Novel boiler separator structure

Abstract

The invention relates to a boiler separator, in particular to a novel boiler separator structure. A novel boiler separator structure comprises a shell, an inlet is formed in one side of the shell, an air channel entering the shell from the inlet forms a guide plate with the front portion higher than the rear portion, the bottom of the shell is a solid exhaust port, and the upper end of the shell is a gas exhaust port. According to the novel boiler separator structure, the horizontal flue on the side of the target area is made into the gradually-changed shallow U-shaped groove when the structure inclines downwards front, back, left and right, so that circulating material airflow flows towards the side of the target area in the flowing process, and the quantity of materials entering the separator and flowing close to the wall is increased; and the quantity of the materials which are adhered to the wall and sink in advance is increased in the flowing process of the external circulation materials, so that the purposes of increasing the separation efficiency and improving the external circulation quantity are achieved, and better conditions are provided for controlling Nox emission in the on-load interval of the boiler and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a boiler separator, in particular to a novel boiler separator structure. Background Art

[0002] During the combustion process of the boiler, the amount of circulating ash in the furnace is crucial to improving the boiler's load capacity. The amount of circulating material (i.e., flue gas with dust) can transfer the heat generated by the combustion of coal particles to the water-cooled wall of the furnace, and exchange heat through convection heat exchange with the water-cooled wall, thereby meeting the boiler's load requirements. A lower amount of circulating material will result in higher bed temperature, higher NOx emissions, and poor boiler load capacity.

[0003] As coal prices rise, the operating costs of most companies begin to rise. In order to reduce transportation costs, high-calorie, low-ash coal is usually purchased. Due to the small amount of ash in this type of coal, the amount of circulating material in the furnace is low. In order to improve the separation efficiency of the external circulation, the methods usually used include reducing the width of the separator entrance, reducing the diameter of the center tube, and lengthening the length of the center tube. Although these methods can improve the separation efficiency of the external circulation, the width of the separator entrance is limited to 25m / s (steam-cooled) ~ 30m / s (adiabatic); the diameter of the center tube is limited to the flow rate in the center tube within 50m / s; the lengthening of the center tube will greatly increase the resistance, and the increased resistance is much less than the increased furnace differential pressure. After using these methods, the resistance of the separator will increase. After the resistance increases, the power consumption of the induced draft fan will also increase, which is not conducive to energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0004] The horizontal flue at the entrance of the separator was originally designed to be horizontal. After a period of operation, there will always be traces of downward flushing of the airflow at the target area of ​​the separator. In order to cut the horizontal flue of the separator into a circle with the circular cylinder of the separator, there will always be a triangular area after entering the separator. This area controls the descending position and descending time of the amount of circulating material in the separator. Some circulating fluidized bed boilers with large circulation volumes begin to flush downward when the airflow leaves the triangular area. When encountering the triangular area at the bottom, a back collision of the circulating material will occur, which will limit the continued increase of the circulating material in the furnace. And the position close to the side of the center cylinder will bring the circulating material into the tail flue, causing problems such as high exhaust temperature.

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned defects, the designers have actively carried out research and innovation in order to create a new boiler separator structure to make it more valuable for industrial use. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a novel boiler separator structure.

[0007] A novel boiler separator structure of the present invention comprises a shell, one side of which is provided with an inlet, the inlet leading into an air duct in the shell forms a guide plate with a high front and a low rear, the bottom of the shell is a solid discharge port, and the upper end is a gas discharge port.

[0008] The guide plate between the inlet and the outer shell of this new boiler separator structure is a guide plate structure that is high in the front and low in the back. The dusty flue gas flows in and passes through this guide plate into the separator, allowing the airflow to pass through the center of the separator, thereby improving the separation effect.

[0009] Furthermore, an expansion joint is installed between the inlet and the shell.

[0010] The expansion joint between the inlet and the shell is used to adjust the relative position of the inlet for easy use.

[0011] Furthermore, the height of the junction between the inlet and the shell is H, and the height of the inlet after extending toward the inner side of the shell is H+400 mm.

[0012] There is a height difference between the connecting plates between the inlet and the guide plate, which is convenient for guiding the airflow.

[0013] Furthermore, the guide plate between the bottom of the entrance and the shell has four end points, with the entry point of the straight wall as the reference point, the end point of the straight wall and the end point of the inclined wall being lower than the reference point, and the entry point of the inclined wall being higher than the reference point.

[0014] The four ends of the guide plate are at different heights, so that the external circulating materials in the circulating fluidized bed are guided toward the tangential side. After the dust and smoke are guided, most of the dust and smoke are away from the center tube, and a large amount of circulating dust is captured after entering the separator.

[0015] Furthermore, the end point of the entrance straight wall has the lowest height.

[0016] The upper left end point is the lowest, which also facilitates the airflow to flow to the inner wall of the shell and improves the separation efficiency.

[0017] Furthermore, the height of the entry point of a straight wall is 0, the height of the end point of the straight wall is -400mm, the end point of the inclined wall is -300mm, and the height of the entry point of the inclined wall is +100mm.

[0018] With such an arrangement, the flow guiding effect of the guide plate is better.

[0019] By means of the above scheme, the present invention has at least the following advantages: when the novel boiler separator structure is tilted downward in front, back, left, and right directions, the horizontal flue on the target area side is made into a gradually shallow U-shaped groove, so that the circulating material airflow flows toward the target area side during the flow process, increasing the amount of material that adheres to the wall and sinks in advance during the flow of the external circulation material, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing the separation efficiency and increasing the external circulation volume, and providing better conditions for controlling NOx emissions during boiler load.

[0020] Due to the use of a structure that sinks at the separator position, the separator inlet width will be reduced accordingly. After the separation efficiency is increased, after the furnace differential pressure required for combustion is reached, the length of the center tube can be shortened during design and the flow rate in the center tube can be controlled not to exceed the limit, which will also bring certain benefits to controlling the tail negative pressure and the power consumption of the induced draft fan.

[0021] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show a certain embodiment of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of the present invention; In the figure, 1 is the outer shell, 2 is the inlet, 3 is the solid discharge outlet, 4 is the gas discharge outlet, and 5 is the expansion joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0025] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 This new boiler separator structure has a smoke inlet 2 at one end of the shell 1, and an air duct at the rear end of the inlet is used to guide the smoke, so that the smoke and the shell 1 are convenient to fit together, thereby improving the separation efficiency of dust in the smoke. The separated gas is discharged from the gas outlet 4 at the upper end, and the dust is discharged from the solid outlet 3 at the lower end.

[0026] An expansion joint 5 is provided between the inlet 2 and the housing 1, so as to facilitate adjustment of the position of the inlet 2 and facilitate use.

[0027] The guide plate formed between the inlet 2 and the shell 1 has a drop of 50-400mm between the front and rear ends, so that the outer circulating materials in the circulating fluidized bed are guided to the tangential side. After the circulating materials are guided, most of the circulating materials are far away from the position of the central tube, and a large amount of circulating materials are captured after entering the separator, thereby improving the separation efficiency.

[0028] The four end points of the guide plate are at different heights. The entry point of the straight wall is taken as the reference point. The end point of the straight wall and the end point of the inclined wall are lower than the reference point, and the entry point of the inclined wall is higher than the reference point. Straight wall Figure 2 The wall panels on the middle A side have inclined walls. Figure 2 The wall panel on the middle B side.

[0029] The height of the entry point of the straight wall is 0, the height of the end point of the straight wall is -400mm, the end point of the inclined wall is -300mm, and the height of the entry point of the inclined wall is +100mm.

[0030] The guide plate is made into a gradually shallow U-shaped groove, so that the circulating material airflow flows toward the target area during the flow process, increasing the amount of material that adheres to the wall and sinks in advance during the flow of the external circulation material, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing the separation efficiency and increasing the external circulation volume, and providing better conditions for controlling NOx emissions during boiler load.

[0031] Finally, a few points should be explained: First, in the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, which may refer to mechanical connection or electrical connection, or internal communication between two components, or direct connection. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may change; Secondly: In the drawings of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention, only the structures related to the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are involved, and other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other; Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel boiler separator structure, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: The inner wall of the outer shell (1) is wrapped with a circulating fluidized bed. An inlet (2) is opened on one side of the outer shell (1). The inlet (2) leads into an air duct in the outer shell (1) to form a guide plate with a high front and a low rear. The bottom of the outer shell (1) is a solid discharge outlet (3), and the upper end is a gas discharge outlet (4).

2. A novel boiler separator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: An expansion joint (5) is installed between the inlet (2) and the housing (1).

3. A novel boiler separator structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The height of the junction between the inlet (1) and the shell (1) is H, and the height of the inlet (1) after extending toward the inside of the shell (1) is H+400 mm.

4. A novel boiler separator structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide plate between the bottom of the entrance (2) and the housing (1) has four end points, with the entry point of the straight wall as the reference point, the end point of the straight wall and the end point of the inclined wall being lower than the reference point, and the entry point of the inclined wall being higher than the reference point.

5. A novel boiler separator structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end point of the straight wall at the entrance (1) has the lowest height.

6. A novel boiler separator structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The height of the entry point of a straight wall is 0, the height of the end point of a straight wall is -400mm, the end point of a sloping wall is -300mm, and the height of the entry point of a sloping wall is +100mm.

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