Special-shaped steel structure installation and construction method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of steel structure construction, and particularly relates to a special-shaped steel structure installation construction method which comprises the steps of steel structure analysis and deepening design, component manufacturing and factory pre-assembly, component hoisting and preliminary fixing, structure retesting, welding fixing, welding deformation monitoring and position rechecking. The method has the beneficial effects that through deepening design of the steel structure, the center of gravity is calculated on the irregular steel beam to determine the position of the hoisting point, shaking caused by uneven gravity distribution in the hoisting process is effectively prevented, in addition, a structure welding test is conducted in advance before welding and fixing, the welding seam shrinkage rate of the special-shaped steel connector is determined, and therefore on-site welding construction is guided, and the construction efficiency is improved. The mounting precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of steel structure construction, and in particular to an installation and construction method of a special-shaped steel structure. Background Art

[0002] Special-shaped steel structures refer to steel structural components with non-traditional and non-standard shapes. These components are usually customized according to the needs of architectural design, with different shapes and unique spatial structures. With the continuous advancement of modern construction technology, special-shaped steel structures have been widely used in the construction field due to their unique shape and excellent performance. At present, there are many methods for installing steel structures, including on-site assembly, semi-assembly, unit assembly, etc. However, most of the existing installation methods have component assembly deviations and welding quality problems, which affect the installation quality and thus lead to a decrease in structural strength. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention is aimed at the above-mentioned problems and specifically designs a special-shaped steel structure installation construction method to improve the installation accuracy of the special-shaped steel structure.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for installing and constructing a special-shaped steel structure, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Steel structure analysis and in-depth design; Step 2: Component production and pre-assembly in the factory; Step 3: Component hoisting and preliminary fixation; Step 4: Retest the structure; Step 5: Welding fixation and welding deformation monitoring; Step 6: Position review.

[0005] Furthermore, in step one, the steel structure analysis includes structural layout, bearing capacity analysis, strength design, stability design and fatigue performance analysis.

[0006] Furthermore, in the step one, based on the analysis results, the steel structure is optimized and designed by calculating the center of gravity on the irregular steel beam to determine the position of the hanging point, prefabricated lifting ears are fixed to the hanging points, and the component sizes are adjusted, the connection methods are optimized, and the materials are selected.

[0007] Furthermore, in the step 2, all components in the factory pre-assembly should be controlled in size according to the construction drawings, the center of gravity lines of each rod should intersect at the center of the node and be completely free, and no external force is allowed to force fixation; single components include columns, beams and supports, with no less than two support points; the control datum of the pre-assembled components is consistent with the design requirement datum, the center line is clearly marked, and is relatively consistent with the platform baseline and the ground baseline; all components that need to be pre-assembled are inspected and accepted by special inspectors after completion to determine that the single components meet the quality standards.

[0008] Furthermore, in the step 2, after pre-assembly, the hole tester is used for inspection. When the hole tester is 1.0 mm smaller than the nominal diameter of the hole, the pass rate of each group of holes is not less than 85%; when the hole tester is 0.3 mm larger than the nominal diameter of the bolt, the pass rate is 100%, and the hole tester must fall vertically and freely.

[0009] Furthermore, in the step three, the three actions of hooking, rotating and moving are performed alternately and slowly. The component stops immediately after being lifted off the ground, and slowly falls into place. After installation, it is tied with a guy rope, and the relevant steel beams are hoisted in time to form a stable system.

[0010] Furthermore, in step four, after the initial lifting and fixing is completed, the structure is re-measured using a total station and reflective tape to count the errors of all installed components; components whose errors do not meet the design and specification requirements are corrected, and re-measured after correction until they meet the requirements and are reinforced.

[0011] Furthermore, in step five, the welding sequence and welding parameters are determined according to the results of the pre-assembly and welding process tests of equivalent components in the processing plant, and the components are welded according to the welding analysis results.

[0012] Furthermore, in step five, during the welding process, a total station is used to monitor the welding deformation of the component.

[0013] Furthermore, in step six, after all components are installed, the final position of the overall structure is reviewed according to the points selected in the measurement plan.

[0014] In summary, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial technical effects: 1. The construction method for installing special-shaped steel structures proposed in the present invention optimizes the construction process. In step one, the position of the lifting point is determined by calculating the center of gravity on the irregular steel beam, and then the lifting lugs are installed. When the actual lifting is performed at the construction site, it is only necessary to connect the lifting lugs installed in advance to the lifting machinery, which can effectively prevent the shaking caused by uneven gravity distribution during the lifting process, increase the accuracy and efficiency of component installation, and improve construction safety.

[0015] 2. When there are a large number of steel beams connected at the project node position, the deformation caused by welding multiple steel beams can easily lead to structural deviation. The present invention manufactures special-shaped steel joints that are completely consistent with the on-site ones in the processing plant, first determines the weld shrinkage rate of the special-shaped steel joints through structural welding tests, collects welding data, and thus guides on-site welding construction. Compared with direct welding after electric welding, which is common in traditional processes, step five can effectively control welding deformation and greatly improve installation accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the construction process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the implementation of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions; the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments; the embodiments and directional terms described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention; based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings: The following is combined with Figure 1 The present invention is described in further detail: like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment discloses a method for installing and constructing a special-shaped steel structure, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Steel structure analysis and in-depth design: Steel structure analysis includes structural layout, bearing capacity analysis, strength design, stability design and fatigue performance analysis; Based on the analysis results, the steel structure is optimized, including determining the location of the hanging point through gravity distribution calculation of the special-shaped steel structure ring, welding the prefabricated lifting lugs to the hanging point, as well as adjusting the component size, optimizing the connection method, and selecting materials to improve the performance and safety index of the structure.

[0018] Step 2: Component production and factory pre-assembly: All components in the factory pre-assembly should be sized according to the construction drawings. The center of gravity of each rod should intersect at the center of the node and be completely free. No external force is allowed to force fixation. The support points of a single component, whether it is a column, beam, or support, should have no less than two support points. The control datum and center line of the pre-assembled components shall be clearly marked and relatively consistent with the platform baseline and the ground baseline; the control datum shall be consistent with the design requirement datum. If the pre-assembly datum position needs to be changed, it shall be approved by the process design; All components that need to be pre-assembled will be inspected by special inspectors after production to ensure that the individual components meet the quality standards; the same individual components can be interchanged without affecting the overall geometric dimensions.

[0019] After pre-assembly, check with a hole tester. When checking with a hole tester that is 1.0mm smaller than the nominal diameter of the hole, the pass rate of each group of holes shall not be less than 85%; when checking with a hole tester that is 0.3mm larger than the nominal diameter of the bolt, the pass rate is 100%. The hole tester must fall vertically and freely.

[0020] Step 3: Component hoisting and preliminary fixation: hoisting requirements: the component should stay for 1 minute immediately after lifting off the ground, and it should be at a certain height from the ground during the rotation process; The three actions of hooking, rotating and moving are performed slowly and alternately, and the component is slowly lowered when in place to prevent large swings and vibrations. After the installation is completed, it is necessary to use guy ropes for pulling and timely hoisting of relevant steel beams to form a stable system.

[0021] Step 4: Structural re-measurement: After the initial lifting and fixing is completed, use a total station and reflective tape to re-measure the structure and count the errors of all installed components; correct the components whose errors do not meet the design and specification requirements, and re-measure them after correction until they meet the requirements and are reinforced.

[0022] Step 5: Welding fixation and welding deformation monitoring: Pre-make special-shaped steel joints that are exactly the same as those on site in the processing plant, determine the weld shrinkage rate of the special-shaped steel joints through structural welding tests, determine the welding sequence and welding parameters based on the results of the pre-assembly and welding process tests of equivalent components in the processing plant, and weld the components strictly in accordance with the welding analysis results; during the welding process, use a total station to monitor the welding deformation of the components.

[0023] Step 6: Position verification: After all components are installed, the final position verification of the overall structure is carried out according to the points selected in the measurement plan.

[0024] Finally, it should be pointed out that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments can still be modified, or some of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for installing and constructing a special-shaped steel structure, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Steel structure analysis and in-depth design; Step 2: Component production and pre-assembly in the factory; Step 3: Component hoisting and preliminary fixation; Step 4: Retest the structure; Step 5: Welding fixation and welding deformation monitoring; Step 6: Position review.

2. The method for installing and constructing a special-shaped steel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, the steel structure analysis includes structural layout, bearing capacity analysis, strength design, stability design and fatigue performance analysis.

3. The installation and construction method of a special-shaped steel structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step 1, based on the analysis results, the steel structure is optimized and designed, the position of the hanging point is determined by calculating the center of gravity on the irregular steel beam, the prefabricated lifting lugs are fixed to the hanging points, the component sizes are adjusted, the connection methods are optimized, and the materials are selected.

4. The method for installing and constructing a special-shaped steel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2, all components pre-assembled in the factory should be sized according to the construction drawings, the center of gravity of each rod should intersect at the center of the node, and be completely free, and no external force is allowed to force fixation; a single component includes a column, a beam and a support, and there are no less than two supporting points; the control datum of the pre-assembled component is consistent with the design requirement datum, the center line is clearly marked, and is relatively consistent with the platform baseline and the ground baseline; All components that need to be pre-assembled will be inspected and accepted by special inspectors after production to ensure that the individual components meet the quality standards.

5. The installation and construction method of a special-shaped steel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2, after pre-assembly, a hole tester is used for inspection. When a hole tester 1.0 mm smaller than the nominal diameter of the hole is used for inspection, the pass rate of each group of holes is not less than 85%; when a hole tester 0.3 mm larger than the nominal diameter of the bolt is used for inspection, the pass rate is 100%. The hole tester must fall vertically and freely.

6. The installation and construction method of a special-shaped steel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step three, the three actions of hooking, rotating and moving are performed alternately and slowly. The component stops immediately after being lifted off the ground and slowly falls into place. After installation, it is tied with a guy rope and the relevant steel beams are hoisted in time to form a stable system.

7. The installation and construction method of a special-shaped steel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 4, after the initial lifting and fixing is completed, the structure is re-measured using a total station and reflective tape to count the errors of all installed components; components whose errors do not meet the design and specification requirements are corrected, and re-measured after correction until they meet the requirements and are reinforced.

8. The installation and construction method of a special-shaped steel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 5, the welding sequence and welding parameters are determined according to the results of the pre-assembly and welding process tests of equivalent components in the processing plant, and the components are welded according to the welding analysis results.

9. The installation and construction method of a special-shaped steel structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step 5, during the welding process, a total station is used to monitor the welding deformation of the component.

10. The installation and construction method of a special-shaped steel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step six, after all components are installed, the final position of the overall structure is reviewed according to the points selected in the measurement plan.

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