Pruning machine

Abstract

The invention provides a trimmer in the technical field of road maintenance machinery. The trimmer comprises a transmission mechanism, a cam mechanism, a frame body, an arm frame and a back swing mechanism, the transmission mechanism comprises a power input shaft system, a main shaft system, a rotary support and a plurality of cutter shaft systems; the power input shaft system is connected with the main shaft system through a flexible transmission assembly, and the main shaft system is connected with the cutter shaft system through a flexible transmission assembly. The main shaft system is rotationally connected with the arm frame and the frame body through a rotary support, a cutter assembly and a cam matched with the cam mechanism are arranged on the main shaft system, and the cutter shaft system is installed on the frame body; the end, connected with the rotary support, of the arm support is fixedly connected with the cam mechanism, and the end away from the rotary support is hinged to the back-swing mechanism. Full-coverage pruning in the operation range of the pruning machine is achieved through a specific transmission mechanism, and stable pruning operation is achieved by adopting an obstacle avoidance mode in which rotation and back swing are matched, taking rotation as a main obstacle avoidance mode and taking back swing as an auxiliary obstacle avoidance mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of road maintenance machinery and relates to a trimmer, and more specifically, to a full-coverage obstacle-avoiding trimmer. Background Art

[0002] The weeds on the shoulders of roads and at the bottom of central isolation strips need to be dealt with regularly. Due to the influence of guardrails, traditional lawn mowers are not suitable for this working condition or have low operating efficiency. At present, such weeding operations are still mostly completed manually, and the safety of maintenance workers on the road is difficult to guarantee. At the same time, the labor intensity of the operation is high.

[0003] Most of the current obstacle avoidance mowers use a single disc or a combination of unit discs. The arm swings back to avoid the obstacle after the single disc touches the obstacle. Due to structural limitations, the bottom spacing of the guardrail is small, and the obstacle avoidance swing amplitude is large. The obstacle avoidance amplitude is large due to swinging back or rotating, or the unreasonable arrangement of the blade within the working range leads to a large missed cutting area. There are still certain limitations. The swinging and resetting process takes a certain amount of time and the machine is prone to shaking during the process, resulting in low operating efficiency and the inability to achieve efficient and stable obstacle avoidance pruning operations. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above shortcomings and provide a trimmer that can achieve full coverage trimming within the operating range of the trimmer through a transmission mechanism, and adopt an obstacle avoidance method that combines rotation and swinging back, with rotation as the main obstacle avoidance method and swinging back as an auxiliary obstacle avoidance method, to achieve stable trimming operations.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a trimmer, comprising a transmission mechanism, a cam mechanism, a frame, an arm and a swing mechanism; The transmission mechanism includes a power input shaft system, a main shaft shaft system, a slewing support and a plurality of cutter shaft systems; the power input shaft system is connected to the main shaft shaft system through a first flexible transmission component; the main shaft shaft system is connected to the cutter shaft system through a second flexible transmission component; The main shaft system is rotatably connected to the arm and the frame through a slewing support, and a cutter assembly and a cam that contacts and cooperates with the cam mechanism are provided on the main shaft system; a plurality of the cutter shaft systems are installed on the frame; One end of the arm connected to the slewing support is fixedly connected to the cam mechanism, and the other end away from the slewing support is hinged to the swing mechanism.

[0006] Furthermore, the first flexible transmission assembly includes a first transmission wheel arranged on the power input shaft system, an upper transmission wheel arranged on the main shaft shaft system, and a first transmission member wound around the first transmission wheel and the upper transmission wheel; the second flexible transmission assembly includes a middle transmission wheel arranged on the main shaft shaft system, a second transmission wheel arranged on the cutter shaft system, and a second transmission member wound around the middle transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel.

[0007] Furthermore, the power input shaft system also includes a power input device and a power input shaft, the power input device is installed on the arm through a power mounting support, the output shaft of the power input device is connected to the power input shaft, the power mounting support and the power input shaft are rotatably connected through a bearing, and a first transmission wheel is installed at the lower end of the power input shaft.

[0008] Furthermore, the power mounting support is connected to the arm through an oblong hole, and the position of the power mounting support (ie, the power input shaft system) relative to the arm can be adjusted by tightening bolts, thereby tightening the transmission member. The power input device can be a motor or an electric motor.

[0009] Furthermore, the spindle shaft system includes a central spindle, which is rotatably connected to an upper bearing support and a lower bearing support through bearings, the upper bearing support is installed on a slewing support, and the lower bearing support is installed on a frame; the cam is arranged outside the upper bearing support and is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction; an upper transmission wheel is installed at the upper end of the central spindle, a middle transmission wheel is installed in the middle, and a central cutter disc assembly is installed at the lower end.

[0010] Furthermore, the cutter shaft system includes a cutter shaft, which is rotatably connected to a cutter shaft bearing seat via a bearing, and the cutter shaft bearing seat is installed on a frame; a second transmission wheel is installed at the upper end of the cutter shaft, and a cutter disc assembly is installed at the lower end.

[0011] Furthermore, the cutter shaft bearing seat is connected to the frame body through an oblong hole, and the relative position of the cutter shaft system and the frame body can be adjusted by a tensioning bolt, thereby tensioning the transmission belt.

[0012] Furthermore, the first transmission member and the second transmission member are annular transmission belts, and the first transmission wheel, the upper transmission wheel, the middle transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel are pulleys.

[0013] Furthermore, the cam mechanism includes a flange frame fixedly connected to the arm, the flange frame is sleeved on the central spindle of the spindle axis system, and a plurality of guide rail columns are evenly arranged on the flange frame along the circumferential direction; a spring and a ejector pin are installed in the internal guide rail of the guide rail column, the ejector pin is arranged at one end of the guide rail column close to the central spindle, and contacts the cam during rotation, one end of the spring contacts the ejector pin, and the other end contacts the adjusting bolt.

[0014] Furthermore, the swing mechanism includes an articulated rotating structure, an energy storage mechanism and an energy storage mechanism mounting frame; one end of the articulated rotating structure is connected to the arm frame, and the other end is connected to the energy storage mechanism mounting frame; one end of the energy storage mechanism is connected to the arm frame, and the other end is connected to the energy storage mechanism mounting frame.

[0015] Furthermore, the energy storage mechanism is a spring, a gas spring or a shock absorber; when subjected to an external load (such as a frame colliding with a guardrail, etc., which produces a rotation tendency around the hinged rotating structure), the stored energy is compressed, and when the external load is cancelled (after bypassing the obstacle), the stored energy is released and reset; this design serves as an auxiliary obstacle avoidance form, and takes effect after the rotation obstacle avoidance fails, thereby improving the passability of the operation.

[0016] Furthermore, the frame is in a three-pronged shape, and the angle between each two adjacent forks is 120°; the slewing support is connected to the center of the frame, and the cutter shaft is arranged at the end of each fork.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention realizes full coverage pruning within the working range of the trimmer through a specific transmission mechanism, with high working efficiency and good working effect; through the combination of the transmission mechanism and the swing mechanism, an obstacle avoidance method combining rotation and swing is adopted, with rotation as the main obstacle avoidance method and swing as the auxiliary obstacle avoidance method, to realize stable pruning operation. The obstacle avoidance passability and working stability of the machine are improved, and it can adapt to more road conditions.

[0018] The full-coverage obstacle-avoiding trimmer within the working range of the machine provided by the present invention can be assembled on a road greening comprehensive maintenance vehicle to achieve efficient trimming of weeds around cylindrical columns such as the bottom of road guardrails and signboards. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a full-coverage obstacle-avoiding trimmer provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism described in the embodiment; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the power input shaft system described in the embodiment; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the main shaft system described in the embodiment; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cutter shaft system described in the embodiment; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the cam mechanism described in the embodiment; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the spring structure of the cam mechanism described in the embodiment; Figure 8It is a structural schematic diagram of the cam mechanism and the cam according to the embodiment; Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the swing mechanism described in the embodiment; Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the full coverage obstacle avoidance trimmer described in the embodiment for solving the problem of missed cutting areas and achieving full coverage.

[0020] In the figure: 1, transmission mechanism; 11, power input shaft system; 111, power input device; 112, motor support; 113, first bearing; 114, power input shaft; 115, first pulley; 116, first tensioning bolt; 117, first annular belt; 12, spindle shaft system; 121, upper pulley; 122, center spindle; 123, upper bearing support; 124, second bearing; 125, middle pulley; 126, lower bearing support; 127, center cutter head assembly; 128, cam; 13 , slewing support; 14, cutter shaft system; 141, second pulley; 142, cutter shaft; 143, cutter shaft bearing seat; 144, cutter disc assembly; 145, second annular belt; 146, third bearing; 147, second tensioning bolt; 2, cam mechanism; 21, flange frame; 22, guide column; 23, spring; 24, ejector pin; 25, adjusting bolt; 3, frame; 4, arm; 5, swing mechanism; 51, hinged slewing structure; 52, energy storage mechanism; 53, energy storage mechanism mounting frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific examples.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and the like are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", and the like may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0024] Example 1 This embodiment provides a full coverage obstacle avoidance trimmer, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a transmission mechanism 1, a cam mechanism 2, a frame 3, an arm 4 and a swing mechanism 5.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, the transmission mechanism includes a power input shaft system 11, a main shaft shaft system 12, a rotary support 13 and three cutter shaft systems 14; the power input shaft system 11 is connected to the main shaft shaft system 12 through a first flexible transmission component; the main shaft shaft system 12 is connected to the cutter shaft system 14 through a second flexible transmission component; the main shaft shaft system 12 is rotatably connected to the arm 4 and the frame 3 respectively through the rotary support 13; the cam mechanism 2 is sleeved on the central main shaft 122 of the main shaft shaft system 12, and the main shaft shaft system 12 is provided with a cutter assembly and a cam 128 that contacts and cooperates with the cam mechanism 2; the frame 3 is a three-pronged shape, and the angle between each two adjacent forks is 120°; the three cutter shaft systems 14 are respectively installed at the ends of the three forks of the frame 3; the end of the arm 4 connected to the rotary support 13 is fixedly connected to the cam mechanism 2, and the end away from the rotary support 13 is hinged to the swing mechanism 5.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the power input shaft system 11 also includes a power input device and a power input shaft 114, the power input device is installed on the boom 4 through a power mounting support, the output shaft of the power input device is connected to the power input shaft 114, the power mounting support and the power input shaft 114 are rotatably connected through a first bearing 113, a first transmission wheel is installed at the lower end of the power input shaft 114, and a first transmission member is wound around the first transmission wheel; the power mounting support is connected to the boom 4 through an oblong hole, and the position of the power mounting support (i.e., the power input shaft system 11) relative to the boom 4 can be adjusted by a tensioning bolt, thereby tensioning the first transmission member.

[0027] like Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the spindle shaft system 12 includes a central spindle 122, and the central spindle 122 is rotatably connected to an upper bearing support 123 and a lower bearing support 126 through a second bearing 124, the upper bearing support 123 is mounted on the slewing support 13, and the lower bearing support 126 is mounted on the frame 3; the cam 128 is arranged outside the upper bearing support 123 and is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction; the upper end of the central spindle 122 is installed with an upper transmission wheel, the middle part is installed with a middle transmission wheel, and the lower end is installed with a central cutter disc assembly 127. The upper transmission wheel is wound with a first transmission member for transmission connection with the power input shaft system 11, and the middle transmission wheel is wound with a second transmission member for transmission connection with the cutter shaft system 14.

[0028] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the cutter shaft system 14 includes a cutter shaft 142, and the cutter shaft 142 is rotatably connected to the cutter shaft bearing seat 143 through a third bearing 146, and the cutter shaft bearing seat 143 is installed on the frame 3; the second transmission wheel is installed at the upper end of the cutter shaft 142, and the cutter disc assembly 144 is installed at the lower end; a second transmission member is wound around the second transmission wheel for transmission connection with the main shaft system 12; the cutter shaft bearing seat 143 is connected to the frame 3 through an oblong hole, and the relative position of the cutter shaft system 14 and the frame 3 can be adjusted by a tensioning bolt, thereby tensioning the second transmission member.

[0029] like Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the cam mechanism 2 includes a flange frame 21 fixedly connected to the arm 4, the flange frame 21 is sleeved on the central spindle 122 of the spindle shaft system 12, and three guide rail columns 22 are evenly arranged on the flange frame 21 along the circumferential direction; a spring 23 and a ejector pin 24 are installed in the inner guide rail of the guide rail column 22, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 The ejector pin 24 is disposed at one end of the guide column 22 close to the central spindle 122 and contacts the cam 128 during the rotation process, as shown Figure 8 One end of the spring 23 contacts the ejector pin 24, and the other end contacts the adjusting bolt 25. The adjusting bolt 25 is used to adjust the compression amount of the spring 23.

[0030] like Fig. 9 As shown, in this embodiment, the swing mechanism 5 includes an articulated rotating structure 51, an energy storage mechanism 52 and an energy storage mechanism mounting frame 53; one end of the articulated rotating structure 51 is connected to the arm 4, and the other end is connected to the energy storage mechanism mounting frame 53; one end of the energy storage mechanism 52 is connected to the arm 4, and the other end is connected to the energy storage mechanism mounting frame 53.

[0031] Example 2 This embodiment provides a full-coverage obstacle avoidance trimmer, which further refines the technical solution based on Embodiment 1.

[0032] The flexible transmission component in this embodiment is a pulley and a transmission belt; the power input device is a motor 111.

[0033] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first flexible transmission assembly includes a first pulley 115 installed on the lower end of the power input shaft 114, an upper pulley 121 installed on the upper end of the central spindle 122, and a first annular belt 117 wound around the first pulley 115 and the upper pulley 121; the motor 111 is installed in the oblong hole on the arm 4 through the motor support 112, and the motor mounting hole is provided on the motor support 112. The position of the motor support 112 relative to the arm 4 is adjusted by the first tensioning bolt 116, thereby tensioning the first annular belt 117.

[0034] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the second flexible transmission assembly includes a middle pulley 125 mounted on the central main shaft 122, a second pulley 141 mounted on the upper end of the cutter shaft 142, and a second annular belt 145 wound around the middle pulley 125 and the second pulley 141. The relative position of the cutter shaft system 14 and the frame 3 can be adjusted by a second tensioning bolt 147, so as to tighten the second annular belt 145.

[0035] like Fig. 9 As shown, the energy storage mechanism 52 described in this embodiment is a gas spring. When the gas spring is compressed by an external load, the piston rod retracts and the internal inert gas is pressurized to store energy. When the external load is removed, the high internal pressure pushes the piston rod to its original position and resets it.

[0036] Example 3 This embodiment provides a specific implementation method and working principle of the full-coverage obstacle-avoiding trimmer described in Embodiment 1 or 2 in application, and describes in detail the functions achieved by the trimmer in various operations.

[0037] (1) Full coverage operation During operation, the motor support 112 is mounted on the arm 4, and a motor mounting hole or a motor mounting hole is provided on the motor support 112. The motor 111 is mounted vertically downward with the output shaft end, and the output shaft matches the upper end of the power input shaft 114. The power input shaft 114 is fixed in the motor support 112 through the first bearing 113. The motor 111 drives the power input shaft 114 to rotate, and a first pulley 115 is installed at the lower end of the power input shaft 114. A plurality of first annular belts 117 are installed on the first pulley 115. The power input shaft 114 drives the first pulley 115 to rotate, and the first pulley 115 drives the first annular belt 117 to transfer power to the upper pulley 121 of the main shaft system 12. The upper pulley 1 21 drives the central spindle 122 to rotate, and the central spindle 122 drives the middle belt pulley 125 to rotate, so that the three second annular belts 145 installed on the middle belt pulley 125 rotate, and at the same time, the central spindle 122 drives the lower end central cutter disc assembly 127 to rotate, so that the power transmission from the power input end to the central spindle 122 is completed; the subsequent power is transmitted to the three cutter shaft systems 14 by the three belts 1-4-5 respectively, driving the cutter shaft 142 to rotate, and finally driving the three cutter disc assemblies 144 to rotate, completing the power transmission from the central spindle 122 to the cutter shaft system 14, and realizing full coverage operation within the operating range of the machine. If there is no central cutter disc assembly 127, a missed cutting area will be generated. The full coverage and missed cutting areas are shown in the figure as follows Fig.10 .

[0038] (2) Rotational obstacle avoidance operation After the frame 3 collides with the road guardrail, it generates a tendency to rotate around the slewing support 13, that is, a tendency to rotate around the arm 4. At this time, the cam 128 outside the upper bearing support 123 rotates relative to the cam mechanism 2. It is known that the cam mechanism 2 cooperates with the cam 128 outside the upper bearing support 123. At this time, the rotation of the cam mechanism 2 will push the ejector pin 24 to compress the spring 23. After avoiding the obstacle, the compressed spring 23 and the ejector pin 24 are reset to complete a rotation obstacle avoidance process. During this process, the compression amount of the spring 23 can be adjusted according to the actual working conditions. Due to the pressure of the spring 23 and the ejector pin 24, the frame 3 can still remain stable when it does not collide with the guardrail or the weeds.

[0039] (3) Swing back to avoid obstacles When the rotation obstacle avoidance operation fails, the continued operation of the machine will cause great damage to the frame 3 and the arm 4, affecting the operation efficiency and safety. Therefore, the swing mechanism 5 is designed as a protection measure for the whole machine when the obstacle avoidance is stuck. The frame 3 collides with the guardrail to produce a rotation trend around the hinged rotating structure 51. The force is stored in the energy storage mechanism 52 and reset after bypassing the obstacle. What is special is that the swing mechanism 5, as an auxiliary obstacle avoidance form, works after the rotation obstacle avoidance fails, thereby improving the passability of the operation.

[0040] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Without departing from the scope and technical principles of the described embodiments, many modifications and changes are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art, and these modifications and changes should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A trimmer, characterized in that: It comprises a transmission mechanism (1), a cam mechanism (2), a frame (3), an arm (4) and a swing mechanism (5); The transmission mechanism (1) comprises a power input shaft system (11), a main shaft shaft system (12), a slewing support (13) and a plurality of cutter shaft systems (14); the power input shaft system (11) and the main shaft shaft system (12) are connected via a first flexible transmission component; the main shaft shaft system (12) and the cutter shaft system (14) are connected via a second flexible transmission component; The main shaft system (12) is rotatably connected to the arm (4) and the frame (3) through a slewing support (13), a cutter assembly and a cam (128) cooperating with the cam mechanism (2) are provided on the main shaft system (12), and a plurality of the cutter shaft systems (14) are mounted on the frame (3); One end of the arm (4) connected to the slewing support (13) is fixedly connected to the cam mechanism (2), and the other end away from the slewing support (13) is hinged to the swing mechanism (5).

2. The trimmer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first flexible transmission assembly comprises a first transmission wheel arranged on the power input shaft (114) system (11), an upper transmission wheel arranged on the main shaft system (12), and a first transmission member wound around the first transmission wheel and the upper transmission wheel; And / or, the second flexible transmission assembly comprises a middle transmission wheel arranged on the main shaft system (12), a second transmission wheel arranged on the cutter shaft system (14), and a second transmission member wound around the middle transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel.

3. The trimmer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power input shaft (114) system (11) further comprises a power input device and a power input shaft (114); the power input device is mounted on the arm (4) via a power mounting support; the output shaft of the power input device is connected to the power input shaft (114); the power mounting support is rotatably connected to the power input shaft (114); and a first transmission wheel is mounted on the lower end of the power input shaft (114).

4. The trimmer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spindle shaft system (12) comprises a central spindle (122), an upper bearing support (123) and a lower bearing support (126) being rotatably connected to the central spindle (122), the upper bearing support (123) being mounted on a slewing support (13), and the lower bearing support being mounted on a frame (3); the cam (128) is arranged outside the upper bearing support (123) and is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction; an upper transmission wheel is mounted on the upper end of the central spindle (122), a middle transmission wheel is mounted in the middle, and a central cutter disc assembly (127) is mounted on the lower end.

5. The trimmer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cutter shaft system (14) comprises a cutter shaft (142), the cutter shaft (142) is rotatably connected to a cutter shaft bearing seat (143), and the cutter shaft bearing seat (143) is mounted on a frame (3); a second transmission wheel is mounted on the upper end of the cutter shaft (142), and a cutter disc assembly (144) is mounted on the lower end.

6. The trimmer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first transmission member and the second transmission member are transmission belts, and the first transmission wheel, the upper transmission wheel, the middle transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel are pulleys.

7. The trimmer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cam mechanism (2) comprises a flange frame (21) fixedly connected to the arm frame (4), the flange frame (21) being sleeved on a central spindle (122) of a spindle shaft system (12), and a plurality of guide rail columns (22) being evenly arranged on the flange frame (21) along a circumferential direction; A spring (23) and a push pin (24) are installed in the inner guide rail of the guide rail column (22). The push pin (24) is arranged at one end of the guide rail column (22) close to the central spindle (122) and contacts the cam (128) during rotation. One end of the spring (23) contacts the push pin (24) and the other end contacts the adjusting bolt (25).

8. The trimmer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing mechanism (5) comprises a hinged swing structure (51), an energy storage mechanism (52) and an energy storage mechanism mounting frame (53); One end of the hinged rotary structure (51) is connected to the arm support (4), and the other end is connected to the energy storage mechanism mounting frame (53); One end of the energy storage mechanism (52) is connected to the arm support (4), and the other end is connected to the energy storage mechanism mounting frame (53).

9. The trimmer according to claim 8, characterized in that The energy storage mechanism (52) is a spring, a gas spring or a shock absorber.

10. The trimmer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (3) is in the shape of a three-pronged fork, and the angle between each two adjacent forks is 120°; the slewing support (13) is connected to the center of the frame (3), and the cutter shaft system (14) is arranged at the end of each fork.

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