Cold-start dynamic thermal compensation type gear motor and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a cold start dynamic thermal compensation type gear motor and a control method, and relates to the technical field of gear motors. An assembling structure of the engine oil bottom box, the oil pump, the rod body frame and the wire box is arranged, temperature detection is conducted on the reduction gear box before the reduction motor is started, and low-temperature cold starting is directly conducted at the proper temperature; under the condition that the temperature does not reach the standard, the reduction gear box is not subjected to cold start, the engine oil in the engine oil bottom box is preheated, the engine oil in the gear cavity is circulated, and when the engine oil temperature of the reduction gear box is met and cold start can be conducted, the mode is converted into the cold start mode of the reduction gear box; and when the temperature of the engine oil is too high, the oil pump is started again, efficient heat dissipation is conducted on the high-temperature engine oil through the penetrating type copper alloy pipe, the outer heat dissipation fins and other structures of the engine oil bottom box, and therefore the requirement regulation and control of the engine oil temperature during operation of gears in the reduction gear box are achieved, and high-load, efficient and low-loss output operation of the reduction gear box is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of reduction motors, and in particular to a cold start dynamic thermal compensation reduction motor and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the reduction motor configuration, the drive motor drives the reduction gear to run at high load. In order to reduce the wear of the gears in the reduction gearbox due to long-term high-speed operation, lubricating oil is often added to the reduction gearbox to reduce the wear of the gears. During cold start (especially in a relatively low temperature environment), the oil temperature in the gearbox is low, and the drive motor directly drives the reduction gearbox to run at high load. The low-temperature oil in the reduction gearbox is difficult to directly and efficiently lubricate the gears running at high load.

[0003] When the reduction gearbox is under high load and runs for a long time, the oil temperature may rise too high. Excessive oil temperature may also cause the oil performance to decline, affecting the lubrication effect on the gears.

[0004] In the face of the above phenomenon, how to realize the regulation of the oil temperature demand when the gears in the reduction gearbox are running, and ensure the high-load, high-efficiency and low-loss output operation of the reduction gearbox, has become a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a cold start dynamic thermal compensation reduction motor and control method, thereby realizing the regulation of the demand for oil temperature during operation of the gears in the reduction gearbox, and ensuring the high load, high efficiency and low loss output operation of the reduction gearbox.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a cold start dynamic thermal compensation reduction motor, comprising a driving motor, a cooling fan installed on one side of the driving motor, and a reduction gear box installed on the other side of the driving motor, wherein the interior of the reduction gear box is a gear cavity, and further comprising an oil bottom box installed at the bottom of the reduction gear box, wherein an outer cooling fin is arranged on the outer ring side of the oil bottom box, an inner cavity is arranged inside the oil bottom box, and a top cover is arranged on the top, wherein the top of the inner cavity of the oil bottom box is connected with the gear cavity, and the top cover is also provided with a temperature sensor.

[0008] Among them, the oil pan is equipped with multiple copper alloy tubes that penetrate the inner cavity of the box, and the two ends of the copper alloy tubes are connected to the side end faces of the oil pan to form tube ports. The temperature sensor is equipped with a first temperature detection rod extending into the inner cavity of the box downward and a second temperature detection rod extending into the gear cavity.

[0009] An oil pump connected to the bottom of the box cavity is arranged on one end face of the oil pan, and the output end of the oil pump is connected to an oil pipe, and the upper end of the oil pipe is connected to the top of the box cavity. A rod frame is fixedly installed on one end face of the oil pan, and a plurality of heating resistor rods are arranged on the side of the rod frame facing the oil pan, and each heating resistor rod is independently inserted into the middle section of a copper alloy tube. A wire box is fixedly installed on the other side of the rod frame, and the temperature sensor, oil pump, and electrical wires of the plurality of heating resistor rods are integrated and connected to the wire box.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the reduction motor of the present invention: an oil flow hole is opened at the bottom of the reduction gear box, and a sealing connection clamp ring matching the oil flow hole is provided on the top cover of the oil bottom box.

[0011] The temperature sensing component includes a low-position component and an upper column component located on the upper side of the low-position component. The first temperature detection rod is arranged on the side of the low-position component, and the second temperature detection rod is arranged on the top side of the upper column component. The top cover is provided with an upper through hole, and the upper column component passes through the upper through hole upward.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the reduction motor of the present invention: the oil bottom box is provided with a sealing ring located between the upper opening of the box inner cavity and the lower side of the top cover.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the reduction motor of the present invention: a sealed threading hole is set at the side end of the oil bottom box, the insulated electric wire of the temperature sensor passes through the sealed threading hole and the sealed threading hole is sealed with sealant.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution for the reduction motor of the present invention: an oil outlet bottom pipe with a threaded outer ring side is arranged at the bottom of the oil bottom box, a screw pipe is arranged on one side of the oil pump, an internal thread is opened on the inner wall of the screw pipe, and the screw pipe is screwed and installed on the oil outlet bottom pipe, wherein a hexagonal structure is arranged on the ring side of the screw pipe, and a liquid outlet pipe is arranged on the other side of the oil pump, and the liquid outlet pipe is connected to the bottom side end of the oil pipe.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution for the reduction motor of the present invention: multiple longitudinal plates are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the rod body frame, each longitudinal plate is fixedly connected to a fixed support rod on the side facing the oil pan, and the heating resistor rod is located at the side end of the fixed support rod, wherein the rod diameter of the fixed support rod and the heating resistor rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the copper alloy tube. Side fixing frames are arranged at both sides of the longitudinal plates of the rod body frame, and the side fixing frames are provided with a through hole structure, and the side end surface of the oil pan is provided with a mounting protrusion matched with the side fixing frame, and the mounting protrusion is provided with a screw hole. The longitudinal plate of the rod body frame is provided with two transverse holes, and the wire box is provided with two fixing screws, and the fixing screws pass through the transverse holes and are installed with matching nuts.

[0016] The present invention also provides a control method for a cold start dynamic thermal compensation type reduction motor, comprising the following contents:

[0017] S1. When the reduction motor starts, turn on the motor start power switch, and the second temperature detection rod of the temperature sensor detects the oil temperature in the gear cavity.

[0018] S2. When the oil temperature in the gear chamber is not lower than the first reference temperature T1 preset by the system, the drive motor starts, and the drive motor drives the gear of the reduction gear box to rotate at a speed N1, driving the oil in the gear chamber to rotate, until the oil temperature in the gear chamber is not lower than the second reference temperature T2 preset by the system, the drive motor drives the gear of the reduction gear box to rotate at a normal rated speed N2, wherein T2>T1, N2>N1.

[0019] S3. When the temperature of the engine oil in the gear cavity is lower than the first reference temperature T1 preset by the system, the system starts to detect and preheat the engine oil in the cavity of the box.

[0020] S3.1. The first temperature detection rod of the temperature sensor detects the oil temperature in the inner cavity of the box. When the oil temperature in the inner cavity of the box is lower than the first reference temperature T1 preset by the system, the circuit where the heating resistor rod is located is connected, and the heating resistor rod starts to heat the copper alloy tube and heat the oil in the inner cavity of the box.

[0021] S3.2. When the oil temperature in the box cavity is not lower than the first reference temperature T1 preset by the system, the oil pump starts to transfer the oil in the box cavity to the gear cavity, and the drive motor starts at the same time. The drive motor drives the gear of the reduction gear box to rotate at a speed N1, driving the oil in the gear cavity to rotate until the second temperature detection rod detects that the oil temperature in the gear cavity is not lower than T2. ​​The drive motor drives the gear of the reduction gear box to rotate at the normal rated speed N2, and the oil pump and the heating resistor rod stop working.

[0022] S4. When the second temperature detection rod detects that the oil temperature in the gear cavity exceeds the third reference temperature T3 preset by the system, the oil pump starts and transfers the oil in the inner cavity of the transmission box and the gear cavity. The heat of the oil is dissipated outward through the external cooling fins of the oil bottom box and the inner wall of the copper alloy tube, where T3>T2>T1.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The present invention configures an assembly structure of an oil pan, an oil pump, a rod body frame, and a wire box at the bottom of the reduction gear box, performs temperature detection on the reduction gear box before the reduction motor is started, and directly performs a low-temperature cold start at an appropriate temperature; when the temperature does not meet the standard, the reduction gear box is not cold started, but the oil in the oil pan is preheated, and the oil in the gear cavity is circulated until the oil temperature of the reduction gear box is met for cold start, and then the reduction gear box is switched to a cold start mode; and when the oil temperature is too high, the oil pump is started again, and the high-temperature oil is efficiently dissipated by utilizing structures such as the through-type copper alloy tube and the external heat dissipation fins of the oil pan, thereby realizing the regulation of the oil temperature demand during the operation of the gears in the reduction gear box, and ensuring the high-load, high-efficiency, and low-loss output operation of the reduction gear box. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the reduction motor of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure with a partial enlargement at point A in the middle.

[0027] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the component assembly structure of the oil pan, oil pump, rod frame and wire box in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 The figure is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the oil pan, oil pump, rod frame and wire box in the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the engine oil bottom box (without the sealing ring and the top cover installed) in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the temperature sensor in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil pump in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rod body frame and the wire box in the present invention.

[0033] Among them: 1-drive motor, 101-motor fin, 102-cooling fan; 2-reduction gearbox, 201-gear cavity, 202-oil flow hole; 3-oil bottom box, 301-box inner cavity, 302-external cooling fin, 303-copper alloy tube, 3031-tube port, 304-sealed threading hole, 305-oil bottom outlet pipe, 306-installation protrusion, 307-first installation support plate, 308-sealing ring, 309-top cover, 3091-sealed connection clamp ring, 3092-upper perforation, 3093-first 2. Install the support plate, 310-temperature sensor, 3101-low position part, 3102-upper column part, 3103-first temperature detection rod, 3104-second temperature detection rod; 4-oil pump, 401-screw pipe, 402-hexagonal structure, 403-internal thread, 404-liquid outlet pipe; 5-rod frame, 501-longitudinal plate, 502-fixed support rod, 503-heating resistor rod, 504-cross hole, 505-side fixing frame; 6-wire box, 601-fixed screw, 602-matching nut; 7-oil pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0035] Embodiment 1: The present invention designs a cold start dynamic thermal compensation type reduction motor, the main structure of which is as follows:

[0036] See also Figure 1 A motor fin 101 for heat dissipation is arranged on the ring side of the driving motor 1, a cooling fan 102 is installed on one side of the driving motor 1, a reduction gear box 2 is installed on the other side of the driving motor 1, the interior of the reduction gear box 2 is a gear cavity 201, and an oil bottom box 3 is installed at the bottom of the reduction gear box 2.

[0037] See also Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 The outer ring side of the oil pan 3 is an external cooling fin 302 for heat dissipation, a box cavity 301 is arranged inside the oil pan 3, the top of the oil pan 3 is a top cover 309, an oil flow hole 202 is opened at the bottom of the reduction gear box 2, and the top cover 309 of the oil pan 3 is provided with a sealing connection clamp 3091 matched with the oil flow hole 202, so that the top of the box cavity 301 is connected with the gear cavity 201.

[0038] In addition, a sealing ring 308 is installed between the upper opening of the box cavity 301 and the lower side of the top cover 309 to ensure the sealing of the oil pan 3. A plurality of first mounting support plates 307 are arranged around the upper opening of the box cavity 301, and a plurality of second mounting support plates 3093 matching the first mounting support plates 307 are arranged on the top cover 309. Vertical holes are provided in the first mounting support plates 307 and the second mounting support plates 3093, which can be fixedly connected using bolts.

[0039] The top cover 309 is also provided with a temperature sensor 310. Figure 6 The temperature sensing component 310 includes a low-position component 3101 and an upper column component 3102 located on the upper side of the low-position component 3101. The top cover 309 is provided with an upper through hole 3092. The upper column component 3102 penetrates the upper through hole 3092 upward. The first temperature detection rod 3103 is arranged on the side of the low-position component 3101, and the second temperature detection rod 3104 is arranged on the top side of the upper column component 3102. The first temperature detection rod 3103 extends downward into the box cavity 301 to detect the oil temperature in the box cavity 301, and the second temperature detection rod 3104 extends into the gear cavity 201 to detect the oil temperature in the gear cavity 201.

[0040] The oil pan 3 is provided with a plurality of copper alloy tubes 303 , which horizontally penetrate the inner cavity 301 of the oil pan 3 , and both ends of the copper alloy tubes 303 are connected to the side end faces of the oil pan 3 to form tube ports 3031 .

[0041] The oil pump 4 is installed on one end face of the oil pan 3, the inlet end of the oil pump 4 is connected to the bottom of the box cavity 301, the output end of the other side of the oil pump 4 is connected to the oil pipe 7, and the upper end of the oil pipe 7 is connected to the top of the box cavity 301.

[0042] See also Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 An oil outlet pipe 305 is provided at the bottom of the oil sump 3, and a thread is provided on the outer ring side of the oil outlet pipe 305. A screw pipe 401 is provided on one side of the oil pump 4, and an internal thread 403 is provided on the inner wall of the screw pipe 401. The screw pipe 401 is screwed and installed with the oil outlet pipe 305.

[0043] In addition, a hexagonal structure 402 is provided on the ring side of the screw tube 401, so that it is easy to rotate and tighten the screw tube 401. Figure 2 A liquid outlet pipe 404 is provided on the other side of the oil pump 4 , and the liquid outlet pipe 404 is connected to the bottom side end of the oil pipe 7 .

[0044] See also Figure 4 , Figure 5 A sealed threading hole 304 is provided at the side end of the oil pan 3, and the insulated electric wire of the temperature sensor 310 passes through the sealed threading hole 304 and is sealed with a sealant.

[0045] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 8 A plurality of longitudinal plates 501 are symmetrically provided on the upper and lower sides of the rod body frame 5, and L-shaped side fixing frames 505 are provided on both lateral ends of the longitudinal plates 501. The side fixing frames 505 are provided with a through-hole structure, and two mounting protrusions 306 are provided on the side end surface of the oil pan 3. The two mounting protrusions 306 cooperate with the two side fixing frames 505, and the mounting protrusions 306 are provided with screw holes, and the rod body frame 5 is fixed to the side end surface of the oil pan 3 with bolts.

[0046] Each longitudinal plate 501 is fixedly connected to a fixed support rod 502 , and the heating resistor rod 503 is located at the side end of the fixed support rod 502 . The fixed support rod 502 is inserted into the copper alloy tube 303 , and each heating resistor rod 503 is independently inserted into the middle section of a copper alloy tube 303 .

[0047] The diameter of the fixed support rod 502 and the heating resistor rod 503 is smaller than the inner diameter of the copper alloy tube 303, so that the copper alloy tube 303 can form a transverse air flow gap to facilitate heat dissipation.

[0048] The longitudinal plate 501 of the rod body frame 5 is provided with two transverse holes 504, and the wire box 6 is provided with two fixing screws 601, which pass through the transverse holes 504 and are installed with matching nuts 602, so as to fix the wire box 6 on the rod body frame 5, and the temperature sensor 310, the oil pump 4 and the electrical wires of multiple heating resistor rods 503 are integrated and connected to the wire box 6, and the wire box 6 is then connected to the main controller of the reduction motor through a bus.

[0049] Embodiment 2: The present invention designs a control method for a cold start dynamic thermal compensation type reduction motor, and the specific control method is as follows:

[0050] First, when the reduction motor needs to be started, the motor start power switch is turned on first, and the second temperature detection rod 3104 of the temperature sensor 310 detects the oil temperature in the gear chamber 201 .

[0051] Scenario 1: the reduction gearbox 2 is directly cold started: when the oil temperature in the gear chamber 201 is not lower than the first reference temperature T1 preset by the system, the drive motor 1 is started, and the drive motor 1 drives the gears of the reduction gearbox 2 to rotate at a speed N1, and drives the oil in the gear chamber 201 to rotate, until the oil temperature in the gear chamber 201 is not lower than the second reference temperature T2 preset by the system, the drive motor 1 drives the gears of the reduction gearbox 2 to rotate at a normal rated speed N2, wherein T2>T1, N2>N1.

[0052] Scenario 2: the reduction gearbox 2 is not suitable for direct cold start: when the oil temperature in the gear cavity 201 is lower than the first reference temperature T1 preset by the system, the system starts to detect and preheat the oil in the box cavity 301 .

[0053] ① The first temperature detection rod 3103 of the temperature sensor 310 detects the oil temperature in the box cavity 301. When the oil temperature in the box cavity 301 is lower than the first reference temperature T1 preset by the system, the circuit where the heating resistor rod 503 is located is connected, and the heating resistor rod 503 starts to heat the copper alloy tube 303, thereby heating the oil in the box cavity 301. The heating resistor rod 503 is directly used to contact and heat the oil. If the surface temperature of the heating resistor rod 503 is too high, it may cause irreversible damage to the oil quality. The heat generated by the heating resistor rod 503 is transferred to the oil in the box cavity 301 more evenly through the copper alloy tube 303, which can effectively avoid the problem of local overheating.

[0054] ② When the oil temperature in the box cavity 301 is not lower than the first reference temperature T1 preset by the system, the oil pump 4 starts to transfer the oil in the box cavity 301 to the gear cavity 201, and the drive motor 1 starts at the same time. The drive motor 1 drives the gear of the reduction gear box to rotate at a speed N1, and drives the oil in the gear cavity 201 to rotate until the second temperature detection rod 3104 detects that the oil temperature in the gear cavity 201 is not lower than T2. ​​The drive motor 1 drives the gear of the reduction gear box 2 to rotate at a normal rated speed N2, and the oil pump 4 and the heating resistor rod 503 stop working.

[0055] In addition, when the second temperature detection rod 3104 detects that the oil temperature of the gear cavity 201 exceeds the third reference temperature T3 preset by the system, the oil pump 4 starts and transmits the oil in the transmission box cavity 301 and the gear cavity 201, and the heat of the oil is dissipated outward through the external cooling fins 302 of the oil bottom box 3 and the inner wall of the copper alloy tube 303, wherein T3>T2>T1. After the drive motor 1 is started, the cooling fan 102 inhales the surrounding airflow, and the airflow on one side of the copper alloy tube 303 enters the copper alloy tube 303 and flows out from the other side of the copper alloy tube 303, thereby accelerating the heat dissipation of the copper alloy tube 303.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cold start dynamic thermal compensation type reduction motor, comprising a drive motor (1), a heat dissipation fan (102) installed on one side of the drive motor (1), and a reduction gear box (2) installed on the other side of the drive motor (1), wherein the interior of the reduction gear box (2) is a gear cavity (201), and is characterized in that: It also includes an oil pan (3) mounted on the bottom of the reduction gear box (2), an outer heat dissipation fin (302) being arranged on the outer ring side of the oil pan (3), an inner chamber (301) being arranged inside the oil pan (3), and a top cover (309) being arranged on the top, the top of the inner chamber (301) of the oil pan (3) being in communication with the gear chamber (201), and the top cover (309) being further provided with a temperature sensor (310); The oil pan (3) is provided with a plurality of copper alloy tubes (303) penetrating the inner cavity (301) of the pan, and the two ends of the copper alloy tubes (303) are connected to the side end surface of the oil pan (3) to form tube ports (3031); Wherein, the temperature sensing element (310) is provided with a first temperature detection rod (3103) extending downwardly into the box inner cavity (301), and a second temperature detection rod (3104) extending into the gear cavity (201); An oil pump (4) connected to the bottom of the box inner cavity is disposed on one end surface of the engine oil bottom box (3); the output end of the oil pump (4) is connected to an oil pipe (7); the upper end of the oil pipe (7) is connected to the top of the box inner cavity (301); A rod frame (5) is fixedly mounted on one end surface of the oil pan (3); a plurality of heating resistor rods (503) are arranged on the side of the rod frame (5) facing the oil pan (3); each heating resistor rod (503) is independently inserted into the middle section of a copper alloy tube (303); A wire box (6) is fixedly mounted on the other side of the rod body frame (5), and the electrical wires of the temperature sensor (310), the oil pump (4) and the plurality of heating resistance rods (503) are integrally connected to the wire box (6).

2. The cold start dynamic thermal compensation reduction motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reduction gear box (2) has an oil flow hole (202) at the bottom, and the top cover (309) of the oil bottom box (3) is provided with a sealing connection clamping ring (3091) matching the oil flow hole (202); The temperature sensing component (310) includes a low-position component (3101) and an upper column component (3102) located on the upper side of the low-position component (3101); the first temperature detection rod (3103) is arranged on the side of the low-position component (3101); the second temperature detection rod (3104) is arranged on the top side of the upper column component (3102); the top cover (309) is provided with an upper through hole (3092); and the upper column component (3102) passes through the upper through hole (3092) upwardly.

3. The cold start dynamic thermal compensation reduction motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The engine oil sump box (3) is provided with a sealing ring (308) located between the upper opening of the box inner cavity (301) and the lower side of the top cover (309).

4. The cold start dynamic thermal compensation reduction motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealed wire threading hole (304) is provided at the side end of the engine oil pan (3), and the insulated electric wire of the temperature sensor (310) passes through the sealed wire threading hole (304) and the sealed wire threading hole (304) is sealed with a sealant.

5. The cold start dynamic thermal compensation reduction motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the engine oil pan (3) is provided with an oil outlet bottom pipe (305) with a thread on the outer ring side, and one side of the oil pump (4) is provided with a screw pipe (401), the inner wall of the screw pipe (401) is provided with an internal thread (403), and the screw pipe (401) is screwed and installed on the oil outlet bottom pipe (305), wherein the ring side of the screw pipe (401) is provided with a hexagonal structure (402); A liquid outlet pipe (404) is provided on the other side of the oil pump (4), and the liquid outlet pipe (404) is connected to the bottom side end of the oil pipe (7).

6. The cold start dynamic thermal compensation reduction motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of longitudinal plates (501) are disposed on the upper and lower sides of the rod frame (5), and each longitudinal plate (501) is fixedly connected to a fixed support rod (502) on one side facing the engine oil pan (3), and the heating resistor rod (503) is located at a side end of the fixed support rod (502), wherein the rod diameters of the fixed support rod (502) and the heating resistor rod (503) are smaller than the inner diameter of the copper alloy tube (303); The longitudinal plate (501) of the rod frame (5) is provided with side fixing frames (505) on both sides, the side fixing frames (505) are provided with through-hole structures, and the side end surface of the engine oil pan (3) is provided with mounting protrusions (306) matching with the side fixing frames (505), and the mounting protrusions (306) are provided with screw holes; The longitudinal plate (501) of the rod frame (5) is provided with two transverse holes (504), and the wire box (6) is provided with two fixing screws (601). The fixing screws (601) pass through the transverse holes (504) and are installed with matching nuts (602).

7. A control method for a cold start dynamic thermal compensation type reduction motor, characterized in that: A cold start dynamic thermal compensation reduction motor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the following contents: S1. When the reduction motor is started, the motor start power switch is turned on, and the second temperature detection rod (3104) of the temperature sensor (310) detects the oil temperature in the gear chamber (201); S2. When the temperature of the engine oil in the gear chamber (201) is not lower than a first reference temperature T1 preset by the system, the drive motor (1) is started, and the drive motor (1) drives the gear of the reduction gear box (2) to rotate at a speed N1, driving the engine oil in the gear chamber (201) to rotate, until the temperature of the engine oil in the gear chamber (201) is not lower than a second reference temperature T2 preset by the system, and the drive motor (1) drives the gear of the reduction gear box (2) to rotate at a normal rated speed N2, wherein T2>T1, N2>N1; S3. When the temperature of the engine oil in the gear chamber (201) is lower than the first reference temperature T1 preset by the system, the system starts to detect and preheat the engine oil in the box chamber (301); S3.

1. The first temperature detection rod (3103) of the temperature sensor (310) detects the oil temperature of the box cavity (301). When the oil temperature of the box cavity (301) is lower than the first reference temperature T1 preset by the system, the circuit where the heating resistor rod (503) is located is connected, and the heating resistor rod (503) starts to heat the copper alloy tube (303), thereby heating the oil in the box cavity (301); S3.

2. When the temperature of the oil in the inner cavity (301) of the box is not lower than the first reference temperature T1 preset by the system, the oil pump (4) is started to transfer the oil in the inner cavity (301) of the box to the gear cavity (201), and at the same time the drive motor (1) is started, the drive motor (1) drives the gear of the reduction gear box (2) to rotate at a speed N1, and drives the oil in the gear cavity (201) to rotate until the second temperature detection rod (3104) detects that the temperature of the oil in the gear cavity (201) is not lower than T2, the drive motor (1) drives the gear of the reduction gear box (2) to rotate at a normal rated speed N2, and at the same time the oil pump (4) and the heating resistor rod (503) stop working; S4. When the second temperature detection rod (3104) detects that the oil temperature in the gear chamber (201) exceeds the third reference temperature T3 preset by the system, the oil pump (4) starts and transfers the oil in the inner chamber (301) of the transmission box and the gear chamber (201), and the heat of the oil is dissipated outwards through the external heat dissipation fins (302) of the oil bottom box (3) and the inner wall of the copper alloy tube (303), wherein T3>T2>T1.

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