Method for determining work amount of decommissioning process of reactor

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of computer-aided simulation, in particular to a method for determining the engineering quantity of the decommissioning process of a reactor. The method comprises the following steps of S1, obtaining geometric parameters and physical attribute parameters of a reactor; s2, determining a digital model of the reactor according to the geometric parameters and the physical attribute parameters of the reactor; s3, a cutting scheme, a disassembling path and tool equipment used for disassembling are determined according to the digital model; and S4, according to the cutting scheme, the disassembling path and the tool equipment determined in the step S3, determining the work amount of reactor decommissioning and disassembling. According to the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the decommissioning work amount of the reactor is determined by simulating the reactor, and the decommissioning work amount of the reactor can be determined more accurately, so that the decommissioning cost of the reactor is determined accurately, and forced interruption of a reactor decommissioning project caused by overhigh capital consumption or insufficient capital consumption of the reactor decommissioning is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of computer-aided simulation, and in particular to a method for determining the engineering quantity of a reactor decommissioning process. Background Art

[0002] The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present application and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] After a reactor reaches the end of its life, it needs to be decommissioned. Since the structure of the reactor is relatively complex and involves dismantling, decontamination, radioactive waste treatment and disposal, the amount of work is relatively large. If the amount of decommissioning work cannot be determined more accurately, it will have a great impact on the decommissioning work. Summary of the invention

[0004] A brief overview of the present application is provided below in order to provide a basic understanding of certain aspects of the present application. It should be understood that this overview is not an exhaustive overview of the present application. It is not intended to identify the key or important parts of the present application, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present application. Its purpose is merely to present certain concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to a more detailed description discussed later.

[0005] An embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining the engineering quantity of the decommissioning process of a reactor, which includes the following steps S1 to S4: S1: obtaining the geometric parameters and physical property parameters of the reactor; S2: determining the digital model of the reactor based on the geometric parameters and physical property parameters of the reactor; S3: determining the cutting scheme, disassembly path and tools and equipment used for disassembly based on the digital model; S4: determining the engineering quantity of reactor decommissioning and disassembly based on the cutting scheme, disassembly path and tools and equipment determined in step S3.

[0006] The method provided in the embodiments of the present application can more accurately determine the decommissioning workload of the reactor by simulating the reactor to determine the decommissioning cost of the reactor, so as to avoid the forced interruption of the reactor decommissioning project due to excessive consumption of funds or insufficient funds for reactor decommissioning. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] In order to further illustrate the above and other advantages and features of the present application, the specific embodiments of the present application are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings together with the following detailed description are included in this specification and form a part of this specification. Elements with the same function and structure are represented by the same reference numerals. It should be understood that these drawings only describe typical examples of the present application and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present application.

[0008] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0009] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the effect of verifying whether a cutting device will interfere with the existence space of a reactor in one embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0010] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of loading cut objects into a loading container according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0011] It should be noted that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, but are merely shown in a schematic manner that does not affect the reader's understanding.

[0012] Description of reference numerals: 100, loading container; 200, cut object;

[0013] 10. Cutting device; 30. Reactor assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] Exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. For the sake of clarity and conciseness, not all features of the actual implementation are described in the specification. However, it should be understood that many implementation-specific decisions must be made in the process of developing any such actual implementation in order to achieve the developer's specific goals, such as meeting those constraints related to the system and business, and these constraints may vary from implementation to implementation. In addition, it should be understood that although the development work may be very complex and time-consuming, it is only a routine task for those skilled in the art who benefit from the content of this application.

[0015] It is also necessary to explain here that, in order to avoid obscuring the present application due to unnecessary details, only the device structure and / or processing steps closely related to the scheme according to the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings, while other details that are not very relevant to the present application are omitted.

[0016] The disclosure below provides a plurality of different embodiments or examples to implement the present application. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present application, the parts and methods of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are merely examples, and the purpose is not to limit the present application. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically limited.

[0017] In the process of reactor decommissioning, the decommissioning costs need to be determined first. If the decommissioning costs are too high, it will lead to a waste of funds. If the decommissioning costs are too low, it will lead to insufficient funds, thus forcing the decommissioning project to be interrupted. When determining the decommissioning costs, there are two aspects: one is to determine the unit price of the costs, and the other is to determine the decommissioning project volume. The unit price of the costs is relatively easy to determine, and the market price can be used as a reference. Then how to accurately determine the decommissioning project volume becomes the key content of determining the decommissioning costs.

[0018] The embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining the engineering quantity of the decommissioning process of a reactor, see Figure 1 , which includes the following steps S1 to S4:

[0019] S1: Obtain the geometric parameters and physical property parameters of the reactor.

[0020] S2: Determine the digital model of the reactor based on the geometric parameters and physical property parameters of the reactor.

[0021] S3: Determine the cutting plan, disassembly path, and tools and equipment used for disassembly based on the digital model.

[0022] S4: Determine the engineering workload of reactor decommissioning and dismantling based on the cutting plan, dismantling path, and tools and equipment determined in step S3.

[0023] The method provided in the embodiments of the present application can more accurately determine the decommissioning workload of the reactor by simulating the reactor to determine the decommissioning cost of the reactor, so as to avoid the forced interruption of the reactor decommissioning project due to excessive consumption of funds or insufficient funds for reactor decommissioning.

[0024] In some embodiments, step S3 includes: dividing the digital model into multiple modules according to the cutting plan; and determining the tools and equipment for decommissioning each module according to the properties of each module.

[0025] When cutting different modules, different tools and equipment need to be selected according to the properties of each module. Different tools and equipment will result in different engineering quantities. By determining the tools and equipment required to cut different modules, the engineering quantity of reactor decommissioning and dismantling can be determined more accurately.

[0026] In some embodiments, the method further includes the following steps: determining consumables included in the tool equipment; determining a consumption coefficient of the consumables based on the consumables; and determining the quantity of the consumables based on the consumption coefficient.

[0027] Some consumables can be used for a long time, such as diamond cutting wire, some consumables are disposable, such as gas used for gas cutting, and other consumables are between the two, such as protective lenses. By determining the consumption coefficient of consumables, the quantity of consumables can be reasonably determined to avoid over-purchasing consumables or insufficient consumables. For example, for consumables that can be used for a long time, the consumption coefficient can be set to 0.01, for disposable consumables, the consumption coefficient can be set to 1, and the consumption coefficient of other consumables can be a value between the two, such as 0.5. The mass or volume of the processing and cutting module is multiplied by the consumption coefficient to determine the quantity of consumables.

[0028] In some embodiments, the method further includes the following steps: determining the mass or volume of the multiple modules; determining a decontamination plan for the multiple modules based on the mass or volume of the multiple modules; determining the engineering workload of decontamination of the multiple modules based on the decontamination plan; determining the engineering workload of reactor decommissioning and dismantling based on the engineering workload of decontamination of the multiple modules.

[0029] Before a reactor is decommissioned, it is necessary to decontaminate the reactor so that the radioactivity of the decommissioned reactor meets the requirements. When decontaminating the reactor, a certain amount of engineering work will be generated. By determining the amount of engineering work generated during the decontamination process, the amount of engineering work for decommissioning and dismantling the reactor can be determined more accurately.

[0030] In some embodiments, the method further includes the following steps: determining a decontamination coefficient for decontaminating multiple modules based on the mass or volume of the multiple modules; determining equipment and consumables for decontaminating multiple modules based on the decontamination coefficient; and determining a decontamination plan based on the equipment and consumables for decontaminating multiple modules.

[0031] Specifically, the decontamination process needs to consider the nuclide activity before and after decontamination. The decontamination coefficient can be determined according to the following expression:

[0032] B=B f ·V·(1-r p ) or B=B f ·M·(1-r p ),

[0033] Among them, B is the activity of the nuclide after decontamination, B f is the nuclide activity before decontamination, which can be obtained based on actual measurements, V is the volume of the module to be decontaminated, M is the mass of the module to be decontaminated, and r pThe decontamination coefficient is the decontamination coefficient. The larger the decontamination coefficient, the more thorough the decontamination of the module. For example, when the decontamination coefficient is greater than 0.95, you can choose chemical reagents to decontaminate the module; when the decontamination coefficient is less than 0.80, you can choose scrubbing equipment to decontaminate the module; when the decontamination coefficient is between 0.8-0.95, you can choose laser or grinding equipment to decontaminate the module. Similar to disassembly, after determining the decontamination equipment and consumables, the consumption of consumables can be determined according to the consumption coefficient of the consumables, and then the decontamination engineering volume can be determined.

[0034] In some embodiments, the method further includes the following steps: determining the staff for reactor decommissioning and dismantling based on multiple modules; and determining the engineering workload for reactor decommissioning and dismantling based on the staff.

[0035] When calculating the total cost, personnel costs are an indispensable part. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the personnel workload in order to more accurately determine the workload of reactor decommissioning and dismantling.

[0036] In some embodiments, the method further includes the following steps: determining the staff's work difficulty coefficient based on the staff's work content; and determining the engineering volume of reactor decommissioning and dismantling based on the work difficulty coefficient.

[0037] It is easy to understand that for the same working hours, the higher the difficulty of the staff's work, the higher their personnel costs. By determining the staff's work difficulty coefficient, the personnel workload for different jobs can be determined more accurately.

[0038] In some embodiments, the method also includes: determining one or more of the staff's respiratory protection coefficient, radiation protection optimization coefficient, accessibility coefficient, protective clothing coefficient, work productivity coefficient, and remote operation coefficient; and determining the work difficulty coefficient based on the above coefficients.

[0039] During the decommissioning and dismantling process of the reactor, in order to protect against the influence of radioactive gases, workers need to wear respiratory protection equipment such as oxygen masks. However, the mist during breathing will interfere with the decommissioning and dismantling process, resulting in a decrease in the work efficiency of the workers. The respiratory protection factor is used to compensate for the above work efficiency. The more serious the interference, the greater the respiratory protection factor. The range of the respiratory protection factor can be, for example, 10%-50%.

[0040] Workers who participate in the decommissioning and dismantling of reactors need to attend safety training regularly and do preparation work before entering high-risk or high-radiation-dose areas. The radiation protection optimization factor is used to compensate for this period of time. The more time the above activities take, the greater the radiation protection optimization factor. The range of the radiation protection optimization factor can be, for example, 10%-15%.

[0041] When workers work in restricted areas such as scaffolds, ladders, and pipes, their work efficiency will decrease. The accessibility coefficient is used to compensate for the above work efficiency. The more the work efficiency decreases, the greater the accessibility coefficient. The range of the accessibility coefficient can be, for example, 10%-20%.

[0042] When workers enter the radiation control area, they need to wear protective clothing, which will also affect the work efficiency of the workers. The protective clothing coefficient is used to compensate for the above work efficiency. The more the work efficiency decreases, the greater the protective clothing coefficient. The range of the protective clothing coefficient can be, for example, 10%-30%.

[0043] During the work process, staff members will also be affected by factors such as union negotiation agreements, bad weather, lack of rest time, etc., which will reduce work efficiency. The work productivity coefficient is used to compensate for the above efficiency. The more the work efficiency decreases, the greater the work productivity coefficient. Its specific value needs to be determined in combination with the work unit and the external environment. Among them, the work productivity coefficient caused by lack of rest time can be, for example, 5%-10%.

[0044] When workers need to control machinery through remote operation, they will be affected by the operating equipment. For example, the force feedback of the tool is not as obvious as directly controlling the machinery, and they need to use indirect vision instead of direct vision to work. The above factors will lead to a decrease in the work efficiency of the workers. The remote operation coefficient is used to compensate for the above efficiency. The greater the decrease in work efficiency, the greater the remote operation coefficient. Its specific value needs to be determined in combination with the operating equipment and the operating scenario.

[0045] After determining one or more of the respiratory protection factor, radiation protection optimization factor, accessibility factor, protective clothing factor, work productivity factor, and remote operation factor of the worker, the work difficulty factor can be determined according to the following expression:

[0046]

[0047] Among them, x is the difficulty coefficient of the work, x i is the i-th coefficient mentioned above, and n is the total number of the above coefficients.

[0048] In some embodiments, step S1 includes the following steps: setting a plurality of reference devices inside and outside the reactor, and establishing a coordinate system about the reactor according to the positions of the reference devices; setting a plurality of scanning points inside the reactor, recording the coordinates of the scanning points, and scanning the reactor at the scanning points, converting the scanned photos into point cloud data, and obtaining the geometric parameters and physical property parameters of the reactor according to the point cloud data.

[0049] In some embodiments, step S2 includes the following steps: importing point cloud data into modeling software, using modeling software to remove content that is not related to the reactor in the point cloud data, splicing and coloring the processed point cloud data according to the position of a reference device, and converting the spliced ​​and colored point cloud data into a digital model of the reactor.

[0050] In some embodiments, step S3 includes the following steps: simulating a laser for cutting, simulating a reactor shell for cutting, and performing simulated cutting on the simulated reactor shell using the simulated laser.

[0051] The above simulation method simulates the cutting process of the reactor shell before actually cutting the decommissioned reactor vessel, so that the cut objects produced by cutting have similar sizes, thereby facilitating the subsequent processing of the cut objects. In addition, during the simulated cutting, problems that may occur during the actual cutting process can be discovered in a timely manner.

[0052] When simulating a laser for cutting, a first object is created. The first object is defined as a laser. The first object includes multiple attributes. The multiple attributes represent multiple elements of the laser. The attributes representing the real laser are split into multiple elements, and each element is implemented separately.

[0053] Among them, the multiple attributes of the first object may include: laser switch, cutting laser length, cutting laser width, cutting distance, minimum cutting distance, maximum cutting distance, cutting angle, minimum cutting angle, maximum cutting angle, cutting grid generation interval, longitudinal movement tolerance, and laser overlap tolerance.

[0054] The laser simulated by the above properties is closer to the real laser in the actual cutting process, so that the determined cutting plan and disassembly path are more accurate.

[0055] In some embodiments, a second object is created, the second object being defined as a reactor containment; the second object comprising a plurality of attributes, the plurality of attributes characterizing a plurality of elements of the reactor containment.

[0056] The multiple attributes of the second object may include: mass, material and shape of the reactor shell. In the process of simulating cutting, it is necessary to combine the multiple attributes of the first object and the multiple attributes of the second object to obtain a simulation result closer to the actual situation.

[0057] In some embodiments, the simulation method includes: confirming that the laser is in contact with the object to be cut; determining that the effective cutting distance of the laser is within a predetermined range; determining that the angle between the laser beam and the object to be cut is within a cutting angle range; determining that the time of the last record and the time of this record are greater than a predetermined time interval; generating a cutting record point of the laser; repeating the above process until the above conditions are not met, generating multiple cutting record points of the laser; generating a cutting path line of the laser based on the multiple cutting record points; generating a laser cutting grid body based on the cutting path line and the length and width of the laser; and comparing the laser cutting grid body with the object to be cut, thereby achieving cutting of the object to be cut.

[0058] The method to confirm whether the laser is in contact with the object being cut is to compare the two end points of the laser with the three vertices of each face of the object being cut, and determine whether the two end points pass through each face of the object being cut. If so, it means that the laser is in contact with the object being cut.

[0059] When the laser cutting grid body is compared with the object to be cut, the laser grid body is used to perform Boolean operation on the object to be cut, and the repeated parts are subtracted from the object to be cut, thereby achieving the cutting of the object to be cut.

[0060] In some embodiments, after the cutting is completed, a separation determination is performed. When it is determined that the object is split into two by the cutting laser, the other half of the grid is used as the original grid to create an object of the other half of the cut object and call its cutting event.

[0061] In some embodiments, the laser cut mesh body is compared with a predetermined error to determine whether the cutting of the laser cut mesh body is completed.

[0062] In some embodiments, a third object is created, and the third object is defined as an operating device of the cutting apparatus. The laser is fixed on the operating device, and the movement of the laser is driven by the movement of the operating device.

[0063] The operating device can be, for example, a robot equipped with a cutting device. During the cutting process, it is necessary to consider whether the operating device will interfere with other objects, such as the object being cut, making the cutting operation impossible. By creating a third object to simulate the operating device, the simulation results can be closer to the real situation and the possibility of problems can be reduced.

[0064] In some embodiments, the shape of the moving parts of the operating device is created, the axis of each moving part is defined, and based on the axis, the movement properties and rotation properties of the moving parts are constructed; the linkage relationship between the moving parts is constructed; the input of the operator when operating the operating device is defined, and the input is associated with the movement of the moving parts so that the moving parts can be controlled through the operator's input.

[0065] In some embodiments, the simulation method also includes obtaining a laser cutting plan for the reactor shell, and generating a number of path lines simulating laser cutting according to the cutting plan; assigning a feature display to each path line; arranging the cutting path line at a corresponding position of the reactor shell; and operating the laser using an operating device to cut along the cutting path line.

[0066] The above steps can be used to verify the feasibility of the laser cutting operation. If there are problems during the operation, such as interference between the operating equipment and the reactor shell, the cutting plan can be changed and the simulated cutting can be performed again.

[0067] Figure 2 A schematic diagram is shown of the effect of verifying whether the cutting device will interfere with the existence space of the reactor in an embodiment of the present application. It can be seen that when the cutting device 10 simulated in the figure cuts one of the reactor components 30, the cutting device 10 "passes through" another reactor component 30, which means that in the actual cutting process, when the cutting device 10 cuts one of the reactor components 30, it will be blocked by another reactor component 30 and cannot be cut. Therefore, in actual cutting, this scheme is not used to cut the reactor.

[0068] In some embodiments, the cutting plan includes: calculating the volume of the reactor shell; calculating the curvature of a single piece of cutting according to the bottom area of ​​the cutting object loading container and the diameter of the reactor shell; determining the number of laser beams required for longitudinal cutting according to the curvature of the single piece of cutting; calculating the height of a single piece of cutting according to the depth of the cutting object loading container; and determining the number of laser beams required for transverse cutting according to the height of the single piece of cutting and the height of the reactor shell.

[0069] Specifically, when cutting the reactor shell, the more blocks are cut, the smaller the volume of each block is. When the cut objects are loaded into the loading container, the higher the space utilization rate of the loading container is. However, the time consumed for cutting will also increase. Therefore, it is necessary to reasonably determine the number of blocks cut for the reactor shell to achieve a balance between space utilization rate and cutting time. Figure 3When determining the size of a single object 200, it can be considered that multiple objects 200 are stacked in the loading container 100, so that the problem of space utilization of the object 200 is converted into a problem of calculating the plane area. By calculating the ratio of the bottom area of ​​the object 200 to the bottom area of ​​the loading container 100, the space utilization of the object 200 can be calculated, so as to determine the appropriate bottom area of ​​the object 200, and then calculate the arc of the single object 200, and further determine the number of laser beams required for longitudinal cutting. Similarly, the height of the single object 200 can be determined according to the depth of the loading container 100, and further determine the number of laser beams required for transverse cutting.

[0070] Furthermore, a method for determining the bottom area of ​​a single cut object 200 is introduced.

[0071] In some embodiments, the total number of cut objects 200 satisfies the following expression:

[0072]

[0073] Wherein, X is the total number of cut objects 200; g1(X) is the chord length corresponding to the outer arc length of a single cut object 200; b1 is the bottom side length of the loading container used to load the cut objects 200; g2(X) is the weight of a single cut object 200; b2 is the maximum lifting weight of the lifting device used to lift the cut object 200; T(X) is the total cutting time; Z(X) is the space utilization rate, and st represents the linear constraint.

[0074] Through the above expressions, the total cutting time, space utilization, side length of the loading container and the maximum lifting weight of the lifting device can be optimized by multi-objective optimization, so as to calculate the accurate total number of cutting objects 200.

[0075] In some embodiments, the relationship between the chord length corresponding to the outer arc length of a single cut object 200 and the total number of cut objects 200 satisfies the following expression:

[0076]

[0077] Wherein, r is the radius of the outer arc of the cutting object 200.

[0078] According to the above expression, the relationship between the chord length corresponding to the outer arc length of a single cut object 200 and the total number of cut objects 200 can be obtained more accurately, so as to more accurately determine the range of the total number of cut objects 200.

[0079] In some embodiments, the relationship between the weight of a single cut object 200 and the total number of cut objects 200 satisfies the following expression:

[0080]

[0081] Where M is the mass of the structure to be cut.

[0082] According to the above expression, the relationship between the weight of a single cut object 200 and the total number of cut objects 200 can be obtained more accurately, so as to more accurately determine the range of the total number of cut objects 200.

[0083] In some embodiments, the relationship between the total cutting time and the total number of cut objects 200 satisfies the following expression:

[0084]

[0085] Wherein, r1 and r2 are the radii of the outer arc and inner arc to be cut respectively, d is the sum of the radial and axial movement distances of the cutting device, and v is the cutting speed of the cutting device.

[0086] According to the above expression, the relationship between the total cutting time and the total number of the cut objects 200 can be obtained more accurately, so as to more accurately determine the range of the total number of the cut objects 200.

[0087] Through the above method, the bottom area of ​​a single cut object 200 can be determined more accurately, thereby obtaining a more accurate cutting plan and disassembly path, so that the determined engineering quantity is more accurate.

[0088] In some embodiments, when determining the cutting scheme and disassembly path, it is also necessary to consider the process of sucking the cut object 200 into the loading container 100. Therefore, it is also necessary to simulate the suction process to obtain a more accurate cutting scheme and disassembly path.

[0089] Specifically, a fourth object may be created, the object being defined as a suction device, the object including a plurality of attributes, and the plurality of attributes representing a plurality of elements of the suction device.

[0090] By using multiple attributes to characterize multiple elements of the suction device, only some of the attributes can be adjusted during the process of simulated suction, thereby achieving precise control of the simulated suction device.

[0091] In some embodiments, the simulated suction process further includes the following steps: the suction device detects the nearest object within the cylindrical suction range. Calculate the projection area of ​​the nearest object on the surface of the suction cup of the suction device. Calculate the suction force of the suction device based on the projection area. Calculate the actual suction force of the suction device based on the center of mass position of the sucked object. Determine to suck the sucked object based on the actual suction force and the self-weight of the sucked object.

[0092] By detecting the nearest object, the range of objects sucked by the suction device can be narrowed, and the amount of calculation can be reduced. By calculating the actual suction force of the suction device and comparing it with the self-weight of the sucked object, it can be confirmed whether the sucked object is sucked normally.

[0093] In some embodiments, a cylindrical suction range may be generated according to the maximum suction distance of the center point of the suction cup of the suction device in the direction of the suction force, and objects within the range may be detected according to the cylindrical suction range.

[0094] By generating a cylindrical suction range, it can be ensured that the suction device suctions the object to be suctioned, and does not suction irrelevant objects.

[0095] In some embodiments, according to the electromagnetic suction cup suction simulation calculation formula, the contact suction force F0 is equal to the suction cup power C multiplied by the contact area S:

[0096] F0=C×S.

[0097] Through the above expression, the suction force of the suction device can be determined more accurately, thereby avoiding suction failure caused by excessive or insufficient suction force.

[0098] In some embodiments, the third object may also be defined as an operating device of the suction device, the suction device is fixed to the operating device, and the movement of the suction device is driven by the movement of the operating device.

[0099] In the actual suction process, the suction device is arranged on an operating device such as a crane, and by simulating the third object, it can be verified whether the suction device can be driven by the operating device to move to a specified position.

[0100] In some embodiments, the simulation method also includes: creating the shape of the moving parts of the operating device, defining the axis of each moving part, and based on the axis, constructing the movement properties and rotation properties of the moving parts; constructing the linkage relationship between the moving parts; defining the input of the operator when operating the operating device, and associating the input with the movement of the moving parts so that the moving parts can be controlled by the operator's input.

[0101] The movement attribute and the rotation attribute may be the speed and range of movement and rotation. The above simulation method can divide the simulated operating device from a whole into multiple parts based on multiple axes, making the movement of the simulated operating device more precise, so that the simulation effect is closer to the actual situation.

[0102] In some embodiments, before the cutting is completed, a suction device is placed near the cutting object to be cut.

[0103] Placing the suction device near the cut object can make the cut object be sucked in time to prevent the cut object from falling on the ground. Further, when the cut object is about to be cut, the suction power of the suction device can be increased to ensure that the cut object is successfully sucked.

[0104] In some embodiments, the simulation method further comprises: after the cut object is sucked up, transferring it to a transport device, turning off the suction, separating the cut object from the cutting device, and transporting it by the transport device.

[0105] After the cut material is sucked by the suction device, the suction device establishes a constraint on the cut material, and the cut material can be moved to any position with the suction device. The switch and power of the suction device can be adjusted. When the suction device is turned off or the suction power is insufficient to maintain the attraction force that offsets the gravity of the cut material, the constraint on the cut material is released, and the cut material falls freely with gravity. In the process of transferring the cut material to the transfer device, problems such as the cut material falling too fast may occur. By simulating this process, problems that may occur in the process can be discovered, thereby avoiding these problems from occurring during the actual cutting process. In some embodiments, the transfer device can, for example, be a cart for placing loading containers.

[0106] In some embodiments, the cut material is subjected to simplified processing prior to cutting.

[0107] When the cutting object is more complex, for example, the number of faces of the model is greater than 300,000, there will be a certain delay in the operation and a freeze when the display is updated, which will affect the absorption process. Simplifying the more complex cutting objects can make the absorption process smoother and avoid the above problems.

[0108] In some embodiments, the plurality of properties of the suction device may include:

[0109] The maximum suction distance is used to determine whether the object will be sucked by the suction device. The object will be sucked only when the distance from the projected center of mass of the object to the suction device is less than the maximum suction distance.

[0110] The suction cup power coefficient is used to calculate the suction force of the suction cup on the object being attracted.

[0111] The suction cup switch provides suction to the object when it is turned on, and the suction to the object disappears when it is turned off.

[0112] The suction cup scanning interval is the interval for calculating the area and gravity of the attracted object. The smaller the suction cup scanning interval, the more accurate the simulation result, but the computing power consumed also increases. In some embodiments, the suction cup scanning interval can be 0.2 seconds per time.

[0113] The suction force of the suction cup on the object is calculated by the system.

[0114] In some embodiments, the actual suction force of the suction device can be determined according to the following formula:

[0115]

[0116] In the formula, α is the distance from the object to the center of mass of the suction cup projection. From this formula, it can be concluded that the actual suction force is proportional to the suction cup power and the projection area of ​​the object to the suction cup, and is inversely proportional to the distance from the object to the center of mass of the suction cup projection.

[0117] In some embodiments, the simulation method further includes: when the actual suction force is greater than the self-weight of the attracted object, modifying the rigid body state of the attracted object to dynamic, and applying a force to it in the direction of the suction device.

[0118] The initial value of the rigid body state of all objects is static. Only objects with a dynamic rigid body state will simulate physical effects during initialization. This process can save computing power and only simulate the physical effects of the attracted objects.

[0119] The method provided by the present application is described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0120] A plurality of reference devices are set up inside and outside the reactor, and a coordinate system of the reactor is established according to the positions of the reference devices. A plurality of scanning points are set up inside the reactor, and the coordinates of the scanning points are recorded. The reactor is scanned at the scanning points, and the scanned photos are converted into point cloud data. The geometric parameters and physical property parameters of the reactor are obtained according to the point cloud data.

[0121] Import the point cloud data into the modeling software, use the modeling software to remove the content that is not for the reactor in the point cloud data, splice and color the processed point cloud data according to the position of the reference device, and convert the spliced ​​and colored point cloud data into a digital model of the reactor. According to the digital model, simulate the cutting device and the suction device, and determine the cutting plan and disassembly path in combination with the shape and size of the loading container. According to the cutting plan, divide the digital model into multiple modules; one of the modules is a high-pressure tank in the helium system, and the tool equipment for disassembling the module is determined to be a three-dimensional high-power automatic laser cutting machine system. The consumables included in the tool equipment are handheld pipe cutting machine tools. According to the consumables, determine the consumption coefficient of the consumables; multiply the mass or volume of the processing cutting module by the consumption coefficient to determine the quantity of consumables.

[0122] Determine the mass or volume of the module; determine the decontamination coefficient of the module to be 0.90 based on the mass or volume of the module, combined with the measured nuclide activity of the module and the nuclide activity of the module after decontamination, use laser equipment to decontaminate the module, the decontamination scheme is laser decontamination, and the consumables consumption coefficient is 0.01.

[0123] According to the module being a high-pressure tank in the helium system, the staff for reactor decommissioning and dismantling are determined; according to the staff's work content, the respiratory protection coefficient is determined to be 15%, the radiation protection optimization coefficient is 12%, the accessibility coefficient is 15%, the protective clothing coefficient is 12%, the work productivity coefficient is 6%, and the remote operation coefficient is 5%; according to the above coefficients, the work difficulty coefficient is determined to be 160%. According to the work difficulty coefficient, the personnel engineering quantity is determined.

[0124] The workload of reactor decommissioning and dismantling is determined based on the cutting plan, dismantling path, the number of tools and equipment for dismantling each module, the number of consumables, the workload of decontaminating multiple modules, and the workload of personnel.

[0125] Regarding the embodiments of the present application, it should also be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features therein can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0126] The above are only specific implementation methods of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. The protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for determining the engineering quantity of a reactor decommissioning process, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1: Obtaining geometric parameters and physical property parameters of the reactor; S2: Determine a digital model of the reactor according to geometric parameters and physical property parameters of the reactor; S3: Determine a cutting plan, a disassembly path, and tools and equipment used for disassembly according to the digital model; S4: Determine the engineering workload of the reactor decommissioning and dismantling according to the cutting scheme, dismantling path, and tools and equipment determined in step S3.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The S3 step includes: According to the cutting scheme, the digital model is divided into a plurality of modules; Determine the tools and equipment for decommissioning each module based on the nature of the module.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The following steps are also included: Determining the consumables included in the tool equipment; Determining a consumption coefficient of the consumable according to the consumable; The quantity of the consumables is determined according to the consumption coefficient.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: determining the mass or volume of the plurality of modules; Determining a decontamination scheme for the plurality of modules according to the mass or volume of the plurality of modules; Determining the engineering workload of decontamination of the plurality of modules according to the decontamination scheme; The amount of work required for decommissioning and dismantling the reactor is determined based on the amount of work required for decontamination of the multiple modules.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The following steps are also included: Determining a decontamination coefficient for decontaminating the plurality of modules according to the mass or volume of the plurality of modules; Determining equipment and consumables for decontaminating the multiple modules according to the decontamination coefficient; The decontamination scheme is determined based on the equipment and consumables for decontaminating the multiple modules.

6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: Determining personnel for decommissioning and dismantling the reactor according to the multiple modules; The engineering workload of decommissioning and dismantling the reactor is determined based on the staff.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The following steps are also included: Determine the work difficulty coefficient of the staff member according to the work content of the staff member; The engineering workload of the reactor decommissioning and dismantling is determined based on the work difficulty coefficient.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that Determining one or more of a respiratory protection factor, a radiation protection optimization factor, an accessibility factor, a protective clothing factor, a work productivity factor, and a remote operation factor for the worker; According to the above coefficients, the difficulty coefficient of the work is determined.

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