Trencher based on improvement of excavating equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a trencher based on improvement of excavating equipment, which is characterized in that an original excavating working device is detached from an upper body of an original excavator, and a trenching device is additionally arranged on the upper body of the original excavator; the ditching device comprises a supporting arm frame and a ditching chain. The supporting arm frame is connected with the original upper machine body and rotationally provided with a driving wheel set and a tensioning wheel set. The trenching chain is arranged on the driving wheel set and the tensioning wheel set in a sleeving mode so as to conduct continuous trenching operation; the original engine-hydraulic power system is additionally provided with a ditching driving motor, and the ditching driving motor is connected with a driving wheel set; the ditching driving motor realizes rotary driving and stopping actions of the ditching chain through an original movable arm oil cylinder confluence oil way in the original engine-hydraulic power system and is additionally connected with a pilot valve for control; the original left and right track driving oil ways are respectively connected with the small-flow proportional valves, the small-flow proportional valves are respectively connected with the original left and right track driving oil ways in parallel, a small part of hydraulic power is shunted from the original main pump oil way, the trencher is driven to crawl at a low speed during trenching operation, and the trencher can move while trenching during operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery, and in particular relates to a trencher modified based on excavation equipment. Background Art

[0002] At present, single bucket excavators are mostly used in ground trenching projects. However, trenchers, as trenching construction equipment that can dig shaped ditches and move continuously, are more suitable for long-distance shaped ditch excavation projects.

[0003] In trenching operations, trenchers have the advantages of less engineering investment and higher work efficiency compared to single-bucket excavators, especially for narrow and deep trench excavation operations, the efficiency of trenchers is higher than that of single-bucket excavators; and trenchers can dig harder soil and even softer rocks, while excavators find it difficult to dig harder rocks and soil.

[0004] However, trenchers in the prior art are only suitable for excavation of shaped trenches, which greatly limits their scope of use and relatively high equipment investment costs, affecting their widespread application. In contrast, single-bucket excavators are more applicable and can be widely used in a variety of excavation earthwork projects.

[0005] If the excavator can be converted into a trencher, the advantages of the trencher's neat trench shape and high operating efficiency can be fully utilized, and the huge social stock of excavators can be used to reduce the cost of trenching equipment. However, the excavator is not suitable for the working conditions of the trencher. For example, the working condition set for the excavator is that the machine stops in place to perform excavation operations. The excavation work device cannot work when the crawler is moving. Therefore, the crawler driving and excavation operations of the excavator cannot be performed at the same time, which is not suitable for the working conditions of the trencher to dig trenches while driving. It can be seen that if only a trenching device is attached to a single-bucket excavator, although it can achieve the excavation of a shaped trench, it cannot achieve digging trenches while moving, and thus cannot form a long-distance neat trench shape. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a trenching machine based on the modification of excavation equipment, which utilizes the existing excavator, retains the original crawler driving chassis, upper body and engine-hydraulic power system, and then adds a trenching device and an additional hydraulic system modification, which can realize trenching operations while moving forward, and is suitable for the excavation of long-distance shaped trenches; it can not only improve the efficiency of trenching operations, but also make full use of the huge existing social stock of excavators, and can reduce equipment and construction costs.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A trencher modified from an excavation device, comprising an original crawler chassis, an original upper body and an original engine-hydraulic power system of the original excavator, wherein the original engine-hydraulic power system comprises an original control system, and the original crawler chassis is provided with an original left crawler and an original right crawler; the feature is that the original upper body is removed from the original excavation working device and is additionally equipped with a trenching device;

[0009] The trenching device comprises a supporting arm and an annular trenching chain, wherein the front end of the supporting arm is connected to the original upper body through a connecting bracket; a trenching driving wheel group and a trenching tensioning wheel group are rotatably mounted on the supporting arm; the trenching chain is sleeved on the trenching driving wheel group and the trenching tensioning wheel group for continuous trenching operation;

[0010] The original engine-hydraulic power system is additionally equipped with a trenching drive motor, and the trenching drive motor is connected to the trenching drive wheel set; the trenching drive motor passes through the confluent oil circuit of the original boom oil cylinder in the original engine-hydraulic power system, and is additionally connected to a pilot valve for control, so as to realize the rotation drive and stop action of the trenching chain;

[0011] The driving oil circuits of the original left crawler and the original right crawler are respectively connected with small flow proportional valves, and the two small flow proportional valves are respectively connected in parallel with the driving oil circuits of the original left crawler and the original right crawler, so as to divert a small part of the hydraulic power from the original main pump oil circuit to drive the trenching machine to crawl at a low speed during trenching operation, so as to enable the trenching machine to move while digging trenches.

[0012] The trenching machine based on the modification of the excavation equipment of the present invention utilizes the original excavator of the prior art, retains the original crawler driving chassis, the original upper body and the original engine-hydraulic power system, and is further modified by the trenching device and the additional hydraulic system, so as to realize trenching operations while moving forward, and is suitable for the excavation of long-distance shaped trenches; it can not only improve the efficiency of trenching operations, but also make full use of the huge existing social stock of excavators, and can reduce equipment and construction costs.

[0013] Preferably, the trenching chain is arranged as a single row or two rows, or more than a plurality of rows of chains;

[0014] A scraper plate is mounted on the trenching chain, a knife holder is mounted on the scraper plate, and a digging knife is mounted on the knife holder;

[0015] The trenching knife is configured as trenching teeth, and the trenching teeth are sharp teeth; or the trenching knife is configured as a trenching shovel, and the cross section of the trenching shovel is arc-shaped, and the shovel tip is conical;

[0016] The scraper board is in an "L" shape.

[0017] The original upper body is provided with two groups of original pin holes for installing the original boom cylinder and the boom of the original excavation working device, the front end of the support arm frame is rotatably connected to the rear end of the connecting bracket, and the front end of the connecting bracket is connected to the two groups of original pin holes;

[0018] The original engine-hydraulic power system is additionally equipped with a luffing cylinder, and a pair of luffing cylinders are provided, which are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the supporting arm; the two ends of the luffing cylinder are respectively rotatably connected to the supporting arm and the connecting bracket, and the supporting arm is raised and lowered by pushing and pulling the luffing cylinder, thereby realizing the luffing of the trenching device to adjust the trenching depth.

[0019] The trenching device is arranged at the center position of the original excavator in the left and right lateral directions, and is arranged at a preset distance position and a preset height position behind the original crawler traveling chassis;

[0020] A front rotating shaft is arranged at the front end of the support arm, and the trenching drive motor is installed at one side of the front rotating shaft and is directly connected to the trenching drive wheel set; the trenching drive motor is arranged as a low-speed and high-torque motor.

[0021] The driving motor of the crawler chassis includes a left travel motor and a right travel motor, and the left travel motor and the right travel motor are respectively arranged in the driving oil circuits of the original left crawler and the original right crawler; the driving oil circuits of the original left crawler and the original right crawler are respectively connected in parallel with a small flow proportional valve and a conversion valve, and the conversion valve is used to realize the conversion of high / low speed driving of the original left crawler and the original right crawler. The high-speed driving condition is controlled by the original left travel valve and the original right travel valve of the driving oil circuit of the original left crawler and the original right crawler to provide hydraulic power, and the low-speed driving condition is controlled by the two small flow proportional valves and the original standby valve to control the oil circuit to provide hydraulic power.

[0022] The two small flow proportional valves make the small hydraulic flow diverted from the original main pump oil circuit account for 5-10% of the original main pump oil circuit, and set the working pressure of the crawler walking hydraulic oil circuit to be lower than the pressure of the trenching drive main oil circuit.

[0023] The trenching machine is provided with a soil discharge screw rod to discharge the trenched soil to one side; the soil discharge screw rod is arranged between the trenching chain and the crawler traveling chassis, the trenching driving motor is connected to the soil discharge driving sprocket through the trenching driving wheel set, the soil discharge screw rod is coaxially connected to the soil discharge sprocket, and the soil discharge driving sprocket and the soil discharge sprocket are sleeved with an annular soil discharge chain; the trenching driving motor is used to simultaneously drive the soil discharge screw rod to rotate so as to laterally push out the soil dug by the digging knife;

[0024] The original engine-hydraulic power system is additionally equipped with a swing cylinder, and the two ends of the swing cylinder are rotatably connected to the soil discharge screw rod and the connecting bracket respectively; the distance between the soil discharge screw rod and the trenching chain is adjusted by pushing and pulling the swing cylinder;

[0025] The soil-discharging spiral rod is provided with two bearing frames along the axial length, and the bearing frames are rotatably connected to the lower part of the connecting bracket through the pin hole of the first hinge support; the swing oil cylinder is provided with two, and the two ends of each swing oil cylinder are respectively rotatably connected to the second hinge support provided on the bearing frame and the pin holes on both sides of the lower edge of the middle part of the connecting bracket; the soil-discharging spiral rod is evenly loaded by the two swing oil cylinders;

[0026] A swing tensioning wheel is rotatably mounted on the connecting bracket, and the swing tensioning wheel presses down the outer side of the soil discharge chain by its own weight to tension the soil discharge chain.

[0027] The trenching machine is equipped with an independent monitoring system for trenching operations, and the monitoring system is provided with an information acquisition module and a display module, which are respectively used to collect and display the working pressure and speed information of the trenching drive motor, the working pressure and flow information of the drive motor of the crawler chassis, and the extension information of the variable-length oil cylinder;

[0028] The working pressure and speed information of the trenching drive motor are used to determine the load and running speed of the trenching chain during trenching operation, and the external load conditions are changed to meet the set requirement range by controlling the crawling speed of the crawler chassis during operation;

[0029] The working pressure and flow information of the driving motor of the crawler chassis are used to calculate the travel resistance and travel speed of the original left crawler and the original right crawler respectively; the overall travel load of the trencher is obtained by calculating the superposition value of the resistance of the original left crawler and the original right crawler; the average value of the flow information of the left travel motor and the right travel motor is used to calculate the overall travel speed of the trencher to control the operating crawling speed of the crawler chassis;

[0030] The extension information of the variable-luff cylinder is used to estimate the trenching depth h, so as to determine whether the trenching depth h of the actual operation meets the set trenching depth requirement.

[0031] The trenching machine is equipped with an independent control system for trenching operations, which includes a high / low speed driving mode conversion knob, a straight-line driving low-speed crawling handle, left and right crawler driving speed fine-tuning knobs for steering, and a trenching drive handle; the luffing cylinder and the swing cylinder are controlled by the original bucket valve operating handle and the original first boom valve operating handle respectively.

[0032] The high / low speed driving mode conversion knob is used to switch the tracked chassis to low-speed crawling when the trenching device is digging trenches; the straight-line driving low-speed crawling handle is used to control the straight-line speed in the 0-V range when the tracked chassis is crawling at a low speed; the two crawler driving speed fine-tuning knobs are used to adjust the driving speeds of the left crawler and the right crawler, respectively, to meet the turning requirements of the trenching machine; the trenching drive handle is provided with three gears for respectively controlling the start, stop and reverse of the trenching drive motor; the variable-length oil cylinder has three gears for respectively controlling the raising, stopping and lowering of the support arm; the swing oil cylinder has three gears for respectively controlling the pushing, stopping and pulling of the soil discharge screw rod.

[0033] In the monitoring system and control system, in addition to the original parts of the original excavator, the additional parts are installed on the control box, and the control box is provided with a logic programming module and an alarm module, and the logic programming module is provided with a control program; when the high / low speed driving mode conversion knob is rotated to low speed driving, the conversion valve is opened, the small flow proportional valve and the original standby valve work, and the trencher enters the low-speed crawling state during trenching operation, and the original left travel valve and the original right travel valve, the original rotary valve and the original second dipper arm valve of the original crawler driving chassis are all locked and cannot be operated, so as to realize program control to prevent misoperation; the control program is provided with the information collection module; when the data of the information exceeds the over-limit warning threshold, the alarm module alarms, and the control program sends an automatic shutdown command to the control system to control the trencher to stop moving and trenching;

[0034] The high / low speed driving mode conversion knob, the straight-line driving low-speed crawling handle, the steering left and right crawler driving speed fine-tuning knobs, and the trenching drive handle are arranged on the control box; the information acquisition module is arranged in the control box for collecting signal input; the display module is arranged as a display screen, and the display screen is arranged on the control box; the logic programming module is arranged in the control box, and the alarm module is installed in the control box.

[0035] The trencher provided by the present invention based on the modification of the excavation equipment has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. The trenching machine modified from the excavating equipment provided by the present invention realizes function conversion by retaining the original crawler chassis and the original upper body of the original excavator, removing the original boom oil cylinder and the original excavating working device, and additionally installing a trenching device, so as to facilitate trenching operation through a trenching chain; a small part of the hydraulic power is diverted from the original main pump oil circuit through a small flow proportional valve to drive the original crawler chassis to crawl at a low speed during trenching operation, thereby realizing continuous trenching of the trenching machine, which is suitable for the working condition that the trenching machine digs trenches while driving, and is conducive to forming a long-distance neat trench excavation project; it can not only improve the efficiency of trenching operation, but also make full use of the huge existing social stock of excavators, and can reduce equipment and construction costs.

[0037] 2. The trenching machine provided by the present invention, which is based on the modification of the excavation equipment, can drive the support arm of the trenching device to rise and fall through the variable amplitude oil cylinder, so as to adjust the trenching depth of the trenching device.

[0038] 3. The trenching machine provided by the present invention, which is based on the modification of the excavation equipment, can be provided with a soil discharge screw rod, which is conducive to discharging the trenched soil to one side, and is conducive to the normal trenching operation; the soil discharge screw rod can also be driven to swing and adjust its position through the swing cylinder, so as to adapt to the position change of the trenching chain caused by the amplitude change of the trenching device, thereby ensuring the soil discharge effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a front view of a trencher modified based on excavation equipment provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0041] Figure 3 It is a top view of a trencher modified based on excavation equipment provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 4 It is a rear view of a trencher modified based on excavation equipment provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 5 It is a front view of a trenching chain of a trencher based on excavation equipment modification provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 6 It is a top view of a trenching chain of a trencher based on excavation equipment modification provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 7 The present invention provides a simplified schematic diagram of the hydraulic system of a trencher based on the modification of the excavation equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Reference numerals in the figures:

[0047] 100 is the ground, 1 is the original crawler chassis, 110 is the soil discharge screw rod, 111 is the first hinge support, 112 is the second hinge support, 2 is the original upper body, 310 is the original hydraulic oil tank, 311 is the original oil suction filter, 312 is the crude oil cooler, 320 is the original hydraulic pump, 321 is the original first hydraulic pump, 322 is the original second hydraulic pump, 330 is the original control valve group, 3311 is the original left travel valve, 3312 is the original right travel valve, 332 is the original spare valve, 333 is the original rotary valve, 334 is the original second boom valve, 335 is the original bucket valve, 336 is the original first boom valve, 337 is the original first boom valve, 338 is the original second boom valve, 340 is the diversion conversion valve group, 341 It is a small flow proportional valve, 342 is a conversion valve, 350 is the original travel motor, 351 is the original left travel motor, 352 is the original right travel motor, 360 is the original rotary motor, 370 is the trenching drive motor, 380 is the variable amplitude cylinder, 390 is the swing cylinder, 391 is the soil discharge drive sprocket, 392 is the soil discharge sprocket, 393 is the soil discharge chain, 394 is the swing tensioning wheel, 410 is the support arm, 411 is the connecting bracket, 420 is the trenching drive wheel group, 430 is the trenching tensioning wheel group, 431 is the forked beam, 432 is the slideway, 433 is the supporting slider, 434 is the screw, 435 is the support plate, 440 is the trenching chain, 441 is the scraper plate, 442 is the knife seat, and 450 is the trenching knife.

[0048] in, Figure 1 In the figure, h represents the trenching depth, and the solid arrow represents the forward direction of the trenching operation. Figure 3 In the equation, w represents the trench width. Figure 4 In the figure, the solid arrow indicates the direction of soil discharge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0050] Example

[0051] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 This embodiment provides a trencher modified from an excavation device, comprising an original crawler chassis 1, an original upper body 2 and an original engine-hydraulic power system of the original excavator, wherein the original engine-hydraulic power system includes an original control system, and the original crawler chassis 1 is provided with an original left crawler and an original right crawler; the original upper body 2 is removed from the original excavation working device, and a trenching device is additionally installed;

[0052] The trenching device includes a support arm 410 and an annular trenching chain 440. The front end of the support arm 410 is connected to the original upper fuselage 2 through a connecting bracket 411. A trenching driving wheel group 420 and a trenching tensioning wheel group 430 are rotatably mounted on the support arm 410. The trenching chain 440 is sleeved on the trenching driving wheel group 420 and the trenching tensioning wheel group 430 for continuous trenching operation.

[0053] The original engine-hydraulic power system is additionally equipped with a trenching drive motor 370, which is connected to the trenching drive wheel set 420; the trenching drive motor 370 passes through the confluent oil circuit of the original boom oil cylinder in the original engine-hydraulic power system, and is additionally connected to a pilot valve for control, so as to realize the rotation drive and stop action of the trenching chain 440;

[0054] A small flow proportional valve 341 is respectively connected to the driving oil circuits of the original left crawler and the original right crawler. The two small flow proportional valves 341 are respectively connected in parallel with the driving oil circuits of the original left crawler and the original right crawler, and are used to divert a small part of the hydraulic power from the original main pump oil circuit to drive the trenching machine to crawl at a low speed during trenching operations, so that the trenching machine can dig trenches while moving.

[0055] The trencher modified based on the excavation equipment of this embodiment retains the original crawler chassis 1 and the original upper body 2 of the original excavator, removes the original boom cylinder and the original excavation working device, and additionally installs a trenching device to achieve function conversion, so as to facilitate trenching operations through trenching chains; a small part of the hydraulic power is diverted from the original main pump oil circuit through a small flow proportional valve 341 to drive the original crawler chassis 1 to crawl at a low speed during trenching operations, thereby realizing continuous trenching of the trencher, which is suitable for the working conditions of the trencher to dig trenches while driving, and is suitable for long-distance shaped trench excavation projects; it can not only improve the efficiency of trenching operations, but also make full use of the huge existing social stock of excavators, and can reduce equipment and construction costs.

[0056] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in the embodiment, the trenching chain 440 can be arranged as a single row or two rows, or more than a plurality of rows of chains according to the trenching width;

[0057] A scraper board 441 is mounted on the trenching chain 440 , a knife holder 442 is mounted on the scraper board 441 , and a digging knife 450 is mounted on the knife holder 442 ;

[0058] The trenching blade 450 is configured as trenching teeth, which are sharp teeth; or, the trenching blade 450 is configured as a trenching shovel, which has an arc-shaped cross section and a conical shovel tip;

[0059] The scraper board 441 is "L" shaped.

[0060] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in the embodiment, the original upper body 2 is provided with two groups of original pin holes for installing the original boom cylinder and the original excavation working device boom, the front end of the support arm 410 is rotatably connected to the rear end of the connecting bracket 411, and the front end of the connecting bracket 411 is connected to the two groups of original pin holes;

[0061] Please combine Figure 1 and Figure 7 The original engine-hydraulic power system is equipped with a luffing cylinder 380. A pair of luffing cylinders 380 are provided, which are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the supporting arm 410; the two ends of the luffing cylinder 380 are rotatably connected to the supporting arm 410 and the connecting bracket 411 respectively. The supporting arm 410 is raised and lowered by pushing and pulling the luffing cylinder 380, so that the trenching device can be luffed to adjust the trenching depth.

[0062] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, in the embodiment, the trenching device is arranged at the center position of the original excavator in the left and right lateral directions, and is arranged at a preset distance position and a preset height position behind the original crawler traveling chassis 1;

[0063] Please combine Figure 3 A front rotating shaft is provided at the front end of the support arm 410, and the trenching drive motor 370 is installed on one side of the front rotating shaft and is directly connected to the trenching drive wheel group 420; the trenching drive motor 370 is set as a low-speed and high-torque motor.

[0064] like Figure 7 As shown, in the embodiment, the driving motor of the tracked chassis 1 includes a left travel motor 351 and a right travel motor 352, and the left travel motor 351 and the right travel motor 352 are respectively arranged in the driving oil circuits of the original left track and the original right track; the driving oil circuits of the original left track and the original right track are also connected in parallel with a small flow proportional valve 341 and a conversion valve 342, respectively, and the conversion of the high / low speed driving of the original left track and the original right track is realized by the conversion valve 342. The high-speed driving condition is controlled by the original left travel valve 3311 and the original right travel valve 3312 of the driving oil circuit of the original left track and the original right track to provide hydraulic power, and the low-speed driving condition is controlled by two small flow proportional valves 341 and the original standby valve 332 to control the oil circuit to provide hydraulic power.

[0065] Specifically, the two small flow proportional valves 341 make the small part of the hydraulic flow diverted from the original main pump oil circuit account for 5-10% of the original main pump oil circuit, and set the working pressure of the crawler walking hydraulic oil circuit to be lower than the pressure of the trenching drive main oil circuit.

[0066] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in the embodiment, the trenching machine is provided with a soil discharge screw rod 110 to discharge the trenched soil to one side; the soil discharge screw rod 110 is arranged between the trenching chain 440 and the crawler traveling chassis 1, the trenching driving motor 370 is connected to the soil discharge driving sprocket 391 through the trenching driving wheel group 420, the soil discharge screw rod 110 is coaxially connected with the soil discharge sprocket 392, and the soil discharge driving sprocket 391 and the soil discharge sprocket 392 are sleeved with an annular soil discharge chain 393; the trenching driving motor 370 can simultaneously drive the soil discharge screw rod 110 to rotate to push out the soil dug by the digging knife 450 laterally;

[0067] Please combine Figure 1 and Figure 7 The original engine-hydraulic power system is additionally equipped with a swing cylinder 390, and the two ends of the swing cylinder 390 are rotatably connected to the soil discharge screw rod 110 and the connecting bracket 411 respectively; the distance between the soil discharge screw rod 110 and the trenching chain 440 is adjusted by pushing and pulling the swing cylinder 390.

[0068] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the soil-discharging screw rod 110 is provided with two bearing frames along the axial length, and the bearing frames are rotatably connected to the lower side of the connecting bracket 411 through the pin hole of the first hinge fulcrum 111; two swing cylinders 390 are provided, and the two ends of each swing cylinder 390 are rotatably connected to the second hinge fulcrum 112 provided on the bearing frame and the pin holes on both sides of the lower edge of the middle part of the connecting bracket 411; the soil-discharging screw rod 110 is evenly loaded by the two swing cylinders 390;

[0069] A swing tensioning wheel 394 is rotatably mounted on the connecting bracket 411 . The swing tensioning wheel 394 presses down the outer side of the soil discharge chain 393 by its own weight to tension the soil discharge chain 393 .

[0070] In the embodiment, the trenching machine is equipped with an independent monitoring system for trenching operations, and the monitoring system is provided with an information acquisition module and a display module, which are respectively used to collect and display the working pressure and speed information of the trenching drive motor 370, the working pressure and flow information of the drive motor of the crawler chassis 1, and the extension information of the variable-length oil cylinder 380;

[0071] The working pressure and speed information of the trenching drive motor 370 are used to determine the load and running speed of the trenching chain 440 during trenching operation, and the external load conditions are changed to meet the set requirement range by controlling the crawling speed of the crawler chassis 1 during operation;

[0072] The working pressure and flow information of the driving motor of the crawler chassis 1 are used to calculate the travel resistance and travel speed of the original left crawler and the original right crawler respectively; the overall travel load of the trencher is obtained by calculating the superposition value of the resistance of the original left crawler and the original right crawler; the average value of the flow information of the left travel motor 351 and the right travel motor 352 is used to calculate the overall travel speed of the trencher to control the operating crawling speed of the crawler chassis 1;

[0073] The extension information of the variable-length oil cylinder 380 is used to estimate the trenching depth h, so as to determine whether the trenching depth h of the actual operation meets the set trenching depth requirement.

[0074] In the embodiment, the trenching machine is equipped with an independent control system for trenching operations, which includes a high / low speed driving mode conversion knob, a straight-line driving low-speed crawling handle, left and right crawler driving speed fine-tuning knobs, and a trenching drive handle; the boom cylinder 380 and the swing cylinder 390 respectively utilize the original bucket valve operating handle and the original first boom valve operating handle.

[0075] The high / low speed driving mode conversion knob is used to switch the crawler chassis 1 to low speed crawling when the trenching device is trenching; the straight-line driving low speed crawling handle is used to control the straight-line speed in the 0-V range when the crawler chassis 1 is crawling at low speed; the two crawler driving speed fine-tuning knobs are used to adjust the driving speeds of the left crawler and the right crawler respectively to meet the turning requirements of the trenching machine; the trenching drive handle is provided with three gears for controlling the start, stop and reverse of the trenching drive motor 370 respectively; the variable-length cylinder 380 uses the operating handle of the original bucket valve 335, and has three gears for controlling the rise, stop and fall of the support arm 410 respectively; the swing cylinder 390 uses the operating handle of the original first boom valve 336, and has three gears for controlling the push, stop and pull of the soil discharge spiral rod 110 respectively.

[0076] In the embodiment, in the monitoring system and the control system, in addition to the original parts of the original excavator, the additional parts are installed on the control box, and the control box is provided with a logic programming module and an alarm module, and the logic programming module is provided with a control program. For example, when the high / low speed driving mode conversion knob of the crawler driving is turned to low speed driving, the conversion valve 342 of the original crawler driving chassis 1 is opened, the small flow proportional valve 341 and the original standby valve 332 can work, and the trencher enters the creeper gear state of trenching operation, while the original left travel valve 3311 and the original right travel valve 3312, the original rotary valve 333, and the original second dipper arm valve 338 of the original crawler driving chassis 1 are all locked and cannot be operated, so as to realize program control to prevent misoperation; an information collection module is provided in the control program; when the data of the information exceeds the over-limit warning threshold, the alarm module alarms, and the control program sends an automatic shutdown command to the control system to control the trencher to stop moving and trenching operations;

[0077] The control system's high / low speed driving mode conversion knob, straight-line driving low-speed crawling handle, left and right track driving speed fine-tuning knobs when turning, and trenching drive handle are set on the control box; the information acquisition module is set in the control box for collecting signal input; the display module is set as a display screen, and the display screen is set on the control box; the logic programming module is set in the control box, and the alarm module is installed in the control box.

[0078] Among them, the monitoring system and control system contained in the control box, the additional components include: information acquisition module, display module, logic programming module, alarm module, high / low speed driving mode conversion knob, straight-line driving low-speed crawling handle, left and right crawler driving speed fine-tuning knobs for steering, and trenching drive handle.

[0079] More specifically, the trencher based on the modified excavation equipment in the above embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the trenching device can be arranged at the lateral center position of the original crawler chassis 1 and the original upper body 2 of the original excavator, that is, the trenching device can be arranged at the middle position of the original crawler chassis 1 and the original upper body 2 of the original excavator in the left and right directions. Figure 4 The left and right directions shown in .

[0080] The trenching device can be arranged at a suitable distance and height position behind the original crawler chassis 1 of the original excavator, so that the support arm 410 and the ground 100 can maintain a reasonable distance and meet the trenching depth requirements, which is conducive to normal trenching operations. Figure 1 and Figure 3 The right and left directions shown in .

[0081] The trencher based on the modified excavation equipment of the above embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, the original engine-hydraulic power system includes the original hydraulic oil tank 310, the original first hydraulic pump 321, the original second hydraulic pump 322, the original control valve group 340, the original left travel motor 351 and the original right travel motor 352, the original control valve group 340 includes the original first control valve group and the original second control valve group, the original first control valve group includes the original left travel valve 3311, the original spare valve 332, the original second boom valve 337, the original first dipper stick valve 336 and the original rotary valve 333, and the original second control valve group includes the original right travel valve 3312, the original bucket valve 335, the original first boom valve 334 and the original second dipper stick valve 338. The original first hydraulic pump 321 and the original second hydraulic pump 322 can form a double pump confluence structure and are respectively connected to the original hydraulic oil tank 310.

[0082] During trenching operations, the conversion valve 342 needs to be opened, and the original left travel valve 3311 and the original right travel valve 3312 are cut off, and the low-speed crawling of the original tracked chassis 1 is controlled by the small-flow proportional valve 341 and the original spare valve 332, wherein the spare valve 332 is an oil supply switch, and the small-flow proportional valve 341 can realize the control of the travel speed 0-V; after the trenching operation stops, the conversion valve 342 is closed, and the original left travel valve 3311 and the original right travel valve 3312 can control the original tracked chassis 1 to travel at high speed. At this time, the conversion valve 342 can block the impact of the high pressure of the oil circuit during high-speed travel on the low-speed crawling oil circuit.

[0083] The hydraulic oil tank 310 and the hydraulic pump 320 of the original hydraulic system are connected through an oil suction filter 311. The return oil circuit of each valve is connected to the hydraulic oil tank 310, and an oil cooler 312 is installed on the return oil circuit. When the trenching machine of this embodiment is modified from an excavator of the prior art, the small flow proportional valve 341 is connected to the hydraulic oil tank 310 through the return oil interface of the original control valve group 330, and the original return oil circuit is used between the remaining valve groups and the hydraulic oil tank 310.

[0084] When the trenching machine based on the modified excavation equipment of the above embodiment is operating, the hydraulic flow of the original left travel motor 351 and the original right travel motor 352 is much smaller than the flow of the trenching drive motor 370, and the total flow of the original left travel motor 351 and the original right travel motor 352 can be 1 / 10 of the flow of the trenching drive motor 370, and the working pressure of the original left travel motor 351 and the original right travel motor 352 is also smaller than the working pressure of the trenching drive motor 370, so that the original crawler driving chassis 1 has less impact on the trenching drive motor 370 when crawling at low speed, and can ensure the normal trenching operation of the trenching device. The original first hydraulic pump 321 and the original second hydraulic pump 321 are connected to the trenching drive motor 370 through the original first boom valve 337 and the original second boom valve 334.

[0085] The trenching drive motor 370 adopts a low-speed and high-torque structure, and its power can account for 80% of the engine power of the original excavator, and is powered by the dual pumps of the original excavator, that is, the oil circuit controlled by the original first boom valve 337 and the original second boom valve 334, but it needs to be connected to a pilot valve for independent control, so it has nothing to do with the boom operating handle of the original excavator.

[0086] The hydraulic system of the original excavator is a dual-pump dual-valve group circuit structure. The original excavation working device and the original crawler driving chassis 1 share the same power oil source, which causes the original excavator to be able to excavate only when parked; the original excavation working device cannot work when driving. Figure 7As shown, in the trenching machine modified based on the excavation equipment of this embodiment, the trenching device and the original crawler chassis 1 are still driven by a common power oil source, but the oil circuit of the original crawler chassis 1 is connected in parallel with the original drive oil circuit through a small flow proportional valve 341 to form a new independent control oil circuit. When trenching, the original standby valve 332 is opened to supply oil, and the crawling speed of the original left crawler and the original right crawler is controlled through the small flow proportional valve 341; and the preset pressure is maintained between the driving pressure (8-12MPa) of the original crawler chassis 1 and the driving pressure (15-20Mpa) of the trenching drive motor 370. The difference makes the driving oil volume and pressure of the original crawler traveling chassis 1, that is, the traveling power of the trenching machine much smaller than the trenching operation power of the trenching driving motor 370. For example, the driving power of the original crawler traveling chassis 1 accounts for only 5% of the engine power of the original excavator. Through the special design of the flow and pressure of the trenching driving motor 370 and the original left and right crawler drives, the original left and right crawler drives have little influence on the oil circuit of the trenching driving motor 370, so that the drive of the original crawler traveling chassis 1 and the drive of the trenching driving motor 370 remain relatively stable, thereby realizing continuous trenching operation while digging trenches and traveling.

[0087] The trencher based on the modified excavation equipment of the above embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a hinge seat is provided at the rear end of the connecting bracket 411, and the front end of the support arm 410 is rotatably hinged on the hinge seat. By pushing and pulling the luffing oil cylinder 380, the support arm 410 rotates along the axis center of the trenching driving wheel group 420, that is, the support arm 410 can rotate around the hinge seat of the connecting bracket 411 to achieve up and down luffing.

[0088] The other end of the connecting bracket 411 is connected to the original upper body 2. For example, there are two groups of connecting pin holes on the original upper body 2 of the original excavator. These two groups of connecting pin holes are originally used to connect the boom and boom cylinder in the excavation working device of the original excavator. After the excavation working device is removed, the other end of the connecting bracket 411 is connected to the two groups of connecting pin holes, so that the added trenching device is connected to the original upper body 2 of the original excavator through the connecting bracket 411. Specifically, it can be as follows Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the right end of the support arm 410 is rotatably connected to the left end of the connecting bracket 411 , and the front end of the connecting bracket 411 is connected to the original upper fuselage 2 .

[0089] The trencher based on the modified excavation equipment of the above embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the two ends of the variable amplitude cylinder 380 are rotatably connected to one end of the support arm 410 and the upper middle position of the connecting bracket 411. One end of the support arm 410 and the upper middle position of the connecting bracket 411 are respectively provided with pin holes, and the two ends of the variable amplitude cylinder 380 can be rotatably connected to the pin holes at the two ends. The variable amplitude cylinder 380 pushes and pulls the end of the support arm 410 to realize the lifting and lowering of the trenching device, thereby adjusting the trenching depth h.

[0090] When the trenching machine stops trenching and moves to another site, the end of the support arm 410 is pulled by the luffing cylinder 380 to lift the trenching device, and the trenching device is required to maintain a set safety distance from the ground; when the trenching machine is trenching, the end of the support arm 410 is pushed by the luffing cylinder 380 to lower the trenching device, and trenching is started after the trenching device touches the ground, and the trenching is slowly deepened until the predetermined trenching depth is reached.

[0091] In the trenching machine modified based on the excavation equipment of the above-mentioned embodiment, the trenching drive wheel group 420 in the trenching device can be set to one, two, or more trenching drive sprockets according to the trenching width, and is connected to the trenching drive wheel shaft through a key to form a trenching drive wheel group 420; the trenching tensioning wheel can also be set to one, two, or more, and the trenching tensioning wheel is connected to the tensioning wheel shaft through a bearing to form a trenching tensioning wheel group 430; each trenching tensioning wheel is respectively provided with a trenching chain together with a trenching drive sprocket.

[0092] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, two forked beams 431 are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the rear end of the support arm 410, and the forked beam 431 is provided with an upper and lower slideway 432, and two groups of slideways 432 are respectively provided on both sides, and the two groups of slideways 432 are parallel to each other; a supporting slider 433 is slidably installed between the upper and lower slideways 432, and the tensioning wheel shaft is connected to the supporting slider 433 with a pin shaft, and the two supporting sliders 433 are respectively installed in the slideways on both sides; a screw rod 434 is provided in the middle of the upper and lower slideways, and the length direction of the screw rod 434 is along the length direction of the slide groove, one end of the screw rod 434 is in contact with the supporting slider 433, and the other end is connected to the supporting plate 435 on the forked beam; the screw rod 434 is rotated to make one end of it press against the supporting slider 433 to slide on the slideway 432, and two groups of parallel screw pushing structures are provided on the forked beams on both sides.

[0093] For example, the support slider 433 is configured as a rectangular block, and a middle position of the front end surface of the support slider 433 is provided.The screw is positioned in a groove, and the rear end of the screw 434 is pushed in the groove; a support plate 435 is connected to the end face of the forked beam 431, and the plate surface of the support plate 435 is perpendicular to the length direction of the slide groove. The support plate 435 is provided with a connecting screw hole, and the front half of the screw 434 is threadedly connected in the screw hole. Turning the front end of the screw 434 can push the support slider 433 to move back and forth in the slideway 432, thereby making the entire trenching tensioning wheel group 430 move back and forth to adjust the length of the trenching chain 440 and realize the tensioning of the trenching chain 440.

[0094] like Figure 3 As shown, for example, two trenching tension wheels are provided, and the two trenching tension wheels are respectively provided on the inner sides of the left and right sides of the two forked beams 431, and the forked beams 431 and the support arm 410 are provided as an integral structure.

[0095] The trencher based on the modified excavation equipment of the above embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a soil discharge screw rod 110 is installed below the connecting bracket 411, and the soil discharge screw rod 110 is arranged in front of the trenching chain 440 and at the rear of the crawler traveling chassis 1. The trenching drive motor 370 is installed on the connecting bracket 411 and connected to the trenching drive wheel set 420. The other end of the trenching drive wheel group 420 is coaxially connected to the soil discharge drive sprocket 391, and the soil discharge spiral rod 110 is coaxially connected to the soil discharge sprocket 392. The soil discharge drive sprocket 391 and the soil discharge sprocket 392 are provided with an annular soil discharge chain 393; the trenching drive motor 370 drives the trenching drive wheel group 420 to rotate, driving the trenching chain 440 to rotate for trenching operations, and also drives the soil discharge drive sprocket 391, the soil discharge chain 393, the soil discharge sprocket 392 and the soil discharge spiral rod 110 to rotate, thereby pushing the soil dug up by the trenching knife 450 to one side, which helps to reduce or avoid the accumulation of soil in front of the trenching chain 440 and affect the trenching progress.

[0096] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the soil discharging screw 110 is provided with a spiral impeller and is rotatably connected to the bearing frame through a bearing. Two bearing frames are arranged along the axis direction of the soil discharging screw 110, and the two bearing frames are respectively provided with a first hinge fulcrum 111 and a second hinge fulcrum 112. The two first hinge fulcrums 111 are rotatably connected to the two sides of the lower edge of the connecting bracket 411 through a hinge shaft, and the two second hinge fulcrums 112 are rotatably connected to one end of the two swing cylinders 390 through a hinge shaft, and the other ends of the two swing cylinders 390 are rotatably connected to the two sides of the lower edge of the middle part of the connecting bracket 411. Thus, the soil discharging screw 110 is suspended and installed below the connecting bracket 411, and the two swing cylinders 390 evenly apply load to the soil discharging screw 110, which is conducive to adjusting the distance between the soil discharging screw 110 and the trenching chain 440.

[0097] Please combine Figure 7 , the original hydraulic pump 321 outputs hydraulic power, which can drive the swing cylinder 390 through the original first dipper valve 336 to control the swing position of the soil discharging screw rod 110, thereby adjusting and positioning the distance between the soil discharging screw rod 110 and the trenching chain 440, which is beneficial to improving the soil discharging effect of the soil discharging screw rod 110; and, when the variable-length oil cylinder 380 pushes and pulls the support arm 410 to adjust the trenching depth of the trenching device, the front and rear positions of the trenching chain 440 will change, and at this time, the soil discharging screw rod 110 can be pushed and pulled by the swing cylinder 390, thereby adjusting the distance between the soil discharging screw rod 110 and the trenching chain 440. When the trenching machine moves to another site, the trenching device is lifted by the variable-length oil cylinder 380, and the swing cylinder 390 can also push the soil discharging screw rod 110 to leave the ground 100 and keep a safe distance from the ground 100.

[0098] The swing tensioning wheel 394 is pressed down by its own weight, tensioning the soil discharge chain 393 and rotating with the soil discharge chain 393 to ensure that the soil discharge driving sprocket 391, the soil discharge sprocket 392 and the soil discharge chain 393 rotate.

[0099] The original hydraulic pump 322 outputs hydraulic power, which can drive the luffing cylinder 380 through the original bucket valve 335. The luffing cylinder 380 is connected to the original bucket cylinder oil circuit of the original excavator and can be directly controlled by the original bucket cylinder handle. The oil circuit originally has a descending speed limit function; Figure 1 As shown, when trenching begins, the trenching drive motor 370 is started first, the trenching chain 440 rotates and works, the luffing cylinder 380 extends, the trenching device slowly descends to the ground, and trenching begins until the set trenching depth is reached; when the trencher starts to crawl at a low speed and enters normal trenching operation, the luffing cylinder 380 basically does not need to work, or only needs to move slightly occasionally to adjust the trenching depth; when the trenching operation is completed, the trencher stops driving, the luffing cylinder 380 retracts, and the trenching device is raised. Therefore, in stable trenching operations, the luffing cylinder 380 only occasionally moves slowly with a small amplitude, which has little impact on the operation of the trenching drive main oil circuit.

[0100] The trencher based on the modified excavation equipment of the above embodiment, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the trenching blades 450 are arranged in a preset regular pattern in the width direction and are evenly spread on the scraper blade 441, which is conducive to cutting the soil at equal intervals, making the excavation load uniform and helping to reduce the impact. For example, the trenching blades 450 are distributed in a "<<" shape. The trenching blades 450 are divided into tooth-shaped or shovel-shaped. The trenching teeth are more suitable for cutting hard soil, and the trenching shovel is more suitable for cutting soft soil.

[0101] One side of the scraper blade 441 is connected to the blade holder 442, which plays the role of bearing the trenching load. The other side of the scraper blade 441 is horizontally and vertically connected to the trenching chain 440, and two or more trenching chains can be connected together to achieve synchronous trenching operations. The scraper blade 441 is set to be L-shaped, and its structure can improve rigidity. The L-shaped protruding part is also conducive to bringing the trenching soil out of the ground 100.

[0102] In the trenching machine modified from the excavating equipment in the above-mentioned embodiment, a rotary encoder is installed at one end of the output shaft of the trenching drive motor 370, and a first pressure sensor is installed on the driving oil circuit of the trenching device; two groups of two pressure sensors and flow sensors are installed on the left track driving oil circuit and the right track driving oil circuit between the small flow proportional valve 341 and the conversion valve 342 respectively; a displacement sensor is installed on the variable-length cylinder 380 for measuring the change in the telescopic distance of the variable-length cylinder 380.

[0103] The information acquisition module is connected to the first pressure sensor and the rotary encoder respectively, and is used to collect the working pressure information and speed information of the trenching drive motor 370; the information acquisition module is connected to two groups of second pressure sensors and flow sensors respectively, and is used to collect the working pressure information and flow information of the original left travel motor 351 and the original right travel motor 352; the information acquisition module is connected to the displacement sensor, and is used to collect the extension information of the variable amplitude cylinder 380.

[0104] The above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0105] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0106] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to has a specific orientation, is constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0107] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A trencher modified from an excavation device, comprising an original crawler chassis, an original upper body and an original engine-hydraulic power system of the original excavator, wherein the original engine-hydraulic power system comprises an original control system, and the original crawler chassis is provided with an original left crawler and an original right crawler; characterized in that: The original upper fuselage has its original excavation device removed and a trenching device installed; The trenching device comprises a supporting arm and an annular trenching chain, wherein the front end of the supporting arm is connected to the original upper body through a connecting bracket; a trenching driving wheel group and a trenching tensioning wheel group are rotatably mounted on the supporting arm; the trenching chain is sleeved on the trenching driving wheel group and the trenching tensioning wheel group for continuous trenching operation; The original engine-hydraulic power system is additionally equipped with a trenching drive motor, and the trenching drive motor is connected to the trenching drive wheel set; the trenching drive motor passes through the confluent oil circuit of the original boom oil cylinder in the original engine-hydraulic power system, and is additionally connected to a pilot valve for control, so as to realize the rotation drive and stop action of the trenching chain; The driving oil circuits of the original left crawler and the original right crawler are respectively connected with small flow proportional valves, and the two small flow proportional valves are respectively connected in parallel with the driving oil circuits of the original left crawler and the original right crawler, so as to divert a small part of the hydraulic power from the original main pump oil circuit to drive the trenching machine to crawl at a low speed during trenching operation, so as to enable the trenching machine to move while digging trenches.

2. The trencher modified from the excavation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trenching chain is arranged as a single row or two rows, or more than a plurality of rows of chains; A scraper plate is mounted on the trenching chain, a knife holder is mounted on the scraper plate, and a digging knife is mounted on the knife holder; The trenching knife is configured as trenching teeth, and the trenching teeth are sharp teeth; or the trenching knife is configured as a trenching shovel, and the cross section of the trenching shovel is arc-shaped, and the shovel tip is conical; The scraper board is "L" shaped.

3. The trencher modified from the excavation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The original upper body is provided with two groups of original pin holes for installing the original boom cylinder and the boom of the original excavation working device, the front end of the support arm frame is rotatably connected to the rear end of the connecting bracket, and the front end of the connecting bracket is connected to the two groups of original pin holes; The original engine-hydraulic power system is additionally equipped with a luffing cylinder, and a pair of luffing cylinders are provided, which are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the supporting arm; the two ends of the luffing cylinder are respectively rotatably connected to the supporting arm and the connecting bracket, and the supporting arm is raised and lowered by pushing and pulling the luffing cylinder, thereby realizing the luffing of the trenching device to adjust the trenching depth.

4. The trencher modified from the excavation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trenching device is arranged at the center position of the original excavator in the left and right lateral directions, and is arranged at a preset distance position and a preset height position behind the original crawler traveling chassis; A front rotating shaft is arranged at the front end of the support arm, and the trenching drive motor is installed at one side of the front rotating shaft and is directly connected to the trenching drive wheel set; the trenching drive motor is arranged as a low-speed and high-torque motor.

5. The trencher modified from the excavation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving motor of the crawler chassis includes a left travel motor and a right travel motor, and the left travel motor and the right travel motor are respectively arranged in the driving oil circuits of the original left crawler and the original right crawler; the driving oil circuits of the original left crawler and the original right crawler are respectively connected in parallel with a small flow proportional valve and a conversion valve, and the conversion valve is used to realize the conversion of high / low speed driving of the original left crawler and the original right crawler. The high-speed driving condition is controlled by the original left travel valve and the original right travel valve of the driving oil circuit of the original left crawler and the original right crawler to provide hydraulic power, and the low-speed driving condition is controlled by the two small flow proportional valves and the original standby valve to control the oil circuit to provide hydraulic power.

6. The trencher modified from the excavation equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two small flow proportional valves make the small hydraulic flow diverted from the original main pump oil circuit account for 5-10% of the original main pump oil circuit, and set the working pressure of the crawler walking hydraulic oil circuit to be lower than the pressure of the trenching drive main oil circuit.

7. The trencher modified from excavating equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trenching machine is provided with a soil discharge screw rod to discharge the trenched soil to one side; the soil discharge screw rod is arranged between the trenching chain and the crawler traveling chassis, the trenching driving motor is connected to the soil discharge driving sprocket through the trenching driving wheel set, the soil discharge screw rod is coaxially connected to the soil discharge sprocket, and the soil discharge driving sprocket and the soil discharge sprocket are sleeved with an annular soil discharge chain; the trenching driving motor is used to simultaneously drive the soil discharge screw rod to rotate so as to laterally push out the soil dug by the digging knife; The original engine-hydraulic power system is additionally equipped with a swing cylinder, and the two ends of the swing cylinder are rotatably connected to the soil discharge screw rod and the connecting bracket respectively; the distance between the soil discharge screw rod and the trenching chain is adjusted by pushing and pulling the swing cylinder; The soil-discharging spiral rod is provided with two bearing frames along the axial length, and the bearing frames are rotatably connected to the lower part of the connecting bracket through the pin hole of the first hinge support; the swing oil cylinder is provided with two, and the two ends of each swing oil cylinder are respectively rotatably connected to the second hinge support provided on the bearing frame and the pin holes on both sides of the lower edge of the middle part of the connecting bracket; the soil-discharging spiral rod is evenly loaded by the two swing oil cylinders; A swing tensioning wheel is rotatably mounted on the connecting bracket, and the swing tensioning wheel presses down the outer side of the soil discharge chain by its own weight to tension the soil discharge chain.

8. The trencher modified from excavating equipment according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The trenching machine is equipped with an independent monitoring system for trenching operations, and the monitoring system is provided with an information acquisition module and a display module, which are respectively used to collect and display the working pressure and speed information of the trenching drive motor, the working pressure and flow information of the drive motor of the crawler chassis, and the extension information of the variable-length oil cylinder; The working pressure and speed information of the trenching drive motor are used to determine the load and running speed of the trenching chain during trenching operation, and the external load conditions are changed to meet the set requirement range by controlling the crawling speed of the crawler chassis during operation; The working pressure and flow information of the driving motor of the crawler traveling chassis are used to respectively calculate the travel resistance and travel speed of the original left crawler and the original right crawler; The overall travel load of the trencher is obtained by calculating the superposition value of the resistance of the original left crawler and the original right crawler; the average value of the flow information of the left travel motor and the right travel motor is used to calculate the overall travel speed of the trencher to control the operating crawling speed of the crawler travel chassis; The extension information of the variable-luff cylinder is used to estimate the trenching depth h, so as to determine whether the trenching depth h of the actual operation meets the set trenching depth requirement.

9. The trencher modified from the excavation equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The trenching machine is equipped with an independent control system for trenching operations, which includes a high / low speed driving mode conversion knob, a straight-line driving low-speed crawling handle, left and right crawler driving speed fine-tuning knobs for steering, and a trenching drive handle; the luffing cylinder and the swing cylinder are controlled by the original bucket valve operating handle and the original first boom valve operating handle respectively. The high / low speed driving mode conversion knob is used to switch the tracked chassis to low-speed crawling when the trenching device is digging trenches; the straight-line driving low-speed crawling handle is used to control the straight-line speed in the 0-V range when the tracked chassis is crawling at a low speed; the two crawler driving speed fine-tuning knobs are used to adjust the driving speeds of the left crawler and the right crawler, respectively, to meet the turning requirements of the trenching machine; the trenching drive handle is provided with three gears for respectively controlling the start, stop and reverse of the trenching drive motor; the variable-length oil cylinder has three gears for respectively controlling the raising, stopping and lowering of the support arm; the swing oil cylinder has three gears for respectively controlling the pushing, stopping and pulling of the soil discharge screw rod.

10. The trencher modified from the excavation equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the monitoring system and control system, in addition to the original parts of the original excavator, the additional parts are installed on the control box, and the control box is provided with a logic programming module and an alarm module, and the logic programming module is provided with a control program; when the high / low speed driving mode conversion knob is rotated to low speed driving, the conversion valve is opened, the small flow proportional valve and the original standby valve work, and the trencher enters the low-speed crawling state during trenching operation, and the original left travel valve and the original right travel valve, the original rotary valve and the original second dipper arm valve of the original crawler driving chassis are all locked and cannot be operated, so as to realize program control to prevent misoperation; the control program is provided with the information collection module; when the data of the information exceeds the over-limit warning threshold, the alarm module alarms, and the control program sends an automatic shutdown command to the control system to control the trencher to stop moving and trenching; The high / low speed driving mode conversion knob, the straight-line driving low-speed crawling handle, the steering left and right crawler driving speed fine-tuning knobs, and the trenching drive handle are arranged on the control box; the information acquisition module is arranged in the control box for collecting signal input; the display module is arranged as a display screen, and the display screen is arranged on the control box; the logic programming module is arranged in the control box, and the alarm module is installed in the control box.

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