Foundation pit supporting system

Abstract

The invention provides a foundation pit supporting system, and belongs to the technical field of constructional engineering. According to the structure, an inner supporting frame is located in an outer supporting frame, a rectangular steel column of a bridging frame is located between the outer supporting frame and the inner supporting frame, the two Y-shaped ends of the bridging frame abut against the inner wall of the outer supporting frame and the outer wall of the inner supporting frame respectively, and a connecting disc of the bridging frame abuts against the inner wall of the inner supporting frame; the reinforcing anchor rods extend into the external contact structure, and a plurality of vertical supporting columns are arranged on the outer wall of the outer supporting frame. A frame structure with an inner layer and an outer layer is constructed, on the basis, a whole is formed through the bridging frames, and the reinforcing anchor rods are installed; the reinforcing anchor rod is wedged into the soil layer of the foundation pit and is fixed with the soil layer by using the anchor bolt with the wing plate and the aileron, so that the stability is fully enhanced; meanwhile, the vertical supporting columns are arranged on the outer side of the outer supporting frame, and the structural strength is guaranteed. The supporting structure has better structural strength and is stable and reliable when used for supporting the foundation pit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of construction engineering, and in particular to a foundation pit support system. Background Art

[0002] Foundation pit support is a measure of support, reinforcement and protection for the side walls and surrounding environment to ensure the safety of underground structure construction and the surrounding environment of the foundation pit. Foundation pit support projects are usually regarded as temporary projects, mainly used to protect the construction safety of underground main structures and the safety of the surrounding environment. It includes support, reinforcement and protection measures, and requires groundwater control.

[0003] Common forms of foundation pit support engineering are as follows: 1. Slope excavation Advantages: lowest cost and fast construction progress.

[0004] Disadvantages: large amount of backfill soil, and local collapse is easy to occur due to soaking in rainy season.

[0005] Applicable: The site is open, the soil is good, and there are no important buildings and underground pipelines around.

[0006] 2. Soil nail wall Advantages: stable and reliable, good economy and good effect.

[0007] Disadvantages: It is difficult to use in areas with poor soil quality, requires layered excavation of earthworks, and requires more equipment on the construction site.

[0008] Application: Mainly used in areas with good soil quality and for excavating shallow foundation pits.

[0009] 3. Composite soil nail wall Advantages: The composite soil nail wall has the dual functions of retaining soil and stopping water; generally there is no support in the pit, which is convenient for mechanized excavation.

[0010] Disadvantages: Long construction period.

[0011] Applicable to: soft soil layers, backfill soil or vertical excavation areas with site restrictions.

[0012] 4. Steel sheet piles Advantages: good durability, high secondary utilization rate; easy construction and short construction period.

[0013] Disadvantages: It cannot block small particles and water in the soil. Water isolation or precipitation measures should be taken in areas with high groundwater levels. The cantilever has weak bending resistance and large deformation after excavation.

[0014] Applicable: Cantilever support is suitable for foundation pits less than 4m.

[0015] (V) Cast-in-place pile + anchor cable Advantages: high wall strength, high rigidity, good support stability, and small deformation. There are many choices of hole-forming equipment according to the soil layer and construction period requirements.

[0016] Disadvantages: high cost and long construction period. The gaps between piles can easily cause soil erosion, especially in high water level sand layer areas.

[0017] Applicable: Mainly used for foundation pits designed for basements with 2 floors or more, using anchor cables to control deformation. Foundation pit projects with a pit depth of 8 to 20 meters, suitable for poor soil layers.

[0018] (VI) Gravity cement soil retaining wall Advantages: No pollution during construction, simple construction, no need to use anchor rods or supports due to the gravity structure, convenient for foundation pit excavation construction, good anti-seepage performance, dual effects of retaining wall and water-stop curtain, and relatively low cost.

[0019] Disadvantages: The construction speed is slow because the mixing piles must reach a certain age before excavation. As the foundation pit deepens, the width of the retaining wall increases, and the cost increases significantly. When the mixing piles cannot penetrate the thick soft soil area, the deformation of the foundation pit is relatively large.

[0020] Applicable to: thick backfill, silt, and muddy soil areas.

[0021] (VII) Underground continuous wall Advantages: high rigidity and good water-stopping effect.

[0022] Disadvantages: high cost, high construction site requirements, and special equipment required for construction.

[0023] Applicable: poor and complex geological conditions, deep foundation pit, and high requirements for the surrounding environment.

[0024] (VIII) SMW method Advantages: The construction is basically noise-free, with little impact on the surrounding environment, reliable structural strength, good waterproof and anti-seepage performance, deep foundation pits can be combined with multiple anchor cables or supports, and H-shaped steel can be recycled to reduce costs.

[0025] Disadvantages: The soft pile machine at the construction site is unstable, or the guide trench is excavated too deep and the trench wall is unstable, which causes the pile mixing machine to tilt and affects the verticality of the pile mixing; construction cannot be carried out if more underground obstacles are encountered; if the construction exceeds 18m in the sand layer with medium density or above, buried drilling accidents are very likely to occur, and the steel pile cannot be inserted to the designed depth by its own weight.

[0026] Applicable: It can be applied to soil, silt, clay, sand, sand, gravel, pebbles and other soil layers.

[0027] (IX) Guard piles + concrete support Advantages: Give full play to the advantages of materials; speed up earth excavation and transportation; reduce project costs; not limited by insufficient surrounding sites.

[0028] Disadvantages: heavy weight, harmful to the environment, slightly more expensive than steel internal supports, difficult to dismantle, and produces a lot of construction waste.

[0029] (10) Guard piles + prefabricated steel support Advantages: No cast-in-place joints, faster installation, easier to ensure construction quality; Steel structure is a ductile material with better earthquake resistance; Steel structure is light and has low foundation cost; Steel structure is a recyclable material, green and environmentally friendly; Well-designed steel structure prefabricated buildings are more economical than prefabricated concrete buildings. The beam and column sections are smaller, which can obtain more usable area.

[0030] Disadvantages: Compared with precast concrete structures, the exterior wall system is different and complex than traditional buildings. If not designed properly, steel structures are more expensive than traditional concrete structures.

[0031] The design requirements for foundation pit support mainly include the following aspects: (1) The design should set the horizontal displacement control value of the supporting structure and the settlement control value of the buildings around the foundation pit, and put forward clear use requirements for the foundation pit, such as the load limit around the foundation pit, groundwater and surface water control. These design conditions and foundation pit use requirements should be clearly reflected in the design documents as important contents. The general plan and section drawings of the structural design should be accurately marked, and the construction precautions should be noted in the design instructions to strictly prevent the actual situation during the construction and use of the supporting structure from exceeding these design conditions.

[0032] (2) Sufficient construction working space should be left between the supporting structure and the main underground structure, and the installed anchor rods, waist beams, and internal supports should not hinder the construction of the main underground structure and waterproofing construction.

[0033] (3) The calculation of the supporting structure should be carried out according to the actual conditions of the foundation pit excavation and the supporting structure. The working conditions of the design and calculation should be consistent with the actual construction conditions. The design documents should indicate the construction sequence of each component of the supporting structure and the corresponding foundation pit excavation depth to prevent the foundation pit excavation from being incomplete and not carried out according to the planned requirements, resulting in excessive excavation and engineering accidents.

[0034] In addition to the possible differences in foundation pit depth, surrounding environmental conditions and additional loads, changes in geological conditions are a very important particularity of the support structure that is different from the superstructure. The distribution and thickness of naturally formed soil layers within the scope of the foundation pit scale often vary greatly. When there are differences in foundation pit depth, surrounding environment and geological conditions, the impact of these differences on the soil pressure load of the support structure cannot be ignored. With the existing technology, the strength and reliability of conventional support structures still need to be improved. In this case, how to design a more stable and reliable foundation pit support structure is a technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0035] The present invention aims to provide a foundation pit support system to address the technical defects of the prior art, so as to solve the technical problem that the strength and stability of conventional support structures need to be improved.

[0036] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A foundation pit support system, including a reinforcement anchor rod, an external support frame, a bridging frame, an internal support frame, and a pillar; wherein the reinforcement anchor rod includes an anchor rod body, an anchor bolt, a wing plate, and a flap; the anchor rod body is provided with a plurality of anchor bolts; the anchor bolt includes a wing plate, and a plurality of flaps are provided on the edge of the wing plate; the bridging frame includes a rectangular steel column, a Y-shaped end, a through hole, a mounting rod, an end head, a connecting plate, an outer trough body, and an inner trough body; the inner and outer ends of the rectangular steel column are both provided with a Y-shaped end, and the Y-shaped end is provided with a through hole; the mounting rod passes through the through hole and is threadedly connected to the anchor rod body; and the outer side of the mounting rod is provided with a Y-shaped end. An end is provided, a connecting plate is provided on the end, an outer trough body is provided on the Y-shaped end located on the outer side of the rectangular steel column, and an inner trough body is provided on the Y-shaped end located on the inner side of the rectangular steel column; the inner support frame is located inside the outer support frame, the rectangular steel column of the bridging frame is located between the outer support frame and the inner support frame, the two Y-shaped ends of the bridging frame are respectively against the inner wall of the outer support frame and the outer wall of the inner support frame, the connecting plate of the bridging frame is against the inner wall of the inner support frame, the reinforcement anchor rod extends into the external contact structure, and a plurality of vertical support pillars are provided on the outer wall of the outer support frame.

[0037] Preferably, the wing plate and the aileron are not located on the same plane, the ends of the wing plate and the ends of the aileron both have cone heads, and the wing plate and the aileron are both located in the soil layer of the inner wall of the foundation pit.

[0038] Preferably, it further comprises a plurality of wedge blocks, wherein the plurality of wedge blocks are supported in the outer trough body and the inner trough body respectively.

[0039] Preferably, it further comprises masonry, wherein the masonry is located at the inner wall of the foundation pit, and the reinforcing anchor rods penetrate through the masonry.

[0040] Preferably, the inner support frame, the outer support frame and the masonry form a three-level support structure from the inside to the outside, and the pillars are located between the outer support frame and the masonry.

[0041] Preferably, the thickness of the masonry is 12-18 cm and is built with C25 or C30 concrete.

[0042] Preferably, on each supporting surface, a plurality of reinforcing anchor rods are arranged in an array structure, and the wing plates of adjacent reinforcing anchor rods are staggered with each other.

[0043] Preferably, the spacings between adjacent pillars are equal, and connecting rods are connected between adjacent pillars.

[0044] Preferably, the outer support frame and the inner support frame are both hard metal mesh structures, and slots are provided on the outer support frame and the inner support frame, and the Y-shaped ends on both sides of the bridging frame are inserted into the slots.

[0045] Preferably, a plurality of vertical supporting pillars are also provided on the inner wall of the inner supporting frame.

[0046] In the above technical scheme, the inner support frame and the outer support frame form an inner and outer two-level support structure, and the reinforcement anchor rod is used to anchor the soil layer on the inner wall of the foundation pit, wherein the anchor rod body is in the shape of a rod, which is the main body of the reinforcement anchor rod, and the anchor bolt on its side wall is used as the fulcrum of the reinforcement anchor rod and the soil layer, and the anchor bolt adopts a wing plate with aileron to extend to both sides, and the wing plate and the aileron can be maintained at different plane positions to increase the fixing force between the reinforcement anchor rod and the soil layer. On the one hand, the bridge frame plays a role in bearing and fixing the reinforcement anchor rod, and on the other hand, it supports between the inner support frame and the outer support frame, and its rectangular steel column extends vertically, thereby covering the complete plane of the inner support frame and the outer support frame in the vertical direction, and the Y-shaped ends on both sides are plugged or fixed with the inner support frame and the outer support frame, so as to play a connecting role between the support frames on both sides; the through hole is for the installation rod to pass through, and the installation rod is connected to the reinforcement anchor rod, and the end is a natural extension of the inner side of the installation rod, and the connecting plate is fixed to the inner support frame; the outer trough body and the inner trough body can be further provided with wedges to improve the stability of the structure. On the basis of the above supporting structure, pillars are further added at the outer wall of the outer supporting frame to fully enhance the stability of the structure. In addition, the present invention can further add a masonry structure made of concrete materials, which not only plays a supporting and fixing role on the inner wall of the foundation pit, but also enhances the stability of the anchor bolt fixation.

[0047] The present invention provides a foundation pit support system. The technical solution constructs an inner and outer double-layer frame structure, on this basis, a bridging frame is used to form a whole, and a reinforcement anchor rod is installed; the reinforcement anchor rod is wedged into the foundation pit soil layer and fixed to the soil layer by anchor bolts with wing plates and ailerons, which fully enhances the stability; at the same time, vertical pillars are arranged on the outside of the outer support frame to ensure the structural strength. The support structure of the present invention has better structural strength and is stable and reliable for foundation pit support. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 It is an overall diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is a cutaway view of the present invention; Figure 3 It is the first partial view of the bridge frame and reinforcement anchors; Figure 4 It is the second partial view of the bridge frame and reinforcement anchors; Figure 5 is a partial view of the end of the reinforcement anchor; In the figure: 1. Masonry 2. Reinforcement of anchor rods 3. External support frame 4. Bridge 5. Internal support frame 6. Pillar 201. Anchor body 202. Anchor bolt 203. Wing 204. Aileron 401. Rectangular steel column 402, Y-type end 403, through hole 404, Mounting rod 405, terminal 406, Connector 407, outer tank 408. Inner tank body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. In order to avoid too much unnecessary details, the well-known structures or functions will not be described in detail in the following examples. The approximate language used in the following examples can be used for quantitative expression, indicating that the quantity can be allowed to have a certain change without changing the basic function. Unless otherwise defined, the technical and scientific terms used in the following examples have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0050] Example 1 A foundation pit support system, such as Figure 1~Figure 5 As shown, it includes a reinforcement anchor rod 2, an outer support frame 3, a bridging frame 4, an inner support frame 5, and a pillar 6; wherein the reinforcement anchor rod 2 includes an anchor rod body 201, an anchor bolt 202, a wing plate 203, and an aileron 204, wherein the anchor rod body 201 is provided with a plurality of anchor bolts 202, the anchor bolt 202 includes a wing plate 203, and a plurality of ailerons 204 are provided on the edge of the wing plate 203; the bridging frame 4 includes a rectangular steel column 401, a Y-shaped end 402, a through hole 403, a mounting rod 404, an end 405, a connecting plate 406, an outer trough body 407, and an inner trough body 408, wherein both the inner and outer ends of the rectangular steel column 401 are provided with a Y-shaped end 402, a through hole 403 is provided on the Y-shaped end 402, and the mounting rod 404 passes through the through hole 403 and is connected to the anchor rod body 201 Threaded connection, an end 405 is provided on the outer side of the mounting rod 404, a connecting plate 406 is provided on the end 405, an outer trough body 407 is provided on the Y-shaped end 402 located on the outer side of the rectangular steel column 401, and an inner trough body 408 is provided on the Y-shaped end 402 located on the inner side of the rectangular steel column 401; the inner support frame 5 is located inside the outer support frame 3, the rectangular steel column 401 of the bridging frame 4 is located between the outer support frame 3 and the inner support frame 5, the two Y-shaped ends 402 of the bridging frame 4 are respectively against the inner wall of the outer support frame 3 and the outer wall of the inner support frame 5, the connecting plate 406 of the bridging frame 4 is against the inner wall of the inner support frame 5, the reinforcement anchor rod 2 extends into the external contact structure, and a number of vertical supporting pillars 6 are provided on the outer wall of the outer support frame 3.

[0051] In the above technical scheme, the inner support frame 5 and the outer support frame 3 form an inner and outer two-level support structure, and the reinforcement anchor rod 2 is used for anchoring the soil layer on the inner wall of the foundation pit, wherein the anchor rod body 201 is rod-shaped, which is the main body of the reinforcement anchor rod 2, and the anchor bolt 202 on its side wall serves as the fulcrum of the reinforcement anchor rod 2 and the soil layer. The anchor bolt 202 adopts a wing plate 203 with aileron 204 to extend to both sides, and the wing plate 203 and the aileron 204 can be maintained in different plane positions to increase the fixing force between the reinforcement anchor rod 2 and the soil layer. On the one hand, the bridge frame 4 plays a role in bearing and fixing the reinforcement anchor rod 2, and on the other hand, it supports between the inner support frame 5 and the outer support frame 3. Its rectangular steel column 401 extends vertically, thereby covering the complete plane of the inner support frame 5 and the outer support frame 3 in the vertical direction. The Y-shaped ends 402 on both sides are plugged or fixed with the inner support frame 5 and the outer support frame 3, and play a connecting role between the support frames on both sides; the through hole 403 is for the installation rod 404 to pass through, and the installation rod 404 is connected to the reinforcement anchor rod 2. The end 405 is a natural extension of the inner side of the installation rod 404, and the connecting plate 406 is fixed to the inner support frame 5; the outer trough body 407 and the inner trough body 408 can be further equipped with wedges to improve the stability of the structure. On the basis of the above support structure, a pillar 6 is further added at the outer wall of the outer support frame 3 to fully enhance the stability of the structure. In addition, the present invention can further add a masonry 1 structure, which is built of concrete materials, which not only plays a supporting and fixing role on the inner wall of the foundation pit, but also enhances the stability of the anchor rod fixation.

[0052] Example 2 A foundation pit support system, such as Figure 1~Figure 5As shown, it includes a reinforcement anchor rod 2, an outer support frame 3, a bridging frame 4, an inner support frame 5, and a pillar 6; wherein the reinforcement anchor rod 2 includes an anchor rod body 201, an anchor bolt 202, a wing plate 203, and an aileron 204, wherein the anchor rod body 201 is provided with a plurality of anchor bolts 202, the anchor bolt 202 includes a wing plate 203, and a plurality of ailerons 204 are provided on the edge of the wing plate 203; the bridging frame 4 includes a rectangular steel column 401, a Y-shaped end 402, a through hole 403, a mounting rod 404, an end 405, a connecting plate 406, an outer trough body 407, and an inner trough body 408, wherein both the inner and outer ends of the rectangular steel column 401 are provided with a Y-shaped end 402, a through hole 403 is provided on the Y-shaped end 402, and the mounting rod 404 passes through the through hole 403 and is connected to the anchor rod body 201 Threaded connection, an end 405 is provided on the outer side of the mounting rod 404, a connecting plate 406 is provided on the end 405, an outer trough body 407 is provided on the Y-shaped end 402 located on the outer side of the rectangular steel column 401, and an inner trough body 408 is provided on the Y-shaped end 402 located on the inner side of the rectangular steel column 401; the inner support frame 5 is located inside the outer support frame 3, the rectangular steel column 401 of the bridging frame 4 is located between the outer support frame 3 and the inner support frame 5, the two Y-shaped ends 402 of the bridging frame 4 are respectively against the inner wall of the outer support frame 3 and the outer wall of the inner support frame 5, the connecting plate 406 of the bridging frame 4 is against the inner wall of the inner support frame 5, the reinforcement anchor rod 2 extends into the external contact structure, and a number of vertical supporting pillars 6 are provided on the outer wall of the outer support frame 3. Among them, the wing plate 203 and the aileron 204 are not located on the same plane, the ends of the wing plate 203 and the ends of the aileron 204 both have cone heads, and the wing plate 203 and the aileron 204 are both located in the soil layer of the inner wall of the foundation pit. It also includes a plurality of wedges, which are supported in the outer trough 407 and the inner trough 408 respectively. It also includes a masonry 1, which is located at the inner wall of the foundation pit, and the reinforcement anchor rod 2 passes through the masonry 1. The inner support frame 5, the outer support frame 3, and the masonry 1 form a three-level support structure from the inside to the outside, and the pillar 6 is located between the outer support frame 3 and the masonry 1. The thickness of the masonry 1 is 12~18cm, and it is built of C25 or C30 concrete. On each supporting surface, a plurality of reinforcement anchor rods 2 are arranged in an array structure, and the wing plates 203 of adjacent reinforcement anchor rods 2 are staggered. The spacing between adjacent pillars 6 is equal, and connecting rods are connected between adjacent pillars 6. The outer support frame 3 and the inner support frame 5 are both hard metal mesh structures, and slots are provided on the outer support frame 3 and the inner support frame 5, and the Y-shaped ends 402 on both sides of the bridge frame 4 are inserted into the slots. A plurality of vertical support pillars 6 are also provided on the inner wall of the inner support frame 5.

[0053] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the contents are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the scope of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A foundation pit support system, characterized in that The invention comprises a reinforcement anchor rod (2), an outer support frame (3), a bridging frame (4), an inner support frame (5), and a pillar (6); wherein the reinforcement anchor rod (2) comprises an anchor rod body (201), an anchor bolt (202), a wing plate (203), and a flap (204); the anchor rod body (201) is provided with a plurality of anchor bolts (202); the anchor bolt (202) comprises a wing plate (203), and a plurality of flaps (204) are provided at the edge of the wing plate (203). The bridging frame (4) comprises a rectangular steel column (401), a Y-shaped end (402), a through hole (403), a mounting rod (404), an end (405), a connecting plate (406), an outer trough (407), and an inner trough (408). The inner and outer ends of the rectangular steel column (401) both have a Y-shaped end (402), and the Y-shaped end (402) is provided with a through hole (403). The mounting rod (404) passes through the through hole (403) and is connected to the anchor rod body ( 201) threaded connection, an end head (405) is provided on the outside of the mounting rod (404), a connecting plate (406) is provided on the end head (405), an outer groove body (407) is provided on the Y-shaped end (402) located on the outside of the rectangular steel column (401), and an inner groove body (408) is provided on the Y-shaped end (402) located on the inside of the rectangular steel column (401); the inner support frame (5) is located inside the outer support frame (3), and the rectangular shape of the bridge frame (4) is The steel column (401) is located between the outer support frame (3) and the inner support frame (5); the two Y-shaped ends (402) of the bridge frame (4) are respectively against the inner wall of the outer support frame (3) and the outer wall of the inner support frame (5); the connecting plate (406) of the bridge frame (4) is against the inner wall of the inner support frame (5); the reinforcement anchor rod (2) extends into the external contact structure; and a plurality of vertical support pillars (6) are provided on the outer wall of the outer support frame (3).

2. A foundation pit support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wing plate (203) and the aileron (204) are not located on the same plane, the end of the wing plate (203) and the end of the aileron (204) both have a cone head, and the wing plate (203) and the aileron (204) are both located in the soil layer of the inner wall of the foundation pit.

3. A foundation pit support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of wedge blocks, which are respectively supported in the outer slot body (407) and the inner slot body (408).

4. A foundation pit support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a masonry (1), wherein the masonry (1) is located on the inner wall of the foundation pit, and the reinforcement anchor rod (2) passes through the masonry (1).

5. A foundation pit support system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner support frame (5), the outer support frame (3), and the masonry (1) form a three-level support structure from the inside to the outside, and the support column (6) is located between the outer support frame (3) and the masonry (1).

6. A foundation pit support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the masonry (1) is 12 to 18 cm and is made of C25 or C30 concrete.

7. A foundation pit support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: On each supporting surface, a plurality of reinforcing anchor rods (2) are arranged in an array structure, and the wing plates (203) of adjacent reinforcing anchor rods (2) are staggered with each other.

8. A foundation pit support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing between adjacent pillars (6) is equal, and connecting rods are connected between adjacent pillars (6).

9. A foundation pit support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer support frame (3) and the inner support frame (5) are both hard metal mesh structures. Slots are provided on the outer support frame (3) and the inner support frame (5), and the Y-shaped ends (402) on both sides of the bridge frame (4) are inserted into the slots.

10. A foundation pit support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of vertical supporting pillars (6) are also provided on the inner wall of the inner supporting frame (5).

Images