Physical non-stick structure, cooking utensil and processing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a physical non-stick structure, a cooking utensil and a processing method, the physical non-stick structure is applied to the surface of a metal base material, the surface of the metal base material is provided with a plurality of concave parts and convex parts, the convex parts are in a hill shape surrounding the concave parts, and the surface roughness of the concave parts is smaller than that of the convex parts. A physical vapor deposition layer is arranged on the surface of at least part of the concave part and / or part of the convex part, and the morphology of the surface of the physical vapor deposition layer is similar to the morphology of the surface of the concave part and / or the convex part covered by the physical vapor deposition layer. According to the physical non-stick structure, the cooking utensil and the processing method, non-stick performance is achieved, and compared with a traditional method, the process is simple, and cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of cooking utensils, and in particular to a physical non-stick structure, a cooking utensil and a processing method. Background Art

[0002] Existing cooking utensils achieve non-stick properties by coating the surface of the cooking utensils with a chemical coating, generally polytetrafluoroethylene. The polytetrafluoroethylene coating is non-toxic under normal conditions, but when the coating is heated to 260°C, it will begin to volatilize, and when the temperature reaches 350°C, the polytetrafluoroethylene coating will begin to decompose. Therefore, the use temperature of non-stick pans with polytetrafluoroethylene coatings generally cannot exceed 250°C. However, the heating temperature of general cooking utensils such as frying pans often exceeds 260°C, so there are safety hazards. In addition, the coating is not wear-resistant and there is a risk of falling off. It is easy to be accidentally eaten with food, affecting health.

[0003] At present, there is a honeycomb structure frying pan, which uses stainless steel as the base material, processes evenly distributed grooves on the surface of the base material, and then sprays a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene on the entire surface of the base material. Finally, the polytetrafluoroethylene on the surface of the base material between the grooves is polished away by polishing, and only the polytetrafluoroethylene in the grooves is retained to achieve the non-stick performance of the pot surface. The advantage of this technology is that the stainless steel material has good strength and is resistant to scraping by a spatula, and can also achieve a certain degree of non-stick properties. The disadvantage is that stainless steel without polytetrafluoroethylene coating does not have non-stick properties. In addition, polytetrafluoroethylene has the risk of decomposition and falling off, which poses a safety hazard. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a physical non-stick structure, cooking utensils and processing methods, which can not only improve the non-stick properties of the metal material surface, but also have the advantages of wear resistance and not easy to fall off.

[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides a physical non-stick structure applied to the surface of a metal substrate, wherein the surface of the metal substrate is provided with a concave-convex structure comprising a plurality of concave portions and convex portions, wherein the convex portions are hill-like morphologies surrounding the concave portions, and the surface roughness of the concave portions is less than the surface roughness of the convex portions, and at least part of the concave portions and / or part of the convex portions are provided with a physical vapor deposition layer, and the morphology of the surface of the physical vapor deposition layer is similar to the morphology of the surface of the concave portions and / or the convex portions covered by it.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, a concave-convex structure with multiple concave and convex parts is first processed on the surface of the metal substrate by impact or rolling, and the concave-convex structure can form a hydrophobic structure on the surface of the metal substrate, but this hydrophobic structure is not wear-resistant. After the concave-convex structure is processed, a physical vapor deposition layer is plated on the surface of the concave-convex structure, and the physical vapor deposition layer has wear-resistant characteristics.

[0007] The traditional non-stick structure is to process grooves on the metal surface by chemical etching method and then spray chemical coating to achieve oil locking and non-stick performance. However, the chemical coating is not wear-resistant. After being scratched by tableware such as spatulas, the chemical coating is easy to fall off, affecting safety. Therefore, polishing will be performed after spraying the chemical coating, and the coating on the protrusions around the grooves will be polished off to reveal the metal substrate. Because the protrusions of the chemical coating are polished off and the metal substrate is leaked, this part of the protrusion has no non-stick properties. Moreover, the roughness of the grooves processed by the chemical etching method is higher than the roughness of the protrusions around the grooves. This structure has low surface strength and poor bonding with the physical vapor deposition layer (PVD). It is necessary to increase the bonding performance by adding a transition layer between the chemical coating and the deposition layer. This technical solution can achieve surface hardening of the metal substrate by processing the concave and convex parts through processing techniques such as impact or rolling, and the surface roughness of the concave part is less than the roughness of the convex part. The convex part is a hill-like morphology surrounding the concave part, which improves the bonding performance with the physical vapor deposition layer and has good surface strength.

[0008] Because the physical vapor deposition layer has a morphology similar to the concavo-convex structure, the surface of the physical vapor deposition layer has a hydrophobicity similar to the concavo-convex structure. Therefore, the physical non-stick structure processed on the surface of the metal substrate makes the entire surface of the metal have both wear-resistant and non-stick properties.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in a further solution, the concave portion and the convex portion are an integral structure with the metal substrate, and the physical vapor deposition layer is in direct contact with at least a portion of the concave portion and / or a portion of the convex portion surface.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, a concave-convex structure with multiple concave and convex parts is directly processed on the surface of the metal substrate by impact or rolling, and the one-piece structure has higher strength, which can reduce the risk of falling off caused by the two-body structure. The physical vapor deposition layer is directly in contact with the concave-convex structure without a transition layer in the middle, which can reduce the processing procedures, reduce the processing cost, have good bonding performance, and can also achieve wear-resistant and non-stick effects.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in a further solution, at least part of the concave portion and / or at least part of the convex portion surface is provided with an electrolytic layer or a plasma polishing layer, and the electrolytic layer or the plasma polishing layer is in direct contact with the physical vapor deposition layer.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, under the action of electrolysis or plasma, the surface of the shot blasting layer is structured with V-shaped, C-shaped, U-shaped or randomly sized concave bodies at the micron or nano level, which can further reduce the contact area between the food and the pot body. In addition, the double effect of the repulsive force formed by the heat expansion of the air in the concave body can well achieve the non-stick effect. In addition, electrolysis can also form an oxide film on the surface of the concave-convex structure to change its color and improve its performance, thereby improving the performance and grade of the product. Plasma polishing can also increase the brightness of the product surface and improve the quality of the product.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in a further scheme, the Vickers hardness of the metal substrate is greater than or equal to 100; the concave portion is a spherical pit, and the spherical diameter of the pit is 0.3-0.95 mm, preferably 0.4-0.65 mm; the hole center distance of the pit ranges from 0.3-0.8 mm, preferably 0.6 mm.

[0014] Through experimental tests, it was found that the physical vapor deposition (PVD) processing technology was applied to the surface of a metal substrate with a Vickers hardness greater than 100 and the spherical diameter of the formed pits was 0.3-0.95 mm, preferably 0.4-0.65 mm, and the center distance of the pits was in the range of 0.3-0.8 mm, preferably 0.6 mm, which had better non-stick and wear resistance.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, in a further scheme, at least part of the concave portion and / or at least part of the convex portion has a plurality of spherical pits on the surface, hill-like protrusions are provided between the pits, and the spherical diameter of the pits is 0.3-0.95 mm, preferably 0.4-0.65 mm; the hole center distance of the pits ranges from 0.3-0.8 mm, preferably 0.6 mm.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, a plurality of spherical pits are arranged in the concave part, and hill-like protrusions are arranged between the pits, so that a multi-level concave-convex structure can be formed on the metal surface, which can form better non-stick performance. The physical vapor deposition (PVD) processing technology is applied to the concave-convex structure of the pits with a spherical diameter of 0.3-0.95 mm, preferably 0.4-0.65 mm, and a pit hole center distance range of 0.3-0.8 mm, preferably 0.6 mm, which has better non-stick performance and wear resistance.

[0017] In combination with the first aspect, in a further solution, the pits are irregularly distributed, and the roughness of the pit surface is ≤3.2 microns.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the pits are irregularly distributed on the surface of the metal substrate to form irregular pits and irregular hill-like protrusions or protrusions. The surface of the metal substrate can be more conveniently processed into an anisotropic and denser concave-convex structure with better hydrophobicity and bonding with PVD.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a cooking utensil, wherein the inner surface of the main body is provided with a physical non-stick structure as described in the first aspect, and the concave portion and the convex portion are concave-convex structures with a height difference of 45-85 microns made by processing the inner surface of the main body after the main body is formed, and preferably a concave-convex structure with a height difference of 55-75 microns.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the cooking utensils with a physical non-stick structure can improve the non-stick performance when cooking food, reduce the probability of food sticking to the surface of the body, make it easier to clean the cooking utensils, and enhance the cooking pleasure.

[0021] Through experimental tests, it was found that the concave-convex structure with a height difference of 45-85 microns, or the concave-convex structure with a height difference of 55-75 microns is easy to process and has good hydrophobic properties. The physical vapor deposition layer can effectively achieve that when the physical vapor deposition layer covers the surface of the concave and convex parts, the physical vapor deposition layer can have a morphology similar to the concave-convex structure, so that the surface of the physical vapor deposition layer has better non-stick properties and wear resistance.

[0022] In a third aspect, the present application provides a physical non-stick structure processing method for processing the physical non-stick structure as described in the first aspect on the surface of a metal substrate, the processing method comprising: Forming: Processing of metal substrate into a predetermined size and / or shape; Processing: using energy to impact the surface of the cut metal substrate or the formed product, or performing roller processing to form a concave-convex structure with spherical pits and hill-like protrusions extruded around the pits on the surface of the metal substrate or the formed product; Coating: heating the processed metal substrate or the formed product to 200°C-500°C and placing it in a vacuum environment, and performing PVD coating on the surface of the concave-convex structure.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the processing cost is low and the processing efficiency is high.

[0024] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a cooking utensil processing method, which is applicable to the cooking utensil described in the second aspect, and the processing method comprises: Forming: Processing the metal substrate to form the cooking utensil body; Processing: impacting the inner surface of the body with energy, or rolling processing to form a concave-convex structure with spherical pits and hill-like protrusions squeezed out around the pits on the inner surface of the body; Coating: The processed body is heated to 200° C.-500° C. and placed in a vacuum environment, and PVD coating is performed on the surface of the concave-convex structure.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the traditional process of first processing the metal sheet into a concave-convex structure and then stretching it into the body of the device is abandoned. The metal sheet is first stretched into the body and then the inner surface of the body is processed to form the concave-convex structure. The process is simple and low in cost, and there is no risk of destroying the morphology of the concave-convex structure after stretching. The hydrophobic performance of the concave-convex structure is better protected, and the consistency of the non-stick performance of the product is higher.

[0026] In combination with the fourth aspect, in a further solution, an electrolytic or plasma polishing processing step is also included between the processing and coating steps to form an electrolytic layer or a plasma layer on the surface of the concave-convex structure.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, a nanometer or micrometer-level concave-convex structure can be further formed on the surface of the concave-convex structure to further improve the hydrophobic performance. In addition, the discoloration problem during the processing of the metal substrate can be reduced.

[0028] In summary, the present application has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The physical non-stick structure of the present invention makes the metal surface both wear-resistant and physically non-stick.

[0029] 2. The physical non-stick structure of this application can reduce the risk of falling off caused by the two-body structure of the metal substrate directly combined with PVD, and has higher strength.

[0030] 3. The physical non-stick structure of the present application, the physical vapor deposition layer is in direct contact with the concave-convex structure, and there is no transition layer in the middle, which can not only ensure the bonding strength but also reduce the processing procedures and reduce the processing cost.

[0031] 4. The cooking utensil of the present application can meet the requirements of wear resistance and non-stick performance of the cooking utensil during normal cooking, and can also improve the cost performance of the cooking utensil.

[0032] 5. The processing method of the present application can form a concave-convex structure with multiple concave and convex parts on the surface of a metal substrate or a main body of a cooking utensil, thereby improving the non-stick performance and wear resistance of the product and making it easier to clean the product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is an enlarged view of the concave-convex structure of the prior art; Figure 2 It is an enlarged view of the convex part of the prior art; Figure 3 It is an enlarged view of the concave-convex structure of the physical non-stick structure of the present application; Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal substrate having a first embodiment of the physical non-stick structure of the present application; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 The enlarged schematic diagram at A in the middle; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the middle BB section; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the concave-convex structure after removing the physical vapor deposition layer; Figure 8 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a second embodiment of the physical non-stick structure of the present application; Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 The enlarged schematic diagram at C in the middle; Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the concave-convex structure of the third embodiment of the physical non-stick structure of the present application after the physical vapor deposition layer is removed; Fig.11 yes Fig.10 The enlarged schematic diagram at D in the middle; Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the cooking utensil of the present application; Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the cooking utensil of the present application.

[0034] Reference numerals: 1. Chemical non-stick structure; 11. Grooves; 12. Convex surface; 100. Metal substrate; 200. Physical non-stick structure; 2. Concavo-convex structure; 21. Concave part; 22. Convex part; 3. Physical vapor deposition layer; 4. Pits; 41. Protrusions; 5. Pot body; 51. Inner surface; 511. Bottom area; 52. Outer surface; 521. Pot mouth area; 6. Handle; a. Hole center distance; b. Concavo-convex height difference; c. Depth of concave part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can be arranged and designed in various configurations. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0036] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0037] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0038] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0039] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a partial enlarged view of the existing chemical non-stick structure 1, the non-stick structure includes a groove 11 and a convex surface 12. The groove 11 in the prior art non-stick structure is darker in color, indicating a greater roughness, and the convex surface 12 outside the groove 11 is lighter in color, indicating a smaller roughness. The groove 11 is formed by chemically etching the surface of the metal substrate 100 to a certain depth. The chemical non-stick product of the prior art is to spray a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene on the surface of this concave-convex structure, and the non-stick property of the product is achieved by polytetrafluoroethylene. Finally, the polytetrafluoroethylene on the surface of the convex surface 12 is removed by polishing, and then the convex surface 12 is polished into a surface with a certain degree of smoothness to reduce the adhesion of the convex surface 12 not covered with polytetrafluoroethylene, so the roughness of the concave part 21 is greater than the roughness of the convex part 22 (see Figure 2 , 100 times magnified view of the polished convex surface 12). Although the possibility of the polytetrafluoroethylene in the groove 11 of this structure being scraped off by the spatula is low, there is still a risk of it falling off in the event of a bump or the like, and polytetrafluoroethylene decomposes at high temperatures, posing a safety hazard.

[0040] In order to solve this defect, after long-term research and multiple experimental tests, the inventor finally broke through the bottleneck of the existing technology and developed a physical non-stick structure 200. This structure has non-stick and wear-resistant properties and will not decompose like polytetrafluoroethylene at high temperatures, and there is no safety hazard of chemical coating.

[0041] Some embodiments of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the features of the following embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0042] The cooking utensils in the present application include dining utensils and cooking utensils.

[0043] Embodiment 1 See also Figure 3-Figure 7 , a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the physical non-stick structure 200. The physical non-stick structure 200 is disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the metal substrate 100, and the surface of the metal substrate 100 is provided with a plurality of recesses 21 (see Figure 3 The dark colored part) and the convex part 22 are concave-convex structures 2, and the convex part 22 is a hill-like morphology surrounding the concave part 21 (see Figure 3 The surface roughness of the concave portion 21 is less than that of the convex portion 22. At least part of the concave portion 21 or at least part of the convex portion 22 or at least part of the concavo-convex structure 2 is provided with a physical vapor deposition layer 3. The morphology of the surface of the physical vapor deposition layer 3 is similar to the morphology of the concave portion 21 and the convex portion 22 covered by it. Through experimental tests, the physical non-stick structure 200 can achieve an ideal technical effect only when it is applied to a metal substrate 100 with a Vickers hardness greater than or equal to 100.

[0044] See also Figure 4 The physical non-stick structure 200 in this embodiment includes a concave-convex structure 2 which is integrally processed in an area set on the surface of the metal substrate 100 by high-speed steel shot impacting the surface of the metal substrate 100 or by rolling or other processing methods, and then PVD coating is performed, so the concave-convex structure 2 is made of the same material as the metal substrate 100.

[0045] See also Figure 5 The physical non-stick structure 200 includes a concave-convex structure 2 on the surface of the metal substrate 100, and the concave-convex structure 2 includes concave portions 21. The concave portions 21 can be evenly distributed on the surface of the metal substrate 100 or irregularly distributed on the surface of the metal substrate 100. In the scheme where the concave portions 21 are irregularly distributed on the surface of the metal substrate 100, the concave-convex structure 2 is formed by using high-pressure air to impact steel shots with a diameter of 0.3-1.9 mm on the surface of the metal substrate 100.

[0046] The concave portion 21 in this embodiment is a spherical concave pit 4, the roughness of the surface of the concave pit 4 is ≤3.2 microns, the diameter of the concave pit 4 is 0.3-0.95 mm, and the optimal is 0.4-0.65 mm. The concave pit 4 is a spherical concave pit 4 formed by spraying 0.6-1 mm steel shot to the surface of the metal substrate 100 at a pressure of 2Mpa-8Mpa, and the diameter of the concave pit 4 mentioned above is the spherical diameter. The hole center distance a of the concave pit 4 ranges from 0.3 to 0.8 mm, and the optimal is 0.6 mm. The range of the hole center distance a here refers to the spherical center distance of the concave pit 4. In some embodiments, the cross-section can also be processed into a circular, elliptical or polygonal shape according to design requirements by rolling, stamping and other processing methods, and the polygon is, for example, a hexagon or a quadrilateral. If the concave pit 4 is a polygon, the polygon can be evenly distributed by rolling or can be designed as an irregular arrangement as needed, and the diameter of the inscribed circle of the polygon is 0.3-0.95 mm, and the optimal is 0.4-0.65 mm.

[0047] See also Figure 6 and Figure 7 The concavo-convex structure 2 is a surface formed by connecting the concave pits 4 processed on the surface of the metal substrate 100 and the hilly convex portions 22 formed by extrusion between the concave pits 4. The concavo-convex height difference b, that is, the distance from the highest point of the convex portion 22 to the lowest point of the concave portion 21, is 45-85 microns, and the optimal value is 55-75 microns. The concavo-convex structure 2 is an integral structure with the metal substrate 100, and the physical vapor deposition layer 3 is in direct contact with the surface of the concavo-convex structure 2.

[0048] According to the design requirements of different products, at least part of the surface of the concavo-convex structure 2 is provided with a physical vapor deposition layer 3. By setting and controlling the PVD coating process parameters, the morphology of the surface of the physical vapor deposition layer 3 is similar to the morphology of the surface of the concavo-convex structure 2 covered by it, so as to achieve a non-stick effect on the surface of the metal substrate 100. The physical vapor deposition layer 3 is in direct contact with the concavo-convex structure 2, and a thickness of the physical vapor deposition layer 3 of 0.8-1.45 microns can achieve a better technical effect.

[0049] The bonding of the PVD coating and the metal substrate 100 in direct contact is poor, and good wear resistance cannot be guaranteed. It is necessary to set a transition layer between the PVD coating and the metal substrate 100 to improve the bonding performance. For example, the patents with application numbers CN202121169683.5 and CN202222426611.5 both adopt the solution of adding a transition layer between the metal substrate 100 and the physical vapor deposition layer 3 to achieve the bonding of the metal substrate 100 and the physical vapor deposition layer 3. The transition layer can have good bonding force to both the coating and the metal substrate 100, so as to ensure good bonding force between the PVD coating and the metal substrate 100 and not easy to fall off. The physical non-stick structure 200 of the present application has been developed through theoretical analysis and long-term experimental testing, and a new structure has been developed. The corresponding concave-convex structure 2 is directly processed on the surface of the metal substrate 100, which can not only achieve good bonding between the PVD coating and the metal substrate 100, but also improve the non-stick property of the surface of the metal substrate 100, and also has wear-resistant performance, which can maintain the wear-resistant and non-stick property of the surface of the metal substrate 100 for a long time. The metal substrate 100 is a metal material such as carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel and titanium alloy.

[0050] Performance comparison test of different parameters: The spherical diameter of the pit is correlated with the height difference b. Considering the test accuracy and convenience, this test uses the parameter of height difference b for comparative analysis. Through the performance comparison test, it can be seen that the comprehensive performance of items 5-8 is optimal when the physical vapor deposition thickness is in the range of 0.8-1.45um and the height difference b is 45-85um, and the cost of this parameter range is also the most reasonable.

[0051] When the physical vapor deposition thickness is less than 0.8um and the height difference b of the concave and convex is less than 45um, the coating bonding strength is poor and can only reach level 3, and it is easy to fall off; the hardness range is 600-800HV, the hardness is not enough, and the wear resistance is poor; the non-stick effect of fried eggs is level III, and the non-stick effect is poor.

[0052] When the physical vapor deposition thickness is less than 0.8um and the concave-convex height difference b is greater than 85um, the coating hardness ranges from 300-800HV, the hardness is insufficient, and the wear resistance is poor; the non-stick effect for frying eggs is level III, and the non-stick effect is poor.

[0053] When the physical vapor deposition thickness is greater than 1.45um and the concave-convex height difference b is less than 45um, the coating adhesion is very poor and can only reach level 3, and it is easy to fall off; the hardness range of 1500-2000HV can meet the requirements, but it wastes raw materials and increases costs, and the non-stick effect of fried eggs is level III, and the non-stick effect is poor.

[0054] When the physical vapor deposition thickness is greater than 1.45um and the concave-convex height difference b is greater than 85um, the bonding force can reach level 2 or above, and the hardness range of 1500-2000HV can meet the requirements, but the raw materials are wasted and the cost is increased, and the non-stick effect of fried eggs is level III, which is poor.

[0055] When the physical vapor deposition thickness is in the range of 0.8-1.45um and the concave-convex height difference b is 45-85um, the bonding force can reach level 2, the hardness range is 1500-2000HV, the non-stick effect of fried eggs is level II, and the cost performance is the highest.

[0056] Embodiment 2 See also Figure 8 and Fig. 9 , which is different from the first embodiment, the surface of the metal substrate 100 is processed with a plurality of recesses 21 and convex portions 22 formed between the recesses 21. The recesses 21 can be formed by etching, impact, rolling or stamping, and the depth c of the recesses is between 0.1 mm and 0.9 mm. A plurality of pits 4 are processed on the surface of the recesses 21 and the convex portions 22, and hill-like protrusions 41 are provided between the pits 4. The spherical diameter of the pits 4 is 0.3-0.95 mm, preferably 0.4-0.65 mm. The hole center distance a of the pits 4 ranges from 0.3 to 0.8 mm, preferably 0.6 mm. The recesses 21 can be designed to have a surface roughness of ≤3.2 microns according to different product requirements. The pits 4 are spherical pits 4 formed by spraying 0.6-1 mm steel shots at a pressure of 2Mpa-8Mpa onto the surface of the metal substrate 100. In this embodiment, the height difference b of the concave-convex structure is 45-85 microns from the highest point of the protrusion 41 to the lowest point of the pit 4, and the optimal range is 55-75 microns; the hole center distance a of the pit 4 is 0.3-0.8 mm, and the optimal range is 0.6 mm. The hole center distance a here refers to the distance between the sphere centers of the pit 4. In this embodiment, a multi-level concave-convex structure can be generated on the surface of the metal substrate 100, and the bonding with PVD and the wear resistance of the product surface can be improved.

[0057] In some embodiments, the cross-section can be processed into a circular, elliptical or polygonal shape according to design requirements by rolling, stamping and other processing methods, and the polygon is, for example, a hexagon or a quadrilateral. If the dimples 4 are polygonal, the polygons can be evenly distributed by rolling or irregularly arranged as required, and the diameter of the inscribed circle of the polygon is 0.3-0.95 mm, and optimally 0.4-0.65 mm.

[0058] Embodiment 3 See also Fig.10 and Fig.11 , which is different from the first embodiment, is that an electrolytic layer or a plasma polishing layer is further provided between the concavo-convex structure 2 and the physical vapor deposition layer 3 .

[0059] See also Fig.10 The concave-convex structure 2 composed of the concave portion 21 and the convex portion 22 on the surface of the metal substrate 100 is the same as that in the first embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.

[0060] See also Fig.11 The electrolytic layer or plasma polishing layer is formed by electrolysis or plasma polishing on the surface of the concave portion 21 and the convex portion 22 to produce an irregular rough surface of nanometer or micrometer level. The processing in this embodiment is formed by electrolytic processing.

[0061] In some embodiments, there are multiple combined processing methods, for example, an electrolytic layer or a plasma polishing layer is provided on the surface of part of the concave-convex structure 2, and a physical vapor deposition layer 3 is coated on the surface of part of the electrolytic layer / plasma polishing layer, or part of the concave-convex structure 2, or part of the concave-convex structure 2 and part of the electrolytic layer / plasma polishing layer, so as to form a variety of combined structures on the surface of the metal substrate 100, to achieve different surface effects according to different usage requirements, or to achieve different surface effects in different areas on the surface of the metal substrate 100.

[0062] Embodiment 4 See also Fig.12 The present embodiment discloses a cooking utensil, specifically a frying pan, which includes a pot body 5 and a handle 6. The physical non-stick structure 200 in the first embodiment is provided in the bottom area 511 of the inner surface 51 of the pot body 5 of the frying pan. In practical applications, in order to achieve better non-stick performance, the physical non-stick structure 200 can be provided on the entire inner surface 51 of the pot body 5. The present embodiment is only illustrated by a frying pan. In practical applications, the physical non-stick structure 200 can be applied to the surfaces of all cooking utensils, including dining utensils and cooking utensils, including but not limited to containers of cooking utensils (soymilk machine cup body, rice cooker, pressure cooker, electric hot pot liner or oven box, etc.), juicer cup body, shovel, etc.

[0063] Embodiment 5 See also Fig.13 The difference between this embodiment and the fourth embodiment is that the outer surface 52 of the pot body 5 of this embodiment is also provided with a physical non-stick structure 200, and the physical non-stick structure 200 is provided at a pot mouth position away from the bottom of the pot. In practical applications, if the cost is not considered, in order to achieve good non-stick performance of the outer surface 52, the physical non-stick structure 200 can be provided in the entire area of ​​the outer surface 52. Alternatively, the concavo-convex structure 2 and the convex part 22 are integrally provided in the pot mouth area 521 of the outer surface 52 of the pot body 5 away from the bottom.

[0064] Embodiment 6 This embodiment also discloses a method for processing a physical non-stick structure 200, which is used to process the physical non-stick structure 200 in the first, second or third embodiment on the surface of a metal substrate 100. The processing method includes: Forming: Processing the metal substrate 100 into a predetermined size and / or shape.

[0065] Processing: Use high-pressure air to make steel shots with a diameter of 0.3-1.9 mm impact the cut metal substrate 100 or the surface of the formed product, or use roller pressing to form a concave-convex structure 2 with spherical pits 4 and hill-like protrusions 41 squeezed around the pits 4 on the surface of the metal substrate 100 or the formed product. In some embodiments, the concave-convex structure 2 can also be formed on the surface of the metal substrate 100 or the formed product by electron beam impact or sandblasting.

[0066] Coating: The processed metal substrate 100 or the formed product is heated to 200° C.-500° C. and placed in a vacuum environment, and PVD coating is performed on the surface of the concave-convex structure 2 .

[0067] Embodiment 7 This embodiment discloses a cooking utensil processing method, which is applicable to the cooking utensil in the fourth or fifth embodiment. The processing method includes: Forming: processing the metal substrate 100 to form a wok body 5; Processing: Process the inner surface 51 of the pot body 5; use 0.3-1.9 mm steel shot at a pressure of 2Mpa-8Mpa to impact for 3 seconds to 5 minutes until the inner surface 51 of the pot body 5 forms a concave-convex structure 2 with spherical pits 4; or use roller pressing to form a concave-convex structure 2 with spherical pits 4 and hill-like protrusions 41 squeezed out around the pits 4 on the inner surface 51 of the body. During the impact process, the impact angle of the steel shot follows the change of the inner surface of the pot body 5 to achieve the steel shot colliding with the inner surface of the pot body 5 as vertically as possible, and the pot body 5 rotates during this process. In some embodiments, the concave-convex structure 2 can also be formed on the surface of the metal substrate 100 or the formed product by electron beam impact or sandblasting.

[0068] Electrolysis: electrolytic processing is performed on the surface of the concavo-convex structure 2 to form an electrolytic layer; Coating: The pot body 5 after electrolysis is heated to 200° C.-500° C. and placed in a vacuum environment, and PVD coating is performed on the inner surface 51 of the pot body.

[0069] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes, modifications, substitutions and variants, and these changes, modifications, substitutions and variants all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed for protection.

Claims

1. A physical non-stick structure (200), applied to the surface of a metal substrate (100), characterized in that: The surface of the metal substrate (100) is provided with a concave-convex structure (2) comprising a plurality of concave portions (21) and convex portions (22); the convex portions (22) are hill-like in shape surrounding the concave portions (21); the surface roughness of the concave portions (21) is less than the surface roughness of the convex portions (22); at least a portion of the surface of the concave portions (21) and / or a portion of the surface of the convex portions (22) is provided with a physical vapor deposition layer (3); the surface morphology of the physical vapor deposition layer (3) is similar to the surface morphology of the concave portions (21) and / or the convex portions (22) covered by the physical vapor deposition layer (3).

2. The physical non-stick structure (200) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concave portion (21) and the convex portion (22) are an integral structure with the metal substrate (100), and the physical vapor deposition layer (3) is in direct contact with at least part of the surface of the concave portion (21) and / or part of the convex portion (22).

3. The physical non-stick structure (200) according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least part of the concave portion (21) and / or at least part of the convex portion (22) is provided with an electrolytic layer or a plasma polishing layer on its surface, and the electrolytic layer or the plasma polishing layer is in direct contact with the physical vapor deposition layer (3).

4. The physical non-stick structure (200) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Vickers hardness of the metal substrate (100) is greater than or equal to 100; the concave portion (21) is a spherical pit (4), the spherical diameter of the pit (4) is 0.3-0.95 mm, preferably 0.4-0.65 mm; the hole center distance (a) of the pit (4) ranges from 0.3-0.8 mm, preferably 0.6 mm.

5. The physical non-stick structure (200) according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least part of the concave portion (21) and / or at least part of the convex portion (22) has a plurality of spherical pits (4) on its surface, and hill-like protrusions (41) are provided between the pits (4). The spherical diameter of the pits (4) is 0.3-0.95 mm, preferably 0.4-0.65 mm; the hole center distance (a) of the pits (4) ranges from 0.3-0.8 mm, preferably 0.6 mm.

6. The physical non-stick structure (200) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The pits (4) are irregularly distributed, and the surface roughness of the pits (4) is ≤3.2 micrometers.

7. A cooking utensil, comprising a body formed of a metal substrate (100), characterized in that: The inner surface (51) of the main body is provided with a physical non-stick structure (200) as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, and the concave portion (21) and the convex portion (22) are concave-convex structures (2) with a height difference of 45-85 microns, which are made by processing the inner surface (51) of the main body after the main body is formed, and preferably a concave-convex structure (2) with a height difference of 55-75 microns.

8. A method for processing a physical non-stick structure (200), characterized in that: A method for processing a physical non-stick structure (200) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 on a surface of a metal substrate (100), the processing method comprising: Forming: processing the metal substrate (100) into a predetermined size and / or shape; Processing: using energy to impact the surface of the cut metal substrate (100) or the formed product, or performing rolling processing to form a concave-convex structure (2) having spherical concave pits (4) and hill-like protrusions (41) extruded around the concave pits (4) on the surface of the metal substrate (100) or the formed product; Coating: The processed metal substrate (100) or the formed product is heated to 200°C-500°C and placed in a vacuum environment, and PVD coating is performed on the surface of the concave-convex structure (2).

9. A cooking utensil processing method, characterized in that: Applicable to the cooking utensil according to claim 7, the processing method comprises: Forming: processing the metal substrate (100) to form a cooking utensil body; Processing: impacting the inner surface (51) of the main body with energy, or rolling processing to form a concave-convex structure (2) having a spherical concave pit (4) and hill-like protrusions (41) squeezed out around the concave pit (4) on the inner surface (51) of the main body; Coating: The processed body is heated to 200° C.-500° C. and placed in a vacuum environment, and PVD coating is performed on the surface of the concave-convex structure (2).

10. The processing method according to claim 9, characterized in that: An electrolytic or plasma polishing process step is also included between the processing and the coating step, for forming an electrolytic layer or a plasma layer on the surface of the concave-convex structure (2).

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