The invention discloses a technique of sludge drying and carbonization, particularly a technique of a high-efficiency high-speed environmentally-friendly energy-saving sludge treatment system. The equipment mainly comprises a feeding unit, a sludge drier, a standby furnace, a sludge carbonization furnace, a temperature controller, a temperature sensor I, a temperature sensor II, a duster, a hydroscrubber, an photochemical deodorizer, a cooling humidifier, a storage bin, an induced draught fan, an air blower, a valve, and the like. The method is characterized in that the sludge is dried in the drier, then the dried sludge is put in the carbonization furnace for carbonization, wherein the temperatures of drying and carbonization are automatically controlled by the temperature controllers; the waste heat moisture discharged from the sludge drier is discharged safely after being subject to dedusting, recycling, photochemical deodorizing; the carbonized sludge particles are put into the storage bin after being subject to cooling and humidification. According to the invention, various germs can be killed; by using the combustion of the sludge to dry and carbonize the sludge, the carbonized product can be used as a soil amendment, an organic fertilizer, a snow-melting agent and the like, the advantages of energy saving, environmental protection, and continuous high speed operation are achieved, thus the invention deserves to be broadened.