Coal mine auxiliary shaft suspension automatic early warning system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mining machinery automation, in particular to a coal mine auxiliary shaft suspension automatic early warning system which comprises a suspension device module, a balance oil cylinder monitoring module, an oil cylinder dynamic balance analysis module, an automatic adjustment and correction module, a wireless data transmission module and an upper computer monitoring alarm module. Wherein the suspension device module is used for connecting a steel wire rope and a cage; the balance oil cylinder monitoring module is used for monitoring stroke and pressure data of an oil cylinder in real time; the oil cylinder dynamic balance analysis module is used for analyzing whether the abnormal condition of insufficient stroke or pressure unbalance exists or not; and the automatic adjusting and correcting module is used for correcting the stroke and pressure of the oil cylinder to avoid the phenomenon of dead cylinder. According to the auxiliary shaft lifting system, the synchronism and pressure balance of the lifting system are achieved through real-time monitoring, dynamic analysis and automatic adjustment of the stroke and pressure of the oil cylinder, early warning is conducted in time when abnormity occurs, and the safety and operation stability of the auxiliary shaft lifting system are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mine machinery automation, and in particular to an automatic early warning system suspended in a coal mine auxiliary shaft. Background Art

[0002] The auxiliary shaft hoisting system of a coal mine is a key component in the mine transportation operation. It is responsible for transporting personnel, materials and equipment. The safety of its operation is directly related to the stability of mine production. The suspension device and cylinder system in the auxiliary shaft hoisting system need to maintain a high degree of synchronization and balance during operation to ensure the smooth operation of the cage hoisting. However, with the extension of the operating time, the balancing cylinder in the suspension system is prone to stroke asynchrony or pressure imbalance. This unbalanced state may cause uneven force on the wire rope. In severe cases, it may cause the cage to tilt or even damage the equipment, posing a major safety hazard. Therefore, the development of real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment systems for the auxiliary shaft suspension device becomes particularly important.

[0003] Existing technical monitoring methods lack systematic and high-precision solutions for real-time monitoring, analysis and adjustment of cylinder stroke and pressure. Especially in hydraulic systems, due to pressure imbalance and asynchronous stroke between cylinders, "dead cylinder" phenomenon may occur, that is, the cylinder loses power or cannot work normally, which directly affects the safety and efficiency of the lifting system. In addition, the existing system does not respond to abnormal situations in a timely manner, and cannot automatically adjust and trigger alarms when pressure imbalance or stroke abnormality occurs, resulting in the operator's failure to intervene in time. Therefore, it is particularly necessary to design a system that can monitor and analyze the working status of the cylinder in real time and has automatic adjustment and early warning functions. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on the above purpose, the present invention provides a coal mine auxiliary shaft suspension automatic early warning system.

[0005] An automatic early warning system for suspension of a coal mine auxiliary shaft includes a suspension device module, a balancing oil cylinder monitoring module, an oil cylinder dynamic balance analysis module, an automatic adjustment correction module, a wireless data transmission module and an upper computer monitoring and alarm module; wherein:

[0006] Suspension device module: installed in the auxiliary shaft hoisting system, used to connect the wire rope and the cage, support the cage and ensure that it remains balanced during the hoisting process;

[0007] Balance cylinder monitoring module: It is deployed on the balance cylinder of the suspension device and is equipped with a stroke sensor and a pressure sensor to monitor the stroke and pressure data of the cylinder in real time and transmit the monitoring data to the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module;

[0008] Cylinder dynamic balance analysis module: receives the stroke and pressure data from the balance cylinder monitoring module, analyzes whether there are abnormal conditions such as insufficient stroke or pressure imbalance by comparing the stroke synchronization and pressure balance of multiple cylinders, and generates balance analysis results;

[0009] Automatic adjustment and correction module: According to the balance analysis results provided by the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module, the flow control valve and pressure control valve in the hydraulic system are automatically adjusted to correct the stroke and pressure of the cylinder to avoid the occurrence of dead cylinder phenomenon;

[0010] Wireless data transmission module: Through 5G communication technology, all data from the balancing cylinder monitoring module, the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module, and the automatic adjustment correction module are transmitted to the host computer in the ground monitoring room;

[0011] Upper computer monitoring and alarm module: Located in the ground monitoring room, it is used to receive and display data from the balancing cylinder monitoring module, the cylinder dynamic balancing analysis module and the automatic adjustment and correction module to monitor the system operation status in real time; and when an abnormal situation that cannot be automatically corrected is detected, it triggers an audible and visual alarm to prompt the operator to intervene manually.

[0012] Optionally, the suspension device module includes a connection unit, a support unit and a balance maintaining unit; wherein:

[0013] Connection unit: used to fix the steel wire rope in the auxiliary shaft hoisting system to the top of the cage, and connected to the end of the steel wire rope by using a mechanical buckle structure; the connection unit also includes a pre-tightening device, which is used to dynamically adjust the connection strength during operation to prevent lifting instability caused by looseness;

[0014] Support unit: It includes a support frame and a load-bearing part. The support frame is installed on the top of the cage to bear the vertical load from the cage and evenly transfer the weight to the suspension system through the fixed point; the load-bearing part is connected to the cage structure to evenly distribute the weight of the cage;

[0015] Balance maintaining unit: includes a regulator and a balance sensor. The balance sensor is installed between the support unit and the bottom of the cage to detect the tilt angle of the cage in real time and transmit the data to the regulator. The regulator is used to dynamically adjust the force of the wire rope at each connection point according to the tilt data to ensure that the cage has a stable posture during the entire lifting process.

[0016] Optionally, the balancing oil cylinder monitoring module includes a stroke monitoring unit and a pressure monitoring unit; wherein:

[0017] Stroke monitoring unit: It is deployed on the outer wall of the balancing cylinder of the suspension device through a fixed bracket and is equipped with a linear displacement stroke sensor to monitor the displacement change of the cylinder piston rod in real time, capture the actual stroke data of the cylinder, and transmit the data to the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module;

[0018] Pressure monitoring unit: includes a pressure sensor installed inside the hydraulic cavity of the balancing cylinder, which is used to monitor the hydraulic pressure inside the cylinder in real time. By measuring the instantaneous pressure changes of the hydraulic system, the working pressure data of the cylinder under different working conditions is obtained, and the pressure data is transmitted to the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module.

[0019] Optionally, the oil cylinder dynamic balance analysis module includes a data receiving unit, a synchronization analysis unit, a pressure balance analysis unit and a balance result generation unit; wherein:

[0020] Data receiving unit: connected to the balance cylinder monitoring module, used to receive the stroke and pressure data transmitted in real time by the stroke monitoring unit and the pressure monitoring unit, and classify and mark the stroke and pressure data of each cylinder according to its number, to ensure that the data of each cylinder matches the corresponding analysis unit;

[0021] Synchronicity analysis unit: used to compare the stroke data of each cylinder longitudinally. By analyzing the stroke changes of the same cylinder at different times, it is determined whether the stroke during operation is consistent with the set standard, and the stroke synchronization is compared with other cylinders to identify whether there is an abnormal situation of insufficient stroke or asynchronous stroke.

[0022] Pressure balance analysis unit: used to compare the pressure data of multiple cylinders horizontally, analyze their pressure balance by comparing the pressure distribution between different cylinders at the same time, and determine whether there is pressure imbalance or abnormal pressure fluctuation;

[0023] Balance result generation unit: Based on the analysis results of the comprehensive synchronization analysis unit and the pressure balance analysis unit, a dynamic balance analysis report is generated according to the preset stroke synchronization threshold and pressure balance standard, and transmitted to the automatic adjustment correction module.

[0024] Optionally, the synchronization analysis unit specifically includes:

[0025] Stroke change collection: first receive the stroke data of each cylinder transmitted by the data receiving unit, and collect the stroke change values ​​of each cylinder at different times on the time axis; set the time t1, t2, t3...tn, and record the stroke value L of cylinder i at each time i (t1),L i (t2),…,L i (tn), used for subsequent analysis;

[0026] Stroke standard comparison: By comparing the stroke change value of cylinder i at different times with the preset stroke threshold L standard (t), determine whether the cylinder has insufficient stroke or deviates from the set standard during operation; let the stroke deviation be ΔL i (t), the specific calculation formula is: ΔL i (t) = L i (t)-L standard (t); if ΔL i (t) Exceeding the preset travel threshold L standard (t), it is determined that the cylinder i has an abnormal situation of insufficient stroke or stroke deviation from the standard;

[0027] Stroke synchronization comparison: Perform synchronization analysis on the stroke data of multiple cylinders at the same time. Specifically, for cylinder i and cylinder j, calculate their stroke difference ΔL at time t. ij (t), which is calculated as:

[0028] ΔL ij (t)=|L i (t)-L j (t)|, if ΔL ij (t) Exceeds the preset synchronicity threshold ΔL sync_threshold When , it is determined that the strokes of cylinder i and cylinder j at this moment are not synchronized;

[0029] Synchronicity analysis result generation: Based on the longitudinal and transverse comparison results of all cylinder stroke data, a synchronization analysis report is generated to mark cylinders with insufficient stroke, stroke deviation and asynchronous stroke.

[0030] Optionally, the pressure balance analysis unit specifically includes:

[0031] Pressure data acquisition: Receive the pressure data of multiple cylinders at the same time from the data receiving unit, and record the pressure value of the cylinder numbered i at time t, recorded as P i (t), where i represents the number of the oil cylinder and t represents the time point;

[0032] Pressure difference calculation: compare the pressure of multiple cylinders at the same time horizontally and calculate the pressure difference ΔP between every two cylinders ij (t); if the pressure difference ΔP ij (t) Exceeds the preset pressure equalization threshold ΔP threshold When , it is determined that there is an imbalance in the pressure between cylinder i and cylinder j;

[0033] Pressure fluctuation detection: The pressure data of each cylinder is analyzed longitudinally at different time points to detect the pressure fluctuation of the same cylinder; the pressure change rate R of the cylinder numbered i at time t and the previous time t-1 is calculated. i (t); if the pressure change rate R i (t) Exceeds the preset pressure fluctuation threshold R threshold , it is determined that the cylinder has abnormal pressure fluctuation at this moment.

[0034] Optionally, the balance result generating unit specifically includes:

[0035] Comprehensive balance evaluation: Based on the analysis results of stroke synchronization and pressure balance, the overall balance evaluation index of the system is calculated using the following formula: Among them, E system Represents the overall dynamic balance evaluation index of the system, ΔL i (t) represents the stroke deviation of cylinder i, n is the number of cylinders in the system, ΔP ij (t) represents the pressure difference between cylinder i and cylinder j, N is the number of cylinder pairs, α and β are the stroke and pressure weight coefficients; if E system If the preset balance threshold is exceeded, the system determines that the whole is unbalanced;

[0036] Generate dynamic balance analysis report: Generate a dynamic balance analysis report based on the results of the comprehensive balance evaluation. The analysis report includes the stroke synchronization and pressure balance analysis results of each cylinder and the overall balance state of the system, and marks any existing anomalies. The analysis report will clearly mark the specific cylinders and locations with asynchronous stroke or pressure imbalance.

[0037] Optionally, the automatic adjustment and correction module includes a flow adjustment unit, a pressure adjustment unit and a feedback control unit; wherein:

[0038] Flow regulating unit: used to receive the stroke synchronization analysis results provided by the balancing result generating unit. When it is detected that the stroke deviation of a cylinder exceeds the preset threshold, the flow regulating unit will automatically control the flow regulating valve of the corresponding cylinder to adjust the flow of hydraulic oil entering the cylinder to restore it to the preset stroke range. Suppose the flow adjustment amount is Q i (t), the calculation formula is: Q i (t) = K L ×ΔL i (t), where Q i (t) represents the hydraulic oil flow entering cylinder i at time t, K L is the flow regulation coefficient, ΔL i (t) is the stroke deviation of cylinder i at time t;

[0039] Pressure regulating unit: used to detect the pressure difference ΔP between cylinder i and cylinder j according to the pressure balance analysis result provided by the balance result generating unit ij (t) Whether it exceeds the preset threshold; when the pressure is unbalanced, the pressure regulating unit will control the pressure regulating valve; set the pressure adjustment amount as ΔP i (t), the calculation formula is: ΔP i (t) = K P ×ΔP ij (t), where ΔP i (t) represents the pressure adjustment amount of cylinder i at time t, K P is the pressure regulation coefficient;

[0040] Feedback control unit: used to receive the adjusted stroke and pressure data in real time and determine whether readjustment is needed; if the adjusted stroke or pressure still does not reach the preset standard, the feedback control unit will continue to issue adjustment instructions until the stroke synchronization and pressure balance return to normal.

[0041] Optionally, the wireless data transmission module includes a data acquisition unit, a 5G communication unit, a data encryption unit and a data verification unit; wherein:

[0042] Data acquisition unit: used to receive real-time data from the balance cylinder monitoring module, the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module and the automatic adjustment correction module; and to organize and package the collected stroke data, pressure data and adjustment instruction data according to the set priority;

[0043] 5G communication unit: used for data transmission through the 5G network, and transmits the collected data from the underground to the ground monitoring room; the 5G communication unit includes a transmitting module and a receiving module, wherein the transmitting module is installed at the underground equipment end, and the receiving module is set in the ground monitoring room, and is used to receive the transmitted stroke, pressure and adjustment data;

[0044] Data encryption unit: used to encrypt all transmitted data. The encryption process adopts the advanced encryption standard algorithm to encrypt the stroke, pressure and adjustment data layer by layer to ensure that the data will not be intercepted or tampered with during the transmission process;

[0045] Data verification unit: During the data transmission process, it is used to perform integrity verification on the transmitted data packets and detect data loss or damage during the transmission process. Specifically, a verification code is attached to each data packet to confirm whether the data packet arrives at the receiving end intact and accurately.

[0046] Optionally, the host computer monitoring alarm module includes a display unit, an abnormality detection unit, an audible and visual alarm unit, and a manual intervention prompt unit; wherein:

[0047] Display unit: used to display the received data in real time on the monitoring screen. The stroke, pressure and adjustment status are presented in graphical interfaces respectively, which is convenient for operators to quickly understand the current operating status of the system. When an abnormal situation is detected, the abnormal position is highlighted with a red mark;

[0048] Abnormality detection unit: used to continuously monitor and analyze the received data to determine whether there are abnormal conditions that cannot be corrected by the automatic adjustment and correction module; compare the stroke and pressure of each cylinder according to the stroke synchronization threshold and the pressure balance threshold. If the deviation is found to exceed the preset range and the adjustment and correction module cannot return to normal within the specified time, it will be immediately determined as an uncorrectable abnormality;

[0049] Sound and light alarm unit: When the abnormality detection unit determines that an abnormality that cannot be automatically corrected occurs, the sound and light alarm unit automatically activates the alarm mechanism and triggers the alarm to emit a sound and light alarm; the sound and light alarm signal will notify the operator through the buzzer and red indicator light on the scene, and the alarm unit will highlight the specific abnormal location and related data on the display screen at the same time, prompting the operator to intervene manually in time;

[0050] Manual intervention prompt unit: After the sound and light alarm is triggered, it is used to generate abnormal information and fault location on the host computer interface, and provide corresponding processing suggestions, including cylinder adjustment measures, stroke or pressure adjustment plans, to help operators intervene quickly.

[0051] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0052] The present invention realizes real-time monitoring, analysis and automatic adjustment of the cylinder stroke and pressure in the auxiliary well lifting system by introducing a balancing cylinder monitoring module, a cylinder dynamic balance analysis module, an automatic adjustment correction module and a wireless data transmission module, and can effectively solve the dead cylinder problem caused by asynchronous cylinder stroke and unbalanced pressure. The system can accurately calculate and analyze the operating status of the cylinder based on the collected data, timely discover abnormalities and automatically adjust the flow regulating valve and the pressure regulating valve in the hydraulic system, so as to ensure the synchronization of the cylinder and the stability of the pressure during the lifting process, thereby improving the safety and operation efficiency of the auxiliary well lifting system.

[0053] The present invention can monitor the operating status of the entire system in real time through the upper computer monitoring alarm module, and trigger an audible and visual alarm when an abnormal situation is detected that cannot be automatically corrected, prompting the operator to perform manual intervention. This not only improves the speed of abnormal detection and response, but also significantly reduces the downtime and equipment damage risk caused by faults, further enhancing the reliability of the system and the safety of mine production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only for the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0055] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of an automatic early warning system for a coal mine auxiliary shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a cylinder dynamic balance analysis module according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. At the same time, it is explained here that in order to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art may also adopt other alternatives to implement some known technologies; and the accompanying drawings are only for more specific description of the embodiments, and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0058] It should be noted that the references to "one embodiment", "an embodiment", "an exemplary embodiment", "some embodiments" and the like in the specification indicate that the embodiments described may include specific features, structures or characteristics, but not every embodiment may include the specific features, structures or characteristics. In addition, when a specific feature, structure or characteristic is described in conjunction with an embodiment, it should be within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art to implement such feature, structure or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments (whether or not explicitly described).

[0059] In general, a term can be understood, at least in part, from its use in context. For example, depending, at least in part, on the context, the term "one or more" as used herein can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in the singular sense, or can be used to describe a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in the plural sense. Additionally, the term "based on" can be understood as not necessarily intended to convey an exclusive set of factors, but can instead, depending, at least in part, on the context, allow for the presence of other factors that are not necessarily explicitly described.

[0060] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, an automatic early warning system for suspension of a coal mine auxiliary shaft includes a suspension device module, a balancing oil cylinder monitoring module, an oil cylinder dynamic balance analysis module, an automatic adjustment correction module, a wireless data transmission module and a host computer monitoring and alarm module; wherein:

[0061] Suspension device module: installed in the auxiliary shaft hoisting system, used to connect the wire rope and the cage, support the cage and ensure that it remains balanced during the hoisting process;

[0062] Balance cylinder monitoring module: It is deployed on the balance cylinder of the suspension device and is equipped with a stroke sensor and a pressure sensor to monitor the stroke and pressure data of the cylinder in real time and transmit the monitoring data to the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module;

[0063] Cylinder dynamic balance analysis module: receives the stroke and pressure data from the balance cylinder monitoring module, analyzes whether there are abnormal conditions such as insufficient stroke or pressure imbalance by comparing the stroke synchronization and pressure balance of multiple cylinders, and generates balance analysis results;

[0064] Automatic adjustment and correction module: According to the balance analysis results provided by the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module, the flow control valve and pressure control valve in the hydraulic system are automatically adjusted to correct the stroke and pressure of the cylinder to avoid the occurrence of dead cylinder phenomenon;

[0065] Wireless data transmission module: Through 5G communication technology, all data from the balance cylinder monitoring module, cylinder dynamic balance analysis module, and automatic adjustment correction module are transmitted to the host computer in the ground monitoring room, ensuring stable and real-time data transmission in the complex environment underground, avoiding delays or data loss during the transmission process;

[0066] Upper computer monitoring and alarm module: Located in the ground monitoring room, it is used to receive and display data from the balancing cylinder monitoring module, the cylinder dynamic balancing analysis module and the automatic adjustment and correction module to monitor the system operation status in real time; and when an abnormal situation that cannot be automatically corrected is detected, it triggers an audible and visual alarm to prompt the operator to intervene manually.

[0067] The suspension device module includes a connection unit, a support unit and a balance maintaining unit; wherein:

[0068] Connection unit: used to fix the steel wire rope in the auxiliary shaft hoisting system to the top of the cage. The mechanical buckle structure is connected to the end of the steel wire rope to ensure that the steel wire rope maintains a reliable mechanical connection with the cage during the lifting and lowering process. The connection unit also includes a pre-tightening device, which is used to dynamically adjust the connection strength during operation to prevent lifting instability caused by looseness.

[0069] Support unit: It includes a support frame and a load-bearing part. The support frame is installed on the top of the cage to bear the vertical load from the cage and evenly transfer the weight to the suspension system through fixed points. The load-bearing part is connected to the cage structure to evenly distribute the weight of the cage to prevent the system from deflecting or becoming unstable due to load concentration. The rigid structure design of the two ensures that the cage maintains a stable structure under heavy and empty load conditions to avoid shaking caused by load changes.

[0070] Balance maintaining unit: includes a regulator and a balance sensor. The balance sensor is installed between the support unit and the bottom of the cage to detect the tilt angle of the cage in real time and transmit the data to the regulator. The regulator is used to dynamically adjust the force of the wire rope at each connection point according to the tilt data to ensure that the cage has a stable posture during the entire lifting process and avoid safety problems caused by tilt or center of gravity shift. By combining the connection unit, the support unit and the balance maintaining unit, the suspension device module can ensure that the cage is firmly connected to the wire rope during the lifting process, and through the real-time posture adjustment function, the cage can be lifted stably to avoid safety hazards caused by tilting the cage or loose connections, greatly improving the operating reliability of the auxiliary shaft lifting system.

[0071] The balancing cylinder monitoring module includes a stroke monitoring unit and a pressure monitoring unit; wherein:

[0072] Stroke monitoring unit: It is deployed on the outer wall of the balancing cylinder of the suspension device through a fixed bracket and is equipped with a linear displacement stroke sensor, which is used to monitor the displacement change of the cylinder piston rod in real time, capture the actual stroke data of the cylinder, and transmit the data to the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module to determine whether the stroke of the cylinder reaches the preset range;

[0073] Pressure monitoring unit: includes a pressure sensor installed inside the hydraulic cavity of the balancing cylinder, which is used to monitor the hydraulic pressure inside the cylinder in real time. By measuring the instantaneous pressure changes of the hydraulic system, the working pressure data of the cylinder under different working conditions are obtained, and the pressure data is transmitted to the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module for detecting the stability and balance state of the pressure inside the cylinder. Through the cooperation of the stroke monitoring unit and the pressure monitoring unit, the balancing cylinder monitoring module can obtain the stroke and pressure data of the cylinder in real time and accurately, ensuring that the system can quickly identify the abnormal state of the cylinder and improve the monitoring accuracy and safety of the overall suspension system.

[0074] The oil cylinder dynamic balance analysis module includes a data receiving unit, a synchronization analysis unit, a pressure balance analysis unit and a balance result generation unit; wherein:

[0075] Data receiving unit: connected to the balance cylinder monitoring module, used to receive the stroke and pressure data transmitted in real time by the stroke monitoring unit and the pressure monitoring unit, and classify and mark the stroke and pressure data of each cylinder according to its number, ensuring that the data of each cylinder matches the corresponding analysis unit to support subsequent synchronization and pressure analysis;

[0076] Synchronicity analysis unit: used to compare the stroke data of each cylinder longitudinally. By analyzing the stroke changes of the same cylinder at different times, it is determined whether the stroke during operation is consistent with the set standard, and the stroke synchronization is compared with other cylinders to identify whether there is an abnormal situation of insufficient stroke or asynchronous stroke.

[0077] Pressure balance analysis unit: used to compare the pressure data of multiple cylinders horizontally, analyze their pressure balance by comparing the pressure distribution between different cylinders at the same time, and determine whether there is pressure imbalance or abnormal pressure fluctuation;

[0078] Balance result generation unit: Based on the analysis results of the comprehensive synchronization analysis unit and the pressure balance analysis unit, a dynamic balance analysis report is generated according to the preset stroke synchronization threshold and pressure balance standard, and transmitted to the automatic adjustment correction module as the basis for automatically adjusting the cylinder status; through the coordination and cooperation of various units, the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module can accurately analyze the stroke and pressure status of multiple cylinders, quickly identify whether there are abnormal conditions such as stroke asynchrony or pressure imbalance, generate accurate balance analysis results, and provide reliable data support for the automatic adjustment of the system.

[0079] The synchronization analysis unit specifically includes:

[0080] Stroke change collection: first receive the stroke data of each cylinder transmitted by the data receiving unit, and collect the stroke change values ​​of each cylinder at different times on the time axis; set the time t1, t2, t3....tn, and record the stroke value L of cylinder i at each time i (t1),L i (t2),…,L i (tn), used for subsequent analysis;

[0081] Stroke standard comparison: By comparing the stroke change value of cylinder i at different times with the preset stroke threshold L standard (t), determine whether the cylinder has insufficient stroke or deviates from the set standard during operation; let the stroke deviation be ΔL i (t), the specific calculation formula is: ΔL i (t) = L i (t)-L standard (t); if ΔL i (t) Exceeding the preset travel threshold L standard (t), it is determined that the cylinder i has an abnormal situation of insufficient stroke or stroke deviation from the standard;

[0082] Stroke synchronization comparison: Perform synchronization analysis on the stroke data of multiple cylinders at the same time. Specifically, for cylinder i and cylinder j, calculate their stroke difference ΔL at time t. ij (t), which is calculated as:

[0083] ΔL ij (t)=|L i (t)-L j (t)|, if ΔL ij(t) Exceeds the preset synchronicity threshold ΔL sync_threshold When , it is determined that the strokes of cylinder i and cylinder j at this moment are not synchronized;

[0084] Generation of synchronization analysis results: Based on the longitudinal and transverse comparison results of all cylinder stroke data, a synchronization analysis report is generated to mark the cylinders with insufficient stroke, stroke deviation and asynchronous stroke, and the analysis results are transmitted to the balance result generation unit as a basis for further adjustment; through the above-mentioned step-by-step analysis, the synchronization analysis unit can accurately determine whether the stroke of each cylinder is consistent with the set standard, and identify abnormal situations of asynchronous stroke by comparing the stroke differences of multiple cylinders. Combined with the stroke change collection and synchronization comparison algorithm in the present invention, the accuracy and reliability of cylinder stroke control in the auxiliary well lifting system can be effectively improved.

[0085] The pressure balance analysis unit specifically includes:

[0086] Pressure data acquisition: Receive the pressure data of multiple cylinders at the same time from the data receiving unit, and record the pressure value of the cylinder numbered i at time t, recorded as P i (t), where i represents the number of the oil cylinder (i = 1, 2, ..., n), and t represents the time point;

[0087] Pressure difference calculation: compare the pressure of multiple cylinders at the same time horizontally and calculate the pressure difference ΔP between every two cylinders ij (t); For the oil cylinder numbered i and j, the pressure difference ΔP at time t ij The calculation formula for (t) is: ΔP ij (t)=|P i (t)-P j (t), where P i (t) represents the pressure of cylinder i at time t, P j (t) represents the pressure of cylinder j at time t, ΔP ij (t) represents the pressure difference between the two at time; if the pressure difference ΔP ij (t) Exceeds the preset pressure equalization threshold ΔP threshold When , it is determined that there is an imbalance in the pressure between cylinder i and cylinder j;

[0088] Pressure fluctuation detection: The pressure data of each cylinder is analyzed longitudinally at different time points to detect the pressure fluctuation of the same cylinder; the pressure change rate R of the cylinder numbered i at time t and the previous time t-1 is calculated. i (t), the formula is: Among them, P i (t) represents the pressure of cylinder i at time t, P i(t-1) represents the pressure of the cylinder at the previous moment t-1, R i (t) represents the pressure change rate of cylinder i at time t; if the pressure change rate R i (t) Exceeds the preset pressure fluctuation threshold R threshold , it is determined that the cylinder has abnormal pressure fluctuation at this moment; if the pressure difference or the pressure change rate exceeds the threshold, the result is marked as "pressure imbalance" or "abnormal pressure fluctuation"; the above steps calculate and analyze the pressure difference and pressure fluctuation step by step, and the pressure balance analysis unit can accurately determine whether the pressure distribution between multiple cylinders is balanced. Combined with the defined pressure balance standard, it can accurately detect pressure imbalance and abnormal fluctuation in the hydraulic system.

[0089] The balance result generating unit specifically includes:

[0090] Comprehensive balance evaluation: Based on the analysis results of stroke synchronization and pressure balance, the overall balance evaluation index of the system is calculated using the following formula: Among them, E system Represents the overall dynamic balance evaluation index of the system, ΔL i (t) represents the stroke deviation of cylinder i, n is the number of cylinders in the system, ΔP ij (t) represents the pressure difference between cylinder i and cylinder j, N is the number of cylinder pairs (meaning the total number of all possible cylinder pair combinations in the system), α and β are stroke and pressure weight coefficients; if E system If the preset balance threshold is exceeded, the system determines that the whole is unbalanced;

[0091] Generate a dynamic balance analysis report: Generate a dynamic balance analysis report based on the results of the comprehensive balance evaluation. The analysis report includes the stroke synchronization and pressure balance analysis results of each cylinder and the overall balance state of the system, and marks any abnormalities that exist. The analysis report will clearly mark the specific cylinders and locations with asynchronous stroke or uneven pressure. The above steps can accurately calculate the overall balance state of the system, generate a detailed dynamic balance analysis report, and provide a clear basis for adjustment by synchronously processing the stroke synchronization and pressure balance analysis results.

[0092] The automatic adjustment and correction module includes a flow adjustment unit, a pressure adjustment unit and a feedback control unit; wherein:

[0093] Flow regulating unit: used to receive the stroke synchronization analysis results provided by the balancing result generating unit. When the stroke deviation ΔL of a cylinder is detected i (t) exceeds the preset threshold ΔL thresholdWhen the flow adjustment unit automatically controls the flow control valve of the corresponding cylinder to adjust the flow of hydraulic oil entering the cylinder; by controlling the hydraulic flow of the cylinder to increase or decrease the displacement of the piston, the stroke of the cylinder is corrected to restore it to the preset stroke range; suppose the flow adjustment amount is Q i (t), the calculation formula is: Q i (t) = K L ×ΔL i (t), where Q i (t) represents the hydraulic oil flow entering cylinder i at time t, K L is the flow regulation coefficient, ΔL i (t) is the stroke deviation of cylinder i at time t;

[0094] Pressure regulating unit: used to detect the pressure difference ΔP between cylinder i and cylinder j according to the pressure balance analysis result provided by the balance result generating unit ij (t) Whether it exceeds the preset threshold; when the pressure is unbalanced, the pressure regulating unit will adjust the pressure distribution in the hydraulic system by controlling the pressure regulating valve to ensure that the pressure of each cylinder is balanced; the pressure adjustment amount is ΔP i (t), the calculation formula is: ΔP i (t) = K P ×ΔP ij (t), where ΔP i (t) represents the pressure adjustment amount of cylinder i at time t, K P is the pressure regulation coefficient;

[0095] Feedback control unit: used to receive the adjusted stroke and pressure data in real time, and determine whether readjustment is needed; if the adjusted stroke or pressure still does not reach the preset standard, the feedback control unit will continue to issue adjustment instructions until the stroke synchronization and pressure balance return to normal. The feedback control unit ensures real-time automatic adjustment of the system and avoids dead cylinder phenomenon through closed-loop control logic; through the coordinated work of the flow regulating unit and the pressure regulating unit, combined with the closed-loop control of the feedback control unit, the automatic adjustment correction module can effectively correct the stroke deviation and pressure imbalance of the cylinder, ensuring that the cylinders in the hydraulic system maintain synchronous and balanced operation, avoiding dead cylinder phenomenon caused by insufficient stroke or pressure imbalance, thereby improving the operation stability and safety of the system.

[0096] The wireless data transmission module includes a data acquisition unit, a 5G communication unit, a data encryption unit and a data verification unit; wherein:

[0097] Data acquisition unit: used to receive real-time data from the balance cylinder monitoring module, the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module and the automatic adjustment correction module; and to sort and package the collected stroke data, pressure data and adjustment instruction data according to the set priority to ensure the order and integrity of data transmission;

[0098] 5G communication unit: used for data transmission through 5G network. Based on the 5G communication technology with large bandwidth, low latency and high reliability, the collected data is transmitted from the underground to the ground monitoring room. The 5G communication unit includes a transmitting module and a receiving module. The transmitting module is installed at the underground equipment end, and the receiving module is set in the ground monitoring room to receive the transmitted stroke, pressure and adjustment data. The transmitting module adopts a high-gain antenna to enhance the stability of signal transmission and ensure stable data transmission in complex underground environments.

[0099] Data encryption unit: To ensure the security of transmitted data, the data encryption unit is used to encrypt all transmitted data. The encryption process adopts the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm to encrypt the stroke, pressure and adjustment data layer by layer to ensure that the data will not be intercepted or tampered with during the transmission process. The received data will be decrypted on the upper computer side of the ground monitoring room;

[0100] Data verification unit: During the data transmission process, it is used to perform integrity verification on the transmitted data packets and detect data loss or damage during the transmission process. Specifically, a verification code is attached to each data packet to confirm whether the data packet arrives at the receiving end intact and accurately. If the data verification unit detects data loss or error, it will automatically request resending to ensure the accuracy of the transmitted data; through the combination of data acquisition unit, 5G communication unit, data encryption unit and data verification unit, the wireless data transmission module can realize fast, reliable and secure data transmission between downhole equipment and the ground monitoring room, ensuring that the balance cylinder monitoring data, dynamic analysis data and adjustment correction instructions can be transmitted to the host computer in real time.

[0101] The host computer monitoring alarm module includes a display unit, an abnormality detection unit, an audible and visual alarm unit, and a manual intervention prompt unit; wherein:

[0102] Display unit: used to display the received data in real time on the monitoring screen. The stroke, pressure and adjustment status are presented in graphical interfaces respectively, which is convenient for operators to quickly understand the current operating status of the system. The display unit synchronously displays the stroke and pressure data of each cylinder in digital and graphical form, and when an abnormal situation is detected, the abnormal position is highlighted with a red mark;

[0103] Abnormality detection unit: used to continuously monitor and analyze the received data to determine whether there are abnormal conditions that cannot be corrected by the automatic adjustment and correction module; compare the stroke and pressure of each cylinder according to the stroke synchronization threshold and the pressure balance threshold. If the deviation is found to exceed the preset range and the adjustment and correction module cannot return to normal within the specified time, it will be immediately determined as an uncorrectable abnormality;

[0104] Sound and light alarm unit: When the abnormality detection unit determines that an abnormality that cannot be automatically corrected occurs, the sound and light alarm unit automatically activates the alarm mechanism and triggers the alarm to emit a sound and light alarm; the sound and light alarm signal will notify the operator through the buzzer and red indicator light on the scene, and the alarm unit will highlight the specific abnormal location and related data on the display screen at the same time, prompting the operator to intervene manually in time;

[0105] Manual intervention prompt unit: After triggering the sound and light alarm, it is used to generate abnormal information and fault location on the host computer interface, and provide corresponding processing suggestions, including cylinder adjustment measures, stroke or pressure adjustment plans, to help operators intervene quickly and ensure that the system returns to normal in time; through the close cooperation of the above units, the host computer monitoring alarm module can monitor the operating status of the system in real time, and when an abnormality that cannot be corrected automatically is detected, it quickly triggers the sound and light alarm to prompt the operator to intervene effectively, ensure the safe and stable operation of the system, and avoid serious faults.

[0106] The present invention covers any substitution, modification, equivalent method and scheme made on the essence and scope of the present invention. In order to make the public have a thorough understanding of the present invention, specific details are described in detail in the following preferred embodiments of the present invention, but those skilled in the art can fully understand the present invention without the description of these details. In addition, in order to avoid unnecessary confusion about the essence of the present invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components and circuits are not described in detail.

[0107] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal mine auxiliary shaft suspension automatic warning system, characterized in that: It includes a suspension device module, a balancing cylinder monitoring module, a cylinder dynamic balance analysis module, an automatic adjustment correction module, a wireless data transmission module and a host computer monitoring and alarm module; among which: Suspension device module: installed in the auxiliary shaft hoisting system, used to connect the wire rope and the cage, support the cage and ensure that it remains balanced during the hoisting process; Balance cylinder monitoring module: It is deployed on the balance cylinder of the suspension device and is equipped with a stroke sensor and a pressure sensor to monitor the stroke and pressure data of the cylinder in real time and transmit the monitoring data to the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module; Cylinder dynamic balance analysis module: receives the stroke and pressure data from the balance cylinder monitoring module, analyzes whether there are abnormal conditions such as insufficient stroke or pressure imbalance by comparing the stroke synchronization and pressure balance of multiple cylinders, and generates balance analysis results; Automatic adjustment and correction module: According to the balance analysis results provided by the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module, the flow control valve and pressure control valve in the hydraulic system are automatically adjusted to correct the stroke and pressure of the cylinder to avoid the occurrence of dead cylinder phenomenon; Wireless data transmission module: Through 5G communication technology, all data from the balancing cylinder monitoring module, the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module, and the automatic adjustment correction module are transmitted to the host computer in the ground monitoring room; Upper computer monitoring and alarm module: Located in the ground monitoring room, it is used to receive and display data from the balancing cylinder monitoring module, the cylinder dynamic balancing analysis module and the automatic adjustment and correction module to monitor the system operation status in real time; and when an abnormal situation that cannot be automatically corrected is detected, it triggers an audible and visual alarm to prompt the operator to intervene manually.

2. The automatic early warning system for auxiliary shaft suspension of coal mine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The suspension device module comprises a connection unit, a support unit and a balance maintaining unit; wherein: Connection unit: used to fix the steel wire rope in the auxiliary shaft hoisting system to the top of the cage, and connected to the end of the steel wire rope by using a mechanical buckle structure; the connection unit also includes a pre-tightening device, which is used to dynamically adjust the connection strength during operation to prevent lifting instability caused by looseness; Support unit: It includes a support frame and a load-bearing part. The support frame is installed on the top of the cage to bear the vertical load from the cage and evenly transfer the weight to the suspension system through the fixed point; the load-bearing part is connected to the cage structure to evenly distribute the weight of the cage; Balance maintaining unit: includes a regulator and a balance sensor. The balance sensor is installed between the support unit and the bottom of the cage to detect the tilt angle of the cage in real time and transmit the data to the regulator. The regulator is used to dynamically adjust the force of the wire rope at each connection point according to the tilt data to ensure that the cage has a stable posture during the entire lifting process.

3. The automatic early warning system for auxiliary shaft suspension of coal mine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The balancing oil cylinder monitoring module includes a stroke monitoring unit and a pressure monitoring unit; wherein: Stroke monitoring unit: It is deployed on the outer wall of the balancing cylinder of the suspension device through a fixed bracket and is equipped with a linear displacement stroke sensor to monitor the displacement change of the cylinder piston rod in real time, capture the actual stroke data of the cylinder, and transmit the data to the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module; Pressure monitoring unit: includes a pressure sensor installed inside the hydraulic cavity of the balancing cylinder, which is used to monitor the hydraulic pressure inside the cylinder in real time. By measuring the instantaneous pressure changes of the hydraulic system, the working pressure data of the cylinder under different working conditions is obtained, and the pressure data is transmitted to the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module.

4. The automatic early warning system for auxiliary shaft suspension of coal mine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The oil cylinder dynamic balance analysis module includes a data receiving unit, a synchronization analysis unit, a pressure balance analysis unit and a balance result generation unit; wherein: Data receiving unit: connected to the balance cylinder monitoring module, used to receive the stroke and pressure data transmitted in real time by the stroke monitoring unit and the pressure monitoring unit, and classify and mark the stroke and pressure data of each cylinder according to its number, to ensure that the data of each cylinder matches the corresponding analysis unit; Synchronicity analysis unit: used to compare the stroke data of each cylinder longitudinally. By analyzing the stroke changes of the same cylinder at different times, it is determined whether the stroke during operation is consistent with the set standard, and the stroke synchronization is compared with other cylinders to identify whether there is an abnormal situation of insufficient stroke or asynchronous stroke. Pressure balance analysis unit: used to compare the pressure data of multiple cylinders horizontally, analyze their pressure balance by comparing the pressure distribution between different cylinders at the same time, and determine whether there is pressure imbalance or abnormal pressure fluctuation; Balance result generation unit: Based on the analysis results of the comprehensive synchronization analysis unit and the pressure balance analysis unit, a dynamic balance analysis report is generated according to the preset stroke synchronization threshold and pressure balance standard, and transmitted to the automatic adjustment correction module.

5. The automatic early warning system for auxiliary shaft suspension of coal mine according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The synchronization analysis unit specifically includes: Stroke change collection: first receive the stroke data of each cylinder transmitted by the data receiving unit, and collect the stroke change values ​​of each cylinder at different times on the time axis; set the time t1, t2, t3...tn, and record the stroke value L of cylinder i at each time i (t1), L i (t2), ..., L i (tn), used for subsequent analysis; Stroke standard comparison: By comparing the stroke change value of cylinder i at different times with the preset stroke threshold L standard (t), determine whether the cylinder has insufficient stroke or deviates from the set standard during operation; let the stroke deviation be ΔL i (t), the specific calculation formula is: ΔL i (t) = L i (t)-L standard (t); if ΔL i (t) Exceeding the preset travel threshold L standard (t), it is determined that the cylinder i has an abnormal situation of insufficient stroke or stroke deviation from the standard; Stroke synchronization comparison: Perform synchronization analysis on the stroke data of multiple cylinders at the same time. Specifically, for cylinder i and cylinder j, calculate their stroke difference ΔL at time t. ij (t), which is calculated as: ΔL ij (t)=|L i (t)-L j (t)|, if ΔL ij (t) Exceeds the preset synchronicity threshold ΔL sync_threshold When , it is determined that the strokes of cylinder i and cylinder j at this moment are not synchronized; Synchronicity analysis result generation: Based on the longitudinal and transverse comparison results of all cylinder stroke data, a synchronization analysis report is generated to mark cylinders with insufficient stroke, stroke deviation and asynchronous stroke.

6. The automatic early warning system for auxiliary shaft suspension of coal mine according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The pressure balance analysis unit specifically includes: Pressure data acquisition: Receive the pressure data of multiple cylinders at the same time from the data receiving unit, and record the pressure value of the cylinder numbered i at time t, recorded as P i (t), where i represents the number of the oil cylinder and t represents the time point; Pressure difference calculation: compare the pressure of multiple cylinders at the same time horizontally and calculate the pressure difference ΔP between every two cylinders ij (t); if the pressure difference ΔP ij (t) Exceeds the preset pressure equalization threshold ΔP threshold When , it is determined that there is an imbalance in the pressure between cylinder i and cylinder j; Pressure fluctuation detection: The pressure data of each cylinder is analyzed longitudinally at different time points to detect the pressure fluctuation of the same cylinder; the pressure change rate R of the cylinder numbered i at time t and the previous time t-1 is calculated. i (t); if the pressure change rate R i (t) Exceeds the preset pressure fluctuation threshold R threshold , it is determined that the cylinder has abnormal pressure fluctuation at this moment.

7. The automatic early warning system for auxiliary shaft suspension of coal mine according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The balance result generating unit specifically includes: Comprehensive balance evaluation: Based on the analysis results of stroke synchronization and pressure balance, the overall balance evaluation index of the system is calculated using the following formula: Among them, E system Represents the overall dynamic balance evaluation index of the system, ΔL i (t) represents the stroke deviation of cylinder i, n is the number of cylinders in the system, ΔP ij (t) represents the pressure difference between cylinder i and cylinder j, N is the number of cylinder pairs, α and β are the stroke and pressure weight coefficients; if E system If the preset balance threshold is exceeded, the system determines that the whole is unbalanced; Generate dynamic balance analysis report: Generate a dynamic balance analysis report based on the results of the comprehensive balance evaluation. The analysis report includes the stroke synchronization and pressure balance analysis results of each cylinder and the overall balance state of the system, and marks any existing anomalies. The analysis report will clearly mark the specific cylinders and locations with asynchronous stroke or pressure imbalance.

8. The automatic early warning system for auxiliary shaft suspension of coal mine according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The automatic adjustment and correction module includes a flow adjustment unit, a pressure adjustment unit and a feedback control unit; wherein: Flow regulating unit: used to receive the stroke synchronization analysis results provided by the balancing result generating unit. When it is detected that the stroke deviation of a cylinder exceeds the preset threshold, the flow regulating unit will automatically control the flow regulating valve of the corresponding cylinder to adjust the flow of hydraulic oil entering the cylinder to restore it to the preset stroke range. Suppose the flow adjustment amount is Q i (t), the calculation formula is: Q i (t) = K L ×ΔL i (t), where Q i (t) represents the hydraulic oil flow entering cylinder i at time t, K L is the flow regulation coefficient, ΔL i (t) is the stroke deviation of cylinder i at time t; Pressure regulating unit: used to detect the pressure difference ΔP between cylinder i and cylinder j according to the pressure balance analysis result provided by the balance result generating unit ij (t) Whether it exceeds the preset threshold; when the pressure is unbalanced, the pressure regulating unit will control the pressure regulating valve; set the pressure adjustment amount as ΔP i (t), the calculation formula is: ΔP i (t) = K P ×ΔP ij (t), where ΔP i (t) represents the pressure adjustment amount of cylinder i at time t, K P is the pressure regulation coefficient; Feedback control unit: used to receive the adjusted stroke and pressure data in real time and determine whether readjustment is needed; if the adjusted stroke or pressure still does not reach the preset standard, the feedback control unit will continue to issue adjustment instructions until the stroke synchronization and pressure balance return to normal.

9. The automatic early warning system for auxiliary shaft suspension of coal mine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wireless data transmission module includes a data acquisition unit, a 5G communication unit, a data encryption unit and a data verification unit; wherein: Data acquisition unit: used to receive real-time data from the balance cylinder monitoring module, the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module and the automatic adjustment correction module; and to organize and package the collected stroke data, pressure data and adjustment instruction data according to the set priority; 5G communication unit: used for data transmission through the 5G network, and transmits the collected data from the underground to the ground monitoring room; the 5G communication unit includes a transmitting module and a receiving module, wherein the transmitting module is installed at the underground equipment end, and the receiving module is set in the ground monitoring room, and is used to receive the transmitted stroke, pressure and adjustment data; Data encryption unit: used to encrypt all transmitted data. The encryption process adopts the advanced encryption standard algorithm to encrypt the stroke, pressure and adjustment data layer by layer to ensure that the data will not be intercepted or tampered with during the transmission process; Data verification unit: During the data transmission process, it is used to perform integrity verification on the transmitted data packets and detect data loss or damage during the transmission process. Specifically, a verification code is attached to each data packet to confirm whether the data packet arrives at the receiving end intact and accurately.

10. The automatic early warning system for auxiliary shaft suspension of coal mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The host computer monitoring alarm module includes a display unit, an abnormality detection unit, an audible and visual alarm unit, and a manual intervention prompt unit; wherein: Display unit: used to display the received data in real time on the monitoring screen. The stroke, pressure and adjustment status are presented in graphical interfaces respectively, which is convenient for operators to quickly understand the current operating status of the system. When an abnormal situation is detected, the abnormal position is highlighted with a red mark; Abnormality detection unit: used to continuously monitor and analyze the received data to determine whether there are abnormal conditions that cannot be corrected by the automatic adjustment and correction module; compare the stroke and pressure of each cylinder according to the stroke synchronization threshold and the pressure balance threshold. If the deviation is found to exceed the preset range and the adjustment and correction module cannot return to normal within the specified time, it will be immediately determined as an uncorrectable abnormality; Sound and light alarm unit: When the abnormality detection unit determines that an abnormality that cannot be automatically corrected occurs, the sound and light alarm unit automatically activates the alarm mechanism and triggers the alarm to emit a sound and light alarm; the sound and light alarm signal will notify the operator through the buzzer and red indicator light on the scene, and the alarm unit will highlight the specific abnormal location and related data on the display screen at the same time, prompting the operator to intervene manually in time; Manual intervention prompt unit: After the sound and light alarm is triggered, it is used to generate abnormal information and fault location on the host computer interface, and provide corresponding processing suggestions, including cylinder adjustment measures, stroke or pressure adjustment plans, to help operators intervene quickly.

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