induced friction nano-power generation;

[0129] The overall layout of the power generation device in this embodiment is: the left and right ends are contact-separation power generation, the middle is liquid-solid friction nano power generation, all the power generation cores are sealed by an acrylic box, and solid-solid sliding friction nano power generation is introduced between the bottom layer of the acrylic box and the upper layer of the bottom plate of the overall generator box;

[0130] The performance of the power generation device is also tested in this embodiment by simulating a 1 Hz wave condition on a six-degree-of-freedom vibration table and testing the three modules and the whole in parallel. Fig.13 As shown in Figure 1, the maximum single-side output open-circuit voltage of the contact-separation friction nano-power generation is 28.1V, and the short-circuit current is 87.2nA; Fig.14 As shown, the maximum output open circuit voltage of the generator composed of 9 liquid-solid friction nano-generator cores 22 is 272.8V, and the short circuit current is 0.58uA; Fig.15 As shown in Figure 2, the maximum output open circuit voltage of solid-solid friction nanopower generation is 18.9V, and the short circuit current is 63.7nA; Fig.16 As shown, after the overall parallel connection, the output open-circuit voltage is 354.1V and the short-circuit current is 0.83uA; it can be seen that the power generation device of this embodiment has a high power generation capacity and can meet most of the offshore power usage scenarios; it is worth mentioning that the power generation capacity of the power generation device in this embodiment varies according to the size of the generator. The larger the size of the device, the greater the power generation capacity;

[0131] The multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device in this embodiment is suitable for capturing and converting ocean wave energy; the generator utilizes three modes of contact-separation friction, liquid-solid friction and solid-solid sliding friction to efficiently capture and convert energy through the reciprocating motion and vibration of waves; the present invention can be widely used in the fields of ocean energy collection, mechanical vibration energy conversion, and self-powered equipment, and is particularly suitable for energy collection in low-frequency vibration energy environments, such as wave energy generation in oceans, lakes and other waters.

[0132] The same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components;

[0133] The terms used in the drawings to describe positional relationships are only used for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this patent;

[0134] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device, characterized in that: include: a first housing, a liquid-solid friction power generation unit, a first contact-separation friction power generation unit, and a second contact-separation friction power generation unit; The liquid-solid friction power generation unit is arranged on the bottom plate of the first shell and can slide in the first shell in a horizontal direction; The first contact-separation friction power generation unit and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit are both retractable structures, and are respectively fixedly arranged at the left and right ends of the liquid-solid friction power generation unit; the first contact-separation friction power generation unit and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit are also respectively fixedly connected to the left and right inner walls of the first shell; When the multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device swings back and forth due to wave energy, the liquid-solid friction power generation unit slides left and right in the first shell in the horizontal direction and generates alternating current based on liquid-solid friction nano-power generation; at the same time, the first contact-separation friction power generation unit and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit are alternately compressed and stretched, and contact-separation friction nano-power generation is performed respectively during the cyclic expansion and contraction process to generate alternating current; the alternating current generated by the liquid-solid friction power generation unit and the two contact-separation friction power generation units are jointly derived to realize multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation.

2. A multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid-solid friction power generation unit comprises a second shell, the inner wall of the bottom plate of the first shell is provided with a first conductive layer, and the first conductive layer is covered with a first friction layer; The outer wall of the bottom plate of the second shell is provided with a second conductive layer, and the second conductive layer is covered with a second friction layer; The materials of the first friction layer and the second friction layer have opposite polarities; The liquid-solid friction power generation unit slides left and right in the first shell in the horizontal direction, driving the second friction layer and the first friction layer to slide and rub relative to each other, generating charge transfer, and inducing induced charges on the second conductive layer and the first conductive layer respectively. The induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current; the alternating current generated by the liquid-solid friction power generation unit, the two contact-separation friction power generation units, and the first friction layer and the second friction layer are jointly derived to realize multi-mode wave-excited friction nanopower generation.

3. The multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid-solid friction power generation unit is provided with a plurality of parallel liquid-solid friction nano-power generation cores; Each of the liquid-solid friction nano-generator cores has the same structure, and includes an outer tube, friction liquid and an external sensing electrode; The outer tube is a hollow sealed structure, the friction liquid is arranged inside the outer tube, and the external sensing electrode is arranged on the outer wall of the outer tube; the material of the outer tube and the friction liquid have opposite polarities; The liquid-solid friction power generation unit slides left and right in the first shell in the horizontal direction. The friction liquid in each liquid-solid friction nano power generation core rubs against the inner wall of the outer tube to generate charge transfer, and induces induced charges on the external induction electrode. The induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current.

4. The multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first contact-separation friction power generation unit and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit each include: a plurality of substrates arranged at intervals, two adjacent substrates being connected by an elastic connecting member; A third conductive layer and a fourth conductive layer are respectively arranged on both sides of the substrate; the third conductive layer and the fourth conductive layer are respectively covered with a third friction layer and a fourth friction layer with opposite material polarities; the third friction layers and the fourth friction layers of two adjacent substrates are arranged oppositely; During the cyclic expansion and contraction process, the third friction layer and the fourth friction layer of the adjacent substrates cyclically contact and separate, and induced charges are induced on the corresponding third conductive layer and fourth conductive layer. The induced charges are led out through external wires to generate alternating current.

5. The multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first contact-separation friction power generation unit and the second contact-separation friction power generation unit also include: a plurality of hinges; the same end of two adjacent substrates is hinged by an opening and closing page to achieve folding and telescopic.

6. The multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide device is also provided on the outside of the first shell to guide the multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device to reciprocate left and right.

7. The multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The guide device is specifically a guide plate.

8. The multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer tube is made of insulating material, and the insulating material includes any one of PTFE, PE, PP, PET, PDMS and PVC; The friction liquid is specifically any one of deionized water, magnetic fluid and aqueous solution.

9. A multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device according to claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The first to fourth conductive layers and the external sensing electrode are all made of conductive materials, and the conductive material includes any one of copper foil, aluminum foil and conductive coating; The first friction layer and the third friction layer are made of the same material, both are nylon films; the second friction layer and the fourth friction layer are made of the same material, both are polytetrafluoroethylene films.

10. A multi-mode wave-excited friction nano-power generation device according to claims 2 and 4, characterized in that: The first shell, the second shell and the substrate are made of the same material, which is acrylic plate.

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