Color photovoltaic module and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The colored photovoltaic module comprises a transparent packaging front layer 1, a colored packaging adhesive film 2, a transparent impact-resistant front layer 3, a high-transmittance packaging adhesive film 4, a solar cell group 5, a first high-cut-off packaging adhesive film 6, a back supporting layer 7, a second high-cut-off packaging adhesive film 8 and a back plate 9 which are sequentially stacked and integrally formed through lamination of a laminating machine. According to the invention, the photonic crystal powder capable of controlling the light with the specific wavelength is introduced into the packaging adhesive film to reflect the light with different wavelengths so as to realize the colorization of the photovoltaic module, and the structural color characteristic of the photonic crystal can enable the photovoltaic module to keep color persistence and high light transmittance, and the photovoltaic power generation power of the photovoltaic module is not damaged; the photovoltaic module can be widely applied to the field of photovoltaic buildings (BIPV and BAPV), so that the photovoltaic module can be better combined with the buildings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, and in particular relates to a color photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In today's society, energy conflicts and environmental problems are becoming more and more prominent, and the development of various types of clean energy is an inevitable trend. In recent years, the photovoltaic industry has developed rapidly, and technological updates have gradually accelerated. At present, the photovoltaic industry is developing towards product diversification. In the application field of photovoltaic modules, architectural photovoltaics is one of the most important application fields. For buildings, aesthetic design is very important, so the color requirements of photovoltaic modules are very high, and flexible choices in color are hoped. However, the mainstream solar cell color in the existing technology is dark blue. After the module is encapsulated, due to the superposition of the EVA layer and the FFC or CPC front plate, the photovoltaic module is displayed as a whole in black and single color. Therefore, it is urgent to develop colored photovoltaic modules to meet the new market demand for photovoltaic modules!

[0003] There are currently three technical solutions for achieving colored photovoltaic modules: (1) through colored glass; (2) through colored backplane; and (3) through colored encapsulation film. The first two will affect the sunlight reaching the cell, resulting in a significant loss in the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module. Colored encapsulation film has low cost, rich color varieties, and strong adhesion, and has great development potential. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: In view of the problems and shortcomings in the prior art, a method for preparing a colored photovoltaic module is provided according to the present invention.

[0005] The method comprises the following steps:

[0006] A method for preparing a colored photovoltaic module comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1, preparing a colored encapsulation film;

[0008] S2, laying a backplane, a first high-cutoff packaging film, a back support layer, and a second high-cutoff packaging film in sequence from bottom to top on the operating table according to a stacking structure, and placing a battery layer on the laid second high-cutoff packaging film to complete the bus connection, wherein the battery layer includes a plurality of solar cell strings;

[0009] S3. Lay the high-transmittance packaging film, the transparent impact-resistant front layer, the colored packaging film, and the transparent packaging front layer on the battery layer from bottom to top in sequence, and laminate the back panel, the first high-cutoff packaging film, the back support layer, the second high-cutoff packaging film, the battery layer, the high-transmittance packaging film, the transparent impact-resistant front layer, the colored packaging film, and the transparent packaging front layer through a laminator to form the colored photovoltaic module.

[0010] Furthermore, the step S1, preparing a colored encapsulating film, comprises the following steps:

[0011] S11, mixing the dried encapsulation film resin, photonic crystal powder and dispersant in a high-speed mixer at room temperature and then performing twin-screw extrusion granulation to obtain photonic masterbatch;

[0012] S12, the photon masterbatch, packaging film resin, crosslinking agent, auxiliary crosslinking agent, tackifier, antioxidant and anti-ultraviolet additive obtained in S11 are mixed evenly in a high-speed mixer at room temperature, and then cast, extruded and cooled to form a colored packaging film.

[0013] Furthermore, the encapsulation film resin includes any one of the following: EVA, POE. Before S11, the encapsulation film resin needs to be dried at 60-80° C. for 12-24 hours, and then cooled to room temperature by cold air to obtain a dried encapsulation film resin.

[0014] Further, the photonic crystal powder includes one or a combination of the following: red photonic crystal powder, orange photonic crystal powder, yellow photonic crystal powder, green photonic crystal powder, cyan photonic crystal powder, blue photonic crystal powder, and purple photonic crystal powder, the average particle size of the photonic crystal powder is 100 to 200 μm, and the addition ratio is 0.1 to 4 wt% of the encapsulation film resin;

[0015] The photonic crystal powder is heat and humidity resistant photonic crystal powder, has good water vapor resistance, and does not change color after being tested by DH1000.

[0016] The dispersant is one or a combination of the following: alkylphenol polyethylene ether, polyoxyethylene alkylphenol ether, and the addition ratio is 0.1-2wt% of the packaging film resin.

[0017] Furthermore, the addition ratio of the photon masterbatch is 0.1 to 30 wt % of the encapsulation film resin;

[0018] The main cross-linking agent is one or a combination of the following: tert-butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexyl carbonate, tert-amyl peroxy (2-ethylhexyl) carbonate, diisopropyl peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butyl peroxy) hexane, tert-butyl peroxy 3,3,5-trimethylhexanoate, 1,1-bis(tert-butyl peroxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, tert-butyl peroxy isopropyl carbonate, and the addition ratio is 0.3wt% to 2wt% of the encapsulation film resin;

[0019] The auxiliary cross-linking agent is any one of the following or a combination of the following: triallyl isocyanurate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, triallyl cyanurate, and the addition ratio is 0.4wt% to 0.8wt% of the packaging film resin.

[0020] Further, the tackifier is one or a combination of the following: γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropyl, vinyltrimethoxysilane, and the addition ratio is 0.4wt% to 3wt% of the encapsulation film resin;

[0021] The antioxidant is any one or a combination of the following: pentaerythritol tetrakis[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, the addition ratio being 0.1wt% to 0.5wt% of the encapsulation film resin;

[0022] The anti-ultraviolet auxiliary agent is any one of the following or a combination of several thereof: 2-hydroxy-4-octyloxybenzophenone, bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl)sebacate, and the addition ratio is 0.1wt% to 0.3wt% of the packaging film resin.

[0023] Furthermore, the transparent encapsulation front layer includes any one of the following: ETFE film, PVDF film, transparent CPC front plate, and the light transmittance of the transparent encapsulation front layer is ≥90%.

[0024] Furthermore, the material of the second high-transmittance packaging film, the first high-cutoff packaging film and the second high-cutoff packaging film includes any one of the following: EVA, POE and EPE.

[0025] Furthermore, the transparent impact-resistant front layer is any one of the following: epoxy glass fiber prepreg, acrylic glass fiber transparent backboard, transparent CPC backboard, EPE; the back support layer and backboard materials include any one of the following: PCB, CPC, KPF, polyolefin, glass fiber reinforced polypropylene, and the back support layer and backboard colors include any one of the following: white or black.

[0026] On the other hand, the present invention further provides a color photovoltaic module, which is prepared by using the above preparation method.

[0027] Beneficial effects:

[0028] Photonic crystals are artificial microstructures formed by the periodic arrangement of media with different refractive indices. They have the function of wavelength selection, which can selectively allow light of a certain wavelength to pass through while preventing light of other wavelengths from passing through. When light passes through the interface between two substances, partial reflection occurs. When the thickness of the two layers of film meets a specific relationship, light of a certain frequency range can be completely reflected back, thereby producing a specific visual color. Compared with the colors presented by chemical pigments, the colors produced by this type of photonic crystal structure are more stable and lasting. As long as the structure itself is not destroyed, the color it presents will always be bright. Therefore, photovoltaic modules prepared by laminating by adding photonic crystal pigments to encapsulating films such as EVA films and POE films can present brilliant colors and achieve low power loss of photovoltaic modules. They can be widely used in the field of photovoltaic buildings (BIPV and BAPV) to better integrate photovoltaic modules with buildings.

[0029] The present invention introduces photonic crystal powder with wavelength selection function into the encapsulation film resin EVA or POE, and when the light passes through the interface between the two substances, partial reflection occurs. When the thickness of the two thin films meets a specific relationship, the light in a certain frequency range can be completely reflected back, thereby producing a specific visual color. Compared with the colors presented by chemical pigments, the colors produced by this type of photonic crystal structure are more stable and lasting. As long as the structure itself is not destroyed, the color it presents is always bright. Therefore, the photovoltaic modules prepared by laminating by adding photonic crystal pigments to encapsulation films such as EVA films and POE films can present brilliant colors, and can achieve low power loss of photovoltaic modules, and can be widely used in the field of photovoltaic buildings (BIPV and BAPV), so that photovoltaic modules can be better combined with buildings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a color photovoltaic module in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0032] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a colored photovoltaic module, comprising the following steps:

[0033] A method for preparing a colored photovoltaic module comprises the following steps:

[0034] S1, preparing a colored packaging film 2;

[0035] S2, laying the back plate 9, the first high cutoff packaging film 8, the back support layer 7, and the second high cutoff packaging film 6 in sequence from bottom to top on the operating table according to the stacking structure, and placing the battery layer 5 on the laid second high cutoff packaging film to complete the bus connection, wherein the battery layer includes a plurality of solar cell strings;

[0036] S3, on the battery layer 5, from bottom to top, lay the high-transmittance packaging film 4, the transparent impact-resistant front layer 3, the color packaging film 2, and the transparent packaging front layer 1 in sequence, and laminate the back plate 9, the first high-cutoff packaging film 8, the back support layer 7, the second high-cutoff packaging film 6, the battery layer 5, the high-transmittance packaging film 4, the transparent impact-resistant front layer 3, the color packaging film 2, and the transparent packaging front layer 1 through a laminator to form the color photovoltaic module. Figure 1 shown.

[0037] Furthermore, the step S1, preparing a colored encapsulating film, comprises the following steps:

[0038] S11, mixing the dried encapsulation film resin, photonic crystal powder and dispersant in a high-speed mixer at room temperature and then performing twin-screw extrusion granulation to obtain photonic masterbatch;

[0039] S12, the photon masterbatch, packaging film resin, crosslinking agent, auxiliary crosslinking agent, tackifier, antioxidant and anti-ultraviolet additive obtained in S11 are mixed evenly in a high-speed mixer at room temperature, and then cast, extruded and cooled to form a colored packaging film.

[0040] Furthermore, the encapsulation film resin includes any one of the following: EVA, POE. Before S11, the encapsulation film resin needs to be dried at 60-80° C. for 12-24 hours, and then cooled to room temperature by cold air to obtain a dried encapsulation film resin.

[0041] Further, the photonic crystal powder includes one or a combination of the following: red photonic crystal powder, orange photonic crystal powder, yellow photonic crystal powder, green photonic crystal powder, cyan photonic crystal powder, blue photonic crystal powder, and purple photonic crystal powder, the average particle size of the photonic crystal powder is 100 to 200 μm, and the addition ratio is 0.1 to 4 wt% of the encapsulation film resin;

[0042] The dispersant is one or a combination of the following: alkylphenol polyethylene ether, polyoxyethylene alkylphenol ether, and the addition ratio is 0.1-2wt% of the packaging film resin.

[0043] Furthermore, the addition ratio of the photon masterbatch is 0.1 to 30 wt % of the encapsulation film resin;

[0044] The main cross-linking agent is one or a combination of the following: tert-butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexyl carbonate, tert-amyl peroxy (2-ethylhexyl) carbonate, diisopropyl peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butyl peroxy) hexane, tert-butyl peroxy 3,3,5-trimethylhexanoate, 1,1-bis(tert-butyl peroxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, tert-butyl peroxy isopropyl carbonate, and the addition ratio is 0.3wt% to 2wt% of the encapsulation film resin;

[0045] The auxiliary cross-linking agent is any one of the following or a combination of the following: triallyl isocyanurate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, triallyl cyanurate, and the addition ratio is 0.4wt% to 0.8wt% of the packaging film resin.

[0046] Further, the tackifier is one or a combination of the following: γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropyl, vinyltrimethoxysilane, and the addition ratio is 0.4wt% to 3wt% of the encapsulation film resin;

[0047] The antioxidant is any one or a combination of the following: pentaerythritol tetrakis[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, the addition ratio being 0.1wt% to 0.5wt% of the encapsulation film resin;

[0048] The anti-ultraviolet auxiliary agent is any one of the following or a combination of several thereof: 2-hydroxy-4-octyloxybenzophenone, bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl)sebacate, and the addition ratio is 0.1wt% to 0.3wt% of the packaging film resin.

[0049] Furthermore, the transparent encapsulation front layer includes any one of the following: ETFE film, PVDF film, transparent CPC front plate, and the light transmittance of the transparent encapsulation front layer is ≥90%.

[0050] Furthermore, the material of the second high-transmittance packaging film, the first high-cutoff packaging film and the second high-cutoff packaging film includes any one of the following: EVA, POE and EPE.

[0051] Furthermore, the transparent impact-resistant front layer is any one of the following: epoxy glass fiber prepreg, acrylic glass fiber transparent backboard, transparent CPC backboard, EPE; the back support layer and backboard materials include any one of the following: PCB, CPC, KPF, polyolefin, glass fiber reinforced polypropylene, and the back support layer and backboard colors include any one of the following: white or black.

[0052] The EPE is a three-layer structure of EVA / PET / EVA.

[0053] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a color photovoltaic module, which is prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method. Figure 1 shown.

[0054] Beneficial effects:

[0055] The present invention introduces photonic crystal powder with wavelength selection function into the encapsulation film resin EVA or POE, and when the light passes through the interface between the two substances, partial reflection occurs. When the thickness of the two thin films meets a specific relationship, the light in a certain frequency range can be completely reflected back, thereby producing a specific visual color. Compared with the colors presented by chemical pigments, the colors produced by this type of photonic crystal structure are more stable and lasting. As long as the structure itself is not destroyed, the color it presents is always bright. Therefore, the photovoltaic modules prepared by laminating by adding photonic crystal pigments to encapsulation films such as EVA films and POE films can present brilliant colors, and can achieve low power loss of photovoltaic modules, and can be widely used in the field of photovoltaic buildings (BIPV and BAPV), so that photovoltaic modules can be better combined with buildings.

[0056] This solution can also be applied to the field of shared bicycles.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a colored photovoltaic module, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1 prepares a colored encapsulation film; S2. On the operating table, a back sheet, a first high-cutoff packaging film, a back support layer, and a second high-cutoff packaging film are laid in sequence from bottom to top according to a stacking structure, and a battery layer is placed on the laid second high-cutoff packaging film to complete the bus connection, wherein the battery layer includes a plurality of solar cell strings; S3 lays a high-transmittance packaging film, a transparent impact-resistant front layer, the colored packaging film, and a transparent packaging front layer on the battery layer from bottom to top in sequence, and laminates the back panel, the first high-cutoff packaging film, the back support layer, the second high-cutoff packaging film, the battery layer, the high-transmittance packaging film, the transparent impact-resistant front layer, the colored packaging film, and the transparent packaging front layer through a laminator to form a color photovoltaic module.

2. The method for preparing a colored photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 of preparing a colored encapsulating film comprises the following steps: S11: Mix the dried encapsulation film resin, photonic crystal powder and dispersant in a high-speed mixer at room temperature and then perform twin-screw extrusion granulation to obtain photonic masterbatch; S12: the photon masterbatch, encapsulation film resin, crosslinking agent, auxiliary crosslinking agent, tackifier, antioxidant and anti-ultraviolet additive obtained in S11 are mixed evenly in a high-speed mixer at room temperature, and then cast, extruded and cooled to form a colored encapsulation film.

3. The method for preparing a colored encapsulating film according to claim 2, characterized in that: The encapsulation film resin includes any one of the following: EVA, POE. Before S11, the encapsulation film resin needs to be dried at 60-80° C. for 12-24 hours, and then cooled to room temperature by cold air to obtain a dried encapsulation film resin.

4. The method for preparing a colored encapsulating film according to claim 2, characterized in that: The photonic crystal powder includes one or a combination of the following: red photonic crystal powder, orange photonic crystal powder, yellow photonic crystal powder, green photonic crystal powder, cyan photonic crystal powder, blue photonic crystal powder, and purple photonic crystal powder. The average particle size of the photonic crystal powder is 100 to 200 μm, and the addition ratio is 0.1 to 4 wt% of the encapsulation film resin. The photonic crystal powder is moisture-heat resistant photonic crystal powder. The dispersant is one or a combination of the following: alkylphenol polyethylene ether, polyoxyethylene alkylphenol ether, and the addition ratio is 0.1-2wt% of the packaging film resin.

5. The method for preparing a colored encapsulating film according to claim 2, characterized in that: The addition ratio of the photon masterbatch is 0.1-30wt% of the encapsulation film resin; The main cross-linking agent is one or a combination of the following: tert-butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexyl carbonate, tert-amyl peroxy (2-ethylhexyl) carbonate, diisopropyl peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butyl peroxy) hexane, tert-butyl peroxy 3,3,5-trimethylhexanoate, 1,1-bis(tert-butyl peroxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, tert-butyl peroxy isopropyl carbonate, and the addition ratio is 0.3wt% to 2wt% of the encapsulation film resin; The auxiliary cross-linking agent is any one of the following or a combination of the following: triallyl isocyanurate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, triallyl cyanurate, and the addition ratio is 0.4wt% to 0.8wt% of the packaging film resin.

6. The method for preparing a colored encapsulating film according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tackifier is one or a combination of the following: γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropyl, vinyltrimethoxysilane, and the addition ratio is 0.4wt% to 3wt% of the encapsulation film resin; The antioxidant is any one or a combination of the following: pentaerythritol tetrakis[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, the addition ratio being 0.1wt% to 0.5wt% of the encapsulation film resin; The anti-ultraviolet auxiliary agent is any one of the following or a combination of several thereof: 2-hydroxy-4-octyloxybenzophenone, bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl)sebacate, and the addition ratio is 0.1wt% to 0.3wt% of the packaging film resin.

7. The method for preparing a colored photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transparent encapsulation front layer comprises any one of the following: ETFE film, PVDF film, transparent CPC front plate, and the light transmittance of the transparent encapsulation front layer is ≥90%.

8. The method for preparing a colored photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The materials of the second high-transmittance packaging film, the first high-cutoff packaging film and the second high-cutoff packaging film include any one of the following: EVA, POE and EPE.

9. The method for preparing a colored photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transparent impact-resistant front layer is any one of the following: epoxy glass fiber prepreg, acrylic glass fiber transparent backboard, transparent CPC backboard, EPE; the material of the back support layer and the backboard includes any one of the following: PCB, CPC, KPF, polyolefin, glass fiber reinforced polypropylene, and the color of the back support layer and the backboard includes any one of the following: white, black.

10. A color photovoltaic module, characterized in that: The colored photovoltaic module is prepared by using the preparation method described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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