Sand blocking and water discharging system of sand blocking dam

Abstract

The system comprises a U-shaped main tower with an opening pointing to the upstream, an upstream supporting framework perpendicular to the bottom of the main tower and a downstream supporting framework inclined to the bottom of the main tower are arranged in the main tower, and the top end of the downstream supporting framework tends to the upstream supporting framework; a plurality of upstream connecting beams and a plurality of downstream connecting beams are respectively arranged on the upstream supporting framework and the downstream supporting framework from top to bottom; the upstream connecting beam and the downstream connecting beam are both connected with the main tower; a flexible water-permeable sand blocking structure is arranged between the upstream supporting framework and the downstream supporting framework, the bottom, close to the downstream side, of the main tower communicates with a downstream communicating pipe, and a control valve is arranged on the downstream communicating pipe. The problem that in the prior art, due to too much riverway sediment, a gate is blocked is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy projects, and in particular relates to a sand retaining and water releasing system of a sand retaining dam. Background Art

[0002] The main purpose of the sand-blocking dam is to intercept the river sediment and discharge clear water during the flood season, which is also called storing turbid water and discharging clear water, reducing the sediment accumulation in the downstream river channel and improving the downstream ecological environment. At the same time, it can silt up and create land in the upstream. Under the general background of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin, a large number of sand-blocking dams have been built, are under construction, and are planned in northern Shaanxi. At present, the sand-blocking and water-discharging system of the sand-blocking dam mainly uses electric-controlled gates to achieve sand-blocking and water-discharging. This method is very easy to cause gate congestion in northern Shaanxi with high sediment content, and the gate opening and closing fails and cannot operate normally. Long-term use may threaten the safety of the project. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a sand-retaining and water-releasing system for a sand-retaining dam, which solves the problem of gate congestion caused by excessive river sediment in the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that the sand-retaining and water-releasing system of the sand-retaining dam includes a main tower which is U-shaped as a whole and whose opening is directed upstream, wherein an upstream support frame which is perpendicular to the bottom of the main tower and a downstream support frame which is inclined to the bottom of the main tower are arranged in the main tower, and the top of the downstream support frame is inclined to the upstream support frame, and a plurality of upstream connecting beams and downstream connecting beams are respectively arranged on the upstream support frame and the downstream support frame from top to bottom; the upstream connecting beam and the downstream connecting beam are both connected to the main tower; A flexible permeable sand-trapping structure is arranged between the upstream supporting frame and the downstream supporting frame, and a downstream connecting pipe is connected to the bottom of the main tower near the downstream side, and a control valve is arranged on the downstream connecting pipe.

[0005] The present invention is also characterized in that The inclination angle of the downstream supporting frame is 60°~80°, and the inclination angle of the downstream connecting beam is consistent with the inclination angle of the downstream supporting frame.

[0006] The upstream support frame and the downstream support frame both include a number of vertical main beams and a number of transverse main beams. Both ends of the vertical main beams and the transverse main beams are connected to the main tower. The transverse main beams are arranged perpendicular to the vertical main beams, and the distance between adjacent transverse main beams is not more than 1m. The spacing between the vertical main beams is not greater than 1.5m, and the distance between the vertical main beams on both sides and the inner wall of the main tower on the opposite side is also not greater than 1.5m.

[0007] Several transverse secondary beams are arranged between adjacent transverse main beams. Both ends of the transverse secondary beams are connected to the main tower. The spacing between adjacent transverse secondary beams is not greater than 0.25m.

[0008] A wide-crowned weir is arranged on the top of the flexible permeable sand retaining structure, both ends of the wide-crowned weir are connected to the main tower, and the height of the wide-crowned weir is lower than the highest point of the main tower.

[0009] The flexible permeable sand-trapping structure includes an upstream block stone area, an upstream pebble area, an upstream crushed stone area, an upstream medium-coarse sand, a downstream medium-coarse sand, a downstream crushed stone area, a downstream pebble area and a downstream block stone area, which are arranged in sequence from upstream to downstream. A geotextile drainage layer is also arranged between the upstream medium-coarse sand and the downstream medium-coarse sand.

[0010] The upstream and downstream boundaries of the upstream block stone area, upstream pebble area, upstream gravel area, upstream medium-coarse sand, downstream medium-coarse sand, downstream gravel area and downstream pebble area are all perpendicular to the bottom of the main tower. The downstream block stone area is overall inclined to the bottom of the main tower, and the inclination angle of the downstream block stone area is consistent with the inclination angle of the downstream supporting skeleton.

[0011] The minimum particle size of the boulders in the upstream boulders area and the downstream boulders area shall not be less than the spacing between adjacent transverse secondary beams; The pebble size in the upstream and downstream pebble areas is 5 cm to 15 cm; The gravel particle size in the upstream gravel area and the downstream gravel area is 1cm~5cm.

[0012] The geotextile drainage layer is filament anti-filtration geotextile or geotextile drainage net.

[0013] A deformation joint is arranged at the connection position between the downstream connecting pipe and the main tower, and a water stop is arranged in the deformation joint.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The sand-retaining and water-discharging system of the sand-retaining dam of the present invention intercepts the silt in the water by adopting a flexible permeable sand-retaining structure, thereby ensuring that the silt carried by the water flowing into the flow channel below is greatly reduced, thereby avoiding congestion of the gate. At the same time, a wide-crowned weir is arranged on the top to pass the excessive flood. Through the gateless design, when the water volume upstream of the sand-retaining dam exceeds the boundary, it can directly pass through the wide-crowned weir without the need for manual operation and regulation, thereby reducing the workload of the staff.

[0015] (2) The flexible permeable sand-retaining structure in the sand-retaining and water-retaining system of the sand-retaining dam of the present invention adopts a mirror-image-arranged block stone area, pebble area, gravel area and medium-coarse sand, and a geotextile drainage layer or drainage blanket is arranged in the middle. The gaps in the filling material in the middle of the flexible permeable sand-retaining structure are small, which mainly plays the role of sand-retaining and water-permeable. The gaps in the filling materials on both sides are large, which mainly play the role of skeleton support and provide support for the small-void materials; the geotextile drainage layer mainly further improves the sand-retaining and water-permeable effect, and at the same time is a small-void material, which improves its integrity; the material composition of the structure is all flexible, which improves the seismic performance of the structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sand retaining and water releasing system of the sand retaining dam of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional view from perspective A; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional view from viewpoint B; Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the upstream and downstream support frames in the sand retaining and water releasing system of the sand retaining dam of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a flexible permeable sand-trapping structure in the sand-trapping and water-releasing system of the sand-trapping dam of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection position between the main tower and the downstream connecting pipe in the sand retaining and water releasing system of the sand retaining dam of the present invention.

[0017] In the figure, 1. main tower, 2. upstream connecting beam, 3. upstream supporting frame, 3-1. transverse main beam, 3-2. vertical main beam, 3-3. transverse secondary beam, 4. flexible permeable sand retaining structure, 4-1. upstream block stone area, 4-2. upstream pebble area, 4-3. upstream gravel area, 4-4. upstream medium and coarse sand, 4-5. geotextile drainage layer, 4-6. downstream block stone area, 4-7. downstream pebble area, 4-8. downstream gravel area, 4-9. downstream medium and coarse sand, 5. wide crest weir, 6. downstream connecting pipe, 7. control valve, 8. downstream connecting beam, 9. downstream supporting frame, 10. deformation joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] Example 1 The sand-retaining and water-releasing system of the sand-retaining dam of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes a main tower 1 which is U-shaped as a whole and whose opening points to the upstream, an upstream support frame 3 which is perpendicular to the bottom of the main tower 1 and a downstream support frame 9 which is inclined to the bottom of the main tower 1 are arranged in the main tower 1, and the top of the downstream support frame 9 is inclined to the upstream support frame 3, and a plurality of upstream connecting beams 2 and downstream connecting beams 8 are respectively arranged on the upstream support frame 3 and the downstream support frame 9 from top to bottom; the upstream connecting beam 2 and the downstream connecting beam 8 are both connected to the main tower 1; A flexible water-permeable sand-trapping structure 4 is provided between the upstream support frame 3 and the downstream support frame 9. Figure 2As shown, the bottom of the main tower 1 near the downstream side is connected with a downstream connecting pipe 6, and a control valve 7 is provided on the downstream connecting pipe 6.

[0020] Furthermore, a wide-crowned weir 5 is provided on the top of the flexible permeable sand retaining structure 4 , both ends of the wide-crowned weir 5 are connected to the main tower 1 , and the height of the wide-crowned weir 5 is lower than the highest point of the main tower 1 .

[0021] The sand-trapping and water-releasing system of the sand-trapping dam of the present invention adopts a flexible permeable sand-trapping structure to retain sand, and at the same time a wide-crowned weir is arranged on the top to pass excessive flood water, so as to achieve a gate-free solution. By adopting this system, unmanned operation can be realized, and the system can run automatically. A small amount of incoming water can pass through the permeable sand-trapping structure, and a large amount of incoming water can overflow through the wide-crowned weir on the top, thus avoiding the situation in which a gate failure occurs when there is a gate and affects the safety of the project.

[0022] Example 2 The sand-retaining and water-releasing system of the sand-retaining dam of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes a main tower 1 which is U-shaped as a whole and has an opening pointing upstream, an upstream support frame 3 and a downstream support frame 9. The upstream support frame 3 and the downstream support frame 9 are both fixedly connected to the main tower 1, and the upstream support frame 3 is perpendicular to the bottom of the main tower 1, and the downstream support frame 9 is inclined to the bottom of the main tower 1.

[0023] Furthermore, a plurality of upstream connecting beams 2 are evenly spaced along the vertical direction on the upstream supporting frame 3 . The upstream connecting beams 2 are located at the position closest to the upstream inside the main tower 1 , and both ends thereof are fixedly connected to the main tower 1 , thereby strengthening the rigidity of the main tower 1 .

[0024] Furthermore, a plurality of downstream connecting beams 8 are evenly spaced along the inclined direction on the downstream supporting frame 9. The downstream connecting beams 8 are located at a position closest to the downstream inside the main tower 1. Both ends of the downstream connecting beams 8 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main tower 1, thereby enhancing the strength of the main tower 1.

[0025] Furthermore, a flexible permeable sand-trapping structure 4 is provided between the upstream supporting frame 3 and the downstream supporting frame 9 , and a downstream connecting pipe 6 is connected to the bottom of the main tower 1 near the downstream side, and a control valve 7 is provided on the downstream connecting pipe 6 .

[0026] A wide-crowned weir 5 is arranged on the top of the flexible permeable sand retaining structure 4, and both ends of the wide-crowned weir 5 are connected to the main tower 1, and the height of the wide-crowned weir 5 is lower than the highest point of the main tower 1, ensuring that when the upstream water level is too high, there is space inside the main tower 1 for floods to pass over the wide-crowned weir 5.

[0027] Furthermore, the downstream connecting beam 8 can also serve as a deceleration platform for dissipating energy when the water flows through the wide-crowned weir 5 toward the downstream.

[0028] Furthermore, the inclination angle of the downstream support frame 9 is 60°~80°, and the inclination angle of the downstream connecting beam 8 is consistent with the inclination angle of the downstream support frame 9. This makes the center of gravity of the overall structure move upward, providing a balancing force for the upstream water pressure and silt pressure. The specific inclination angle is calculated and determined by the following formula: ; Where, H is the height of the flexible permeable sediment retaining structure, in meters; is the tilt angle, unit: °.

[0029] Example 3 The sand-retaining and water-releasing system of the sand-retaining dam of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes a main tower 1 which is U-shaped as a whole and has an opening pointing upstream. An upstream support frame 3 perpendicular to the bottom of the main tower 1 and a downstream support frame 9 inclined to the bottom of the main tower 1 are arranged in the main tower 1. The top of the downstream support frame 9 is inclined to the upstream support frame 3. A plurality of upstream connecting beams 2 and downstream connecting beams 8 are respectively arranged on the upstream support frame 3 and the downstream support frame 9 from top to bottom; the upstream connecting beams 2 and the downstream connecting beams 8 are both connected to the main tower 1.

[0030] Furthermore, the upstream support skeleton 3 is arranged close to the downstream of the upstream connecting beam 2 and is fixedly connected to the main tower 1, mainly providing an upstream support surface for the flexible permeable sand-trapping structure 4; the downstream support skeleton 9 is arranged obliquely close to the upstream of the downstream connecting beam 8 and is fixedly connected to the main tower 1, mainly providing a downstream support surface for the flexible permeable sand-trapping structure 4.

[0031] A flexible water-permeable sand-trapping structure 4 is provided between the upstream support frame 3 and the downstream support frame 9. Figure 2 As shown, the bottom of the main tower 1 near the downstream side is connected with a downstream connecting pipe 6, and a control valve 7 is provided on the downstream connecting pipe 6.

[0032] Furthermore, if Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the upstream support skeleton 3 and the downstream support skeleton 9 both include a plurality of vertical main beams 3-2 and a plurality of transverse main beams 3-1. The transverse main beams 3-1 and the vertical main beams 3-2 are the main skeletons. Both ends of the vertical main beams 3-2 and the transverse main beams 3-2 are connected to the main tower 1. The transverse main beams 3-1 and the vertical main beams 3-2 are vertically arranged, and the distance between adjacent transverse main beams 3-1 is not more than 1m. The spacing between the vertical main beams 3-2 is no more than 1.5m, and the distance between the vertical main beams 3-2 on both sides and the inner wall of the main tower 1 on the opposite side is also no more than 1.5m. The specific calculation formula for the number of vertical main beams 3-2 used is as follows: N = L / 1.5-1; Wherein, L is the distance from the inner wall of the main tower 1, and when N is a decimal, it is rounded up to the nearest integer.

[0033] Furthermore, a plurality of transverse secondary beams 3-3 are arranged between adjacent transverse main beams 3-1. The transverse secondary beams 3-3 are mainly used to intensify and disperse stress. Both ends of the transverse secondary beams 3-3 are connected to the main tower 1. The spacing between adjacent transverse secondary beams 3-3 is not greater than 0.25m. The number M of the transverse secondary beams 3-3 is calculated using the following formula: M = X / 0.25-1; Wherein, X is the spacing of the transverse main beam 3-1, and when M is a decimal, it is rounded up to the nearest integer.

[0034] Example 4 The sand-retaining and water-releasing system of the sand-retaining dam of the present invention comprises a main tower 1 which is U-shaped as a whole and has an opening pointing upstream, an upstream support frame 3 and a downstream support frame 9. The upstream support frame 3 and the downstream support frame 9 are both fixedly connected to the main tower 1, and the upstream support frame 3 is perpendicular to the bottom of the main tower 1, and the downstream support frame 9 is inclined to the bottom of the main tower 1.

[0035] Furthermore, a plurality of upstream connecting beams 2 are evenly spaced along the vertical direction on the upstream supporting frame 3 . The upstream connecting beams 2 are located at the position closest to the upstream inside the main tower 1 , and both ends thereof are fixedly connected to the main tower 1 , thereby strengthening the rigidity of the main tower 1 .

[0036] Furthermore, a plurality of downstream connecting beams 8 are evenly spaced along the inclined direction on the downstream supporting frame 9. The downstream connecting beams 8 are located at a position closest to the downstream inside the main tower 1. Both ends of the downstream connecting beams 8 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main tower 1, thereby enhancing the strength of the main tower 1.

[0037] Furthermore, a flexible permeable sand-trapping structure 4 is provided between the upstream supporting frame 3 and the downstream supporting frame 9 , and a downstream connecting pipe 6 is connected to the bottom of the main tower 1 near the downstream side, and a control valve 7 is provided on the downstream connecting pipe 6 .

[0038] Furthermore, if Figure 5 As shown, the flexible permeable sand retaining structure 4 includes an upstream block stone area 4-1, an upstream pebble area 4-2, an upstream crushed stone area 4-3, an upstream medium coarse sand 4-4, a downstream medium coarse sand 4-9, a downstream crushed stone area 4-8, a downstream pebble area 4-7 and a downstream block stone area 4-6, which are arranged in sequence from upstream to downstream, and a geotextile drainage layer 4-5 is also arranged between the upstream medium coarse sand 4-4 and the downstream medium coarse sand 4-9.

[0039] The design of the flexible water-permeable sand-trapping structure 4 of the present invention has many significant advantages and innovative progress. The material zones of different particle sizes arranged in sequence from upstream to downstream form a progressive sand-trapping system.

[0040] The upstream block stone area 4-1 can first resist the impact of large water flow, block large particles of sediment and debris, and its stability provides a solid foundation for the subsequent areas. The upstream pebble area 4-2 further refines the sand interception function, using the shape and arrangement of pebbles to initially disperse and slow down the water flow, intercepting slightly smaller particles of sediment. The upstream gravel area 4-3, with its smaller particle size and tight stacking, enhances the ability to filter sediment, allowing the sediment in the water flow to further settle. The upstream medium-coarse sand 4-4 can effectively intercept finer sediment particles, while the downstream medium-coarse sand 4-9 plays a role in further filtering and stabilizing the water flow. The geotechnical drainage layer 4-5 set between the two is a key innovation. It not only ensures the smooth penetration of water, but also prevents the reverse penetration of fine particles of sediment, avoiding the blockage of materials at all levels, thereby maintaining the permeability and sand interception efficiency of the entire structure, greatly extending the service life and effectiveness of the sand interception structure.

[0041] The downstream gravel area 4-8, downstream pebble area 4-7 and downstream block stone area 4-6 further enhance the stability of the overall structure and the ability to regulate water flow, ensuring that normal water discharge is not affected while intercepting sand. This design takes into account the water flow characteristics, sediment particle distribution and long-term durability. It is an efficient and stable sand-trapping structure design. Compared with traditional sand-trapping structures, it has significantly improved and progressed in sand-trapping effect, structural stability and long-term maintenance costs.

[0042] A wide-crowned weir 5 is arranged on the top of the flexible permeable sand retaining structure 4, and both ends of the wide-crowned weir 5 are connected to the main tower 1, and the height of the wide-crowned weir 5 is lower than the highest point of the main tower 1, ensuring that when the upstream water level is too high, there is space inside the main tower 1 for floods to pass over the wide-crowned weir 5.

[0043] Furthermore, the inclination angle of the downstream supporting skeleton 9 is 60° to 80°, and the inclination angle of the downstream connecting beam 8 is consistent with the inclination angle of the downstream supporting skeleton 9 .

[0044] Example 5 On the basis of Example 4, the upstream and downstream boundaries of the upstream block stone area 4-1, the upstream pebble area 4-2, the upstream gravel area 4-3, the upstream medium-coarse sand 4-4, the downstream medium-coarse sand 4-9, the downstream gravel area 4-8 and the downstream pebble area 4-7 of the sand-retaining and water-releasing system of the sand-retaining dam of the present invention are all perpendicular to the bottom of the main tower 1, the downstream block stone area 4-6 is inclined as a whole to the bottom of the main tower 1, and the inclination angle of the downstream block stone area 4-6 is consistent with the inclination angle of the downstream support skeleton 9.

[0045] Furthermore, the minimum particle size of the boulders in the upstream boulders area 4-1 and the downstream boulders area 4-6 is not less than the spacing between adjacent transverse secondary beams 3-3; The pebble size in the upstream pebble area 4-2 and the downstream pebble area 4-7 is 5 cm to 15 cm; The particle size of the gravel in the upstream gravel area 4-3 and the downstream gravel area 4-8 is 1 cm to 5 cm.

[0046] The geodrainage layer 4-5 is a filament anti-filtration geotextile.

[0047] Example 6 The present embodiment provides a technical solution: the sand-retaining and water-releasing system of the sand-retaining dam includes, from upstream to downstream, a main tower 1, an upstream connecting beam 2, an upstream supporting frame 3, a flexible permeable sand-retaining structure 4, a downstream supporting frame 9, a downstream connecting beam 8, a wide-top weir 5, a downstream connecting pipe 6, and a control valve 7.

[0048] The main tower 1, as the bearing structure of the present invention, provides support and space for the upstream connecting beam 2, the downstream connecting beam 8, the upstream supporting frame 3, the downstream supporting frame 9, the flexible permeable sand retaining structure 4, and the wide-top weir 5. The overall structure is a U-shaped structure with the opening pointing upstream.

[0049] The upstream connecting beam 2 is located at the most upstream part inside the main tower 1 , is evenly spaced along the vertical direction, and is fixedly connected to the main tower 1 , mainly to strengthen the rigidity of the main tower 1 .

[0050] The downstream connecting beam 8 is located at the most downstream inside the main tower 1, is evenly spaced along the diagonal direction, and is fixedly connected to the main tower 1. It mainly strengthens the rigidity of the main tower 1 and provides an energy dissipation and deceleration platform for the downstream falling water flow. The diagonal inclination angle is generally 60°~80°, which moves the center of gravity of the overall structure upward and provides a balancing force for the upstream water pressure and silt pressure.

[0051] The upstream support frame 3 is arranged close to the downstream of the upstream connecting beam 2 and is fixedly connected to the main tower 1, mainly providing an upstream support surface for the flexible permeable sand retaining structure 4; it mainly includes a transverse main beam 3-1, a vertical main beam 3-2, and a transverse secondary beam 3-3. The transverse main beam 3-1 and the vertical main beam 3-2 are the main frames, and the transverse secondary beam 3-3 is used to encrypt and disperse stress. The spacing between the transverse main beams 3-1 is not more than 1m, and the distance between the vertical main beams 3-2 and the inner wall of the main tower 1 is not more than 1.5m.

[0052] The downstream support frame 9 is arranged obliquely upstream of the downstream connecting beam 8 and is fixedly connected to the main tower 1 , mainly providing a downstream support surface for the flexible permeable sand retaining structure 4 . The oblique inclination angle is consistent with that of the downstream connecting beam 8 .

[0053] The flexible permeable sand-trapping structure 4 is the main permeable supporting structure of the present invention, which is arranged between the upstream supporting skeleton 3 and the downstream supporting skeleton 9. It is mainly a loose fill body, and flat pressing is adopted during implementation. It includes from upstream to downstream: upstream block stone area 4-1, upstream pebble area 4-2, upstream crushed stone area 4-3, upstream medium-coarse sand 4-4, geotextile drainage layer 4-5, downstream medium-coarse sand 4-9, downstream crushed stone area 4-8, downstream pebble area 4-7, downstream block stone area 4-6.

[0054] The upstream block rock area 4-1 and the downstream block rock area 4-6 are arranged on both sides respectively, and the minimum particle size of the block rock should exceed the spacing of the transverse secondary beam 3-3 and the excess part should not be less than 10%. The downstream surface oblique inclination angle of the downstream block rock area 4-6 is consistent with the downstream support frame 9.

[0055] The upstream pebble area 4-2 and the downstream pebble area 4-7 are arranged inside the upstream block stone area 4-1 and the downstream block stone area 4-6 respectively. The pebble particle size in the pebble area is 5cm~15cm, and the gradation should be good. The upstream and downstream boundaries of the upstream pebble area 4-2 and the downstream pebble area 4-7 are both vertical.

[0056] The upstream gravel area 4-3 and the downstream gravel area 4-8 are arranged inside the upstream pebble area 4-2 and the downstream pebble area 4-7, respectively. The pebble particle size of the gravel area is 1 cm to 5 cm. The upstream and downstream boundaries of the upstream gravel area 4-3 and the downstream gravel area 4-8 are both vertical.

[0057] The upstream medium-coarse sand 4-4 and the downstream medium-coarse sand 4-9 are arranged inside the upstream gravel area 4-3 and the downstream gravel area 4-8 respectively. The upstream and downstream boundaries of the upstream medium-coarse sand 4-4 and the downstream medium-coarse sand 4-9 are both vertical.

[0058] The geotextile drainage layer 4-5 is arranged between the upstream medium-coarse sand 4-4 and the downstream medium-coarse sand 4-9. The geotextile drainage layer 4-5 adopts filament filter geotextile or geotextile drainage net with relatively large tensile strength.

[0059] The wide-top weir 5 is arranged on the top of the flexible permeable sand retaining structure 4, which has two purposes. One is to press the top of the flexible permeable sand retaining structure 4 so that the top of the flexible permeable sand retaining structure 4 becomes a whole; the other is to overflow over the water surface and provide a water passage for excess flood.

[0060] The downstream connecting pipe 6 connects the main tower 1 with the downstream river channel, and is connected through holes at the bottom of the main tower 1. A deformation joint 10 is provided at the connection position between the downstream connecting pipe 6 and the main tower 1. A waterstop is provided in the deformation joint 10. The waterstop is arranged in the middle of the downstream connecting pipe wall, and copper waterstop or rubber waterstop is adopted. The downstream connecting pipe 6 guides the clean water to the downstream of the sand retaining dam, and is generally in the form of a buried pipe under the dam or a hydraulic tunnel.

[0061] The control valve 7 is arranged at the outlet of the downstream connecting pipe 6, and mainly controls the flow rate and flow velocity of the outlet water flow. The control valve 7 may not be set in the project without flow rate and flow velocity requirements.

[0062] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0063] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. The sediment-retaining and water-releasing system of the sediment-retaining dam is characterized by: The invention comprises a main tower (1) which is generally U-shaped and has an opening pointing upstream, wherein an upstream support frame (3) perpendicular to the bottom of the main tower (1) and a downstream support frame (9) inclined at the bottom of the main tower (1) are arranged in the main tower (1), the top of the downstream support frame (9) is inclined towards the upstream support frame (3), and a plurality of upstream connecting beams (2) and downstream connecting beams (8) are respectively arranged on the upstream support frame (3) and the downstream support frame (9) from top to bottom; the upstream connecting beams (2) and the downstream connecting beams (8) are both connected to the main tower (1); A flexible water-permeable sand-trapping structure (4) is provided between the upstream support frame (3) and the downstream support frame (9), and a downstream connecting pipe (6) is connected to the bottom of the main tower (1) near the downstream side, and a control valve (7) is provided on the downstream connecting pipe (6).

2. The sediment-retaining and water-releasing system of the sediment-retaining dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the downstream support frame (9) is 60° to 80°, and the inclination angle of the downstream connecting beam (8) is consistent with the inclination angle of the downstream support frame (9).

3. The sediment-retaining and water-releasing system of the sediment-retaining dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upstream support frame (3) and the downstream support frame (9) both comprise a plurality of vertical main beams (3-2) and a plurality of transverse main beams (3-1), both ends of the vertical main beams (3-2) and the transverse main beams (3-2) are connected to the main tower (1), the transverse main beams (3-1) are arranged perpendicular to the vertical main beams (3-2), and the distance between adjacent transverse main beams (3-1) is not greater than 1 m; The spacing between the vertical main beams (3-2) is no greater than 1.5 m, and the distance between the vertical main beams (3-2) on both sides and the inner wall of the main tower (1) on the opposite side is also no greater than 1.5 m.

4. The sediment retaining and water releasing system of the sediment retaining dam according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of transverse secondary beams (3-3) are also arranged between adjacent transverse main beams (3-1), both ends of the transverse secondary beams (3-3) are connected to the main tower (1), and the spacing between adjacent transverse secondary beams (3-3) is no more than 0.25 m.

5. The sediment retaining and water releasing system of the sediment retaining dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wide-crowned weir (5) is provided on the top of the flexible permeable sand retaining structure (4), both ends of the wide-crowned weir (5) are connected to the main tower (1), and the height of the wide-crowned weir (5) is lower than the highest point of the main tower (1).

6. The sediment retaining and water releasing system of the sediment retaining dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible permeable sand retaining structure (4) comprises an upstream block stone area (4-1), an upstream pebble area (4-2), an upstream crushed stone area (4-3), an upstream medium-coarse sand (4-4), a downstream medium-coarse sand (4-9), a downstream crushed stone area (4-8), a downstream pebble area (4-7) and a downstream block stone area (4-6) which are arranged in sequence from upstream to downstream, and a geotechnical drainage layer (4-5) is also arranged between the upstream medium-coarse sand (4-4) and the downstream medium-coarse sand (4-9).

7. The sediment retaining and water releasing system of the sediment retaining dam according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upstream and downstream boundaries of the upstream block stone area (4-1), the upstream pebble area (4-2), the upstream crushed stone area (4-3), the upstream medium-coarse sand (4-4), the downstream medium-coarse sand (4-9), the downstream crushed stone area (4-8) and the downstream pebble area (4-7) are all perpendicular to the bottom of the main tower (1), and the downstream block stone area (4-6) is tilted as a whole to the bottom of the main tower (1), and the tilt angle of the downstream block stone area (4-6) is consistent with the tilt angle of the downstream support frame (9).

8. The sediment-retaining and water-releasing system of the sediment-retaining dam according to claim 6, characterized in that: The minimum particle size of the boulders in the upstream boulders area (4-1) and the downstream boulders area (4-6) is not less than the spacing between adjacent transverse secondary beams (3-3); The pebble size in the upstream pebble area (4-2) and the downstream pebble area (4-7) is 5 cm to 15 cm; The particle size of the gravel in the upstream gravel area (4-3) and the downstream gravel area (4-8) is 1 cm to 5 cm.

9. The sediment retaining and water releasing system of the sediment retaining dam according to claim 6, characterized in that: The geotextile drainage layer (4-5) is a filament anti-filtration geotextile or a geotextile drainage net.

10. The sediment retaining and water releasing system of the sediment retaining dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: A deformation joint (10) is provided at the connection position between the downstream connecting pipe (6) and the main tower (1), and a water stop is provided in the deformation joint (10).

Images