Testing device and testing method for stress corrosion of material
By designing a test device containing multiple testing institutions, the problem that the prior art cannot conduct strain testing on multiple test samples at the same time is solved, and the simultaneous testing of multiple samples under the same test environment is realized, and nuclear power materials are improved Efficiency and accuracy of stress corrosion screening.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411644843.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-18
AI Technical Summary
The prior art cannot conduct strain testing on multiple test samples at the same time, resulting in the impact of the stress corrosion test progress of nuclear power materials and the accuracy of material screening.
A test device for stress corrosion of materials is designed, the device includes two tensile members and multiple testing mechanisms. The test mechanism consists of a first bracket, a second bracket, a telescopic assembly and a pressure sensor. The telescopic assembly is after the test sample is broken. Cut off your own expansion and contraction, lock the relative position of the bracket to ensure consistency of the test conditions.
It realizes strain testing of multiple test samples at the same time under the same test environment, improving the efficiency and accuracy of stress corrosion screening of nuclear power materials.
Smart Images
Figure CN119470029A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of material detection, and in particular to a testing device and a testing method for material stress corrosion. Background Art
[0002] Nuclear power is recognized as the only modern clean energy that can replace fossil fuels on a large scale at this stage. Nuclear structural materials have been in service for a long time in high temperature and high pressure water environment. At the same time, they are also subjected to the combined stress caused by the cold processing of the material itself, tooling stress, and high temperature water thermal stress. Under the interaction of environment and mechanics, there is a risk of stress corrosion cracking. Failure cases at nuclear power plants show that 20%-40% of corrosion failure cases in nuclear power plants involve stress corrosion, especially in steam generators, control rod drive mechanisms, and reactor internal components made of nickel-based alloys and stainless steel.
[0003] Constant strain test, constant tensile rate test and slow strain tensile test are widely used in stress corrosion test of nuclear structural materials. However, the existing stress change test equipment for materials can only test one sample, and it is difficult to ensure the consistency of test conditions for multiple tests on different samples, which seriously affects the test progress of stress corrosion of nuclear power materials and the accuracy of material screening.
[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a testing device and a testing method for material stress corrosion to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention
[0005] In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a testing device and a testing method for material stress corrosion, so as to improve the technical problem that the existing testing device cannot perform strain testing on multiple test samples at the same time.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object and other related objects, the present invention provides, in a first aspect, a material stress corrosion testing device, the material stress corrosion testing device comprising two tensile members and a plurality of testing mechanisms;
[0007] Among them, multiple testing mechanisms are arranged in series between the two tensile members; the testing mechanism includes a first bracket, a second bracket, a telescopic assembly and a pressure sensor, the first bracket is arranged opposite to the second bracket, the first bracket and the second bracket are connected through the telescopic assembly, a test sample is fixed between the first bracket and the second bracket, and the pressure sensor is used to detect the force applied to the test sample by the two tensile members; the telescopic assembly is configured to cut off the telescopic after the test sample is stretched and broken.
[0008] In one example of the present invention, the telescopic assembly includes a shell, a telescopic rod and a self-locking device, the shell is fixed on the first bracket, a telescopic cavity is provided in the shell, one end of the telescopic rod is slidably installed in the telescopic cavity, the other end of the telescopic rod is fixed on the second bracket, the self-locking device is arranged on the shell and is transmission-connected to the telescopic rod, and the self-locking device is configured to lock the relative position of the telescopic rod and the shell after the test sample is broken.
[0009] In one example of the present invention, the self-locking device includes an inner ring, a movable ring and an outer ring, the inner ring is transmission-connected to the telescopic rod, the movable ring is arranged around the periphery of the inner ring, and the outer ring is fixed to the shell and is arranged around the periphery of the movable ring; the movable ring is fixed to the inner ring in the circumferential direction and moves between the inner ring and the outer ring in the radial direction; a first limiting structure is provided on the inner ring of the outer ring, and a second limiting structure is provided on the outer ring of the movable ring, and the movable ring can move to a position where the second limiting structure cooperates with the first limiting structure, and the cooperating first limiting structure and second limiting structure lock the relative position of the movable ring and the outer ring.
[0010] In one example of the present invention, a third limiting structure is provided between the movable ring and the inner ring, and the third limiting structure defines the relative position of the movable ring and the inner ring in the circumferential direction and allows the movable ring to move between the inner ring and the outer ring in the radial direction.
[0011] In an example of the present invention, the third limiting structure allows the movable ring to move in the radial direction within a preset moving distance; there is a gap between the outer ring and the inner ring, and the gap distance is smaller than the preset moving distance.
[0012] In an example of the present invention, a transmission rod is provided at the bottom of the inner ring, and the transmission rod is in transmission connection with the telescopic rod, and the sliding of the telescopic rod in the telescopic cavity can drive the transmission rod to rotate.
[0013] In an example of the present invention, the first limiting structure is a locking member, and the locking member is protrudingly arranged on the inner ring of the outer ring; the second limiting structure is a bayonet, and the bayonet matches the shape of the locking member.
[0014] In an example of the present invention, the third limiting structure includes a protrusion and a groove, the groove is arranged on the outer ring of the inner ring, the protrusion is arranged on the inner ring of the movable ring, and the protrusion and the groove match in the radial direction.
[0015] In one example of the present invention, the pressure sensors are respectively arranged at relative positions of the first bracket and the second bracket, and the test sample is fixed between the relatively arranged pressure sensors. In a second aspect, the present invention provides a material stress corrosion test method, which is implemented using the test device described in any of the above examples.
[0016] The stress corrosion testing device of the material of the present invention arranges multiple testing mechanisms in series between two tensile members, each testing mechanism is equipped with a test sample between a first bracket and a second bracket, and the first bracket and the second bracket are connected by a telescopic component. The testing device performs stress testing on the test samples in the multiple testing mechanisms through two tensile members. During the test, the telescopic component in the testing mechanism can follow the test sample to extend with the same amplitude, and cut off its own extension after the test sample in the testing mechanism is stretched and broken, so as to lock the relative position of the first bracket and the second bracket in the testing mechanism, and ensure that the testing mechanism carrying the broken test sample can still transmit the tensile force of the tensile member, so as not to interfere with other testing mechanisms carrying unbroken samples. In summary, the testing device can perform strain testing on multiple test samples at the same time under the same test environment, effectively improving the efficiency and accuracy of stress corrosion screening of nuclear power materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of a testing device for material stress corrosion in one embodiment of the present invention;
[0019] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a testing mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention;
[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a structure in which a test sample is fixed between a first bracket and a second bracket in one embodiment of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a telescopic assembly in one embodiment of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of a self-locking device in one embodiment of the present invention.
[0023] Component number description
[0024] 10. Tensile member; 20. Testing mechanism; 30. First bracket; 40. Second bracket; 50. Telescopic assembly; 51. Shell; 511. Telescopic cavity; 52. Telescopic rod; 53. Self-locking device; 531. Inner ring; 532. Moving ring; 533. Outer ring; 534. Transmission rod; 535. First limiting structure; 536. Second limiting structure; 537. Third limiting structure; 5371. Groove; 5372. Protrusion; 60. Pressure sensor; 70. Test sample. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The following is an explanation of the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the features in the following embodiments and the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. It should also be understood that the terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are intended to describe specific embodiments, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The test methods for which specific conditions are not specified in the following examples are usually carried out under conventional conditions or according to the conditions recommended by the manufacturers.
[0026] When numerical ranges are given in the embodiments, it should be understood that unless otherwise specified in the present invention, both endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints can be selected. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention are familiar to those skilled in the art and the description of the present invention, and any method, device and material of the prior art similar or equivalent to the method, device and material in the embodiments of the present invention can also be used to implement the present invention.
[0027] It should be noted that the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" etc. used in this specification are only for the convenience of description and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially changing the technical content, should also be regarded as the scope of implementation of the present invention.
[0028] See 1 to Figure 5 The present invention provides a testing device and a testing method for material stress corrosion, which can perform tensile strain tests on multiple test samples at the same time. The strain tests of other unbroken test samples will not be affected by the existence of broken test samples during the test process, so that multiple test samples can be tested under the same test environment, effectively improving the efficiency and accuracy of stress corrosion screening of nuclear power materials.
[0029] See also Figures 1 to 5In a first aspect, the present invention provides a testing device for material stress corrosion, the testing device comprising two tensile members 10 and a plurality of testing mechanisms 20.
[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, multiple test mechanisms 20 are connected in series in an end-to-end manner, and each test mechanism 20 is equipped with a test sample 70, and the test sample 70 is arranged on the test mechanism 20 along the series direction. Two tensile members 10 are respectively arranged at both ends of the multiple test mechanisms 20 connected in series, and the two tensile members 10 stretch or compress the multiple test mechanisms 20 in the middle to apply the same force to the multiple test mechanisms 20 in series, so as to detect the strain of the test sample 70 in each test mechanism 20 under the same test conditions. It should be noted that the fixed connection method between adjacent test mechanisms 20 can be defined by radicals, for example, the adjacent test mechanisms 20 can be fixedly connected by bolts, threads, rivets and other connection methods.
[0031] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the test mechanism 20 includes a first bracket 30, a second bracket 40, a telescopic assembly 50 and a pressure sensor 60. The first bracket 30 is arranged opposite to the second bracket 40. The first bracket 30 and the second bracket 40 are connected by the telescopic assembly 50. The first bracket 30 and the second bracket 40 are used to fix the test sample 70. One end of the test sample 70 is fixed on the first bracket 30, and the other end of the test sample 70 is fixed on the second bracket 40. The pressure sensor 60 is arranged on at least one of the first bracket 30 and the second bracket 40. The pressure sensor 60 is used to detect the force applied by the first bracket 30 and the second bracket 40 to the test sample 70, that is, the force applied by the tensile member 10 at both ends to the test sample 70 through the test mechanism 20.
[0032] The telescopic assembly 50 has a telescopic function, and the telescopic assembly 50 can be stretched or compressed between the first bracket 30 and the second bracket 40. Specifically, when the test sample 70 is not broken, the telescopic assembly 50 is configured not to limit the position change between the first bracket 30 and the second bracket 40, but to follow the test sample 70 to extend or shorten with the same amplitude, that is, it does not bear the tensile or compressive force between the first bracket 30 and the second bracket 40. In addition, after the test sample 70 breaks, the telescopic assembly 50 is configured to stop its own telescopic movement, and the telescopic assembly 50 locks the relative position of the first bracket 30 and the second bracket 40 in the test mechanism 20, so as to replace the test sample 70 to bear and transmit the tensile force applied by the two tensile members 10 between the first bracket 30 and the second bracket 40. This allows the test mechanism 20 to still transmit the tensile force applied by the tensile members 10 at both ends through the telescopic assembly 50 when the test sample 70 carried by it breaks, so as not to affect the tensile test of the test sample 70 carried by other test mechanisms 20.
[0033] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the telescopic assembly 50 includes a housing 51, a telescopic rod 52 and a self-locking device 53. The housing 51 is fixedly arranged on the first bracket 30, and a telescopic cavity 511 is arranged on the housing 51. The cavity of the telescopic cavity 511 extends in the horizontal direction, and the telescopic cavity 511 has an opening, and the opening of the telescopic cavity 511 faces the second bracket 40. One end of the telescopic rod 52 is slidably installed in the telescopic cavity 511 of the housing 51 from the opening, and the other end of the telescopic rod 52 is fixedly arranged on the second bracket 40. The first bracket 30 and the second bracket 40 are moved closer or farther from each other by sliding the telescopic rod 52 in the telescopic cavity 511, and then the test sample 70 is stretched or compressed under the traction of the tensile members 10 at both ends. The self-locking device 53 is arranged on the housing 51 and is transmission-connected with the telescopic rod 52. The structure of the self-locking device 53 realizing the adaptive locking will rotate on the housing 51 along with the sliding of the telescopic rod 52 when the test sample 70 is not broken. The self-locking device 53 will not apply a force to the telescopic rod 52 to hinder its sliding when the test sample 70 is not broken, so as not to affect the sliding of the telescopic rod 52 in the telescopic cavity 511, nor will it affect the force applied to the test sample 70 by the first bracket 30 and the second bracket 40. After the test sample 70 is broken, the self-locking device 53 will lock its own rotation and use the transmission relationship to prevent the relative sliding of the telescopic rod 52 in the telescopic cavity 511, so as to fix the relative position of the telescopic rod 52 and the housing 51, and then lock the relative position between the first bracket 30 and the second bracket 40. After the test sample 70 is broken, the locked telescopic rod 52 and the housing 51 can replace the broken test sample 70 to bear and transmit the tensile force applied by the two tensile members 10 between the first bracket 30 and the second bracket 40.
[0034] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the self-locking device 53 includes an inner ring 531, a moving ring 532 and an outer ring 533. The inner ring 531 is rotatably mounted on the housing 51, and the inner ring 531 is transmission-connected to the telescopic rod 52. The inner ring 531 rotates under the sliding drive of the telescopic rod 52. The moving ring 532 is arranged around the periphery of the inner ring 531, and the moving ring 532 is fixed to the inner ring 531 in the circumferential direction, and can move relative to the inner ring 531 in the radial direction. The outer ring 533 is fixedly connected to the housing 51, and the outer ring 533 is arranged around the periphery of the moving ring 532. A first limiting structure 535 is arranged on the inner ring of the outer ring 533, and a second limiting structure 536 is arranged on the outer ring of the moving ring 532. When the first limiting structure 535 cooperates with the second limiting structure 536, the relative position of the moving ring 532 and the outer ring 533 can be locked. It should be noted that the corresponding numbers of the first limiting structures 535 on the outer ring 533 and the second limiting structures 536 on the movable ring 532 are not limited, and the corresponding numbers of the first limiting structures 535 and the second limiting structures 536 can be one pair or multiple pairs.
[0035] Among them, when the test sample 70 is not broken, the telescopic rod 52 will slowly slide in the telescopic cavity 511 with the strain of the test sample 70, thereby driving the inner ring 531 and the moving ring 532 outside the inner ring 531 to slowly rotate. Since there is a gap between the outer ring 533 and the moving ring 532, during the slow rotation of the moving ring 532, the second limiting structure 536 of the outer ring of the moving ring 532 cannot cooperate with the first limiting structure 535 of the inner ring of the outer ring 533, so that the self-locking device 53 will not lock the telescopic rod 52 from sliding in the telescopic cavity 511 when the test sample 70 is not broken. When the test sample 70 is broken by the pressure, the telescopic rod 52 moves rapidly under the action of the tensile member 10, so that the inner ring 531 and the moving ring 532 outside the inner ring 531 rotate rapidly. During the rapid rotation, the moving ring 532 is acted upon by the centrifugal force to approach the outer ring 533. After the moving ring 532 is close to the outer ring 533, the second limiting structure 536 and the first limiting structure 535 are engaged with each other during the rotation. The matched first limiting structure 535 and the second limiting structure 536 lock the relative position of the moving ring 532 and the outer ring 533, and lock the rotation of the moving ring 532 and the inner ring 531, thereby stopping the sliding of the telescopic rod 52 in the telescopic cavity 511 and fixing the relative position between the first bracket 30 and the second bracket 40.
[0036] like Figure 5As shown, in some embodiments, a third limiting structure 537 is provided between the moving ring 532 and the inner ring 531, and the third limiting structure 537 fixes the relative position of the moving ring 532 and the inner ring 531 in the circumferential direction, and can allow the moving ring 532 to move between the inner ring 531 and the outer ring 533 in the radial direction. The third limiting structure 537 includes a protrusion 5372 and a groove 5371, wherein the groove 5371 is provided on the outer ring of the inner ring 531, and the protrusion 5372 is provided on the inner ring of the moving ring 532. The protrusion 5372 and the groove 5371 are plug-fitted in the radial direction.
[0037] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the third limiting structure 537 can allow the moving ring 532 to move in the radial direction within a preset moving distance, and the preset moving distance is the matching distance between the moving ring 532 and the inner ring 531 on the third limiting structure 537 along the radial direction, that is, the maximum distance that the moving ring 532 is allowed to move away from the inner ring 531. There is a gap between the outer ring 533 and the inner ring 531, and the gap distance is less than the preset moving distance of the moving ring 532 relative to the inner ring 531, so as to prevent the moving ring 532 from moving out of the inner ring 531.
[0038] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, a transmission rod 534 is provided at the bottom of the inner ring 531, and the transmission rod 534 is installed on the housing 51, and the transmission rod 534 is located on the side of the housing 51 close to the opening of the telescopic cavity 511. The transmission rod 534 extends through the housing 51 into the telescopic cavity 511, and is transmission-connected with the telescopic rod 52 in the telescopic cavity 511. For example, the rod body of the transmission rod 534 is in orthogonal contact with the rod body of the telescopic rod 52, and is engaged by threads at the contact position to achieve transmission connection. Based on the transmission connection relationship, the sliding of the telescopic rod 52 in the telescopic cavity 511 can drive the transmission rod 534 to rotate, thereby driving the inner ring 531 on the transmission rod 534 and the movable ring 532 outside the inner ring 531 to rotate.
[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the first limiting structure 535 on the outer ring 533 is a locking piece, which is protrudingly arranged on the inner ring of the outer ring 533, and the second limiting structure 536 on the movable ring 532 is a bayonet, which is recessed on the outer ring of the movable ring 532, and the shape of the bayonet matches that of the locking piece.
[0040] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments, two pressure sensors 60 are provided on each test mechanism 20, and the two pressure sensors 60 are respectively fixedly arranged at the relative positions of the first bracket 30 and the second bracket 40, and the test sample 70 is fixedly installed between the two pressure sensors 60 arranged oppositely, and the pressure sensor 60 is connected to the data processing device for communication, and the pressure sensor 60 can collect the forces applied to the two ends of the test sample 70 in real time, so as to accurately obtain the fracture time of the test sample 70. Among them, on the first bracket 30, one end of the pressure sensor 60 is fixedly connected to the surface of the first bracket 30 facing the second bracket 40, and the other end of the pressure sensor 60 is provided with a fastening member, which is arranged in the pressure sensor 60, and is fixedly connected to one end of the test sample 70; on the second bracket 40, one end of the pressure sensor 60 is fixedly connected to the surface of the second bracket 40 facing the first bracket 30, and the other end of the pressure sensor 60 is provided with a fastening member, which is arranged in the pressure sensor 60, and is fixedly connected to the other end of the test sample 70. When the first bracket 30 and the second bracket 40 are pulled, the pressure sensors 60 on the first bracket 30 and the second bracket 40 stretch the test sample 70 at both ends through the fastening components, and use the pressure-sensitive units on the pressure sensors 60 connected to the fastening components to obtain the force applied to both ends of the test sample 70.
[0041] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a testing method for stress corrosion of materials, which is implemented using the testing device described in any of the above embodiments, thereby achieving strain testing of multiple test samples simultaneously under the same test conditions.
[0042] In summary, this testing device can perform strain tests on multiple test samples simultaneously under the same testing environment, effectively improving the efficiency and accuracy of stress corrosion screening of nuclear power materials.
[0043] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A material stress corrosion testing device, characterized in that: include: two tensile members; a plurality of testing mechanisms, the plurality of testing mechanisms being arranged in series between the two tensile members; Wherein, the testing mechanism includes a first bracket, a second bracket, a telescopic assembly and a pressure sensor, the first bracket and the second bracket are arranged opposite to each other, the first bracket and the second bracket are connected through the telescopic assembly, a test sample is fixed between the first bracket and the second bracket, and the pressure sensor is used to detect the force applied to the test sample by the two tensile members; the telescopic assembly is configured to cut off the telescopic operation after the test sample breaks.
2. The testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic assembly includes a shell, a telescopic rod and a self-locking device. The shell is fixed on the first bracket. A telescopic cavity is provided in the shell. One end of the telescopic rod is slidably installed in the telescopic cavity. The other end of the telescopic rod is fixed on the second bracket. The self-locking device is arranged on the shell and is transmission-connected to the telescopic rod. The self-locking device is configured to lock the relative position of the telescopic rod and the shell after the test sample is broken.
3. The testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The self-locking device includes an inner ring, a movable ring and an outer ring, the inner ring is transmission-connected to the telescopic rod, the movable ring is arranged around the periphery of the inner ring, the outer ring is fixed to the shell and is arranged around the periphery of the movable ring; the movable ring is fixed to the inner ring in the circumferential direction and moves between the inner ring and the outer ring in the radial direction; a first limiting structure is provided on the inner ring of the outer ring, and a second limiting structure is provided on the outer ring of the movable ring, the movable ring can move to a position where the second limiting structure cooperates with the first limiting structure, and the cooperating first limiting structure and second limiting structure lock the relative position of the movable ring and the outer ring.
4. The testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A third limiting structure is provided between the moving ring and the inner ring, and the third limiting structure defines the relative position of the moving ring and the inner ring in the circumferential direction and allows the moving ring to move between the inner ring and the outer ring in the radial direction.
5. The testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The third limiting structure allows the moving ring to move in the radial direction within a preset moving distance; there is a gap between the outer ring and the inner ring, and the gap distance is smaller than the preset moving distance.
6. The testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A transmission rod is arranged at the bottom of the inner ring, and the transmission rod is in transmission connection with the telescopic rod. The sliding of the telescopic rod in the telescopic cavity can drive the transmission rod to rotate.
7. The testing device according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: The first limiting structure is a locking piece, and the locking piece is protrudingly arranged on the inner ring of the outer ring; the second limiting structure is a bayonet, and the bayonet matches the shape of the locking piece.
8. The testing device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The third limiting structure includes a protrusion and a groove, the groove is arranged on the outer ring of the inner ring, the protrusion is arranged on the inner ring of the moving ring, and the protrusion and the groove match in the radial direction.
9. The testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure sensors are respectively arranged at relative positions of the first bracket and the second bracket, and the test sample is fixed between the relatively arranged pressure sensors.
10. A material stress corrosion testing method, characterized in that: The testing method is implemented using the testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.