Polyurethane bi-component light foam material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a polyurethane two-component lightweight foam material and a preparation method and application thereof, and the polyurethane two-component lightweight foam material comprises the following raw materials: a component A and a component B in a weight ratio of 100: 170-200, the component A is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10 to 25 parts of polyether polyol I, 10 to 30 parts of polyether polyol II, 10 to 30 parts of polyether polyol III, 1 to 2 parts of a chain extender, 9 to 12 parts of a foaming agent, 0.5 to 1.2 parts of a foam stabilizer I, 0.1 to 0.5 part of a foam stabilizer II, 0.5 to 2 parts of an antioxidant, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of a pore opening agent, 0.4 to 1 part of a catalyst and 5 to 20 parts of a flame retardant; the component B is prepared from the following component in parts by weight: modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate. The polyurethane two-component lightweight foam prepared by the invention is easy to form, resistant to high temperature and aging, capable of greatly reducing the investment of equipment and improving the stability of raw materials, and capable of being widely applied to lightweight composite materials of upper covers of automobile engine cabins.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a polyurethane two-component lightweight foam material and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of lightweight foam. Background Art

[0002] As consumers now have higher requirements for automobile quietness, the existing technology is to add a layer of sound-absorbing cotton inside the engine compartment, but the aesthetic effect of the cabin is greatly reduced, and traditional sound-absorbing cotton has great quality risks in terms of high temperature and flame retardancy. It is easy to age at high temperature, is not resistant to high temperature, and has poor flame retardancy. Therefore, the development of lightweight foam with high temperature resistance and flame retardancy, especially in the application of automobile interior and exterior decoration, needs to consider the overall automobile weight reduction, so the density of the material is crucial, while meeting the sound absorption performance, it also maintains a very low density, and also meets the requirements of automobile lightweighting. Summary of the invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: In order to improve the poor aging resistance and flame retardancy of the sound-absorbing cotton in the prior art, the first purpose of the present invention is to provide a urethane two-component lightweight foam material, the second purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the urethane two-component lightweight foam material, and the third purpose of the present invention is to provide an application of the urethane two-component lightweight foam material in the preparation of an automobile air filter element.

[0004] Technical solution: The present invention discloses a polyurethane two-component lightweight foam material, which comprises the following raw materials in a weight ratio: component A: component B is 100:170-200, wherein component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-25 parts of polyether polyol I, 10-30 parts of polyether polyol II, 10-30 parts of polyether polyol III, 1-2 parts of chain extender, 9-12 parts of foaming agent, 0.5-1.2 parts of foam stabilizer I, 0.1-0.5 parts of foam stabilizer II, 0.5-2 parts of antioxidant, 0.5-1.5 parts of pore opener, 0.4-1 parts of catalyst, and 5-20 parts of flame retardant; component B comprises the following components in parts by weight: modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate.

[0005] Furthermore, the polyether polyol I includes a polyether polyol terminated with ethylene oxide by copolymerizing ethylene oxide and propylene oxide with at least one of glycerol or trimethylolpropane as an initiator, and has a hydroxyl value of 100-120 mgKOH / g and a viscosity of 250-350 mpa·s at 25°C.

[0006] Furthermore, the polyether polyol I is NJ-3152.

[0007] Furthermore, the polyether polyol II includes a polyether polyol terminated with propylene oxide by copolymerizing ethylene oxide and propylene oxide with propylene glycol as an initiator, and has a hydroxyl value of 32-36 mgKOH / g and a viscosity of 800-1000 mpa·s at 25°C.

[0008] Furthermore, the polyether polyol II is selected from at least one of CHE-330N, CHE-2801L or Wanol F3135.

[0009] Furthermore, polyether polyol III includes polyether polyol partially terminated with propylene oxide by copolymerization and addition of ethylene oxide and carbon dioxide with propylene glycol as initiator, and has a hydroxyl value of 31-35 mgKOH / g and a viscosity of 1400-2000 mpa·s at 25°C.

[0010] Furthermore, the polyether polyol III is CHK-350D.

[0011] Furthermore, the foaming agent is water.

[0012] Furthermore, both foam stabilizer I and foam stabilizer II are polysiloxane-olefin oxide block copolymers.

[0013] Furthermore, the foam stabilizer I is selected from at least one of silicone oil L626, silicone oil L-580, B8409 or silicone oil L6915.

[0014] Furthermore, the foam stabilizer II is selected from at least one of B8734, B8017, B8738, B8715, S6109, S6308, L-3627 or L-3628.

[0015] Furthermore, the antioxidant II is selected from hindered phenol antioxidant 1135 or RIANOX 1135R.

[0016] Furthermore, the cell opening agent is Ortegol 501.

[0017] Furthermore, the chain extender is selected from at least one of alcohol compounds or amine compounds with a functionality of 2.

[0018] Furthermore, the chain extender is selected from at least one of ethylene glycol (MEG), diethylene glycol (DEG) or 1,4-butanediol (1-4BDO).

[0019] Furthermore, the catalyst is a tertiary amine catalyst.

[0020] Furthermore, the tertiary amine catalyst is an induced catalyst, selected from at least one of ZF-10, NE300, NE310, DMEA, A1, A33, DPA, Z130, C-225, Dabco NE1070, Dabco 33-LV or Dabco8154.

[0021] Furthermore, the flame retardant is selected from liquid flame retardants such as tris(2-chloropropyl) phosphate (TCPP), triethyl phosphate (TEP) or halogen-free flame retardant OP550.

[0022] Further, the modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) is selected from at least one of Wannat-PM 200, Wannat-100LL, Cosmonate LL, Lupranate 81, Lupranate 81MM103, Lupranate 81218, Lupranate 8119, Lupranate 81M20S, Suprasec 2020, Suprasec 5005 or CNS-1022B.

[0023] A method for preparing the polyurethane two-component lightweight foam material of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0024] (1) Mix polyether polyol I, polyether polyol II, polyether polyol III, catalyst, chain extender, antioxidant, foaming agent, flame retardant, foam stabilizer I, foam stabilizer II, and cell opener to obtain a mixed solution;

[0025] (2) The mixed solution is mixed and stirred with modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate at high speed, and then injected into a box foam mold and matured to obtain the product.

[0026] Furthermore, in step (1), the mixing and stirring temperature is 20-25°C.

[0027] Furthermore, in step (2), the aging time is 30-45 minutes.

[0028] The invention discloses an application of the polyurethane two-component lightweight foam material in preparing an automobile air filter element.

[0029] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0030] The preparation method of the novel polyurethane two-component lightweight foam provided by the present invention is simple and easy to implement, and the obtained polyurethane two-component lightweight foam has the advantages of excellent flame retardancy and aging resistance, low density and good acoustic effect, and can be widely used in lightweight composite materials for upper covers of automobile engine compartments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 The physical pictures and SEM pictures of the foams prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 3; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0033] The sources of the raw materials used in the following experiments are shown in Table 1.

[0034] Table 1 Raw materials

[0035]

[0036]

[0037] Examples 1 to 6

[0038] (1) Prepare material A according to Table 2, and stir polyether polyol I, polyether polyol II, polyether polyol III, catalyst, chain extender, antioxidant, foaming agent, flame retardant, foam stabilizer I, foam stabilizer II, and cell opener at a temperature of 20-25° C. to obtain material A;

[0039] (2) Material A and material B (modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate) are pumped into material tank A and material tank B of the high-pressure machine respectively, and the high-pressure circulation is started respectively; the weight ratio of material A to material B is set to 100:170-200 on the high-pressure machine, and material A and material B are mixed and stirred at high speed by the high-pressure machine, and then quickly injected into the pre-prepared box foam mold. After the injection is completed, it is aged for 40 minutes, and the large foam is removed from the mold to obtain a polyurethane two-component lightweight foam material product, which can then enter the foam cutting process.

[0040] Table 2 List of raw materials for each component in Examples 1 to 6

[0041]

[0042]

[0043] Comparative Examples 1-3

[0044] The preparation process is the same as that of Example 1, except that the raw materials are as shown in Table 3.

[0045] Table 3 Raw materials of each component in Comparative Examples 1-3

[0046]

[0047] The density of the foams prepared in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was tested according to GB / T 6343-2009 "Determination of apparent density of foam plastics and rubber", the flame retardancy was tested according to GB 8410-2006 "Vertical burning performance test method for textiles", and the standing wave tube acoustics was tested according to GB / T 18696.2-2002 "Measurement of sound absorption coefficient and acoustic impedance in acoustic impedance tubes Part 2: Transfer function method", and the results are shown in Table 3.

[0048] Table 3 Foam performance data prepared in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3

[0049]

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] As can be seen from Table 3, the formula system provided by Examples 1-6 can produce product foams with a density of 15-20kg / m3, with simple process, good flame retardant effect, and excellent acoustic performance. It is a very good low-density, high-sound-absorbing, flame-retardant foam product. In Comparative Example 1, the reduction of the catalyst obviously leads to a delay in the induction reaction and an increase in the subsequent foam density. In Comparative Example 2, the reduction of foam stabilizer I and the increase of foaming agent directly cause the collapse of the final foam, so it is impossible to reduce the use of foam stabilizer and increase the use of foaming agent. In Comparative Example 3, simply increasing the use of foam stabilizer I and foam stabilizer II will lead to the shrinkage of the foam, and the foam cannot be put into use in the end.

[0053] The foams prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 were analyzed by scanning electron microscope. Figure 1 shown. Figure 1 The physical pictures and SEM pictures of the foams prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 3, wherein A is the physical picture of Example 1, B is the SEM picture of Example 1, C is the physical picture of Comparative Example 3, and D is the SEM picture of Comparative Example 3. By observing the SEM pictures in the figure, it can be seen that since the foam stabilizer and the cell opening agent in Comparative Example 3 exceed the specified range, the foam shrinks after foaming and the cell structure is closed, which is also the reason why the sound absorption coefficient of Comparative Example 3 is very poor.

Claims

1. A polyurethane two-component lightweight foam material, characterized in that: The polyurethane two-component lightweight foam material comprises the following raw materials in a weight ratio: component A: component B is 100:170-200, wherein component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-25 parts of polyether polyol I, 10-30 parts of polyether polyol II, 10-30 parts of polyether polyol III, 1-2 parts of chain extender, 9-12 parts of foaming agent, 0.5-1.2 parts of foam stabilizer I, 0.1-0.5 parts of foam stabilizer II, 0.5-2 parts of antioxidant, 0.5-1.5 parts of cell opener, 0.4-1 parts of catalyst, and 5-20 parts of flame retardant; component B comprises the following components in parts by weight: modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate.

2. The polyurethane two-component lightweight foam material according to claim 1, characterized in that: Polyether polyol I includes a polyether polyol capped with ethylene oxide by copolymerizing ethylene oxide and propylene oxide with at least one of glycerol or trimethylolpropane as an initiator, and has a hydroxyl value of 100-120 mgKOH / g and a viscosity of 250-350 mpa·s at 25°C; polyether polyol II includes a polyether polyol capped with propylene oxide by copolymerizing ethylene oxide and propylene oxide with propylene glycol as an initiator, and has a hydroxyl value of 32-36 mgKOH / g and a viscosity of 800-1000 mpa·s at 25°C; polyether polyol III includes a polyether polyol partially capped with propylene oxide by copolymerizing and adding ethylene oxide and carbon dioxide with propylene glycol as an initiator, and has a hydroxyl value of 31-35 mgKOH / g and a viscosity of 1400-2000 mpa·s at 25°C.

3. The two-component polyurethane lightweight foam material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The foaming agent is water; the foam stabilizer I is selected from at least one of L626, L580, B8409 or L6915; the foam stabilizer II is selected from at least one of B8745, B8734, B8017, B8738, B8715, S6109, S6308, L-3627 or L-3628; the antioxidant II is selected from at least one of 1135 or RIANOX 1135R; and the cell opening agent is Ortegol 501.

4. The polyurethane two-component lightweight foam material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chain extender is selected from at least one of alcohol compounds or alcohol amine compounds with a functionality of 2; the catalyst is a tertiary amine catalyst; and the flame retardant is selected from at least one of TCPP, TEP or OP550.

5. The two-component polyurethane lightweight foam material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The chain extender is selected from at least one of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol or 1,4-butanediol.

6. The two-component polyurethane lightweight foam material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The tertiary amine catalyst is an induced catalyst, selected from at least one of ZF-10, NE300, NE310, DMEA, A1, A33, DPA, Z130, C-225, DabcoNE1070, Dabco 33-LV or Dabco 8154.

7. The polyurethane two-component lightweight foam material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate is selected from at least one of Wannat-PM 200, Wannat-100LL, Cosmonate LL, Lupranate 81, Lupranate 81MM103, Lupranate 81218, Lupranate 8119, Lupranate 81M20S, Suprasec 2020, Suprasec 5005 and CNS-1022B.

8. A method for preparing the polyurethane two-component lightweight foam material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Mixing polyether polyol I, polyether polyol II, polyether polyol III, a catalyst, a chain extender, an antioxidant, a foaming agent, a flame retardant, a foam stabilizer I, a foam stabilizer II, and a cell opening agent to obtain a mixed solution; (2) The mixed solution and modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate are mixed and stirred at high speed, and then injected into a box foam mold and matured to obtain the product.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step (1), the mixing and stirring temperature is 20-25° C., and in step (2), the aging time is 30-45 minutes.

10. Use of the polyurethane two-component lightweight foam material according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in the preparation of an automobile air filter element.

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