Wheel end mechanism with variable speed ratio

Abstract

The invention discloses a variable-speed-ratio wheel end mechanism which is characterized by comprising an axle housing, a gear shifting mechanism, a shifting fork, a hub, a wheel bolt, a locking nut, a hub reduction gear assembly, a connecting piece, a small end cover, a first half shaft and a second half shaft. One end of the first half shaft is provided with a spline, and the other end is provided with a spline sleeve; the first half shaft is connected with the second half shaft through a spline housing; the second half shaft is a power input shaft; the hub reduction gear assembly is fixedly connected with the axle housing through a locking nut and a spline, the connecting piece is fixedly connected with the hub reduction gear 7, and the connecting piece and the hub reduction gear 7 rotate together; the small end cover is fixedly connected with the connecting piece; the gear shifting mechanism moves to drive the shifting fork, the shifting fork drives the first half shaft to move left and right, the first half shaft changes between the hub reduction gear and the connecting piece, and therefore the wheel end speed ratio changes. The structure is simple, the gear shifting mechanism drives the first half shaft to move left and right, and the wheel end speed ratio is changed under the condition that it is guaranteed that power transmission is not disconnected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle axles with wheel-side reducers, in particular to a wheel end mechanism with a variable speed ratio. Background Art

[0002] Currently, axles with pulley-side reduction gears are widely used in engineering and logistics transportation, and they perform well in terms of load-bearing capacity and trafficability. However, traditional axles with pulley-side reduction gears have a large axle speed ratio. Under heavy loads, they can output high torque and improve vehicle dynamics. When the vehicle is unloaded, traditional axles with pulley-side reduction gears experience wheel-side reduction gearing, resulting in low transmission efficiency and high fuel consumption, which is a pain point for axles with pulley-side reduction gears. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned existing technologies and provide a wheel end mechanism with a variable speed ratio, which mainly solves the problems of low transmission efficiency and high fuel consumption of existing pulley-side reducer axles when high-speed operation is required.

[0004] The technical solution provided by the present invention is: a wheel end mechanism with a variable speed ratio, which is special in that it includes an axle housing, a shift mechanism, a shift fork, a wheel hub, wheel bolts, a locking nut, a wheel side reducer assembly, a coupling, a small end cover, a first half shaft and a second half shaft; The first half shaft is provided with a spline at one end and a spline sleeve at the other end; the first half shaft is connected to the second half shaft through the spline sleeve; the second half shaft is a power input shaft; The wheel-side reducer assembly consists of a wheel-side reducer housing, a ring gear assembly, a planet carrier, planetary gears, a needle roller bearing, a planetary gear shaft, and a sun gear; the planetary gears are arranged on the planetary gear shaft, and a needle roller bearing is arranged between the two; a planet carrier is arranged at one end of the planetary gear shaft, and a wheel-side reducer housing is arranged at the other end, and the planet carrier and the wheel-side reducer housing are fixedly connected; a ring gear assembly is arranged on the outside of the planetary gear, and a sun gear is arranged on the inside; The axle housing is provided with a shift mechanism; a groove is provided in the spline sleeve of the first half-shaft, which is connected to the shift mechanism via a shift fork, and the first half-shaft moves left and right with the shift mechanism; the first half-shaft is connected to the sun gear of the wheel-side reducer assembly via a spline; the first half-shaft is connected to the connecting member via a spline; a bearing is provided on the wheel hub, which is connected to the axle housing via the bearing; the wheel hub is connected to the wheel-side reducer housing via wheel bolts, and the wheel-side reducer housing rotates together with the wheel hub; The ring gear assembly of the wheel-side reducer assembly is fixedly connected to the bridge housing through a locking nut and a spline, and the locking nut fixes the axial movement of the ring gear assembly; the connecting piece is fixedly connected to the wheel-side reducer housing of the wheel-side reducer, and the two rotate together; the small end cover is fixedly connected to the connecting piece.

[0005] Furthermore, the shift mechanism is composed of a cylinder head, a piston, a spring, a body, a sensor, and a pin; a hole is provided on the cylinder head to facilitate the entry of air pressure or liquid, and the cylinder head is fixedly connected to the body; a piston is provided on the cylinder head, and a spring is provided on the piston. The piston moves along the cylinder head and compresses the spring during the movement; a pin is provided on the piston, and the pin fixedly connects the piston to the shift fork; a sensor is provided on the body.

[0006] Furthermore, there are 3-5 planetary gear axles.

[0007] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. The shift mechanism moves to drive the shift fork, which in turn drives the first half-shaft to move left and right, achieving the change of the first half-shaft's position between the wheel-side reducer and the coupling, thereby achieving the change of the wheel-end speed ratio; the first half-shaft and the second half-shaft are connected by a spline sleeve. When the first half-shaft moves left and right, the first and second half-shafts are always connected; 2. The structure is simple. The first half shaft is driven to move left and right through the shift mechanism, and the wheel end speed ratio is changed while ensuring that the power transmission is not interrupted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the first semi-axle of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the shift mechanism of the present invention.

[0009] In the figure: 1 bridge housing, 2 shift mechanism, 2.1 cylinder head, 2.2 piston, 2.3 spring, 2.4 body, 2.5 sensor, 2.6 pin, 3 shift fork, 4 wheel hub, 5 wheel bolt, 6 locking nut, 7 wheel side reducer assembly, 7.1 wheel side reducer housing, 7.2 ring gear assembly, 7.3 planetary carrier, 7.4 planetary gear, 7.5 needle roller bearing, 7.6 planetary gear shaft, 7.7 sun gear, 8 connecting piece, 9 small end cover, 10 first half shaft, 11 second half shaft, 12 spline, 13 spline sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] For better understanding and implementation, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0011] like Figure 1 、 2 , 3, a variable speed ratio wheel end mechanism, including an axle housing 1, a shift mechanism 2, a shift fork 3, a wheel hub 4, wheel bolts 5, a locking nut 6, a wheel side reducer assembly 7, a coupling 8, a small end cover 9, a first half shaft 10, and a second half shaft 11; A spline 12 is provided at one end of the first half-shaft 10 and a spline sleeve 13 is provided at the other end. The first half-shaft 10 is connected to the second half-shaft 11 through the spline sleeve 13. The second half-shaft 11 is a power input shaft. The wheel reducer assembly 7 consists of a wheel reducer housing 7.1, a ring gear assembly 7.2, a planet carrier 7.3, planetary gears 7.4, a needle roller bearing 7.5, a planetary shaft 7.6, and a sun gear 7.7. Planetary gears 7.4 are mounted on the planetary shaft 7.6, with a needle roller bearing 7.5 between them. Planetary carrier 7.3 is mounted on one end of the planetary shaft 7.6, and the wheel reducer housing 7.1 is mounted on the other end. There are generally three to five planetary shafts 7.6. Planetary carrier 7.3 and wheel reducer housing 7.1 are fixedly connected by bolts. Ring gear assembly 7.2 is mounted on the outside of planetary gears 7.4, and sun gear 7.7 is mounted on the inside. The shift mechanism 2 is arranged on the axle housing 1. The shift mechanism 2 consists of a cylinder head 2.1, a piston 2.2, a spring 2.3, a body 2.4, a sensor 2.5, and a pin 2.6. The cylinder head 2.1 is provided with a hole to facilitate the entry of air pressure or liquid. The cylinder head 2.1 and the body 2.4 are fixedly connected by bolts. The piston 2.2 is mounted on the cylinder head 2.1, and the spring 2.3 is mounted on the piston 2.2. The piston 2.2 reciprocates along the cylinder head 2.1, compressing the spring 2.3 during movement. The pin 2.6 is mounted on the piston 2.2, and the piston 2.2 is fixedly connected to the shift fork 3 via the pin 2.6. The sensor 2.5 is mounted on the body 2.4 to facilitate sensing the movement of the shift mechanism 2. A groove is provided in the spline sleeve 13 of the first half-shaft 10, which is connected to the shift fork 3 and the shift mechanism 2 via the shift fork 3. The first half-shaft 10 moves left and right with the shift mechanism 2. The first half-shaft 10 is connected to the sun gear 7.7 of the wheel-side reducer assembly 7 via a spline. The first half-shaft 10 is connected to the coupling 8 via a spline. A bearing is installed on the wheel hub 4 and connected to the axle housing 1 via the bearing. The wheel hub 4 is connected to the wheel-side reducer housing 7.1 via wheel bolts 5. The wheel-side reducer housing 7.1 rotates with the wheel hub 4. The ring gear assembly 7.2 of the wheel-side reducer assembly 7 is fixedly connected to the bridge housing 1 through the locking nut 6 and the spline, and the locking nut 6 fixes the axial movement of the ring gear assembly 7.2; the connecting piece 8 is fixedly connected to the wheel-side reducer housing 7.1 of the wheel-side reducer 7 through bolts, and the two can rotate together; the small end cover 9 is fixedly connected to the connecting piece 8 through bolts.

[0012] In a variable speed ratio wheel end mechanism of the present invention, gas or liquid enters the cylinder head 2.1 through a hole on the cylinder head 2.1, pushing the piston 2.2 to move leftward along the inner hole of the cylinder head 2.1. The piston 2.2 and the shift fork 3 are connected together by a pin 2.6, and the two move leftward together, compressing the spring 2.3. The movement is completed until the piston 2.2 contacts the body 2.4. At the same time, the shift fork 3 contacts the sensor 2.5, sending a signal that the movement is complete. After the gas or liquid is discharged from the cylinder head 2.1, the piston 2.2 moves rightward under the action of the spring 2.3 until the piston 2.2 contacts the cylinder head 2.1, completing the rightward movement. At the same time, the shift fork 3 and the sensor 2.5 no longer contact each other, and the signal is reset. The shift mechanism 2 moves leftward, driving the shift fork 3, which drives the first half shaft 10 to move leftward. The first half shaft 10 is separated from the sun gear 7.7 and connected to the connecting member 7 through the spline.

[0013] Power transmission: The torque transmitted by the second spline 11 is transmitted to the connecting member 8 through the first half shaft 10, and the connecting member 8 is transmitted to the wheel side reducer housing 7.7. The wheel side reducer housing 7.7 transmits the torque to the wheel hub 4 through the wheel bolts 5, driving the vehicle to move; At this time, the wheel-side reducer housing 7.7 drives the planetary gear shaft 7.6 to rotate; since the ring gear assembly 7.2 is fixed to the bridge housing 1, the planetary gear 7.4 on the planetary gear shaft 7.6 rotates around the planetary gear shaft 7.6 while rolling on the ring gear assembly 7.2. The rotation of the planetary gear 7.4 drives the sun gear 7.7 to rotate, and the sun gear 7.7 rotates on the first half shaft 10. The entire wheel-side reducer assembly is in an idling state, and the wheel-side speed ratio is 1; The first half shaft 10 and the second half shaft 11 are connected by a spline sleeve. When the first half shaft 10 moves to the left, the first half shaft 10 and the second half shaft 11 are always connected; the power transmission is not interrupted; When the shift mechanism 2 moves to the right, the shift fork 3 drives the first half shaft 10 to move to the right. The first half shaft 10 is disengaged from the coupling 8 and connected to the sun gear 7.7 via a spline. The sun gear 7.7 drives the planetary gears 7.4. The planetary gears 7.4 rotate around their respective planetary gear shafts 7.6. At the same time, the planetary gears 7.4 also roll on the fixed ring gear assembly 7.2. Since the planetary gear shafts 7.6 are fixed to the wheel side reducer housing 7.1, the wheel side reducer housing 7.1 is driven to rotate, and finally the power is transmitted to the wheel hub 4. At this time, the wheel end speed ratio is the wheel side reducer assembly speed ratio, thereby improving the wheel side speed ratio. During this process, the first half-shaft 10 and the second half-shaft 11 are connected through the spline sleeve. When the first half-shaft 10 moves right, the first half-shaft 10 and the second half-shaft 11 are always connected; the power transmission is not interrupted.

[0014] The present invention provides a variable speed ratio wheel end mechanism, and its working principle is as follows: gas or liquid enters the cylinder head 2.1 through the hole on the cylinder head 2.1, pushing the piston 2.2 to move to the left along the inner hole of the cylinder head 2.1. The piston 2.2 and the shift fork 3 also move to the left, and at the same time compress the spring 2.3. The movement is completed when the piston 2.2 moves to the left and contacts the body 2.4. At the same time, the shift fork 3 contacts the sensor 2.5 and sends a signal that the movement is completed. After the gas or liquid is discharged from the cylinder head 2.1, the piston 2.2 moves to the right under the action of the spring 2.3 until the piston 2.2 contacts the cylinder head 2.1, and the right movement is completed. At the same time, the shift fork 3 no longer contacts the sensor 2.5, and the signal is reset.

[0015] When the vehicle is fully loaded, the entire wheel end is in Figure 1 In this state, the first half-shaft 10 is connected to the wheel-side reducer 7 through a spline. At this time, the wheel-side reducer assembly 7 reduces speed and increases torque, and the entire wheel end outputs high torque at low speed, meeting the power requirements of the entire vehicle. When the vehicle is unloaded, the shift mechanism 2 drives the shift fork 3 to move to the left, and the shift fork 3 drives the first half-shaft 10 to move to the left. The first half-shaft 10 is disengaged from the wheel-side reducer 7, and then connected to the connecting member 8 through a spline. At this time, the first half-shaft 10 and the second half-shaft 11 are connected through a spline sleeve, and power transmission is not interrupted. Power is transmitted to the wheel hub 4 through the second half-shaft 11, the first half-shaft 10, and the connecting member 8, and finally the power is output. There is no speed ratio change during this power transmission process, and the transmission efficiency is improved.

[0016] It should be understood that all technical features not elaborated in detail in this specification belong to the prior art. Although the embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. The above-mentioned specific embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. A person of ordinary skill in the art can, under the guidance of the present invention, make more forms without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims, and all of these fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wheel end mechanism with a variable speed ratio, characterized in that: It comprises a bridge housing (1), a shift mechanism (2), a shift fork (3), a wheel hub (4), a wheel bolt (5), a locking nut (6), a wheel side reducer assembly (7), a connecting piece (8), a small end cover (9), a first half shaft (10) and a second half shaft (11); One end of the first half shaft (10) is provided with a spline (12), and the other end is provided with a spline sleeve (13); the first half shaft (10) is connected to the second half shaft (11) via the spline sleeve (13); the second half shaft (11) is a power input shaft; The wheel reducer assembly (7) is composed of a wheel reducer housing (7.1), a ring gear assembly (7.2), a planet carrier (7.3), a planetary gear (7.4), a needle roller bearing (7.5), a planetary gear shaft (7.6), and a sun gear (7.7); the planetary gear (7.4) is arranged on the planetary gear shaft (7.6), and a needle roller bearing (7.5) is arranged between the two; the planet carrier (7.3) is arranged at one end of the planetary gear shaft (7.6), and the wheel reducer housing (7.1) is arranged at the other end; the planet carrier (7.3) and the wheel reducer housing (7.1) are fixedly connected; the ring gear assembly (7.2) is arranged on the outer side of the planetary gear (7.4), and the sun gear (7.7) is arranged on the inner side; The axle housing (1) is provided with a shift mechanism (2); a groove is provided in the spline sleeve (13) of the first half shaft (10), which is connected to the shift mechanism (2) via a shift fork (3), and the first half shaft (10) moves left and right along with the shift mechanism (2); the first half shaft (10) is connected to the sun gear (7.7) of the wheel side reducer assembly (7) via a spline; the first half shaft (10) is connected to the connecting member (8) via a spline; a bearing is provided on the wheel hub (4), and is connected to the axle housing (1) via the bearing; the wheel hub (4) is connected to the wheel side reducer housing (7.1) via wheel bolts (5), and the wheel side reducer housing (7.1) rotates along with the wheel hub (4); The ring gear assembly (7.2) of the wheel-side reducer assembly (7) is fixedly connected to the bridge housing (1) via a locking nut (6) and a spline, and the locking nut (6) fixes the axial movement of the ring gear assembly (7.2); the connecting piece (8) is fixedly connected to the wheel-side reducer housing (7.1) of the wheel-side reducer (7), and the two rotate together; the small end cover (9) is fixedly connected to the connecting piece (8).

2. A variable speed ratio wheel end mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shift mechanism (2) is composed of a cylinder head (2.1), a piston (2.2), a spring (2.3), a body (2.4), a sensor (2.5), and a pin (2.6); a hole is provided on the cylinder head (2.1) to facilitate the entry of air pressure or liquid, and the cylinder head (2.1) is fixedly connected to the body (2.4); a piston (2.2) is provided on the cylinder head (2.1), a spring (2.3) is provided on the piston (2.2), the piston (2.2) reciprocates along the cylinder head (2.1), and the spring (2.3) is compressed during the movement; a pin (2.6) is provided on the piston (2.2), and the pin (2.6) fixedly connects the piston (2.2) to the shift fork (3); and a sensor (2.5) is provided on the body (2.4).

3. A variable speed ratio wheel end mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are 3 to 5 planetary gear shafts (7.6).

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