Self-adjusting diamond compact drill bit

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of drill bits, in particular to a self-adjusting diamond compact drill bit which comprises a drill bit body, a cutting wing and a diamond compact, a tunneling mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the cutting wing and comprises two arc-shaped cavities formed in the side wall of the cutting wing, and a sliding plate is connected into each arc-shaped cavity in a sealed and sliding mode; an arc-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of each sliding plate, the other end of each arc-shaped plate is fixedly connected with a diamond compact, a communicating hole is formed between the two arc-shaped cavities, sealing plugs are symmetrically connected into the communicating hole in a sealed and sliding mode, and an arc-shaped rack is fixedly connected between the two sealing plugs. When the diamond compact drill bit enters a hard rock stratum from a soft rock stratum, the memory alloy rod, the gears, the bearing frame and other structures are arranged to drive the diamond compacts to rotate and adjust a certain angle, so that drilling in the hard rock stratum is more facilitated through the adjusted angle of the diamond compacts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of drill bits, and in particular to a self-adjusting diamond composite drill bit. Background Art

[0002] A diamond composite drill bit refers to a drill bit that uses diamond composite pieces as cutting edges. It is an integrated drill bit with the advantages of high strength, high wear resistance and high impact resistance. The angle of the diamond composite piece in the diamond drill bit, that is, the angle between the drill bit cutting surface and the rock surface, has a crucial impact on the drilling effect. If the angle is too small, the drill bit may not be able to effectively cut into the rock, reducing the drilling efficiency; if the angle is too large, it may cause the drill bit to wear too quickly and shorten its service life.

[0003] The diamond composite sheets of current diamond composite sheet drill bits are often fixed to the cutting wing sidewalls of the drill bit by welding. The welding methods are mainly divided into positive bevel setting and negative bevel setting. The positive bevel setting diamond composite sheets are mainly used for soft rock formations, while the negative bevel setting diamond composite sheets are mainly used for hard rock formations. Therefore, during the drilling process of the existing diamond composite sheet drill bit from soft rock formation to hard rock formation, the angle of the diamond composite sheet cannot be adjusted, resulting in low drilling efficiency of the diamond composite sheet drill bit. Moreover, when the diamond composite sheet drill bit is drilling in hard rock formations, the temperature of the diamond composite sheet rises due to continuous impact and friction. If it is not cooled, the performance of the diamond composite sheet drill bit will be affected.

[0004] To this end, we designed a self-adjusting diamond compact drill bit. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to propose a self-adjusting diamond composite drill bit.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A self-adjusting diamond composite drill bit comprises a drill bit body, a cutting wing and a diamond composite sheet, wherein the side wall of the cutting wing is provided with a tunneling mechanism, wherein the tunneling mechanism comprises two arcuate cavities provided on the side wall of the cutting wing, wherein a slide plate is sealingly and slidably connected inside each of the arcuate cavities, wherein the side wall of each slide plate is fixedly connected with an arcuate plate, wherein the other end of the arcuate plate is fixedly connected with the diamond composite sheet, wherein a connecting hole is provided between the two arcuate cavities, wherein a sealing plug is symmetrically and sealingly connected inside the connecting hole, wherein an arcuate rack is fixedly connected between the two sealing plugs, wherein an operating groove is provided on the side wall of the cutting wing, wherein a circular shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the operating groove, wherein a first gear is fixedly connected to the side wall of the circular shaft, wherein a bracket is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bracket, wherein a load-bearing shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the bracket, wherein a second gear is fixedly connected to the side wall of the load-bearing shaft, wherein a bearing frame is fixedly connected to the side wall of the load-bearing shaft, wherein the bearing frame is fixedly connected to the diamond composite sheet.

[0007] Preferably, a transverse groove is provided on the inner side wall of the operating groove, a spur rack is slidably connected inside the transverse groove, a memory alloy rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the transverse groove, the memory alloy rod and the spur rack are fixedly connected, the spur rack is meshingly connected to the first gear, the first gear and the second gear are meshingly connected, a thermal conductive strip is fixedly connected to the side wall of the memory alloy rod, and the other end of the thermal conductive strip is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the diamond composite sheet.

[0008] Preferably, the arc-shaped cavity is filled with electrorheological fluid, two electric field generators are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the operating groove, the cutting wing side wall is symmetrically fixedly connected with a baffle plate, the baffle plate and the diamond composite sheet slide closely against each other, and an electronic valve is installed through the inner wall of the baffle plate.

[0009] Preferably, a rectangular cavity is formed in the inner wall of the cutting wing, and a main shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rectangular cavity and the operating groove, and a transmission gear is fixedly connected to the side wall of the main shaft, and the transmission gear is meshingly connected to the arc-shaped rack, and a plurality of fan blades are fixedly connected to one end of the main shaft, and a circular plate is fixedly connected to the other end of the main shaft, and a round rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the circular plate, and a connecting rod is staggered and rotatably connected to the side wall of the round rod, and a box body is symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rectangular cavity, and a piston is sealed and slidably connected inside each of the box bodies, and an end of the connecting rod away from the round rod is rotatably connected to an adjacent side wall of the piston.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of atomizing nozzles are embedded and fixedly installed on the inner wall of the operating groove, a liquid storage chamber is opened on the inner wall of the drill body, a one-way liquid inlet pipe and a one-way liquid outlet pipe are fixedly connected through the inner wall of the box body, and a water-locking sheet is fixedly installed on the side wall of the diamond composite sheet.

[0011] Preferably, one end of the one-way liquid inlet pipe away from the box body is fixedly connected to the liquid storage chamber, and one end of the one-way liquid outlet pipe away from the box body is fixedly connected to a plurality of atomizing nozzles.

[0012] Preferably, a buffer groove is provided on the side wall of the cutting wing, a circular block is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer groove, a rectangular block is slidably connected inside the buffer groove, an air pressure sensor is installed on the side wall of the rectangular block, the rectangular block and the side wall of the circular block are sealed and in contact with each other, an electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer groove, and the other end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rectangular block.

[0013] Preferably, a sliding cavity is opened on the inner wall of the drill body, a weight-bearing plate is sealingly and slidingly connected inside the sliding cavity, a return spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the weight-bearing plate, and the other end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding cavity.

[0014] Preferably, a first one-way tube and a second one-way tube are fixedly connected through the inner wall of the sliding cavity, one end of the first one-way tube away from the sliding cavity is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer groove, and one end of the second one-way tube away from the sliding cavity is fixedly connected to the liquid storage cavity.

[0015] Preferably, the plurality of cutting wings are evenly distributed and fixedly mounted on the top wall of the drill body, and the diamond composite sheet is in a rectangular parallelepiped structure.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. When the diamond composite drill bit enters the hard rock layer from the soft rock layer, the memory alloy rod, multiple gears and bearing frame are set to drive the diamond composite to rotate and adjust a certain angle, so that the adjusted angle of the diamond composite is more conducive to drilling in the hard rock layer; 2. When the diamond composite sheet is rotated to adjust the angle, the sealing plug, the electrorheological fluid and the arc plate are provided to cooperate with the rotation adjustment of the diamond composite sheet. When the rotation angle adjustment of the diamond composite sheet is completed, the electric field generator is turned on to change the electrorheological fluid from liquid to solid, so as to support the arc plate, the slide plate and the diamond composite sheet; 3. In the process of the sealing plug driving the arc-shaped rack to move, by setting structures such as transmission gears, main shafts and atomizing nozzles, the coolant is squeezed to the atomizing nozzle and sprayed out. The coolant sprayed from the atomizing nozzle is sprayed out in a mist form, which can take away part of the heat in the process of evaporation. At the same time, after the fan blades rotate, an airflow is formed to move in the direction of the water-locking sheet, which drives the sprayed coolant to contact the water-locking sheet for adsorption and collection, thereby improving the evaporation efficiency of the coolant after atomization and improving the effect of liquid evaporation and heat dissipation.

[0017] 4. When the water lock sheet is saturated with coolant, if the temperature on the diamond composite sheet continues to rise, the water on the water lock sheet will evaporate to form water vapor, causing the air pressure to increase continuously. After the air pressure increases, the rectangular block and the circular block will be separated from each other under the action of the air pressure sensor. The load-bearing plate will stretch the reset spring seal and slide under the action of centrifugal force, squeezing the coolant inside the sliding cavity into the buffer tank for circulation until this part of the coolant contacts the diamond composite sheet, thereby further cooling the diamond composite sheet and improving the drilling performance of the diamond composite sheet. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a self-adjusting diamond composite drill bit proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a tunneling mechanism in a self-adjusting diamond composite drill bit proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure of part A; Figure 4 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure of part B; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the positional relationship between an arc-shaped rack and a transmission gear in a self-adjusting diamond composite drill bit proposed by the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid storage chamber and the sliding chamber in a self-adjusting diamond composite drill bit proposed by the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the arc plate and the slide plate in a self-adjusting diamond composite drill bit proposed by the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of a self-adjusting diamond composite drill bit proposed by the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1, drill body; 2, cutting wing; 3, arc cavity; 4, diamond composite plate; 5, arc plate; 6, barrier plate; 7, slide plate; 8, arc rack; 9, connecting hole; 10, operation groove; 11, sealing plug; 12, transverse groove; 13, memory alloy rod; 14, buffer groove; 15, straight rack; 16, circular block; 17, first gear; 18, round shaft; 19, bracket; 20, load-bearing shaft; 21, second gear; 22, carrier; 23, electric field generator; 24, electronic valve; 2 5. Water-locking sheet; 26. Rectangular cavity; 27. Heat-conducting strip; 28. Box body; 29. ​​Piston; 30. Connecting rod; 31. Round rod; 32. Round plate; 33. Main shaft; 34. Transmission gear; 35. Fan blade; 36. Atomizing nozzle; 37. One-way liquid inlet pipe; 38. One-way liquid outlet pipe; 39. Rectangular block; 40. Liquid storage chamber; 41. Sliding chamber; 42. Weight plate; 43. Reset spring; 44. First one-way tube; 45. Second one-way tube; 46. Electric telescopic rod; 47. Air pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 8 A self-adjusting diamond composite drill bit, comprising a drill body 1, a cutting wing 2 and a diamond composite sheet 4, a side wall of the cutting wing 2 is provided with a tunneling mechanism, the tunneling mechanism comprises two arc-shaped cavities 3 opened on the side wall of the cutting wing 2, each arc-shaped cavity 3 is sealed and slidably connected with a slide plate 7, each slide plate 7 is fixedly connected with an arc plate 5 on the side wall, the other end of the arc plate 5 is fixedly connected with the diamond composite sheet 4, a connecting hole 9 is opened between the two arc-shaped cavities 3, a sealing plug 11 is symmetrically sealed and slidably connected inside the connecting hole 9, and the two sealing plugs An arc-shaped rack 8 is fixedly connected between 11, an operating groove 10 is opened on the side wall of the cutting wing 2, two arc-shaped cavities 3 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the operating groove 10, a circular shaft 18 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the operating groove 10, a first gear 17 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the circular shaft 18, a bracket 19 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cutting wing 2, a load-bearing shaft 20 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the bracket 19, a second gear 21 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the load-bearing shaft 20, a bearing frame 22 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the load-bearing shaft 20, and the bearing frame 22 is fixedly connected to the diamond composite sheet 4.

[0022] A transverse groove 12 is provided on the inner wall of the operating groove 10, and a spur rack 15 is slidably connected inside the transverse groove 12. A memory alloy rod 13 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the transverse groove 12. The memory alloy rod 13 is made of memory alloy material, which is the prior art. The initial state is spiral, and it becomes elongated after reaching the deformation temperature. The memory alloy rod 13 is fixedly connected to the spur rack 15, the spur rack 15 is meshingly connected to the first gear 17, the first gear 17 is meshingly connected to the second gear 21, and a heat-conducting strip 27 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the memory alloy rod 13. The heat-conducting strip 27 is made of metal heat-conducting material, and the other end of the heat-conducting strip 27 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the diamond composite sheet 4.

[0023] The arc cavity 3 is filled with electrorheological fluid, which is a prior art. Under normal conditions, it is a suspension that can undergo a liquid-solid transition under the action of an electric field. When the strength of the applied electric field is much lower than a certain critical value, the electrorheological fluid is in a liquid state; when the strength of the electric field is much higher than this critical value, it becomes solid. Two electric field generators 23 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the operating groove 10. The electric field generators 23 are prior art and can generate an electric field when powered on. The side walls of the cutting wings 2 are symmetrically fixedly connected with barrier plates 6. The barrier plates 6 and the diamond composite sheet 4 slide tightly against each other, and an electronic valve 24 is installed through the inner wall of the barrier plate 6.

[0024] The inner wall of the cutting wing 2 is provided with a rectangular cavity 26, and the rectangular cavity 26 and the inner wall of the operating slot 10 are rotatably connected to a main shaft 33, and the side wall of the main shaft 33 is fixedly connected to a transmission gear 34 (such as Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the transmission gear 34 is meshed with the arc rack 8, one end of the main shaft 33 is fixedly connected to a plurality of fan blades 35, the other end of the main shaft 33 is fixedly connected to a circular plate 32, the side wall of the circular plate 32 is fixedly connected to a round rod 31, the side wall of the round rod 31 is staggered and rotatably connected to a connecting rod 30, the inner wall of the rectangular cavity 26 is symmetrically fixedly connected to a box body 28, each box body 28 is sealed and slidably connected to a piston 29, and one end of the connecting rod 30 away from the round rod 31 is rotatably connected to the side wall of an adjacent piston 29.

[0025] The inner wall of the operation tank 10 is embedded with a plurality of atomizing nozzles 36 (such as Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 1 , a liquid storage chamber 40 is provided on the inner wall of the drill body 1, a one-way liquid inlet pipe 37 and a one-way liquid outlet pipe 38 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box body 28, and a water-locking sheet 25 (as shown in FIG. 1 ) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the diamond composite sheet 4. Figure 7 As shown), the water-locking sheet 25 is made of a material with good liquid absorption effect, such as a high temperature resistant sponge.

[0026] One end of the one-way liquid inlet pipe 37 away from the box body 28 is fixedly connected to the liquid storage chamber 40, and one end of the one-way liquid outlet pipe 38 away from the box body 28 is fixedly connected to multiple atomizing nozzles 36. The one-way liquid inlet pipe 37 only allows the coolant inside the liquid storage chamber 40 to enter the box body 28, and the one-way liquid outlet pipe 38 only allows the coolant in the box body 28 to be squeezed to the atomizing nozzle 36 for spraying.

[0027] The side wall of the cutting wing 2 is provided with a buffer groove 14, and the inner wall of the buffer groove 14 is fixedly connected with a circular block 16 (such as Figure 4 As shown), a rectangular block 39 is slidably connected inside the buffer groove 14, and an air pressure sensor 47 is installed on the side wall of the rectangular block 39. The air pressure sensor 47 is a prior art, and the air pressure sensor 47 is electrically connected to the electric telescopic rod 46. The rectangular block 39 and the side wall of the circular block 16 are in close contact with each other. The inner wall of the buffer groove 14 is fixedly connected to the electric telescopic rod 46. The electric telescopic rod 46 is a prior art and will not be described in detail here. The movable end of the electric telescopic rod 46 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rectangular block 39.

[0028] A sliding cavity 41 is provided on the inner wall of the drill body 1, and a weight plate 42 is sealed and slidably connected inside the sliding cavity 41. When the electronic valve 24 is closed, the rectangular block 39 and the circular block 16 are tightly against each other, and the interior of the sliding cavity 41 is in a closed state. When the drill body 1 rotates, the weight plate 42 will not move under the action of centrifugal force. A return spring 43 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the weight plate 42. A balancing hole is provided on the inner wall of the sliding cavity 41 near one end of the return spring 43, and the other end of the return spring 43 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding cavity 41.

[0029] A first one-way tube 44 and a second one-way tube 45 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding cavity 41. One end of the first one-way tube 44 away from the sliding cavity 41 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer groove 14, and one end of the second one-way tube 45 away from the sliding cavity 41 is fixedly connected to the liquid storage cavity 40. The first one-way tube 44 only allows the coolant inside the sliding cavity 41 to enter the buffer groove 14, and the second one-way tube 45 only allows the coolant in the liquid storage cavity 40 to enter the sliding cavity 41.

[0030] A plurality of cutting wings 2 are evenly distributed and fixedly mounted on the top wall of the drill body 1, and the diamond composite sheet 4 is in a rectangular parallelepiped structure.

[0031] In the present invention, when the diamond composite drill bit enters the hard rock layer from the soft rock layer, the impact force and friction force between the diamond composite drill bit and the hard rock layer surface increase, causing the surface temperature of the diamond composite 4 to rise rapidly. When the temperature of the diamond composite 4 rises to a certain temperature, this part of the heat is transferred to the memory alloy rod 13 through the heat conducting strip 27. The initial state of the memory alloy rod 13 is spiral. When its deformation temperature is reached, the memory alloy rod 13 will change from spiral to straight. Then the memory alloy rod 13 will push the spur rack 15 to slide along the inner wall of the transverse groove 12 for a distance. The spur rack 15 drives the first gear 17 to rotate, and the first gear 17 drives the second gear 21 to rotate a certain angle. The second gear 21 drives the diamond composite 4 to rotate and adjust a certain angle through the support frame 22, so that the adjusted angle of the diamond composite 4 is more conducive to drilling in the hard rock layer.

[0032] During the rotation and adjustment of the diamond composite sheet 4, both sides of the diamond composite sheet 4 slide tightly against the two blocking plates 6, so that a closed environment is formed between the two arc plates 5, the diamond composite sheet 4 and the two blocking plates 6. Figure 2 As shown, when the diamond composite sheet 4 rotates counterclockwise by a certain angle, the diamond composite sheet 4 will drive the slide plate 7 to slide a certain distance into the arc cavity 3 through the arc plate 5 fixed on its top side wall. Since the arc cavity 3 is filled with electrorheological fluid, the electrorheological fluid will flow inside the connecting hole 9 and push the corresponding sealing plug 11 to slide downward for a certain distance. The sealing plug 11 drives another sealing plug 11 to slide synchronously for a certain distance through the arc rack 8, so that the other sealing plug 11 squeezes the electrorheological fluid inside the connecting hole 9 into another arc cavity 3, thereby pushing another slide plate 7 and the arc plate 5 to move a certain distance, and jointly cooperate with the rotation adjustment of the diamond composite sheet 4. When the rotation angle adjustment of the diamond composite sheet 4 is completed, the electric field generator 23 is turned on. The electric field generator 23 is a prior art. After being energized, it can generate an electric field, thereby changing the electrorheological fluid from liquid to solid, thereby supporting the arc plate 5, the slide plate 7 and the diamond composite sheet 4.

[0033] When the electronic valve 24 is turned on, during the process of the sealing plug 11 driving the arc-shaped rack 8 to move, the arc-shaped rack 8 will drive the transmission gear 34 meshing with it to rotate rapidly, and then the transmission gear 34 will drive the main shaft 33 to rotate rapidly. On the one hand, the main shaft 33 drives the circular plate 32 to rotate, and the circular plate 32 drives the round rod 31 eccentrically arranged on its side wall to rotate, and the round rod 31 drives the two connecting rods 30 to move, so that each connecting rod 30 drives the piston 29 connected to it to slide back and forth in a sealed manner inside the corresponding box body 28. Then, there will always be a piston 29 that will draw the coolant inside the liquid storage chamber 40 into the box body 28 through the one-way liquid inlet pipe 37, and there will always be another piston 29 that will pump the coolant inside the liquid storage chamber 40 into the box body 28 through the one-way liquid outlet pipe. The tube 38 squeezes the coolant drawn into the box body 28 to the atomizing nozzle 36 for spraying. The coolant sprayed from the atomizing nozzle 36 is sprayed in the form of mist, which can take away part of the heat during evaporation, while the other part of the sprayed coolant will contact the water locking sheet 25, and the water locking sheet 25 adsorbs and collects this part of the coolant, which is convenient for continuous cooling of the diamond composite sheet 4; on the other hand, the main shaft 33 will also drive multiple fan blades 35 to rotate quickly. After the fan blades 35 rotate, an airflow is formed to move in the direction of the water locking sheet 25, thereby driving the atomized sprayed coolant to contact the water locking sheet 25, and can also improve the evaporation efficiency of the coolant after atomization, and improve the effect of liquid evaporation and heat dissipation.

[0034] When the water-locking sheet 25 is saturated with the coolant, the electronic valve 24 is closed. Since a closed environment is formed between the two arc-shaped plates 5, the diamond composite sheet 4 and the two barrier plates 6, if the drill bit body 1 drives the cutting wing 2 to drill in the hard rock layer, and the temperature on the diamond composite sheet 4 continues to rise, this part of the temperature will cause the water on the water-locking sheet 25 to evaporate and form water vapor, causing the air pressure in this part of the closed environment to continue to increase until the air pressure increases to a certain value. Under the action of the air pressure sensor 47, the movable end of the electric telescopic rod 46 drives the rectangular block 39 to slide a certain distance inside the buffer groove 14, so that the rectangular block 39 is no longer tightly abutted against the circular block 16 and is out of the sealed state, and the electronic valve 24 is opened. At this time, the interior of the sliding cavity 41 is in a non-sealed state. Then, the load-bearing plate 42 will stretch the reset spring 43 under the action of centrifugal force to slide in a sealed manner, thereby squeezing the coolant inside the sliding cavity 41 into the buffer groove 14 for circulation. During the drilling operation of the diamond composite sheet drill bit, due to Figure 1 The drill bit body 1, cutting wings 2 and diamond composite sheet 4 are inverted, so this part of the coolant ejected from the buffer tank 14 will contact the diamond composite sheet 4, further cooling the diamond composite sheet 4 and improving the drilling performance of the diamond composite sheet 4.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-adjusting diamond compact drill bit, comprising a drill bit body (1), a cutting wing (2) and a diamond compact (4), characterized in that: The side wall of the cutting wing (2) is provided with a tunneling mechanism, the tunneling mechanism comprising two arc-shaped cavities (3) opened on the side wall of the cutting wing (2), each arc-shaped cavity (3) is sealed and slidably connected to a slide plate (7), each slide plate (7) is fixedly connected to the side wall with an arc-shaped plate (5), the other end of the arc-shaped plate (5) is fixedly connected to the diamond composite plate (4), a connecting hole (9) is opened between the two arc-shaped cavities (3), a sealing plug (11) is symmetrically sealed and slidably connected to the inside of the connecting hole (9), and an arc-shaped sealing plug (11) is fixedly connected between the two sealing plugs (11). A rack (8), an operating groove (10) is formed on the side wall of the cutting wing (2), a circular shaft (18) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the operating groove (10), a first gear (17) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the circular shaft (18), a bracket (19) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cutting wing (2), a load-bearing shaft (20) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the bracket (19), a second gear (21) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the load-bearing shaft (20), a bearing frame (22) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the load-bearing shaft (20), and the bearing frame (22) is fixedly connected to the diamond composite sheet (4).

2. A self-adjusting diamond composite drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the operating groove (10) is provided with a transverse groove (12), a spur rack (15) is slidably connected inside the transverse groove (12), a memory alloy rod (13) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the transverse groove (12), the memory alloy rod (13) and the spur rack (15) are fixedly connected, the spur rack (15) and the first gear (17) are meshingly connected, the first gear (17) and the second gear (21) are meshingly connected, a heat conducting strip (27) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the memory alloy rod (13), and the other end of the heat conducting strip (27) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the diamond composite sheet (4).

3. The self-adjusting diamond composite drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped cavity (3) is filled with an electrorheological fluid, two electric field generators (23) are fixedly mounted on the inner side wall of the operating slot (10), a baffle plate (6) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the side wall of the cutting wing (2), the baffle plate (6) and the diamond composite sheet (4) slide against each other tightly, and an electronic valve (24) is installed through the inner wall of the baffle plate (6).

4. The self-adjusting diamond composite drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the cutting wing (2) is provided with a rectangular cavity (26), and a main shaft (33) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rectangular cavity (26) and the operating slot (10), and a transmission gear (34) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the main shaft (33), and the transmission gear (34) is meshingly connected to the arc-shaped rack (8), and one end of the main shaft (33) is fixedly connected to a plurality of fan blades (35), and the other end of the main shaft (33) is fixedly connected to a circular plate (32), and a round rod (31) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the circular plate (32), and a connecting rod (30) is staggered and rotatably connected to the side wall of the round rod (31), and a box body (28) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rectangular cavity (26), and a piston (29) is sealed and slidably connected inside each of the box bodies (28), and one end of the connecting rod (30) away from the round rod (31) is rotatably connected to the side wall of an adjacent piston (29).

5. A self-adjusting diamond composite drill bit according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of atomizing nozzles (36) are embedded and fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the operating groove (10), a liquid storage chamber (40) is provided on the inner wall of the drill bit body (1), a one-way liquid inlet pipe (37) and a one-way liquid outlet pipe (38) are fixedly connected and penetrated through the inner wall of the box body (28), and a water-locking sheet (25) is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the diamond composite sheet (4).

6. A self-adjusting diamond composite drill bit according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the one-way liquid inlet pipe (37) away from the box body (28) is fixedly connected to the liquid storage chamber (40), and one end of the one-way liquid outlet pipe (38) away from the box body (28) is fixedly connected to the plurality of atomizing nozzles (36).

7. A self-adjusting diamond composite drill bit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The side wall of the cutting wing (2) is provided with a buffer groove (14), the inner wall of the buffer groove (14) is fixedly connected to a circular block (16), the interior of the buffer groove (14) is slidably connected to a rectangular block (39), the side wall of the rectangular block (39) is installed with an air pressure sensor (47), the rectangular block (39) and the circular block (16) are in sealing contact with each other, the side wall of the buffer groove (14) is fixedly connected to an electric telescopic rod (46), the air pressure sensor (47) and the electric telescopic rod (46) are electrically connected, and the movable end of the electric telescopic rod (46) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rectangular block (39).

8. The self-adjusting diamond composite drill bit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner wall of the drill bit body (1) is provided with a sliding cavity (41), the interior of the sliding cavity (41) is sealed and slidably connected with a load-bearing plate (42), the side wall of the load-bearing plate (42) is fixedly connected with a return spring (43), and the other end of the return spring (43) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding cavity (41).

9. A self-adjusting diamond compact drill bit according to claim 8, characterized in that: A first one-way tube (44) and a second one-way tube (45) are fixedly connected through the inner wall of the sliding chamber (41); one end of the first one-way tube (44) away from the sliding chamber (41) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the buffer groove (14); and one end of the second one-way tube (45) away from the sliding chamber (41) is fixedly connected to the liquid storage chamber (40).

10. The self-adjusting diamond composite drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of cutting wings (2) are evenly distributed and fixedly mounted on the top wall of the drill bit body (1), and the diamond composite sheet (4) is in a rectangular parallelepiped structure.

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