Solar high-temperature heat utilization system

Abstract

The invention relates to a solar high-temperature heat utilization system, which adopts a heat collection pipe type solar air heater, a heat conduction oil system for heat storage, heat conduction oil and inert gas mixed heat transfer and separation technology to realize efficient utilization of solar heat. The problem of incrustation in a solar water heater in which an existing heat collector directly heats water is solved, the solar water heater is convenient to install and maintain, and expected social and economic benefits are remarkable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solar thermal utilization, and in particular to a solar high-temperature thermal utilization system adopting a heat collecting tube type solar hot air device and an inert gas heating thermal oil technology. Background Art

[0002] Solar thermal applications include solar water heating, solar heating, solar cooling, solar industrial and agricultural applications, photovoltaic / thermal integration (PV / T) applications, etc. According to IEA SHC TCP statistics, in terms of system installed capacity, in 2022, the installed capacity of household solar thermal systems that provide domestic hot water or heating for single-family homes will account for about 60% of the total installed capacity of solar thermal systems worldwide. In the field of people's livelihood, solar water heating systems and solar photovoltaic power generation are its main application types.

[0003] Solar water heating system: In 2009, there were more than 3,000 solar water heating system enterprises in China, with an annual output of about 40 million square meters and a total stock of 145 million square meters, accounting for 78% and 54% of the world respectively. In the field of people's livelihood, solar collectors are mainly used to provide domestic hot water. The hot water produced is basically below 100℃ and can only be used for daily washing, brushing and bathing. The reason is very simple. For example, if the water temperature is 150-200℃, the water in this temperature range must maintain a pressure of 0.5-1.6MPa if it does not boil and vaporize. It needs to be equipped with containers and pipeline valves with higher pressure. As the solar thermal collector continues to heat the circulating water to increase the temperature, the corresponding pressure on the solar thermal collector will also increase. It may also flash steam when used, which is not convenient for actual use. Therefore, solar collectors that produce medium and high temperature hot water are rarely used in households; the hot water produced by the solar water heating system cannot be used in a timely and complete manner, resulting in waste. In addition, the scaling problem of the solar water heating system is its inherent stubborn disease.

[0004] Home photovoltaic system: The electricity generated is mainly used for home use, such as lighting, watching TV, cooking, boiling water, cooking, heating, etc. It is convenient and fast, mainly due to the thermal utilization of solar energy in the home. The efficiency of photovoltaic power generation is relatively low, because photovoltaic panels mainly absorb visible light and infrared rays in solar radiation, and have weak absorption capacity for ultraviolet and blue light. In actual applications, the conversion efficiency of crystalline silicon photovoltaic cells is only 13% to 17%, and the efficiency of amorphous silicon photovoltaic conversion is even lower, only 6% to 8%; silicon bulk crystal materials are required in photovoltaic power generation technology, and the main raw material of crystalline silicon cells is pure silicon. Its production and purification process requires multiple chemical and physical processes, which not only consumes a lot of energy, but also causes certain pollution to the environment. These problems are not known to the public. Moreover, photovoltaic power is an unstable power source, and there are restrictions on Internet access. Energy storage devices must be equipped for home use.

[0005] Chinese patent No. 202221467099.2 - A solar double-pass collector tube balcony water heater, which realizes airflow heating through the cooperation of a header and a solar collector tube. A heat exchanger is arranged on the circulation tube connected at the head and tail of the header, which is connected to a water tank through a heat exchanger. A circulation pump is arranged on the water tank, and a fan is arranged on the circulation tube. The power of the fan and the circulation pump is all supplied by solar photovoltaic panels arranged outdoors. It has few overall connection points and leakage points. The liquid is continuously heated through the circulation pump, and the water tank temperature can be maintained continuously and hot water can be continuously supplied, eliminating the scaling problem of traditional water heating collectors. It is an excellent technical solution.

[0006] At present, my country is the largest producer and user of solar water heating systems and a major photovoltaic application country. How to transform from a major solar thermal utilization country to a strong solar thermal utilization country, overcome the problems existing in the existing solar water heating utilization system and photovoltaic system, timely, efficiently and flexibly utilize the heat obtained by solar collectors, avoid the loss of solar heat in the photovoltaic conversion process, store the heat obtained in the photothermal conversion process in a low-cost, simple and easy-to-use way, eliminate the scaling problem of the existing solar water heating system, and reasonably apply it to homes or other energy-using places is worthy of research and expectation. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the existing solar water heating system and photovoltaic utilization system, and to utilize the through-tube solar heat collector and inert gas heating heat transfer oil technology to collect, store and supply heat from solar energy, giving full play to the characteristics of heat transfer oil as "low pressure and high temperature" and high-quality heat storage and heat supply medium. It can be applied to household life such as conventional steaming, boiling, simmering, stewing and simmering, and high-temperature heat transfer oil can also be used as a heat source to drive absorption refrigerators for refrigeration, organic Rankine cycle power generation, etc., thereby realizing high-temperature, efficient and flexible heat utilization of solar energy.

[0008] A solar high temperature heat utilization system, comprising: Solar thermal air generator 7, recovers heat from solar energy, The oil-gas mixture separator 11 mixes the inert gas with the heat transfer oil for heat exchange, and then separates the heat transfer oil and the inert gas. The thermal oil tank 1 is used as a heat storage device for heat storage. The thermal oil pump 18 is used to pressurize and transport the thermal oil. The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank 1 is pressurized by the heat transfer oil pump 18 and sent to the oil-gas mixing separator 11 to mix with the inert gas sent by the solar hot air generator 7 for heat transfer and separation. The separated heat transfer oil falls into the heat transfer oil tank 1, thereby forming a heat recovery and heat storage circulation loop of the heat transfer oil. The inert gas separated from the oil-gas mixture separator 11 returns to the solar heat heater 7 via the circulating fan 4 and the return air pipeline 5. The heat collecting pipes in the solar heat heater 7 absorb the solar heat and are then transported to the oil-gas mixture separator 11. Alternatively, the inert gas separated from the oil-gas mixture separator 11 returns to the solar heat heater 7 via the return air pipeline 5. The heat collecting pipes in the solar heat heater 7 absorb the solar heat and are then transported to the oil-gas mixture separator 11 via the ventilator 13, thereby forming a heat recovery and energy release circulation loop for the inert gas.

[0009] The inert gas includes but is not limited to nitrogen, argon or a mixture of nitrogen and argon, which will not chemically react with the heat transfer oil.

[0010] The oil-gas mixture separator 11 includes a shell, a head, a packing support 111, a packing 112, a demisting layer 113, a support rod 114 of the washing tower 11 and a connecting pipe, which is similar to the structure of a washing tower widely used in industry, and is essentially a heat exchanger in which the heat transfer oil and the inert gas are in direct contact. The oil-gas mixture separator 11 can also be integrated with the heat transfer oil tank 1 as an oil-gas mixture separation element of the heat transfer oil tank 1.

[0011] An oil heater 31 is provided: The oil heater 31 includes a heating element 32. The heat-conducting oil in the heat-conducting oil tank 1 enters the heat-conducting oil pump 18 for pressure increase, and the pressurized heat-conducting oil is transported to the oil heater 31. The heating is completed by the heating element 32 (for example, a heating element made of a flat hollow cavity structure, a jacketed hollow cavity structure, or a square tube coil of a hollow cavity, etc.) to heat water, cook food, make porridge, stir-fry, etc. The heat-conducting oil coming out of the oil heater 31 returns to the heat-conducting oil tank 1 or falls into the heat-conducting oil tank 1 through the oil-gas mixing separator 11, thereby forming an energy release loop for the heat-storing heat-conducting oil in the heat-conducting oil tank 1.

[0012] The oil heater 31 includes an oil-heating kettle, an oil-heating rice cooker, an oil-heating cooking pot, an oil-heating frying pan, an oil-heating blower, and the like.

[0013] When the temperature of the high-temperature heat-conducting oil stored in the heat-conducting oil tank 1 is higher than 140°C, it can meet the heating temperature requirements for boiling water, steaming rice, cooking rice, and making porridge. The functional design of the oil-heating kettle, oil-heating rice cooker, oil-heating steaming pot, oil-heating frying pan, etc. can refer to the functional settings of the corresponding electric heating equipment. Preferably, the contact part of the oil heater 31 and the heating element 32 adopts the same structural design, thereby enhancing the flexibility and versatility of the use of the heating element 32 and the cooker.

[0014] A hot water tank 20 is provided: The hot water tank 20 uses an oil-water heater 22 to heat water. The oil-water heater 22 is arranged inside or outside the hot water tank 20. The heat-conducting oil from the heat-conducting oil tank 1 enters the heat-conducting oil pump 18 for pressure increase. The pressurized heat-conducting oil is transported to the oil-water heater 22. The water heated by the oil-water heater 22 is stored in the hot water tank 20. The heat-conducting oil coming out of the oil-water heater 22 returns to the heat-conducting oil tank 1 or falls into the heat-conducting oil tank 1 through the oil-gas mixing separator 11, thereby forming an energy release loop for storing heat in the heat-conducting oil tank 1.

[0015] The hot water tank 20 is provided with a water inlet valve 26 , and cold water 25 enters the hot water tank 20 through the water inlet valve 26 . The cold water 25 is tap water or groundwater.

[0016] Preferably, the water inlet valve 26 is an automatic water replenishment valve, which opens to let water in when the water level in the hot water tank 20 is at a set low water level, and closes to stop replenishing water when the water level in the hot water tank 20 reaches a set high water level, thereby avoiding the overflow and waste of water in the water heater tank caused by forgetting to close the water inlet valve when replenishing water in a traditional solar water heater.

[0017] The hot water tank 20 is provided with a hot water valve 27 . The water in the hot water tank 20 is output as domestic hot water 28 via the hot water valve 27 .

[0018] The hot water tank 20 is provided with a drain valve 23 for draining solid wastes precipitated in the hot water tank 20 .

[0019] The hot water tank 20 is provided with an air inlet valve 24: when the air in the air space 21 in the hot water tank 20 is lower than the atmospheric pressure, as indicated by the pressure gauge installed on the hot water tank 20, the air inlet valve 24 can be opened to replenish air, and closed when the pressure is balanced with the external pressure, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of "negative pressure deflation" of the hot water tank caused by air dissolving into water.

[0020] A heat exchanger 34 is provided: The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank 1 enters the heat transfer oil pump 18 to increase the pressure, and the pressurized heat transfer oil is transported to the heat exchanger 34 to heat the refrigerant 35 into the heat transfer medium 36. The heat transfer oil coming out of the heat exchanger 34 returns to the heat transfer oil tank 1 or falls into the heat transfer oil tank 1 through the oil-gas mixing separator 11, thereby forming an energy release circuit for the heat storage heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank 1.

[0021] For example, the heat exchanger 34 serves as an organic working fluid evaporator of the organic Rankine cycle unit: the organic Rankine cycle unit is mainly composed of an organic working fluid circulation pump, an organic working fluid evaporator, an organic working fluid gas turbine and a matching organic working fluid generator and a condenser. At this time, the heat exchanger 34 is the heat source of the organic working fluid evaporator, which is used to heat and vaporize the liquid organic working fluid delivered by the organic working fluid circulation pump to generate high-temperature gaseous organic working fluid, which enters the organic working fluid gas turbine to drive the organic working fluid generator to generate electricity, and the low-temperature and low-pressure organic working fluid vapor coming out of the organic working fluid gas turbine returns to the condenser for liquefaction, and then returns to the organic working fluid circulation pump, thereby forming an organic working fluid Rankine cycle loop.

[0022] As a change in the process, another thermal oil pump can be used to replace the thermal oil pump 18 to supply heat to the heat-using equipment. Its essence and function are the same as the thermal oil pump 18. Corresponding control and regulating valves and instruments are added, and corresponding bypass pipelines are reasonably set.

[0023] The heat collecting pipe is a through heat collecting pipe 10 or a heat pipe.

[0024] The through heat collecting tubes 10 can be connected in series, in parallel or in series and in parallel: As attached Figure 1 As shown, when multiple through heat collecting tubes 10 are used in parallel, the solar hot air device 7 includes a left header 8, a right header 9, and a through heat collecting tube 10. A plurality of through heat collecting tubes 10 connected in parallel are arranged between the left header 8 and the right header 9. The through heat collecting tube 10 absorbs the heat of solar energy and heats the inert gas entering the right header 9. The generated high-temperature inert gas is drawn out from the left header 8, transported to the oil-gas mixed separator 11 for mixing with the heat transfer oil for heat exchange and separation, and then returns to the right header 9, thereby forming an inert gas closed-loop circulation loop of the through heat collecting tube solar hot air device 7; As attached Figure 2 As shown, when multiple through-collecting tubes 10 are used in series, the solar thermal air heater 7 includes a trough collector 37, a concentrating plate 38 and a through-collecting tube 10, and the inert gas enters the multiple through-collecting tubes 10 connected in series. The through-collecting tubes 10 absorb the heat of the solar energy and heat the inert gas entering. The generated high-temperature inert gas is drawn out and transported to the oil-gas mixing separator 11 to mix with the heat transfer oil for heat exchange and separation, and then returns to the inlet of the through-collecting tube 10, thereby forming an inert gas closed-loop circulation loop of the through-collecting tube type solar thermal air heater 7.

[0025] When the solar heat air device 7 adopts a heat pipe type heat collecting tube, as shown in the attached Figure 3 As shown, the outer surface of the heat pipe 72 in the vacuum glass tube 71 is coated with a selective absorption coating, which is the evaporation part of the heat pipe 72. The part of the heat pipe 72 extending into the manifold 74 is the condensation part of the heat pipe 72, which absorbs the heat of the solar energy and is used to heat the gas 75 entering the manifold.

[0026] The solar heat generators 7 can be used in groups connected in series, in parallel, or in series and in parallel.

[0027] Preferably, the through-tube heat collecting tube 10 adopts a vacuum collector, the inner layer of the heat collecting tube is a stainless steel tube, the outer layer is a glass tube plus metal bellows at both ends, and the outer surface of the inner tube is coated with a selective absorption coating to achieve maximum absorption rate of direct solar radiation and minimum infrared wave re-radiation.

[0028] The circulating fan 4 is provided with an adjusting damper 3 for adjusting the air supply volume of the circulating fan 4 .

[0029] The ventilator 13 is provided with a hot air regulating damper 12 for adjusting the air supply volume of the ventilator 13 .

[0030] The circulating fan 4 and the ventilator 13 are substantially the same and are only used for distinction.

[0031] The circulating fan 4 or the ventilator 13 is a centrifugal, axial flow, screw or vortex fan.

[0032] The solar heat generator 7 is provided with necessary support rods or support frames to securely, stably and effectively fix the solar heat generator to avoid tipping accidents caused by strong winds.

[0033] The solar high-temperature heat utilization system adopts a special heat transfer oil packaging and operation process: the assembled heat transfer oil system is purged, tested for air tightness, tested for hydraulic pressure, and purged again to pass the test, and then nitrogen is used to replace the air remaining in the micro heat transfer oil system, and then dehydrated and degassed heat transfer oil is injected and packaged and insulated, and a positive pressure closed cycle operation mode is adopted; or the assembled heat transfer oil system is purged, tested for air tightness, tested for hydraulic pressure, and purged again to pass the test, and then heat transfer oil is injected, the heat transfer oil is dehydrated and degassed by using solar energy heat, and then nitrogen is used to replace the air remaining in the micro heat transfer oil system, and a positive pressure closed cycle operation mode is adopted.

[0034] The inlet pipeline of the thermal oil pump 18 is provided with a filter for filtering solid impurity particles in the thermal oil in the inlet pipeline.

[0035] The heat transfer oil tank 1 in the heat transfer oil system plays the role of oil and gas separation, buffering, heat storage and storage, so insulation measures need to be taken, and the design temperature range of the insulation outer surface is preferably 25 to 30°C.

[0036] The heat transfer oil system is provided with necessary exhaust valves and safety valves.

[0037] The thermal oil tank 1 adopts a horizontal or vertical structure, preferably a vertical structure, which facilitates the compact arrangement of the system.

[0038] The valve names in this application are only used for distinction, and some of the actual functions are the same.

[0039] The circulating fan 4 or the ventilator 13 adopts a variable frequency speed regulation operation mode, and flexibly adjusts the air supply volume and air supply pressure when the sunshine, heating and water temperature of the hot water tank change.

[0040] Preferably, the hot water tank 20 is made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel.

[0041] The hot water tank 1, the air duct and the heat accumulator 28 of the heat collecting tube type solar water heater are provided with heat preservation measures.

[0042] The thermal oil tank 1 or the hot water tank 20 is provided with an electric heater, or the thermal oil pipeline is provided with a heat recovery device, which is used as a supplementary heat source on cloudy days.

[0043] Pipes, instruments, valves, regulating bypasses, etc. not described in this application are matched with reference to the mature technologies in known organic heat carrier boilers and solar water heating projects.

[0044] Parts not mentioned in this application, such as safety accessories, interlocking protection devices and automatic control, are equipped with existing known technologies.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. It basically eliminates the problem of low heat utilization efficiency of existing solar water heating systems and photovoltaic utilization systems. The heat transfer oil at nearly normal pressure and high temperature facilitates users to make timely, flexible and efficient heat utilization, such as boiling water, cooking rice, porridge, soup, heating, drying, etc. at home. It has unparalleled advantages over hot water recovery systems, and / or uses heat recovery devices to efficiently recover the high-temperature flue gas waste heat generated by household stoves or industrial heating furnace fuels for heat supplementation. The heat transfer oil tank is used for heat absorption, heat storage and heat supply, realizing the effective supplement and rational utilization of multiple energy sources; 2. Compared with the existing solar water heater technology that directly heats water with heat collecting tubes, the heat collecting tubes are clean and have efficient heat transfer because the clean inert gas that has been "washed" and circulated in a closed circuit is passed through the heat collecting tubes. Unlike heat collecting tubes that directly heat water, the heat collecting tubes are not blocked by scale and heat exchange effect. The maintenance cost is extremely low and the operation cycle is greatly extended. In winter, unlike heat collecting tubes that directly heat water, there will be no freezing and blockage of water supply pipelines, cracking and leakage at the connection between the heat collecting water tank and the heat collecting tube due to low temperature. 3. Compared with the existing heat recovery technology of thermal oil, the present invention adopts the high-temperature inert gas generated by the solar hot air heater and the thermal oil to directly mix and transfer heat, separate oil and water, and the clean inert gas closed-loop circulation process. The inert gas and the thermal oil do not chemically react, the heat transfer is efficient, the equipment and process are streamlined, and the heat utilization efficiency is high; 4. Compared with the existing heat-collecting tube solar water heater technology, the thermal oil tank, hot water tank, thermal oil pump, fan, etc. of the present invention can be set indoors, which is convenient for installation, use, maintenance and repair; 5. Compared with the existing solar water heater technology that directly heats water with a heat collecting tube, the solar hot air heater of the present invention can be installed on the roof or as a home balcony wall-mounted solar heat recovery device. When the solar hot air heater is installed on the roof, it is light in weight and has no water leakage, which causes little damage to the waterproof layer of the roof and has a high safety factor; when it is used as a home balcony wall-mounted solar heat recovery device, it is light in weight and has no water leakage, which will not affect the residents and pedestrians downstairs due to water leakage; 6. Compared with the prior art, the present invention utilizes high-temperature inert gas to directly heat the heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank to achieve high-temperature heat storage and heat supply, and utilizes high-temperature heat transfer oil as a heat source to drive absorption or adsorption refrigerators for refrigeration, organic Rankine cycle power generation, etc., thereby achieving high-temperature, efficient and flexible heat utilization of solar energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 It is a process flow diagram of a solar high temperature heat utilization system of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 1 Middle: 1-heat transfer oil tank, 2-gas space, 3-adjusting damper, 4-circulating fan, 5-return air duct, 6-check valve, 7-solar heat heater, 8-left header, 9-right header, 10-through collector, 11-oil-gas mixing separator, 111-filling support, 112-filling, 113-demist layer, 114-leg, 115-return pipeline, 12-hot air measuring damper, 13-ventilator, 14-hot air duct valve, 15- Hot air pipeline, 16-discharge valve, 17-regulating valve, 18-thermal oil pump, 19-safety valve, 20-hot water tank, 21-hot water tank gas space, 22-oil-water heater, 23-drain valve, 24-inlet valve, 25-cold water, 26-inlet valve, 27-hot water valve, 28-hot water, 29-stop valve, 30-control valve, 31-oil heater, 32-heating element, 33-pressure gauge, 34-heat exchanger, 35-refrigerant, 36-heat medium.

[0048] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of another process flow of a solar high temperature heat utilization system of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 2In: 1-heat transfer oil tank, 2-gas space, 3-adjusting damper, 4-circulating fan, 5-return air duct, 6-check valve, 7-solar heat heater, 8-header (A), 9-header (B), 10-through collector, 11-oil-gas mixing separator, 111-filling support, 112-filling, 113-demist layer, 114-leg, 115-return pipeline, 12-hot air measuring damper, 13-ventilator, 14-hot air duct valve, 15-hot air pipeline, 16-discharge valve, 17-regulating valve, 18-thermal oil pump, 19-safety valve, 20-hot water tank, 21-gas space of hot water tank, 22-heat exchanger, 23-drain valve, 24-exhaust valve, 25-cold water, 26-water inlet valve, 27-hot water valve, 28-hot water, 29-stop valve, 30-control valve, 31-oil heater, 32-heating element, 33-pressure gauge, 34-heat exchanger, 35-refrigerant, 36-heat medium, 37-trough collector, 38-condensing plate.

[0050] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat pipe type solar heat air device in the present invention.

[0051] Figure 3 In the figure: 7-solar heat heater, 71-vacuum glass tube, 72-heat pipe, 73-sealing plug, 74-header, 75-air inlet of solar heat heater 7, 76-air outlet of solar heat heater 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0053] Embodiment 1: As attached Figure 1 As shown, a solar high temperature heat utilization system comprises: Solar thermal air generator 7, recovers heat from solar energy, The oil-gas mixture separator 11 mixes the inert gas with the heat transfer oil for heat exchange, and then separates the heat transfer oil and the inert gas. The thermal oil tank 1 is used as a heat storage device for heat storage. The thermal oil pump 18 is used to pressurize and transport the thermal oil. The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank 1 is pressurized by the heat transfer oil pump 18 and sent to the oil-gas mixing separator 11 to mix with the inert gas sent by the solar hot air generator 7 for heat transfer and separation. The separated heat transfer oil falls into the heat transfer oil tank 1 through the return pipeline 115, thereby forming a heat recovery and heat storage circulation loop of the heat transfer oil. The inert gas separated from the oil-gas mixture separator 11 returns to the solar heat generator 7 via the circulating fan 4 and the return air pipeline 5, and the through-collecting pipe 10 in the solar heat generator 7 absorbs solar heat before being transported to the oil-gas mixture separator 11; or the inert gas separated from the oil-gas mixture separator 11 returns to the solar heat generator 7 via the return air pipeline 5, and the through-collecting pipe 10 in the solar heat generator 7 absorbs solar heat before being transported to the oil-gas mixture separator 11 via the ventilator 13, thereby forming a heat recovery and energy release circulation loop of the inert gas.

[0054] The inert gas is nitrogen, which will not chemically react with the heat transfer oil.

[0055] The oil-gas mixture separator 11 includes a shell, a head, a packing support 111, a packing 112, a demisting layer 113, a support rod 114 of the washing tower 11 and a connecting pipe, which is similar to the structure of a washing tower widely used in industry, and is essentially a heat exchanger in which the heat transfer oil and the inert gas are in direct contact. The oil-gas mixture separator 11 can also be integrated with the heat transfer oil tank 1 as an oil-gas mixture separation element of the heat transfer oil tank 1.

[0056] An oil heater 31 is provided: The oil heater 31 includes a heating element 32. The heat-conducting oil in the heat-conducting oil tank 1 enters the heat-conducting oil pump 18 for pressure increase, and the pressurized heat-conducting oil is transported to the oil heater 31. The heating is completed by the heating element 32 (for example, a heating element made of a flat hollow cavity structure, a jacketed hollow cavity structure, or a square tube coil of a hollow cavity, etc.) to heat water, cook food, make porridge, stir-fry, etc. The heat-conducting oil coming out of the oil heater 31 returns to the heat-conducting oil tank 1 or falls into the heat-conducting oil tank 1 through the oil-gas mixing separator 11, thereby forming an energy release loop for the heat-storing heat-conducting oil in the heat-conducting oil tank 1.

[0057] The oil heater 31 includes an oil-heating kettle, an oil-heating rice cooker, an oil-heating cooking pot, an oil-heating frying pan, an oil-heating blower, and the like.

[0058] When the temperature of the high-temperature heat-conducting oil stored in the heat-conducting oil tank 1 is higher than 140°C, it can meet the heating temperature requirements for boiling water, steaming rice, cooking rice, and making porridge. The functional design of the oil-heating kettle, oil-heating rice cooker, oil-heating steaming pot, oil-heating frying pan, etc. can refer to the functional settings of the corresponding electric heating equipment. Preferably, the contact part of the oil heater 31 and the heating element 32 adopts the same structural design, thereby enhancing the flexibility and versatility of the use of the heating element 32 and the cooker.

[0059] A hot water tank 20 is provided: The hot water tank 20 uses an oil-water heater 22 to heat water. The oil-water heater 22 is arranged inside or outside the hot water tank 20. The heat-conducting oil from the heat-conducting oil tank 1 enters the heat-conducting oil pump 18 for pressure increase. The pressurized heat-conducting oil is transported to the oil-water heater 22. The water heated by the oil-water heater 22 is stored in the hot water tank 20. The heat-conducting oil coming out of the oil-water heater 22 returns to the heat-conducting oil tank 1 or falls into the heat-conducting oil tank 1 through the oil-gas mixing separator 11, thereby forming an energy release loop for storing heat in the heat-conducting oil tank 1.

[0060] The hot water tank 20 is provided with a water inlet valve 26 , and cold water 25 enters the hot water tank 20 through the water inlet valve 26 . The cold water 25 is tap water or groundwater.

[0061] Preferably, the water inlet valve 26 is an automatic water replenishment valve, which opens to let water in when the water level in the hot water tank 20 is at a set low water level, and closes to stop replenishing water when the water level in the hot water tank 20 reaches a set high water level, thereby avoiding the overflow and waste of water in the water heater tank caused by forgetting to close the water inlet valve when replenishing water in a traditional solar water heater.

[0062] The hot water tank 20 is provided with a hot water valve 27 . The water in the hot water tank 20 is output as domestic hot water 28 via the hot water valve 27 .

[0063] The hot water tank 20 is provided with a drain valve 23 for draining solid wastes precipitated in the hot water tank 20 .

[0064] The hot water tank 20 is provided with an air inlet valve 24: when the air in the air space 21 in the hot water tank 20 is lower than the atmospheric pressure, as indicated by the pressure gauge installed on the hot water tank 20, the air inlet valve 24 can be opened to replenish air, and closed when the pressure is balanced with the external pressure, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of "negative pressure deflation" of the hot water tank caused by air dissolving into water.

[0065] A heat exchanger 34 is provided: The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank 1 enters the heat transfer oil pump 18 to increase the pressure, and the pressurized heat transfer oil is transported to the heat exchanger 34 to heat the refrigerant 35 into the heat transfer medium 36. The heat transfer oil coming out of the heat exchanger 34 returns to the heat transfer oil tank 1 or falls into the heat transfer oil tank 1 through the oil-gas mixing separator 11, thereby forming an energy release circuit for the heat storage heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank 1.

[0066] For example, the heat exchanger 34 serves as an organic working fluid evaporator of the organic Rankine cycle unit: the organic Rankine cycle unit is mainly composed of an organic working fluid circulation pump, an organic working fluid evaporator, an organic working fluid gas turbine and a matching organic working fluid generator and a condenser. At this time, the heat exchanger 34 is the heat source of the organic working fluid evaporator, which is used to heat and vaporize the liquid organic working fluid delivered by the organic working fluid circulation pump to generate high-temperature gaseous organic working fluid, which enters the organic working fluid gas turbine to drive the organic working fluid generator to generate electricity, and the low-temperature and low-pressure organic working fluid vapor coming out of the organic working fluid gas turbine returns to the condenser for liquefaction, and then returns to the organic working fluid circulation pump, thereby forming an organic working fluid Rankine cycle loop.

[0067] As a change in the process, another thermal oil pump can be used to replace the thermal oil pump 18 to supply heat to the heat-using equipment. Its essence and function are the same as the thermal oil pump 18. Corresponding control and regulating valves and instruments are added, and corresponding bypass pipelines are reasonably set.

[0068] A plurality of through heat collecting pipes 10 of the solar hot air device 7 are used in parallel. The solar hot air device 7 comprises a left header 8, a right header 9, and a through heat collecting pipe 10. A plurality of through heat collecting pipes 10 in parallel are arranged between the left header 8 and the right header 9. The through heat collecting pipes 10 absorb the heat of solar energy and heat the inert gas entering the right header 9. The generated high-temperature inert gas is drawn out from the left header 8, transported to the oil-gas mixed separator 11 for mixing with the heat transfer oil for heat exchange and separation, and then returned to the right header 9, thereby forming a closed-loop circulation loop of the inert gas through the heat collecting pipe type solar hot air device 7; The solar heat generators 7 can be used in groups connected in series, in parallel, or in series and in parallel.

[0069] Preferably, the through-tube heat collecting tube 10 adopts a vacuum collector, the inner layer of the heat collecting tube is a stainless steel tube, the outer layer is a glass tube plus metal bellows at both ends, and the outer surface of the inner tube is coated with a selective absorption coating to achieve maximum absorption rate of direct solar radiation and minimum infrared wave re-radiation.

[0070] The circulating fan 4 is provided with an adjusting damper 3 for adjusting the air supply volume of the circulating fan 4 .

[0071] The ventilator 13 is provided with a hot air regulating damper 12 for adjusting the air supply volume of the ventilator 13 .

[0072] The circulating fan 4 and the ventilator 13 are substantially the same and are only used for distinction.

[0073] The circulating fan 4 or the ventilator 13 is a centrifugal, axial flow, screw or vortex fan.

[0074] The solar heat generator 7 is provided with necessary support rods or support frames to securely, stably and effectively fix the solar heat generator to avoid tipping accidents caused by strong winds.

[0075] The solar high-temperature heat utilization system adopts a special heat transfer oil packaging and operation process: the assembled heat transfer oil system is purged, tested for air tightness, tested for hydraulic pressure, and purged again to pass the test, and then nitrogen is used to replace the air remaining in the micro heat transfer oil system, and then dehydrated and degassed heat transfer oil is injected and packaged and insulated, and a positive pressure closed cycle operation mode is adopted; or the assembled heat transfer oil system is purged, tested for air tightness, tested for hydraulic pressure, and purged again to pass the test, and then heat transfer oil is injected, the heat transfer oil is dehydrated and degassed by using solar energy heat, and then nitrogen is used to replace the air remaining in the micro heat transfer oil system, and a positive pressure closed cycle operation mode is adopted.

[0076] The inlet pipeline of the thermal oil pump 18 is provided with a filter for filtering solid impurity particles in the thermal oil in the inlet pipeline.

[0077] The heat transfer oil tank 1 in the heat transfer oil system plays the role of oil and gas separation, buffering, heat storage and storage, so insulation measures need to be taken, and the design temperature range of the insulation outer surface is preferably 25 to 30°C.

[0078] The heat transfer oil system is provided with necessary exhaust valves and safety valves.

[0079] The thermal oil tank 1 adopts a horizontal or vertical structure, preferably a vertical structure, which facilitates the compact arrangement of the system.

[0080] The valve names in this application are only used for distinction, and some of the actual functions are the same.

[0081] The circulating fan 4 or the ventilator 13 adopts a variable frequency speed regulation operation mode, and flexibly adjusts the air supply volume and air supply pressure when the sunshine, heating and water temperature of the hot water tank change.

[0082] Preferably, the hot water tank 20 is made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel.

[0083] The hot water tank 1, the air duct and the heat accumulator 28 of the heat collecting tube type solar water heater are provided with heat preservation measures.

[0084] The thermal oil tank 1 or the hot water tank 20 is provided with an electric heater, or the thermal oil pipeline is provided with a heat recovery device, which is used as a supplementary heat source on cloudy days.

[0085] Pipes, instruments, valves, regulating bypasses, etc. not described in this application are matched with reference to the mature technologies in known organic heat carrier boilers and solar water heating projects.

[0086] Parts not mentioned in this application, such as safety accessories, interlocking protection devices and automatic control, are equipped with existing known technologies.

[0087] Embodiment 2: As attached Figure 2 As shown, the through-collecting tubes 10 of the solar thermal air heater 7 are connected in series. The solar thermal air heater 7 includes a trough collector 37, a concentrating plate 38 and a through-collecting tube 10. The inert gas enters the multiple through-collecting tubes 10 connected in series. The through-collecting tubes 10 absorb the heat of the solar energy and heat the inert gas entering. The generated high-temperature inert gas is drawn out and transported to the oil-gas mixing separator 11 to mix with the heat transfer oil for heat exchange and separation, and then returns to the inlet of the through-collecting tube 10, thereby forming an inert gas closed-loop circulation loop of the through-collecting tube type solar thermal air heater 7.

[0088] The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0089] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, they are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art can make various changes or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which also belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the definition of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A solar high temperature heat utilization system, characterized in that: include: The solar thermal air generator (7) recovers heat from solar energy. The oil-gas mixture separator (11) mixes the inert gas and the heat transfer oil for heat exchange, and then separates the heat transfer oil and the inert gas. The thermal oil tank (1) serves as a heat storage device for storing heat. The heat transfer oil pump (18) is used to pressurize and transport the heat transfer oil. The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank (1) is pressurized by a heat transfer oil pump (18) and sent to an oil-gas mixing separator (11) to mix with the high-temperature inert gas sent from the solar hot air device (7) for heat transfer and separation. The separated heat transfer oil falls into the heat transfer oil tank (1), thereby forming a heat recovery and heat storage circulation loop for the heat transfer oil. The inert gas separated from the oil-gas mixture separator (11) returns to the solar heat generator (7) via the circulating fan (4) and the return air pipeline (5), and the heat collecting pipe in the solar heat generator (7) absorbs solar heat before being transported to the oil-gas mixture separator (11). Alternatively, the inert gas separated from the oil-gas mixture separator (11) returns to the solar heat generator (7) via the return air pipeline (5), and the heat collecting pipe in the solar heat generator (7) absorbs solar heat before being transported to the oil-gas mixture separator (11) via the ventilator (13), thereby forming a heat recovery and energy release circulation loop for the inert gas.

2. The solar high temperature thermal utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: With oil heater (31): The oil heater (31) comprises a heating element (32). The heat-conducting oil in the heat-conducting oil tank (1) enters the heat-conducting oil pump (18) to be pressurized. The pressurized heat-conducting oil is transported to the oil heater (31) and heated by the heating element (32). The heat-conducting oil coming out of the oil heater (31) returns to the heat-conducting oil tank (1) or falls into the heat-conducting oil tank (1) through the oil-gas mixing separator (11), thereby forming an energy release circuit for the heat-conducting oil stored in the heat-conducting oil tank (1).

3. The solar high temperature thermal utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hot water tank (20) is provided: The hot water tank (20) uses an oil-water heater (22) to heat water. The heat-conducting oil in the heat-conducting oil tank (1) enters the heat-conducting oil pump (18) to increase the pressure. The pressurized heat-conducting oil is transported to the oil-water heater (22). The water heated by the oil-water heater (22) is stored in the hot water tank (20). The heat-conducting oil coming out of the oil-water heater (22) returns to the heat-conducting oil tank (1) or falls into the heat-conducting oil tank (1) through the oil-gas mixing separator (11), thereby forming an energy release loop for the heat-conducting oil stored in the heat-conducting oil tank (1).

4. The solar high temperature thermal utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat exchanger (34) is provided: The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank (1) enters the heat transfer oil pump (18) to be pressurized, and the pressurized heat transfer oil is transported to the heat exchanger (34) to heat the refrigerant (35) into the heat transfer medium (36). The heat transfer oil coming out of the heat exchanger (34) returns to the heat transfer oil tank (1) or falls into the heat transfer oil tank (1) through the oil-gas mixing separator (11), thereby forming an energy release circuit for the heat transfer oil stored in the heat transfer oil tank (1).

5. The solar high temperature thermal utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulating fan (4) or ventilator (13) is a centrifugal, axial flow, screw or vortex fan.

6. The solar high temperature thermal utilization system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A water inlet valve (26) is provided: cold water (25) enters the hot water tank (20) through the water inlet valve (26); When the water inlet valve (26) is an automatic water replenishment valve, when the water level in the hot water tank (20) is at a set low water level, the automatic water replenishment valve opens to allow water to enter, and when the water level in the hot water tank (20) reaches a set high water level, the automatic water replenishment valve closes to stop replenishing water.

7. The solar high temperature thermal utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat collecting pipe is a through heat collecting pipe (10) or a heat pipe.

8. The solar high temperature thermal utilization system according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the through-type heat collecting pipes 10 are connected in parallel for use, the solar hot air device (7) comprises a left header (8), a right header (9), and a through-type heat collecting pipe (10). A plurality of through-type heat collecting pipes (10) connected in parallel are arranged between the left header (8) and the right header (9). The through-type heat collecting pipes (10) absorb the heat of solar energy and heat the inert gas entering the right header (9). The generated high-temperature inert gas is drawn out from the left header (8) and transported to the oil-gas mixing separator (11) to mix with the heat transfer oil for heat exchange and separation, and then returns to the right header (9), thereby forming a closed-loop circulation loop of the inert gas of the through-type heat collecting pipe solar hot air device (7).

9. The solar high temperature thermal utilization system according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the through-type heat collecting tubes (10) are used in series: the solar thermal air heater (7) comprises a trough collector (37), a concentrator plate (38) and a through-type heat collecting tube (10); inert gas enters the plurality of through-type heat collecting tubes (10) connected in series; the through-type heat collecting tubes (10) absorb the heat of the solar energy and heat the inert gas entering; the generated high-temperature inert gas is drawn out and transported to an oil-gas mixing separator (11) to mix with the heat transfer oil for heat exchange and separation; and then returns to the inlet of the through-type heat collecting tube (10), thereby forming a closed-loop circulation loop of the inert gas of the through-type heat collecting tube solar thermal air heater (7).

10. The solar high temperature thermal utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal oil tank (1) or the hot water tank (20) is provided with an electric heater, or the thermal oil pipeline is provided with a heat recovery device, as a supplementary heat source.

Images